Electric meters modern type are designed to transmit current up to sixty amperes; therefore, previously installed metering devices with an accuracy of 2.5 must be replaced with newer models with an accuracy of 1.0 or 2.0. Replacement for this reason is usually carried out once every sixteen years.
The answer to the question of whether it is necessary to replace the electric meter with a new one is reflected in government regulations Russian Federation. In particular, Article 543, part two, of the Civil Code states that if the consumer of an energy resource is an individual who uses electricity not for commercial, but for domestic purposes, it is the energy organization that is responsible for technical condition, as well as network and equipment security. This rule applies in all cases unless other conditions are approved by any regional legal acts.
In accordance with the Rules for the functioning of the retail electricity market, the energy sales organization, the consumer and any intermediary structures (management companies, equipment installation services) must document their relationships in a written official agreement. It is in this document that each electricity consumer can find the main nuances in his or her case.
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Grounds obliging replacement When we're talking about about citizens who live in apartment buildings , most often there is no difference in where exactly the electricity meters are installed - whether in apartments or on staircase landings
- . One way or another, the metering device is the personal property of the apartment owner, unless otherwise provided in the signed agreement. It is necessary to change the electricity meter in the following cases:
- The indicators of resource consumption on the device are no longer displayed;
- The meter seal is torn or broken;
- Scheduled inspections (usually every sixteen or eight years);
- The service life of the device has expired (see technical data sheet).
If the owner of a real estate property discovers that his meter is out of order, he must immediately notify the executors of this fact. utilities(management company or energy supply organization). After notification within thirty days, the owner of the residential or non-residential premises must replace the old meter with a new one. If this requirement is not met, the owner is obliged to pay for light at a tariff with increasing coefficients.
In what order should I proceed?
Regardless of the reason why replacement was required, the owner of the real estate is obliged to comply with the following sequence of actions:
If the replacement procedure is violated, the owner will be issued a significant fine, along with the re-accounting of the already paid resource at the highest rate for the last three years.
Selecting new equipment
When choosing a new electricity meter, the owner must be guided by the basic requirements for this equipment. Of course, the newer the metering device, the higher its accuracy and the better for the owner. Today you can purchase equipment with an accuracy of 1.0 and even 0.5. On every separate device Its accuracy class must be indicated with a number in a circle.
In addition to accuracy, the metering device must be included in the state register of foreign equipment, undergo certification and be approved for use in Russia. The meter must be sealed by the state trustee with a stamp and the date of the inspection.
Before purchasing new equipment, it is important to consider when the meter was manufactured. Between this date and the date of its installation in the apartment there should not be a time gap of more than two years if it is a single-phase device, and no more than a year if we are talking about a three-phase one.
The installation location of the new electricity meter should also be taken into account. For convenience, this should be at a height of no more than one hundred and seventy centimeters from the floor. During installation, you must not arbitrarily break the seals of the old device, dismantle it and throw it away.
Where will you need to contact?
Having decided why and on what basis the owner should change electric meter in your home, there are several options where you can go for installation:
- Any specialized organization that deals with electrical installation work;
- A management company that is responsible for the in-house systems of your home;
- Network organization (for private homes);
- A familiar electrician, but always with a signed contract;
- Independent replacement if you have the appropriate education and qualifications.
When the replacement is made, the owner is obliged to put the new meter into operation. This is done by the utility service provider, that is, management company or energy sales. After completing all the necessary work, the owner will be given a certificate of replacement of the electricity meter with signatures of all parties and a certificate of putting the device into operation.
If there is no certificate of replacement, for example, the work was carried out by the owner of the premises or a familiar electrician, this is not a critical situation. Upon receipt of the certificate of commissioning of the meter, it must be given to the energy sales company.
Importance of type of ownership
IN privatized apartments owners of residential premises are responsible for the integrity and safety of electric meters, including their maintenance, as this is often provided for in the signed agreement. Each owner is obliged to independently take care of the serviceability of the equipment, bear all associated financial costs and responsibility for untimely work.
As for municipal housing, in accordance with the Civil Code, residents are not forced to change old meters to new ones, since this is the responsibility of the owner of the living space. Owner in in this case is a municipality or a state. Accordingly, all worries and expenses are entrusted not to citizens, but to local authorities. However, in practice, you may encounter the fact that the management or energy company shifts its responsibilities to residents at the stage of signing the contract, citing the fact that tenants are subscribers, that is, payers for utility services. Despite this, in accordance with the Civil Code and Article 539, the subscriber is not the citizen, but the company itself. If, on any basis, it obliges the residents of a municipal apartment to bear the costs, it is necessary to file a complaint with the housing inspectorate, even if, without understanding it, the citizen hastened and changed the meter at his own expense.
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Even at the end of the 18th century, counters electrical energy have become necessary and indispensable in everyday life. Such devices are needed to determine the consumption of alternating or direct current. Like any technical devices, they must be constantly checked and, if necessary, replaced.
The service life and verification of such a device are determined by the manufacturer himself. If necessary, the old device is dismantled and a new one is installed. Replacement of the electric meter must be carried out by qualified specialists, for example, specialists from the energy supply company Mosenergosbyt PJSC.
Classification and types of meters
Today, consumers mainly use two types of electricity meters to account for used electricity - induction and electronic. Early mass consumers used induction meters. Today, they are physically and morally outdated and do not provide adequate reliability in accounting for electricity use. Because of its primitiveness, this device will not allow you to carry out multi-tariff accounting; it does not have the ability to read the device readings from a distance.
Electronic meters provide accurate indicators of electricity consumption and the consumer will not have to pay more. Such devices come with multi-tariff options, for example, “day” or “night”, which will allow you to rationally distribute energy costs and save money. Such devices tolerate changes in temperature and humidity well and can be installed even outdoors. Therefore, if possible, such induction devices can be replaced with electronic ones, and all new houses are equipped only with such devices.
Electronic meters have certain differences in functionality. For the client, such indicators as “accuracy class” and “tariff” are fundamentally important.
- “Accuracy class” is one of the main characteristics that determines the level of deviations in meter measurements. Until the middle of the last century, all devices had an accuracy class of 2.5 - the error in measurements was slightly more than two percent. In 1996, a new accuracy standard began to be applied - 2.0, which was the main reason that they began to change induction meters to electronic ones.
- “Tariff” is an important detail when calculating for consumption. Previously, all devices were only single-tariff, calculated at a single price per kW. Modern devices involve accounting for consumption not only by time of day, but even by time of year. Their price depends on the model and the type of tariff.
Any meter has a certain period - an inter-verification interval, after which the meter must be verified.
For induction it is 8 years, and for electronic models it is 16 years. If damage or inaccuracies in the readings are found during verification, it will be necessary to dismantle and replace the device. When and at whose expense this will be done is decided on the spot with the consumer. Most customers, after the expiration date, immediately order new counter, which will allow you to avoid unnecessary costs in the future.
Why is it necessary to change electricity meters?
After a certain time, the meters have to be changed. This may be a planned replacement after verification, or repairs may be made. All these procedures are mandatory and must be carried out in accordance with current legal regulations.
In this regard, the consumer has questions about how to properly replace the device, and how much it will cost. The main reasons why it is necessary to change:
- The device is about to expire;
- verification has not been carried out for more than two years;
- a certain breakdown - a crack in the glass, the disk does not rotate, the error is more than 2.5);
- improvement of the device;
Those meters that are approved and meet the standards are suitable for recording electricity consumption. The choice of a meter should be entrusted to a specialist who will take into account everything when choosing a device necessary subtleties– type of electrical wiring in the house, existing power, condition of internal wiring. Consideration of technical capabilities will also be important:
- what type of connection - direct connection to a circuit or transformer;
- what type of meter – single-phase or three-phase;
- what consumption accounting structure is single-tariff or multi-tariff;
- what is the meter model?
Who pays for the meter replacement?
The question of how the meters can be replaced at whose expense worries many. The owner is responsible for ensuring that the device is intact and working properly. If the housing is privatized, the owner will bear all financial costs for installation and maintenance. If the housing is not owned, all costs will be paid by the city government.
If the device is located outside the apartment, for example, on staircase, it is the property of the house, and all questions about at whose expense the device will be replaced should be asked to the management company.
Replacing a Mosenergosbyt electricity meter may be free for certain groups of the population. These include preferential categories - veterans of the Great Patriotic War, large families, people with low income. If a planned replacement occurs, the device is under warranty from the manufacturer. Mosenergosbyt can also make a replacement free of charge, but sometimes the invoice for payment may only be for the work of the master.
Replacement of an electric meter by Mosenerggosbyt
The energy sales company must replace electricity consumption meters. PJSC Mosenergosbyt - Russian company, which sells a large percentage of electrical energy. Our highly experienced specialists are aware of all the intricacies; they will quickly and efficiently install the electric meter and provide a guarantee for the device itself and its operation. The specialist will competently dismantle the old meter, take the last readings of the device, and after replacement, put a seal and compile required document. All payments for electricity, according to the new meter, are carried out after it is registered and sealed.
In order to make a replacement, an application is required. You can apply for it in several ways - leave it on the company’s website, write an application at the Mosenergosbyt office, or sign up over the phone.
PJSC Mosenergosbyt mainly installs electricity meters of the Mercury and Energomer brands. These species are characterized by high technical parameters, they perfectly combine modern appearance, they combine modern design and required characteristics. These multi-tariff meters have a special built-in memory, which makes it possible to accumulate and save all formats and parameters in memory during a power outage.
If it is necessary to replace the meter or transfer it to multi-tariff metering, a specialist can do this in one visit. To replace the metering device, it is necessary to carry out a number of additional works:
- dismantling the old electric meter;
- installation and assembly of a new multi-tariff device;
- research of a programmed device for multi-tariff metering;
- control of the correctness of the connection and switching scheme;
- sealing the electric meter.
One of the newfangled ones is a meter with a built-in GSM modem, with the help of which it will be possible to take readings of electricity consumption from a distance.
The installation procedure itself is not very different from installing a regular meter; the specialist will additionally install a SIM card, then make settings, check the connection with the base station and the main computer. Modern device With a GSM modem, no additional conditions are required; it is installed quite simply, like a regular consumption meter.
After installing the meter, or when replacing the old device with a new one, the specialist must leave the client a package of documents - an agreement between the consumer and Mosenergosbyt PJSC, an act of provision of services, a passport for the electrical device.
Electricity meters, with which consumers record their electricity consumption, are designed for all customers. They can be primitive - induction, or modern - electronic, having the necessary technical requirements, having various modifications, be multi-tariff. Also, installation and replacement can be carried out either at the consumer’s expense or free of charge, at the expense of Mosenergosbyt PJSC.
Meters designed for accounting and tariffication of electricity have been used for more than 100 years. Currently, all used devices can be divided into induction and electronic devices. Low cost and the simplicity of meters built on the principles of inductance contributed to their great popularity since the 20s of the last century. However, such devices are now being replaced electronic devices due to the growth in power of household electrical appliances, improvements in electricity metering methods, and the use of several tariff plans.
How often should the electric meter in an apartment be changed?
When to change the electricity meter. Photo
According to regulations, the service life of an electric meter is limited by device failure or the end date of the calibration interval, which is 16 years. After this, the metrology service gives an opinion on the possibility of using the device in the future.
Currently, Gosenergonadzor authorities are installing new equipment, even if the deadline for replacing electric meters is far from the deadline for verification. This decision is regulated by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated May 4, 2012, number 422, according to which the amount of energy used must be metered with devices with an accuracy of at least class 2. Replacement of faulty devices or electricity meters with expired service life is carried out at the expense of the owner of the residential premises (Article 210 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation).
In the case where tariff devices are not the personal property of consumers, but are installed in places common use, then the costs of their operation, replacement and repair are borne by the organization or owner on whose balance these devices are located. If the service life of such an electric meter has come to an end, then its replacement is regulated by clause 2 of Art. 543 and Art. 210 GK, Federal law number 261 and Government Decree number 354 (August 27, 2012).
Types of meters for metering electrical energy
Currently, the amount of electricity consumed is recorded by meters:
- induction type;
- electronic devices.
Induction meters use the principle of magnetic induction, thanks to which current-carrying coils act on a movable metal disk with their electromagnetic field. The number of its revolutions is used to judge the amount of energy expended. The shelf life of such electricity meters is limited, since their design includes moving parts.
Modern electronic meters are free from this drawback, since they record electricity based on pulses generated by discrete elements when exposed to them electric current. Thanks to the elemental base of such electricity meters, their shelf life is practically unlimited, and in addition, modern electronic filling provides ample opportunities for accounting automation.
Service life of electricity meters
Tariffs for used electrical energy
It is no secret that the cost of electricity at night is several times different from the daytime price. Depending on whether a constant tariff is used or the cost of energy varies depending on the time of day, single-tariff or multi-tariff meters are used. The latter can be configured taking into account day or night, weekdays or weekends, holidays, etc. As a rule, single-tariff electricity meters have more long term suitability due to simplified design.
Requirements for installing the meter
In addition to compliance of the meter with the register of approved devices, the installation of the device must be carried out in accordance with the following standards:
- distance from the floor - no higher than 1.70 m;
- the device must be rigidly attached to the panel and installed in a container or cabinet;
- the height from the floor to the contact pad of the device should be in the range from 0.80 m to 1.70 m;
- electrical wiring to the device must be of a continuous type (without twisting or soldering);
- It is necessary to ensure free access to the meter for reading, replacement and repair.
Energonadzor specialists have the right to check the condition of the seals and verify the readings. The period for replacing electricity meters in an apartment is determined in accordance with the current regulatory framework.
Electric meter SO-505
The SO-505 electric meter is an inductive type device and is designed for electricity metering in networks with maximum current up to 40 A. Modification SO-505T has a telemetric output for connecting to automated system electricity metering. The service life of the SO-505 electric meter is 32 years. Price: 720 rub.
Electric meter Mercury 201
The device is designed for electricity metering at one tariff in single-phase networks with a voltage of 220 V and a maximum operating current of 60 to 80 A (depending on the modification). The Mercury 201 electricity meter is designed for a service life of about 30 years and is sold at a price of 900 rubles.
Electric meter Mercury-200
Electronic multi-tariff meter Mercury-200 is designed for metering electricity in single-phase network and allows the use of 4 tariffs, regardless of the schedule holidays. The service life of the Mercury 200 device is at least 30 years, and the price of the electric meter as of December 2015 is 1,850 rubles.
Electric meter Energomera TsE6803V
The Energomera TsE6803V device is designed for single-tariff electricity metering in three-phase networks. The accuracy class of the electric meter is first. A special feature of the device is the remote control remote control and telemetry output. Operation of electricity meters TsE6803V is possible for 30 years. The cost of the device is 8500 rubles.
Modern electricity meters have become more accurate than their previous counterparts and operate with current transmission up to 60 amperes. Considering the fact that 2.5 accuracy models are already considered obsolete, today it is advisable to replace them with higher accuracy models, for example, 2.0 or 1.0. However, this is not the reason why owners are forced to change meters. In practice, such replacements are carried out once every sixteen years.
Answers to questions about what is the service life of an electric meter and when it is necessary to change the electric meter can be found in government regulations of the Russian Federation. The provisions are most clearly reflected in Article 543 of the Civil Code. It says, in particular, that the owner, who is an individual and using energy resources exclusively for domestic purposes, is not responsible for the technical condition of metering devices. This is managed by the energy organization. However, in practice, responsibilities for maintaining equipment are often shifted to the owners. real estate or to management companies that act on behalf of residents.
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Must be dismantled
For citizens living in an apartment, the location of installation of electricity meters does not matter. Regardless of whether they are installed inside a living space or installed on a staircase, electricity meters remain the personal property of homeowners. An exception may be other conditions stipulated by the contract in due order.
Cases in which replacement is required:
In the event that the owner of a residential property discovers that the meter has expired, he is obliged to officially, that is, in writing, notify the utility provider, be it a management company or an energy organization. Next, within two weeks it is necessary to replace the unusable device. If you do not do this on time, you will have to pay for the consumed service at tariffs with an increasing coefficient.
How to arrange everything correctly?
There may be several reasons why an electric meter is changed, as mentioned earlier. However, whatever the reason, the sequence of actions generally remains the same. Typically, a real estate owner will need:
If you violate the established procedure described above, you should be prepared for the fact that you will have to pay a fine very soon.
Selecting a metering device
Choosing new electricity meter, the owner is primarily guided by the recommendations received from the energy company in terms of required models. However, the role of the owner does not end there. You also have to make a choice about how accurate a device to buy. The optimal solution will be 1.0 or 0.5 - these are indicators of the accuracy class of the equipment, which are indicated on them right above (the number circled).
Having determined the accuracy, you need to make sure that the meter is included in the list of the state register of foreign metering devices, has passed quality certification, and is also approved for operation on the territory of the Russian Federation. The selected equipment must be sealed by government trustees with the date and stamp of the inspection.
It is also important to pay attention to when the electricity meters were manufactured. This nuance is of considerable importance, since between the date of manufacture of the equipment and the date of its installation in the room there should not be a time gap of more than two years for single-phase devices and no more than one year for three-phase meters.
The last thing the owner needs to decide on is the location where the new meter will be installed. It doesn't have to be the same place where the old electric meter was before.
Who should I coordinate with?
After it has been determined how long after the electricity meter needs to be changed as planned or a reason for early replacement has been discovered, the owner needs to decide where he will go to install it. The law does not establish strict restrictions in this matter.
Where to go to replace the light meter:
- To any specialized organization engaged in electrical installation work;
- To the management company responsible for electrical intra-house system apartment building;
- IN network organization if the house is private;
- To an electrician friend with whom mandatory a contract is required;
- Replace the meter yourself if you have the appropriate qualifications and specialized education.
When the equipment has been completely changed, the mandatory procedure is to put the new meter into operation. This can be done through your management company or energy organization. As soon as everything necessary work will be carried out, the owner will be given a certificate confirming the fact of replacing the meter, signed by all parties to the procedure.
Who owns the property?
No less important nuance in covering the issue of replacing electric meters is the form of ownership of residential real estate, which most concerns apartments. If we are talking about privatized, personal property, there is full responsibility for the metering devices, financial expenses the purchase of equipment and its installation falls directly on the homeowner. This fact is usually fixed in an agreement with the energy or management company. Responsibility for late replacement, inspections, and lack of notifications will have to be borne to the fullest extent of the law. Once the responsible authority becomes aware of a violation, fines are issued.
In social apartments, the responsibility for electricity meters, referring to the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, lies with the municipality. This rule has not changed for decades and is unlikely to ever be changed, since the tenant under a social tenancy agreement is not the owner of the property. These rules also do not depend on the number of years lived in the apartment.
However, not many people know that the same municipal authorities, taking advantage of the ignorance of citizens, quite legally shift their obligations onto residents, indicating the relevant clauses in the contract, which, unfortunately, few people read carefully.
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Every year the population uses everything in their families large quantity various household electrical appliances. At the same time, when buying another powerful unit, we simply rejoice at the purchase, not paying attention to the low throughput meter installed in the apartment. This especially affects old-style electric meters, which have an accuracy class of 2.5 and are not subject to verification. If they receive significant overloads, they can cause a fire, because it is in them that most often occurs short circuit. Thus, the old-style meter really puts the lives and property of citizens at risk.
Electricity meters: operating hours
According to their own technical specifications the mechanisms of each device operate in a standard mode within a certain period of time. For a meter, this time period is the interval between verifications. Only at this time the values measured by him are correct and correspond to reality. At the end of the period, a technical check of the electric meter is carried out to ensure its compliance necessary requirements, in other words - state verification.
A very large part of the housing stock in former USSR built in the early 60s - late 80s. In all these houses, old-style meters were installed, the service life of which has now expired a long time ago. Due to purely mechanical wear, they cannot accurately record energy consumption data. And here there must be, first of all, the interest of the meter owner so that the readings are reliable, because it is based on them that the calculation for the consumed electricity is made.
In addition, old meters themselves are low-ampere, and they cannot cope with modern energy-intensive loads household appliances. Therefore, now, more and more often, many people have a need to install more modern and accurate electricity meters with an accuracy class of 2.0.
Do I need to replace the electric meter with a new one?
IN Lately very often during routine inspections it is revealed a large number of old electricity meters with serious deviations from the norm: from mechanical 
damage until the expiration date has expired. As a result of such checks, their replacement is recommended. If the recommendations are not followed, all electricity consumed is calculated according to the power of the devices installed in the apartment. For the consumer, such a calculation is much more expensive than purchasing and. Installation and sealing of metering devices is carried out by a representative of the organization - the electricity supplier.
At self-installation, an invited specialist must check the installation of the metering circuit. When correct installation diagrams, the metering device is sealed, after which its operation is permitted. In addition, the specialist draws up a replacement report and takes initial readings of the electric meter. Only after all these measures have been carried out, payment for the consumed electricity will be made according to the readings of the new meter.