Each of us has a desire to have our own personal fortress - a durable home in which it would be warm and cozy. Quite popular among developers in 2018 are architectural projects houses made of ceramic blocks.
To provide yourself with such a home, you need to select building materials with knowledge of the technology of their use. Any violation of it can negatively affect the properties of the materials for which it was decided to buy it.
This material will be useful, first of all, to developers for whom house projects made from ceramic blocks are a priority, as well as to anyone who is, in principle, interested in houses made from blocks (photos, diagrams, preliminary designs, drawings and videos can be viewed in this section of the catalog) and the properties of this masonry material.
Author's and standard plans for block house projects: main technical parameters of ceramic products
Ceramic products are made from raw materials such as clay. It provides the blocks with the following individual features:
- Good thermal protection properties provided by the porous structure of the material, as well as the ability to accumulate solar heat inside a block house (projects and sketches can be viewed in this section). Single layer wall differs in heat transfer equal to 0.29 W/m2K.
- Optimal costs: having excellent thermal protection, masonry made of ceramic blocks does not require insulation, which significantly reduces cost estimates.
- Comfort: Breathable blocks provide a comfortable air environment in residential cottages due to the balance of humidity in the room.
- Reliability: the strength of buildings made of ceramic blocks makes it possible to implement plans for houses made of blocks in areas with increased seismic hazard.
- Fireproof properties: by firing the blocks during manufacturing, their fire resistance increases, reaching 4 hours.
Planning house projects from blocks: how to avoid common mistakes when implementing it on a turnkey basis
Forewarned is forearmed! Often the process of laying walls of private houses from ceramic blocks is accompanied by annoying mistakes that can seriously reduce the expected quality finished designs. The following rules will help you avoid technology violations.
- To cut blocks, it is allowed to use only specialized tools. This will eliminate the possibility of products breaking and keep the thickness of masonry joints (cold bridges) within acceptable limits (8-15 mm).
- A house made of blocks will be warm if there are no brick linings in the walls. Ordinary brick will significantly increase the thermal conductivity of the wall.
- Since the insulation is characterized by a minimum thickness of 80 mm, it is important to leave a gap in the masonry walls of at least this value for high-quality installation of the insulating layer of monolithic products (ceilings, lintels).
- The durability of the masonry is ensured by constructing a horizontally level foundation base. If the deviations in height are insignificant, it is better to level them with a cement-sand screed. Fine-grained concrete is a good option for leveling significant differences.
- It is forbidden to neglect dressings in masonry made of ceramic blocks.
- If the layout of block houses involves the construction of internal walls and partitions, then make them from the same ceramic blocks that were purchased for the device external walls, inappropriate. This is a direct increase in construction costs.
- It is important to fill vertical joints with mortar only if there are no ridges in the products and or the gap between them is more than 5 mm.
- When preserving, be sure to cover plastic film masonry of ceramic blocks even during a short-term suspension of construction due to waterlogging of the material by precipitation.
So, in order for new houses made of ceramic blocks to be reliable, it is important to ensure that the technology is followed, as well as the experience and qualifications of the construction team. To create an original image of a house for a separate price, the client can order the design of houses made of blocks, an individual project block house turnkey and a number of other additions.
Enjoy your viewing and selection!
The construction of modern housing, especially individual and low-rise housing, cannot ignore modern developments in the field of building materials. These include foam concrete, from which building blocks are made.
Advantages of foam blocks and production principles
Due to the fact that foam concrete has high performance properties, foam block houses are becoming increasingly popular. Foam concrete blocks belong to those materials from which a house can be built quickly, but at the same time it is aesthetically attractive and durable. The composition of the foam block is optimal for any type of construction.
Foam concrete blocks are quite cheap building material. The process of their manufacture does not involve the use of expensive components and equipment, as a result of which the technology becomes very economical.
Foam blocks are produced by mixing cement, sand and water. The blocks acquire a porous structure due to the addition of special chemical reagents. The use of simple block manufacturing technology significantly reduces the cost of building houses.
The price of a foam block house is much lower than that of a similar one made of brick or wood. In addition, such a house was built in more short time and significant savings are still possible when laying the foundation. Projects of houses made of foam blocks on 2 floors are especially popular at present, due to more rational use living space. The thermal conductivity of the foam block is quite low.
Ready-made projects of 2-story houses made of foam blocks are very diverse, and choosing any specific one is quite difficult.
Why do you need a foam block house project?
Project 2 storey building made of foam blocks is a plan that contains all necessary information for construction. Or holding preliminary analysis all space-planning solutions, in other words - a sketch.
Many people believe that to build a house from foam blocks, it is enough to look at similar solutions and then do everything with their own hands.
What is the relevance of the project?
The project of a 2-story house made of foam blocks is relevant due to design features material, consisting of the following:
- Foam concrete blocks are quite fragile material, so some design measures are required to reduce concentrated loads. If these parameters are not taken into account, the service life will be sharply reduced.
- The foam block has different characteristics and sizes. And for different projects used Various types foam concrete. If you do not consult with professional specialists, you can build a house that is not of the same quality.
- The thermal conductivity of foam concrete blocks also varies, which leads to the fact that in one climatic region one type of insulation is used, while in another it may not be necessary at all.
Therefore, there is a need to constantly have with you during construction a project that is made specifically for foam concrete blocks.
What is a house project
Projects of 2-storey houses made of foam blocks can be executed in two ways:
- Sketch, used to define the general concept and select a specific house layout. Most often it represents overall plan And beautiful picture, where there are no dimensions or any marks.
- Completely finished project, containing dimensions, special marks, and technical solutions all construction aspects.
The choice is determined by what stage the preparation for building a house is at.
Tip: This article demonstrates some projects of 2-story houses made of foam blocks, which you can familiarize yourself with. Well, they should be used with certain adjustments, based on your construction conditions.
Selecting a project based on number of storeys
The number of storeys is very important characteristic house built from foam blocks.
Attention: Determining the number of floors must be done on the actual initial stage, in order to more accurately determine the layout of the house and to more accurately calculate the required material.
One-story houses made of foam concrete blocks are not widespread in construction, and this is primarily due to the fact that the main deterrent factor is the building area.
Choosing designs for houses made of foam blocks - 2 floor projects enjoy in great demand, which is based on the fact that such houses are more practical and compact. But it must be said that in some cases it is necessary to have an additional frame, the role of which is to redistribute the load.
Related articles:
We build a house from foam concrete blocks
The proposed instructions consider the option that the foundation has already been poured and leveled to zero. And a story about how to build 2 storey house from foam blocks, begins directly with the laying of the first row.
- When starting the process of laying blocks, the surface of the foundation must be covered with a layer of waterproofing. This can be done with roofing felt, waterproofing material or other material with a bitumen base.
- For final horizontal alignment, the first row of blocks is placed on cement-sand mortar. The corner blocks are placed first, and they are guided by them, like beacons, when laying the rest.
Caution: These blocks must be carefully controlled for their verticality and horizontality, due to their angular location. Control is carried out using a building level and a plumb line. The blocks must be adjusted using a rubber mallet.
- A cord is stretched from one corner block to another, along which they are guided when laying the blocks of the row.
- All subsequent rows are laid with special glue. The fact is that when using the same solution, the interblock seams turn out to be thick, which leads to the formation of cold bridges in the wall. The use of glue reduces the seams to 3 mm.
- Begin laying the first and next rows also from the corners. There must be a dressing ranging from 8 to 15 cm. Everything else is done exactly the same as for the first row.
- To compensate for deforming loads, foam concrete masonry must be reinforced. Every third or fourth row is reinforced with two reinforcement lines with a diameter of 8 mm. Jumpers over doors and windows must also be reinforced.
- Very important point is installation interfloor ceilings. To create a reliable and durable support, a special armored belt is made.
It is a monolithic reinforced concrete strip running along both the external and load-bearing walls located inside the house. The same reinforced belt is also erected on top of the box, under the roof. The rafter structure will rest on it.
Completion of construction
After the walls are laid out, it is mounted roof structure, according to the house design, window and door units are installed. As for insulation, it is not necessary to do it from the inside, although it is possible. The fact is that internal insulation It will occupy, albeit a small, but still some part of the premises.
Most often, such a building is insulated from the outside, and the insulation is included in one or another version of the facade system. The most popular option is hinged ventilated facades, which allow walls to be insulated. It is possible to use plaster facade systems, also with insulation.
Conclusion
It is quite possible to build a 2-story house from foam concrete blocks on your own; you just need to be patient and strictly follow the chosen project and comply with all technologies. In the video presented in this article you will find additional information on this topic.
Total area of the house: 112.9 m2
Number of storeys: two floors
Material: aerated blocks, brick
Project of a two-story house made of blocks: general data
Project of a two-story house made of aerated blocks
Part two-story block house project included following materials: facade, foundation plan, sections, explication of premises, explanatory note architect, roof plan, first and second floor plan, rafter plan, as well as many other materials.
Such project of a two-story house made of blocks suitable for construction both in the city and in rural areas, because it has a universal modern design.
Construction of a two-story house from blocks according to the project
Project for the construction of a two-story block house designed for work in the III region (III in the subdistrict) according to SNiP 2.01.01.-82. The estimated winter outside air temperature is minus 19 C.
The calculated value of the weight of snow cover for region II according to SNKK 20-303-2002 is 1.2 kPa. The calculated value of wind pressure for region IV according to SNKK 20-303-2002 is 0.67 kPa. The calculated seismicity of the site is 7 points. Freezing depth - 0.8 m.
By project of a two-story house made of blocks The level of the finished floor of the 1st floor is taken as the relative level of 0.000.
The walls are erected from a small piece block 400x400x200 with the installation of insulation and red cladding facing bricks M75 on M50 mortar with the addition of plasticizers and special additives that increase the strength of the normal adhesion of the brick to the mortar.
Organization and technology brickwork see SNKK 22-301-2000, paragraph 6. Reinforce walls in accordance with units according to series 2.130-6s, issue. 1. Partitions two-story house according to the project made of ordinary brick M75, with M50 mortar. For fastening door frames When laying partitions and walls, provide for the installation of antiseptic wooden plugs measuring 120x120x65 mm, three pieces on one side. Wooden structures and products in contact with stone and metal structures, insulate with roofing felt or polyethylene film. All wooden elements impregnated with antiseptics and fire retardants. Around the building, make an asphalt blind area 20 mm thick, 1000 mm wide on a compacted crushed stone base 100 mm thick.
Production and acceptance of work should be carried out in accordance with current standards and rules for relevant types of work.
Connection to engineering networks coordinate with district engineering services construction of a two-story house according to the project.
So, you have a great opportunity download free project of a two-story house made of blocks.
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Gas silicate blocks They are actively used in the construction of low-rise buildings, since the quality and price of this material can satisfy even the most demanding customer. This material is used in the construction of various buildings, since the properties of the building material allow construction to be carried out in a short time and at minimal cost.
The Empire company builds block two-story houses from gas silicate with the hands of highly qualified, experienced specialists. Trust the professionals and you will get a cozy, comfortable home in short time. Projects two-story houses of the blocks provide functional layout and attractive design.
Advantages of two-story houses made of gas silicate blocks
Gas silicate blocks have valuable properties, which makes them an indispensable material for construction:
- light weight compared to brick
- ecological cleanliness
- low construction costs (less time to work, no cement mortar required)
- the configuration allows you to create a thin-seam structure
- ability to withstand low temperatures
- higher sound insulation compared to brickwork.
How to build block two-story houses from gas silicate?
Laying of gas silicate blocks can be done without interruption. It is possible to build a building from aerated concrete several times faster than from brick. For interior walls use thinner blocks than for external ones, but not less than 250 mm thick. The blocks are installed on a special layer that prevents moisture penetration.
According to the rules, the first layer is placed on the solution. For further installation, use a special non-toxic glue. To ensure that the blocks are perfectly even, they are adjusted and polished.
When constructing two-story block houses, reinforcement is used. It is installed in the corners, as well as every 2-4 rows, in accordance with a previously developed project.
Why have aerated concrete buildings become so popular?
The attractiveness of block two-story houses lies in their economic profitability and high reliability. No finishing required large quantity different materials. Those who have big family, often cannot afford to afford a two-story brick house, so it’s worth paying attention to projects of two-story houses made of blocks. V.A.Imperia employees will help in the selection the best option, taking into account the characteristics of the construction site and the client’s wishes.
Zoning a house on two floors suggests itself. Downstairs there is usually a daytime area - living room, kitchen, dining room; on the second floor there are bedrooms and children's rooms. However, the standard layout should not confuse you, since in our catalog you can find the most non-standard options, which will suit even those who are not used to following the majority. The construction material can be different; designs of two-story houses made of foam blocks and aerated concrete, wood and brick are common, there are combined buildings, where, along with the brick lower tier, there is a wooden upper tier. The main thing is that designers make optimal use of the characteristics of a particular material, as is usually the case in finished projects. Such a house can serve as a permanent home for big family, and a country residence on summer period. In any case, there will always be enough space for all friends and relatives. Should we consider projects of two-story houses or houses with an attic? The answer to this question is not obvious. Remember that for all your aesthetic appeal big and warm attic not much cheaper full floor. Well, the full second floor is certain conditions allows you to use even the roof wisely. For example, the high-tech style in some cases provides for a usable roof where there is a terrace for walks or friendly gatherings.
Projects of two-story houses: what is important to remember
Before making the final choice in favor of a two-story house, it is worth considering whether the site allows for the construction of such a structure. On some soils such construction is contraindicated. Developing a project of this type structure, it is important to calculate its mass as accurately as possible, since the type of foundation will depend on this. An experienced designer even takes into account the wind rose on the site. In terms of layout, designs for two-story houses made of foam blocks leave more room for imagination. So, on the ground floor it is convenient to place a garage or workshop, a kitchen with a storage room, and a boiler room. On the second floor you can allocate space not only for sleeping, but also for working and spending leisure time together. There are especially many layout options if you order individual documentation, but this option is more expensive and architects will have to work on it for a considerable time. In our catalog you can find houses of different sizes (8x8, 9x9, 10x10), with different wall materials, including modern - aerated concrete and foam block, expanded clay concrete and ceramic block. You will also find many ideas for external and interior decoration premises and roofing. You can choose almost any materials and any existing styles. Any requests will be satisfied here, whether you dream of a house with a garage, an attic or even a sauna.