A boiler is a type of water heater that operates on the principle of heating accumulated water. The boiler consists of a tank that holds and heats water, as well as a pump and heating device. Boilers operate according to the following algorithm: using a pump, the tank is filled cold water, after which the heating device automatically starts and the heating process begins. The heating temperature is set manually by the user. When the water temperature in the tank reaches the set value, the boiler automatically stops working. you will be offered a wide selection of water heaters various designs, but equally high quality and affordable.
Warm water in the tank begins to cool over time if it is not used. In this case, the boiler automatically starts and maintains the set temperature. Therefore, it is important to remember that in order to maintain the set water temperature, the boiler constantly operates, consuming electricity or gas.
Some users, in order to save money, turn off the device after use. However, this is not very effective technique, since for heating cold water You need at least an hour of time. The boiler begins to consume energy intensively, and sometimes the consumption is greater than during continuous operation of the device.
U storage boiler there is a significant advantage: you can set any water temperature, regardless of the jet power. What can't be said about instantaneous boilers. Also, any wiring can withstand the operation of a storage boiler.
Features of choosing an electric and gas boiler
Boilers can use different energy sources. Based on this, they can be classified into:
- gas;
- electrical;
- solid fuel;
- working on the principle of indirect heating.
Today, solid fuel boilers are practically not used, since modern apartments are not designed to support their operation.
The most common types are gas and electric. They have their own operating characteristics.
- Electric boilers operate from a simple electrical network. They have low power - up to 3 kW and do not require connection to an enhanced power line.
- Gas water heaters have a fairly high power - 4 - 6 kW, so their operation will require twice as much energy consumed. However, water heating occurs several times faster in time.
- Gas water heaters are considered more economical option, since it takes a little time to heat the water. In addition, electricity is more expensive than gas.
- Installing a gas boiler is a complex and expensive process. In this regard electric water heaters win.
- For installation gas boilers a chimney is required. Depending on what kind of combustion chamber is used (closed or open type) depends on how difficult the boiler installation will be.
All people who have ever encountered individual heating systems in the world are more or less familiar with equipment called AGV. Soviet times. Despite the collective image assigned to this abbreviation, AGV has a very clear decoding, which sounds like “gas water heating device.”
Today, AGV type devices are produced by many foreign manufacturers, and the quality of such products is very high level. The most popular models are AGV-120 and AGV-80. This article will discuss the main characteristics of AGVs and their features.
General description
Gas AGV boilers have always been characterized by rather low efficiency, but this is not so important if gas is the cheapest fuel. Old models of autonomous water heaters were equipped with very unreliable automation, which could completely fail within a few years. Of course, it could always be turned off, and this did not affect the performance of the boiler in any way - but positive emotions could not have arisen because of this.
When choosing an AGV for a private home, it is necessary to correctly select the number and sizes of main pipes. Their minimum diameter is two inches. If the diameter of the pipes is smaller, then, firstly, they bandwidth will not be enough, and secondly, there will be formations in the highway air jams and water swirls that interfere normal circulation liquids.
The use of wide pipes, in turn, leads to a significant increase in the amount of coolant in the circuit. A large volume of liquid means more energy spent on heating. This feature must be taken into account when designing a heating system powered by AGW.
There are several modifications standard models AGV. So, on the market you can find devices like AOGV - essentially the same AGV with a similar set negative qualities. The difference between a boiler and an AOGV will be discussed below. In addition, there is a modification of the AOCGV, which also does not have significant differences from the devices described above.
Advantages and disadvantages of AGV
Scroll positive qualities AGV looks like this:
- Independence from electricity. This quality is often fundamental when choosing an AGV. The equipment in question does not require electricity at all to operate, so it will fit perfectly in situations where there are problems with electricity, or if there is a desire to save money on it.
- Cheapness. Compared to any foreign analogues, AGV wins in everything related to the cost of equipment. This advantage remains such even taking into account the extremely low efficiency of autonomous gas water heaters.
- Economical. AGV is rightfully considered one of the most economical types gas heating equipment.
The disadvantages of AGV come down to the following list:
- Large sizes. To install an AGV, about 1 m 3 of space is required - and this is quite a lot. Often a separate room is allocated for the installation of such equipment.
- Appearance. From a visual point of view, AGV is a purely utilitarian thing that does not have the slightest aesthetic value. In addition to the unpresentable appearance of the heater itself, the heating system is necessarily complemented by large pipes and radiators, so to create good interior you have to be more sophisticated.
Operating principle of AGV
Main structural element AGV is a container in which the coolant is heated. When gas burns, a heat exchanger, made in the form of a pipe and installed inside the AGV housing, heats up. The heat from the heated pipe is transferred to the coolant, which is subsequently sent to the heating circuit.
Gas combustion products are discharged through a chimney built into the boiler design. All automation is a valve that opens gas burner. Thanks to the operation of the valve, the required temperature is constantly maintained in the tank.
AOGV boilers also have an automation unit that turns off the device in case of a number of problems:
- Traction disorder;
- Significant reduction in gas supply pressure;
- The igniter stops burning.
Immediately behind the AGV, the following elements of the heating system are installed sequentially:
- Expansion tank;
- Heating devices located in each room requiring heating;
- Main pipeline providing distribution of heated coolant;
- Upper pipe distribution;
- Return pipe.
To know how an AOGV gas boiler works, you need to imagine the physical laws that arise in heating system during his work. The heated coolant has a lower density, which allows it to independently rise above the cold liquid. The coolant enters the main pipeline and is distributed throughout heating devices, gives off heat to them, and returns to repeat the heating cycle.
In AOGV boilers, the liquid moves by gravity, without any additional effort. If during the heating process the coolant expands too much, then its excess is drained into the expansion tank. This element is installed on the uppermost section of the heating circuit. When the temperature in the circuit decreases, the coolant returns to the OGV gas boiler.
To increase the efficiency of the system and make it more stable, you can supplement the AGV circulation pump, which forces the coolant to move forcibly and ensures more uniform heating of all sections of the circuit. It must be remembered that the pump requires electricity to operate - and the main advantage of the AGV is its independence from electricity.
AGV modifications
Considering the variety of modifications of gas water heating devices on the market, it is worth understanding how AOGV differs from gas boiler. Looking ahead a little, there is no fundamental difference between the devices; all the differences lie in small nuances.
If we talk in detail, then everything that distinguishes an AOGV from a boiler comes down to the following points:
- Glass thermometers have been replaced with modern Italian components;
- Honeywell products began to be used as automation elements;
- The design is supplemented with a piezo ignition device;
- The last difference between the AOGV and the boiler is that the appearance of modern modifications has been slightly improved, for which a higher quality coating has been used.
Foreign-made AGV
Foreign autonomous gas water heaters differ from domestic analogues in higher cost, increased efficiency and dependence on electricity. The most popular are AGV brands BAXI, FERROLI, characterized by good visual qualities and the ability to fine-tune, as well as RINNAI and ANIERIA, which have ease of operation and reliability in their arsenal of advantages.
However, despite all the advantages of foreign units, domestic ones still have significant advantage– complete energy independence. In addition, AGVs produced in the domestic space are much cheaper in themselves, and from the point of view of efficiency they are better.
Features of operation
During the installation, operation and use of the AGV boiler, the following nuances arise:
- When the device starts up, a characteristic bang occurs (in the most modern devices it is practically silent);
- The AGV chimney must be installed at a certain distance from windows and doors;
- A garbage container must be installed under the chimney, which must be cleaned every time the boiler is installed;
- Only gas service employees can install and put the boiler into operation;
- When installing the device, the requirements described in the documentation supplied with it must be observed.
Conclusion
AGV gas boilers are still relevant, despite the fact that they were developed a very long time ago. It's all about large quantities advantages, the main one among which is complete independence from electricity - for the domestic space this quality still remains very important.
Using gas in private households allows you to significantly save on heating, hot water and cooking. Despite all the economic crises, blue fuel remains the cheapest energy source.
But what is better - a gas tank or main gas - to choose for your home? Each of these gas supply methods has its own advantages and price. To make the right choice, you need to take into account all the nuances of both cottage gasification schemes.
For ordinary people who are far from oil and gas production, an analysis of all the nuances of the “gas” issue in detail often causes headache. There is natural, liquefied, bottled, compressed, main gas, etc. Plus there are a bunch of abbreviations (CNG, LNG, LPG, GMT, APG). And all this is about the fuel that we use in everyday life to heat water (coolant) and cook.
It is quite difficult to understand all types of this fuel, so familiar to many Russians, from scratch.
It is necessary to clearly distinguish between natural gas in the main pipeline and liquefied gas in a gas tank - they have different characteristics and composition
As such natural gas, extracted from the bowels of the earth, is a mixture of:
- methane;
- heavy hydrocarbons (ethane, propane, butane, etc.);
- hydrogen and hydrogen sulfide;
- water vapor;
- nitrogen;
- helium and other inert gases.
Depending on the deposit, the share of the first component in this mixture reaches 70–98%.
However, the “natural gas” that enters apartments and houses through pipes is methane, already purified from impurities, with a tiny amount of odorant (a substance with a sharp unpleasant smell, facilitating leak detection). It is unsafe to supply the entire mixture extracted from the ground through gas pipelines for domestic needs without treatment. It contains many explosive and harmful components. It’s easier and safer to purify methane from everything else.
After purification at the field, this purely methane gas enters the gas transportation system (GTS). And from it, through gas distribution and compressor stations, it is supplied through gas pipelines, first to settlements and then to consumers. This is how natural gas enters private homes and city apartments to be burned in gas stoves, boilers and boilers.
In addition to combustion in gas boilers and stoves, methane is also used as gas motor fuel (GMF), it is safer than a propane-butane mixture and half the price of gasoline
The gas in the apartment and the gas fuel based on methane are identical in composition. However, the first “flows” through the pipes in a gaseous state. But the second one is pumped into car cylinders in a form compressed to a pressure of 200–220 bar. This type of gas motor fuel is called compressed fuel (CNG). This is what is sold at Gazprom gas stations.
At the same time, there is also LPG (liquefied petroleum gas), which is also often used for filling into cars. But it no longer consists of methane, but of a mixture of propane and butane. More on that later - this is exactly what is pumped into the gas tanks.
The methane class also includes natural gases:
- LNG (liquefied).
- APG (adsorbed).
The first, to simplify transportation and storage, is liquefied by cooling at minus 160 0 C. It is this that is transported in huge tankers across the oceans.
The second option is methane, which is adsorbed on a solid porous sorbent. Unlike LNG, its storage does not require equipment to maintain ultra-low temperatures. At the same time, the pressure in the container does not rise above 30–50 bar, so storing and transporting it is much easier and safer. However, this technology has not yet become widespread in Russia and the world, due to the high cost of producing the adsorbent.
What is the difference between gas holder (liquefied) fuel
A gas holder (GasHolder) is a banal tank for storing gas (propane + butane). It is pumped there in liquefied form. Then gradually this “liquid” turns into a gaseous state, increasing the pressure in the container. And already at the expense high pressure the gas is forced out of the reservoir into pipes for delivery into the house.
The use of propane and butane in gas holders is due to the presence of these gases in fairly large volumes and the simplicity of their liquefaction technology
In fact, butane and propane are by-products remaining after the separation of methane from “natural gas” raised from the depths. Their share in the mixture pumped out of the ground often reaches 30%. Plus, they are formed during the processing of associated gas, which comes out of wells along with oil. They have to either be burned in flares at the field, or find ways to use them in the energy sector.
Gas holders can be used for storage various gases. But for autonomous gas supply to private homes, it is customary to use equipment designed for a propane-butane mixture. It is also called liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). Liquefying methane for injection into such household containers is too expensive and unprofitable.
A mixture of liquefied propane and butane (LPG) differs in:
- winter;
- summer
Butane is cheaper than propane. But it freezes faster at negative atmospheric temperatures, so it is added to the winter mixture in smaller proportions. In winter, LPG is more expensive not because of the desire of power engineers to earn more, but because of the technological need to increase the percentage of expensive propane in it.
However, to purchase liquefied gas It's not worth it in the summer. IN winter period at severe frosts summer composition may “freeze”. It will not turn into ice, but it will change from a liquid to a gaseous state in smaller volumes.
The capacity of a gas tank is usually calculated so that there is enough hydrocarbon gas in it for six months of uninterrupted operation of everything installed in the cottage gas equipment
Gas holders are vertical and horizontal, and are also divided into:
- underground;
- aboveground.
In Russian climatic conditions It is recommended to mount only underground option. At low temperatures outdoors, liquefied propane-butane begins to evaporate less efficiently. It is easier to dig a deep pit so that the bottom of the gas tank is below the freezing level of the soil in the area. It is more expensive to insulate and artificially maintain the temperature parameters required for evaporation in the container by installing special evaporators.
Some “experts” claim that vertical gas holders have lower thermal efficiency compared to their horizontal counterparts. The evaporation mirror inside them is much smaller. And this is true. Smaller area liquid on top - less of it evaporates.
However, in vertical LPG tanks the evaporation process occurs at a slightly higher rate, which fully compensates for the smaller size of the “mirror”. The end result is almost the same. It’s not for nothing that in Scandinavia, where the climate is in many ways similar to Russia, they prefer to install gas tanks in a vertical design.
Comparison of gas from the main and gas tank
When comparing both options for gas supply to a private home, it is necessary to look at both the cost of purchasing a cubic meter of gas, as well as the cost of installing equipment and the cost of its subsequent operation. All parameters of both systems should be taken into account. At the same time, when choosing which is initially cheaper - a gas tank and main gas, it is necessary to analyze what is easier to repair and maintain.
The main advantage of a gas tank over gas from a pipe is high speed connection, if in the first case 1-3 days are enough, then in the second everything can drag on for many months
A gas holder is, first of all, complete autonomy in the energy supply of a private home. The main gas can be turned off at any time. From accidents to gas pipes on wires It is impossible to be fully insured. In this respect, piped blue fuel is similar to electricity. The general network collapsed, and the cottage found itself without electricity and gas supply. And gas holder fuel is always available. You just need to make sure the tank is full.
Factor #1: Connection cost
If you look at the average prices for connecting main gas and installing a gas tank, then the first option wins greatly. You can now connect a cottage to the gas main for 50-100 thousand rubles. If you choose the second method, you will have to spend about 200 thousand rubles on gas tank equipment alone. The larger it is, the more expensive it is. Plus installation and earthworks. But there are a number of nuances here.
If there is no gas main in the village, then a gas holder is an excellent way to heat a house. In terms of energy efficiency and fuel costs, LPG is many times superior to coal, firewood and electricity
The main problem with connecting main gas is the timing of all necessary work and approvals. If the village already has a pipe, then everything will happen relatively quickly and quite inexpensively. But if there are more than two hundred meters from the house to the highway, then there will be a lot of hassle with connecting.
To connect the cottage to the gas pipe, you must:
- Prepare gas consumption calculations.
- Apply for technical conditions.
- Get these specifications (takes up to a month).
- Prepare a project gas network in the house and from it to the highway (a couple more weeks).
- Conclude a connection agreement with gas workers by providing them with project documentation.
- Complete the installation of gas equipment (several days, provided that free installers are quickly found).
- A representative of the main methane supplier checks the operability of the equipment and wiring both inside and outside the house, followed by the conclusion of a service agreement (you can wait another month for this person’s arrival).
As a result, the minimum is 3-4 months. And this is if no problems arise during the approvals and installation process. Usually everything drags on for six months. If the village is not included in the regional gasification program, when many connection issues have already been resolved, then there is no point in dealing with this topic yourself. There will be a lot of headaches and going through various authorities.
But the process of gasifying a private house using a gas holder occurs in just 1–3 days. Private owners must obtain approval for the installation of such an installation on their land in supervisory authorities not required. You just need to dig a hole for the LPG tank, install it there and connect the pipes to it. All necessary sensors, control automation and valves are already included in the gas tank kit.
And one more nuance. The connection from the highway to the house can be done on almost any site. With a gas tank the situation is radically different. It must be removed at a certain distance from buildings, wells and roads. Not every estate is suitable for placing gas tank equipment, suitable place You may not be able to find one for the container.
Factor #2: Energy Efficiency and Cost of Maintenance
When analyzing expenses for gas fuel, it is necessary to separate the cubic capacity (displacement) of methane in the pipe and propane-butane LPG in the car delivering liquefied fuel to the customer. If you look at the price tag in rubles/m3, it turns out that main gas costs three to four times less than propane-butane.
However, in the first case, fuel is supplied in a gaseous state, and in the second, in a liquid state. As a result of evaporation, a liter of this “liquid” turns into 200–250 liters of gas. Moreover, here it is also necessary to take into account the ratio of propane and butane in the gas holder LPG. They have different densities.
On the one hand, mainline natural gas is cheaper than LPG for a gas tank in terms of cost per cubic meter, but on the other hand, it has a lower specific heat capacity
If we compare the calorie content of two types of gas fuel, then propane-butane will be ready to give a head start to methane. When burning one cube of a propane-butane mixture in a gaseous state, about 28 kW is released, while methane can produce only about 9 kW.
With an average calculation, a cottage of 100 square meters requires about 3000–3100 m 3 of methane or about 1000 m 3 of LPG per year for heating. At the same time, you will have to pay three to four times less for the first gas. As a result, it turns out that fuel costs for the year as a whole end up being approximately equal.
Maintenance of gas tanks and gas pipes from the main to the house is carried out by specialized organizations that also supply gas
According to the standards of the Ministry of Emergency Situations, main natural gas belongs to the 4th, safest category of explosive gas substances. But propane-butane is included in the more dangerous 2nd group. Even with small concentrations of LPG in a room, it can explode from the slightest spark.
Moreover, methane itself is light; during leaks, it rises under the flow and dissipates or goes into ventilation. But the propane-butane mixture is heavy and sinks to the floor or ground, gradually accumulating there to critical levels. From a safety point of view, main gas greatly outperforms tank gas. It is not for nothing that gas tanks are strictly forbidden to be installed next to wells and basements, where it can leak due to leaks from the tank.
To avoid problems with LPG, tanks for it and rooms with boilers are often equipped with special gas sensors. They instantly react to an increase in gas concentration, warning the home owner about potential problems. You shouldn't skimp on them.
Conclusions and useful video on the topic
The following selection of videos will help you understand all the nuances of choosing equipment for gasification of a cottage.
Connecting main gas step by step:
Advantages of autonomous gasification:
All the nuances of installing a gas tank:
In all respects, main gas for connection and consumption will cost less than LPG from a gas tank. This is especially true for the issue of initial expenses. But if there is no gas main near the house, then installing a pipe can also cost a pretty penny. Here it is better to prefer the option with a gas tank: it is expensive, but it is completely autonomous and with it you will not need to worry about accidents on the gas pipeline.
The sound of a shot from a gas pistol is significantly different from a combat one. Both in volume and in the nature of the sound. Because the speed of exhaust gases in military weapons is much higher. Gas pistols and revolvers can fire special rocket launchers. For this purpose, the kit includes a special attachment that is screwed into the barrel. A rocket launcher is inserted into it, a blank cartridge is loaded into a pistol or revolver and a shot is fired. The rocket launcher flies up 25-30 meters. Unfortunately, Russian models exclude the installation of these attachments, but in imported pistols this generally accepted rule. Like any other weapon, gas weapons are divided into pistols and revolvers. Pistols like more modern type weapons, are more comfortable to wear (in fact, this is a matter of taste). Reloading a pistol by inserting a new, pre-loaded magazine is easier and faster than inserting cartridges one at a time into a revolver, especially since you can always buy spare magazines and carry already loaded ones with you. Pistol magazines hold from 5 to 10 rounds. However, the same problems exist as with their combat counterparts. If the shot misfires or the cartridge is simply warped, then in order to continue shooting it will be necessary to spend some time to bring the pistol back into combat readiness. Fortunately this rarely happens. At least with the products of such reputable companies as Umarex, Colt, Browning, etc. Revolvers are a completely different matter. The problem of misfires in this type of weapon is solved instantly by simply pressing the trigger, which ensures automatic translation of the drum. The next cartridge is ready and you can continue shooting. This system itself is as old as the world and until now humanity has not invented anything more reliable. However, the revolver is considered less convenient when wearing (again, a matter of taste) and loading (5-6 rounds in the drum seem to be not enough for some). In a revolver there is a small gap at the junction of the barrel and the cylinder. There is an opinion that when fired, some of the gas leaks into it. However, the amount of leaking gas is so small that it cannot harm the owner of the revolver. The weapon itself, according to the principle of operation and appearance is an exact copy of any real-life combat pistol or revolver. Only function missing automatic shooting(for example, in Beretta models). A cartridge is charged, consisting of a cartridge case, capsule, powder and gas charge (in blank cartridges there is no gas charge). When fired, the firing pin hits the capsule, which ignites and sets fire to the gunpowder. The resulting pressure pushes the gas charge out of the weapon. A stream of gas flies out of the barrel, turning into a cloud. Depending on the caliber (barrel diameter), the range of the pistol is different. 8 mm - up to 2 meters 9 mm - up to 3.5 meters (11.43 mm) 45 caliber - up to 4 meters...
There are conditions without which daily life a person will not be considered fully comfortable.
First of all, this various systems life activities, which include heating and source hot water indoors.
The first designs that allowed for efficient heating interior spaces buildings date back to the times of the Ancient Roman Empire.
Initially, this process was used solid fuel(wood, coal, and so on), but the development of civilization has led to the possibility of using electricity, liquid fuel, solar energy, and natural gas for such purposes.
History of the development of gas boilers
The first mass production of gas equipment for heating water was established at the beginning of the 20th century in Germany.
The manufacturer was the Junkers company, which also used in its product an innovative technology at that time - an automatic control unit for the entire system.
The first domestic serial gas boiler appeared only in 1947. The model was produced under the name "Conord".
In world practice, the development of heating and water heating equipment depended on the availability of certain resources.
For example, in the USSR they produced mainly gas boilers, since fuel for them was and remains very affordable.
In Europe, models powered by electricity were more valued.
Products that run on diesel fuel have sold well in the United States, and lately and solar powered.
Varieties and types of gas boilers
Gas equipment is divided according to its functionality and installation location. In the first case, the boilers can be divided:
To single-circuit.
For dual-circuit ones.
In the second:
On wall type installation
On floor option operation.
Each of these types has own characteristics, which should be taken into account when choosing the required model.
Single-circuit gas boilers
The main feature of this option is that its purpose is only to work in a space heating system. If the owner of the model wishes to use installed equipment also as a source of hot water in the house, then he will have to incur additional financial expenses - he will need to buy a special boiler that can be connected to this gas boiler.
Double-circuit gas boilers
Such equipment, in addition to working in the heating system, is also a source of hot water. Naturally, a double-circuit boiler is more expensive than a single-circuit version, but it is almost always cheaper than a tandem consisting of a boiler and a single-circuit model.
However, it is worth noting double-circuit boiler a number of disadvantages:
How more quantity consumers of hot water, the less efficient such equipment is (it is recommended to count on a maximum of three people who consume heated liquid from the boiler). Consequently, in other situations, the installation of a boiler or other water heating equipment will still be required, which will lead to additional financial waste.
The further away the point of water consumption is, the longer it will take to wait for the liquid to reach an acceptable temperature. Typically, experts do not recommend placing consumer taps at a distance of more than 7 meters of pipe from the boiler. Exceeding this limit will lead to a fairly long wait, as well as wasted water that will have to be drained.
Unlike single-circuit double-circuit boilers make it possible to connect several models of equipment into one complete system at once, which is sometimes very convenient and effective
Wall-mounted gas boilers
The main advantages of this option:
Relative simplicity installation work.
Compact dimensions, which allows you to save on free space when installing a wall-mounted boiler.
The main disadvantage is the lower power, and therefore the performance of this option, compared to floor equipment. Consequently, such a boiler will become effective in ordinary apartments or in small private houses, while in more serious cases this type will not work.
The wall-mounted option for placing equipment imposes certain requirements on its weight. Therefore, such equipment is made from lightweight materials that are not always able to withstand long-term use. This is another disadvantage of wall-mounted boilers - preventive repairs and maintenance will need to be performed more often than similar processes with a floor-standing model
Floor standing gas boilers
The floor-standing version of gas boiler equipment is considered more reliable and durable. One of the most important advantages of this type is its higher power, which allows heating fairly large private households or several apartments at the same time.
Disadvantages of floor-standing gas boilers:
Increased weight of equipment, since the main materials used in their creation are steel or cast iron.
Large dimensions of models. This equipment requires quite a lot of free space, since its operation very often requires installation additional elements, for example, pumps, taps, boiler and so on.
Two main disadvantages contribute to the complexity of the installation process and almost always require a separate room for installation floor boiler, especially considering the fact that such models make quite a lot of noise during operation.
Differences between different types of boilers
Gas boilers also differ in the type of burner and the method of removing combustion products.
Burners are:
Atmospheric. Natural air supply necessary for flame operation. Requires good ventilation in the premises. Characterized by the presence open chamber combustion.
Fans, or as they are also called - turbines. Forced air supply. Characterized by closed camera combustion and the presence of automation. The disadvantages of such systems include increased level noise and the need to connect to electrical network(for operation of built-in fans).
Diffusion-kinetic. Something in between the first two types, when air is supplied to the combustion chamber in certain portions. A rather rare option in household equipment - usually used in industrial settings.
Combined. Allows you to use several types of fuel (gas, wood or fuel oil) without changing the burner. The versatility of the system has led to a number of disadvantages: lower efficiency, high cost, design complexity, which increases the time and cost of preventative and repair work.
According to the type of removal of combustion products, gas boilers are divided:
On a model with natural traction. The combustion products of gas boilers are lighter than air, which is why this fact is used in equipment with natural draft. To operate such models, you must have a special chimney with good air exhaust. Typically, such boilers are installed in private houses, where a riser for gas removal can be built separately.
For equipment with forced gas removal. These models are equipped with fans that forcefully remove combustion products from the boilers. Requires connection to an electrical network. Typically, such gas boilers are installed in apartments.
Advantages and disadvantages of gas boilers compared to boilers using other fuels
The main advantages of gas boilers:
Fuel (natural gas) is cheaper than using electricity, wood, coal or fuel oil for a similar process.
Coefficient useful action gas boilers are higher than the same parameter for analogues.
Main disadvantages:
Higher cost of installation work. The owner of a gas boiler will need to collect additional documents and obtain permission from Gaztekhnadzor. Naturally, this requires a waste of time and additional money.
To ensure the safe operation of gas equipment, installation will be required additional systems and designs. This is, first of all, the installation of a chimney and gas alarm.
Requires a gas line in most cases. Equipment running on bottled gas is not economically viable.
What else you need to know when installing boilers
Gas boilers are considered the most common type of system individual heating in the private possessions of citizens of our country.
Modern gas boilers are controlled by electronic boards that have many sensors to protect against emergency situations.
The boards also control various valves, turbines, control the temperature and automatically ignite the gas.
But they have a drawback - sensitivity to voltage changes and surges.
Installing a voltage stabilizer or voltage control relay will help protect the board from damage and subsequent repairs.
The stabilizer maintains the voltage at a constant level, smoothing it out, and the control relay turns off the voltage if a jump occurs.
