To finish the ceiling long years pleased you with its beauty and quality, a number of conditions must be met. Firstly, use high-quality paint, and secondly, choose the “right” tool for applying it. But the most important thing: you need to know how to paint the ceiling correctly and strictly follow the work technology.
Preparatory work
Choosing a tool and material
First you need to decide what to do with the ceiling - paint or whitewash? The choice of material for finishing the ceiling depends on the purpose of the room and, of course, on your desires and capabilities.
Whitewashing is the most cheap look finishing, regardless of whether you use chalk or lime. But at the same time, it is also the most short-lived, especially if we're talking about about the bathroom or kitchen, where the surface quickly loses fresh look due to humidity and evaporation. But in the bedroom or living room, whitewash will last longer.
Now about the tool. Regardless of whether you are painting or whitewashing ceilings, you will need a brush and a roller. The first one is needed for coloring hard to reach places– corners, ledges, steps, and it is more convenient to paint large, flat surfaces with a roller.
When choosing these tools, use the following guidelines:
- Do not buy a foam roller to paint the ceiling. It absorbs too much paint, which flows down during operation and bubbles appear on the surface.
- It is better to use a roller with medium or long pile, the coat of which does not have rough seams that can leave streaks on the surface being finished.
Advice. With high-quality brushes, the bristles do not stretch out, even if you pull them hard. And the roller does not deform when compressed. These simple tests will help you choose good tool before starting to paint the ceiling.
- The width of the roller for painting the ceiling should be 25-30 cm, and the width of the brush should be 5-7 cm (see also).
In addition to working tools, you will need a paint tray, a stepladder and masking tape. And also a long, strong stick as an extension for the roller.
Preparing the room for painting the ceiling
If you watch a video about how to paint a ceiling with your own hands, you will see that the work is carried out in a room free of furniture and all ceiling lighting fixtures. If you have nowhere to take the furniture, then at least wrap it tightly with a waterproof covering material.
It is also necessary to cover walls, windows and floors, even if they are not yet finished. At the end of the work, all you have to do is collect the covering material and throw it away.
If there are areas on the ceiling that cannot be painted or will be painted a different color, their borders must be pasted over. masking tape. They also cover the perimeter of all the walls at the junction with the ceiling.
Advice. If you are planning installation ceiling cornices to match the color of the ceiling, it is better to install them before whitening or painting the ceiling, so as not to do double work.
Electricity in the room should be turned off, but additional lighting should be provided.
Very important point– you need to make sure that there is enough paint to finish the entire ceiling area. Please note that you will have to apply at least two layers, and some more paint may be needed to correct flaws.
Therefore, it must be prepared with reserve, especially if the paint color is selected using a color scheme. It will be very difficult to achieve exactly the same tone if there is a shortage of paint.
Ceiling painting technology
Preparing the ceiling for painting
If you want to know how to paint a ceiling correctly, it would be a good idea to watch how professionals do the job.
They always start by cleaning the ceiling of the old coating, no matter how durable it may seem.
- Remove old paint or whitewash in any way convenient for you. They were described in more detail in one of the previous articles.
- Clear remove dust from the ceiling surface and prime it.
- If there is a need for this, align ceiling and remove cracks on it with putty (see also).
- After the putty has dried go over the ceiling with fine sandpaper and prime it again.
For reference. Applying a primer will reduce paint consumption and improve its adhesion to the surface. At the same time, the lack of a primer causes the paint to quickly begin to crumble from the ceiling, and you will have to decide how to repaint the ceiling.
- When the primer layer is dry, check the ceiling for availability dark spots. If there are any, paint only them and wait until the paint dries completely. After this, you can begin the main work.
Painting the ceiling
You can watch a video about how to paint a ceiling with your own hands on our website.
First, all joints between the ceiling and walls and hard-to-reach areas around pipes, built-in lamps, protrusions, drops, etc. are painted with a brush. In order for the paint to be distributed evenly, a new brush needs to be developed by dipping it in paint and painting an unnecessary board or other dry surface.
The procedure can be repeated several times until the paint adheres without streaks.
Along the walls, it is enough to paint a strip about 5 cm wide. If subsequently a cornice is installed along the perimeter of the ceiling, then you can “grab” the wall, painting it 1-2 cm from the ceiling. The painted area will disappear behind the cornice, and the line where it meets the ceiling will be clean and even.
Now let's talk about painting ceilings with a roller.
To do this, it is enough to follow following rules and recommendations:
- Dilute the paint to the optimal viscosity, as too thick a composition will apply unevenly, forming drips and folds.
- The paint should be poured into a special tray with a recess for paint and an inclined ribbed plane for removing excess paint.
- The roller does not need to be completely dipped in paint. After dipping it on one side, roll the roller along the ribbed surface so that the paint is evenly distributed over the coat. Excess from the edges can be removed with a brush.
- The first layer of paint is applied parallel to the wall with the window, starting from the corner farthest from the entrance.
- You should move from one wall to the opposite, applying paint in a not very wide stripe. The next strip should overlap the previous one by 8-10 cm. At the same time, you need to work quickly enough so that the edge of the previous strip does not have time to dry out.
- The painted area must be inspected by highlighting it with different sides to detect and eliminate unpainted areas.
- The second layer is applied after a few hours in a perpendicular direction, that is, parallel to the rays of sunlight.
Having mastered these rules, feel free to paint with your own hands, trying to evenly shade the paint on the ceiling. At the end of the work, the room must be protected from drafts and direct sunlight on the ceiling.
Attention! Do not try to speed up the drying process of paint, including heating devices. This can lead to it drying out and cracking.
If, after painting the ceiling, defects in the form of wrinkles, stripes or marks from a brush or roller are found on it, they can be smoothed out with sandpaper or pumice, primed and the area repainted again.
Important addition
It should be noted that all of the above applies to painting concrete ceilings . The technology for preparing ceilings made of plasterboard or covered with wallpaper is somewhat different; you can learn about it from other materials on the site.
We often have to answer the question whether it is possible to paint stretch ceiling. It's possible if it's seamless fabric sheets. But only acrylic paints are suitable for painting them, which must be applied with a spray gun.
However, each layer of paint weighs down the fabric of the ceiling, so it can sag. Therefore, it is not recommended to paint fabric stretch ceilings more than two or three times.
Conclusion
Despite the fact that any paint and varnish work, at first glance, seems simple and quite doable, failure to follow the sequence and technology can lead to the fact that the painted surface will have an imperfect appearance. And the quality of the color may suffer.
Watch the video again on how to paint a ceiling to make sure that you can do it efficiently, beautifully and without unnecessary problems. If you are not confident in your abilities, it is better to entrust this work to specialists. With the knowledge you gain, you will be able to control their actions.
It has always raised many questions, despite the fact that there is nothing complicated in such an action as painting a ceiling. As a rule, in this type repair work There are common mistakes that can affect the condition and appearance of the ceiling.
It is possible to paint the ceiling evenly using a roller.
Painting problems and their solutions
The most common problem with painting any ceiling can be considered the appearance of dark spots that become noticeable after the paint composition has dried. Some inexperienced craftsmen try to fix this problem by repainting, but this does not give much results.
You are faced with the question, am I painting the ceiling correctly?
Do not think that such stains appear due to changing the roller or container with the emulsion - it absolutely does not matter.
Having risen closer to the ceiling, you can notice that such spots have no difference in color tone, but it is the texture of the ceiling itself that differs different places, which need to be painted evenly. In some places when proper lighting It seems that the ceiling was painted with different solutions.
Such unpleasant features can only be avoided if the master follows all painting technology. This technology implies a complete understanding of the painting process, which will require not only right choice paint, but also use the roller itself correctly.
The main material when painting any ceiling is paint, the choice of which determines the final result of the repair work.
To paint the ceiling, it is better to use rollers with long pile.
You can choose any type of coloring composition, excluding only the most suspicious options that may turn out to be fake. As a rule, water-based paint is used for the ceiling. white. Please note that it is on white ceilings that the described stains are most often visible.
Foam rollers, which are intended for completely different jobs, are considered extremely common, but of rather poor quality. Choosing such a tool will result in the roller leaving unpainted, blurry areas where the paint can bubble. Such rollers should not be used for painting work.
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The correct technology for painting a ceiling structure
The most important emphasis is on covering the rough ceiling with a layer of paint that is completely uniform. As a rule, achieving such uniformity of the coloring composition is quite difficult. Do not ignore the instructions on the back of a can or bucket of paint - these are the proportions in which the purchased product should be diluted. Water-based paint is diluted by adding 5 to 10 percent clean water to the primary composition.
It is best to mix the paint using a small mixer equipped with an electric drill.
Some paints are sold already diluted, which can be seen in the instructions. Such coloring composition It’s enough just to mix correctly and efficiently. It is best to mix the paint in a purchased container using a small mixer equipped with an electric drill.
Now you can move on to correct use roller
Many novice repairmen make the same mistake from the first steps of painting: dipping the roller directly into the bucket of paint. In this case, the paint is applied only to one side of the roller, which negatively affects the quality of the work.
In order for the ceiling to be evenly covered with a layer of paint, the roller must be rolled over a special trough into which a small amount of paint is poured.
The tray has a ribbed plane that allows you to cover the roller with paint on all sides and squeeze out the excess.
This trough has a ribbed plane, which allows you to cover the roller with paint on all sides and squeeze out the excess part of the paint composition. In order to evenly cover the roller with paint, you can practice on any unnecessary surface, which will make the result better. For this you can even use an unnecessary piece of plasterboard sheet.
After the master has learned how to properly coat a fleecy roller with paint, you can begin painting work. For high-quality painting of the ceiling structure with a roller, it is necessary to apply the paint to the ceiling extremely quickly. The more unnecessary movements you make with the roller, the more uneven the applied layer will be. As a rule, the ceiling must be coated with the first layer of paint in no longer than 15 minutes.
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Gaps and uneven coloring
Poor quality painting of a ceiling structure can result from missing or applying several layers of paint to the same area of the ceiling. The master begins to paint the prepared ceiling, not noticing those places that were poorly painted. This is not surprising, because he is looking at the ceiling at a right angle. Experienced painters step down a little from the stepladder, which allows them to notice poorly painted areas.
To avoid stains from appearing after drying, it is necessary to apply an even and homogeneous layer of paint to the ceiling.
To avoid such mistakes, it is necessary to start painting work with an assistant, who will notice all the shortcomings from below, warning the painter. This will allow you to apply an even and homogeneous layer of paint to the ceiling to avoid stains appearing after the paint has dried. Please note that one coat of paint is not enough to paint the ceiling. Especially it concerns light shades, which may require 3-4 layers of paint.
Here we should not forget that each finished layer of paint must dry properly and efficiently. Otherwise, the paint will stick to the pile of the roller, which will only harm the ceiling structure and its appearance. In order for the paint to dry properly, it needs to dry for at least 10 hours. This result can be achieved if you paint after lunch, and by the next morning the painted ceiling will have time to dry.
Cross-painting will help avoid mistakes when painting the ceiling.
Often, inexperienced craftsmen try to paint over bad spots with a roller exactly in those places where there are defects. You cannot make such a mistake; it will only make the mistake worse. It is necessary to cover the ceiling with a second layer over the entire plane, using a coloring composition of a more liquid consistency. In cases where painting the ceiling structure with a roller has resulted in stains appearing, it is necessary to redo the entire job.
First of all, you need to clean the ceiling with a special grout mesh, and then sweep away most of the dust. Using a roller and primer it is necessary to prime ceiling structure and let it dry. After this you need to start painting again. You cannot use the same roller for painting that was used to apply the primer to the ceiling.
Painting the ceiling is no more difficult than conventional whitewashing. But here, as everywhere else, there are some little tricks.
Required materials and tools:
- roller that matches your paint (acrylic or glycerophthalic)
- wide paint brush
- protective glasses
- protective helmet (cap with visor)
- workwear
- ceiling paint
- adhesive tape and other materials to protect non-paintable surfaces
- putty knife
- stepladder (for example)
Process
We take everything that does not need to be painted out of the room or cover it with shields. We collect all materials and tools in one place. In the prepared room we install a platform or scaffolding.
Divorced water-dispersion paint, the one you plan to use. This operation allows you to identify minor defects that are almost invisible on a puttied but unpainted surface.
After puttying and sanding the defective areas, the ceiling is painted with undiluted paint. Apply paint to the prepared surface using a brush, roller or spray gun.
We start painting from the edges. We apply the first strip with a brush at the junction with the wall in which there are windows or any other protrusions or corners. Then we change the brush to a roller and draw a strip 50 cm wide and at least 1 m long. Apply each subsequent strip so that adjacent strips slightly overlap each other.
Paint consumption is determined by its properties and, first of all, hiding power. Therefore, when buying paint, we advise you to pay attention not to the amount of paint in the can, but to the consumption of material per meter of surface.
When painting, you need to pay attention to the direction of the applied coating. The last layer should be applied towards the light source (window), and the previous one across.
If you plan to apply paint with a roller, use a new nap roller for the final coat. middle length. Foam rollers, or rollers previously used for other purposes, are not recommended.
Remember that 2 or 3 layers of paint are always stronger than one thick layer. Apply paint several times, naturally, after the previous one has completely dried.
At the end, we clean the joints between the strips so that the entire painted surface looks uniform - without gaps, clots or vacuums.
In order not to spoil the work, after finishing painting, do not create drafts in the room, and if direct lines enter the room Sun rays, darken the windows. You should also not force the drying of the whitewash by turning on any electrical appliances.
Painting the ceiling (video):
If you decide to do the repairs yourself, then you are probably interested in the question of how to properly paint the ceiling. Do beautiful ceiling not so difficult. Here are some recommendations from experts.
Preparing to paint the ceiling
If you are interested in how to properly paint a ceiling, then pay attention to the importance in the sequence of actions. You will need to buy the right tool for the job and prepare the ceiling for subsequent procedures. A small roller 25-30 cm wide and a brush (5-7 cm) are well suited for painting. In addition, you will definitely need a primer and the paint itself.
Note!
It is better to select and buy all materials in advance.
Cleaning the ceiling
You should start by removing the old coating or whitewash. You can do this in a way convenient for you. In order for your ceiling to look beautiful once the work is completed, the surface of your ceiling should be clean and smooth. Therefore, after removing the old layer, be sure to clean the surface, and then remove dust with a dry brush. The primer coating also greatly influences the final result. Any paint will adhere better to a primed surface. Therefore, using a roller and brush, apply a layer of primer around the entire perimeter of the ceiling and let it dry.
Removing old coating from the ceiling
Let's start with the little things
So, the ceiling is primed and ready for further work. After purchase, a new brush must be brought into working condition. This is easy to do - dip it in paint and paint any unnecessary surface, for example, a piece of cardboard. When the brush is ready, we recommend starting by painting all the joints between the ceiling and walls. After this, be sure to paint hard-to-reach areas (near pipes and other elements). Make sure that the new coating is applied evenly, without lumps or smudges.
How to prepare the paint?
If you want to learn how to paint a ceiling correctly, you definitely need to know how to apply paint with a roller. Let's start with preparing the paint itself. It must be diluted to the optimal consistency. Too thick - it will adhere much worse, leaving marks, and most likely, smudges will appear. On the other hand, if it is too diluted, it will leak. To rid the roller of excess paint, use a tray with an inclined ribbed surface.
Ridding the roller of excess paint
How to use a roller correctly?
It is important to distribute the paint correctly over the surface of the roller; there should not be a lot of it. To do this, wet one side of it and roll it over the surface of the tray. This way you will get rid of excess paint on the roller. Excess on the sides can be removed with a previously prepared rag or brush. In this case, there will be no excess paint, and as a result, there will be no streaks on the ceiling.
In what order should I paint the ceiling?
Now you need to apply an even layer of paint to the ceiling. You can start from the far corner. Paint evenly from one wall to another, parallel to the window. It is best to apply the paint in a narrow stripe. The next such strip should overlap the previous one by several centimeters. This all needs to be done quickly enough, before the previous painted strip begins to dry.
Applying the first coat of paint
First coat of paint
A specialist who knows how to properly paint a ceiling will tell you that after applying the first layer, it is very important to examine it from all sides under different lighting. This way you can see the highlights where the paint is showing through. If you notice unpainted areas, it is recommended to carefully repaint them while the paint is still wet.
Note!
Once the first coat is completed, let it dry.
Second coat of paint
The second layer should be applied perpendicular to the chosen direction, following the same principles. Now you need to wait until it dries completely. It is highly undesirable to try to speed up the drying of the ceiling with heaters and other devices. In this case, there may be side effects, the paint may crumble. After the ceiling is dry, you can remove excess and defects using fine sandpaper. If necessary, repaint these areas.
The most common way to decorate a ceiling is to whitewash or paint it. And the most used paint for this is water-based paint. Painting the ceiling water-based paint at first glance it seems like a simple matter, but there are many subtleties, ignorance of which leads to the appearance of spots or streaks. We will tell you further how to avoid such troubles.
Preparing for painting
To DIY painting ceiling water-based paint was of high quality and uniform needed preliminary preparation ceiling. Uniform coloring can only be achieved on a flat, puttied surface. Therefore, before starting work, you need to clean the ceiling from any previous coating (with the exception of water-based emulsion, which holds up very well).
How to remove whitewash
If you have whitewash on the ceiling - chalk or lime - you need to moisten the ceiling with water and remove the coating with a spatula. They clean everything down to concrete. Even the smallest fragments must be removed. Sometimes scrape with a spatula small areas very inconvenient, it’s easier to do it with a wet rag.
In any case, after removing the whitewash, the ceiling must be washed with water detergent. After complete drying, prime and putty with gypsum or cement (preferably white) putty until smooth, which is also called “egg-like.”
How to remove old water emulsion
If the ceiling has already been painted with water-based emulsion, you won’t be able to simply remove it. The procedure depends on how the paint adheres to the ceiling. If it just changed color and you need to renew the ceiling, there are no swelling, cracks or other similar problems, you can get by with a little blood. First, remove the dust (with a cloth and water), dry it, then prime it. After the primer has dried, you can paint it. But once again we draw attention to the fact that this procedure is used only if the water-based emulsion holds well and there are no defects.
Cleaning waterproof emulsion from the ceiling is still a pleasure
If there are cracks or swellings on the surface of the water-based emulsion, it must be cleaned off. There are two ways - dry and wet. Dry means cleaning with sandpaper (manually or using an angle grinder), wet means rinsing off. This method must be used for paint that is not afraid of water. But it is very difficult to remove such paint. If water-based paint holds up well, no tricks help, but there are surface defects and putty is needed, take sandpaper with coarse grain and make the surface rough. After this you can putty. Next - according to technology: we prime and then paint.
Wash off the ceiling painted with water-based emulsion by wetting it generously twice. hot water. The water should be almost boiling water - about 70°C. After wetting part of the ceiling, wait 10 minutes, then wet the same area again with hot water. After about five minutes you can remove the paint with a spatula.
Removal old paint- Long procces
You can repeat this procedure several times, gradually removing loose paint from the ceiling. Small residues can be sanded off, and then the ceiling can be washed, dried and primed. You can putty and sand over the primer, smoothing out imperfections.
Types of water-based paint
Water-based paint is a water-based emulsion that contains polymer particles undissolved in water. The composition also includes pigments and various additives that change the characteristics of the final product. After applying the paint, active evaporation of water occurs and a thin polymer film remains on the surface.
Painting the ceiling with water-based paint begins with choosing the composition. They use four types of polymers:
- Acrylic. An aqueous emulsion based on acrylic resins allows you to obtain a smooth surface, has good hiding power, and hides small surface defects, even cracks up to 1 mm wide. Its disadvantage is high price, but it’s easier to work with. In its purest form acrylic compositions They are hygroscopic and can only be used in dry rooms, but they do not interfere with the passage of steam. To create a waterproof film, latex is added to the acrylic water-based emulsion. The same additive increases the elasticity of the dried film. Such compositions can be used in damp areas.
Acrylic-based water emulsion - a smart choice
- Silicates. This type of water-based paint is based on liquid glass. The coating is resistant to precipitation and does not interfere with the release of vapors, has a long service life (10 years or more), and can be used for outdoor work.
Silicate paints are vapor-tight
- Minerals - lime or cement. Mineral water-based emulsions have good adhesion to any surface, but are quickly washed off. As a result, they are gradually losing popularity.
- Silicone. Aqueous emulsions based on silicone - the latest achievement of the industry. These compositions are good because they “tighten” cracks up to 2 mm thick. As a result, the surface painted with them, even without excellent preparation, turns out to be even and smooth. The film turns out dense, but vapor-permeable. Silicone water-based emulsion can be used to paint ceilings in bathrooms and other wet areas. The disadvantage of this type of paint is its high price.
Latex can be added to any of the compositions. Latex water-based paint is water-repellent. It is not afraid of moisture and can be used in damp rooms.
Based on the main characteristics of these compositions, you can choose for yourself best type water-based paint. Each case requires its own properties and the “best water emulsion” is different each time.
What primer to use
A primer is necessary for better adhesion of the paint to the surface being painted. It allows you to avoid the appearance of cracks and blisters after the paint dries. If there is no primer, this can happen. You'll have to clean everything off and putty again. Because in order for painting the ceiling with water-based paint to be of high quality, the surface must be well primed.
The base of the primer should match the base paint. Under acrylic paint A water-based emulsion requires the same primer; a silicone primer needs one based on silicones, etc. Moreover, it is advisable not to save: the quality of this composition determines how smoothly the water-based emulsion will lie on the ceiling.
Eat economical way primers: the base paint is diluted with water (1 to 2) and the surfaces are painted with this mixture a couple of times. It's certainly better than nothing, but the primer gives a better grip.
How to paint a ceiling with water-based emulsion with your own hands
Each of the water-based paints has instructions for use on the can. The operating procedure is described there. Some compositions just need to be stirred well before use: undissolved polymers may settle at the bottom of the jar. Some formulations require dilution. The amount of water added is also specified in the instructions and depends on the application method. For spray guns, the dilution is stronger; when using a roller, thicker formulations are required.
When diluting the emulsion with water, add it in small portions. Stir thoroughly and try on a surface area. If the paint goes on evenly and almost completely covers the base, you can paint.
It is more convenient to pour the paint into a special container with a tray and a ribbed platform. You can use a regular basin and a clean piece of oilcloth spread nearby. It's not as convenient, but less expensive.
Which roller to choose
A roller for painting the ceiling with water-based emulsion is needed with dense short pile. You need to examine him carefully. The pile should “sit” tightly and under no circumstances should it “climb out”, even if you pull on it. Then inspect how the seam is made. Under no circumstances should he stand out. It must be difficult to find. It is best if it is made obliquely.
Pay maximum attention to choosing a roller: the quality of painting - the absence of stripes on the ceiling - largely depends on how good a tool you have chosen. It is more convenient to whiten the ceiling with water-based emulsion not from a stepladder, but from the floor. To do this, the roller is placed on a long handle and secured well.
How to paint without streaks
To avoid streaks on the ceiling, painting the ceiling with water-based paint should be completed no later than in 20 minutes. Immediately after application, water begins to actively absorb/evaporate and stripes appear at the junction of the dried and “fresh” paint. Therefore, it is advisable to prepare the room. It is necessary to turn off (wrap up) the heating radiators and prevent a draft. It is also advisable to wash the floor immediately before whitewashing; even if you work during the day, turn on the lighting, this will allow you to better control the quality of the paint. Afterwards you can start working.
Ready-to-use water-based paint is poured into a container, a roller is dipped into it, then rolled well across the site, achieving uniform distribution over the entire surface. When the roller has a uniform color, they begin to paint.
The corners are painted first with a brush. After applying a little paint, take a small roller and roll it out well. Then they begin to paint the main surface. The first layer is applied parallel to the window, the second - perpendicular.
You need to stand so that you look at the area to be painted at an angle. This will give you a good look at how evenly the paint has spread, as well as where you have already painted and where you haven't. Move systematically, without jumping from one piece to another.
The width of the strip painted at a time is slightly larger than the width of the roller. After wetting the roller, place it approximately in the middle of the strip. Quickly roll the paint in both directions from one wall to the other. Don't waste a lot of time: you don't have much of it. On average, the water emulsion dries in 10-20 seconds. If you didn’t have time to apply the strip next to it before, the border will be clearly visible, which you won’t get rid of. Having distributed the paint more or less evenly over the strip, dip the roller into the paint and roll it out again from the middle of the ceiling. At the same time, go beyond the already painted strip by about 10 cm. All this at a good pace without stops and smoke breaks. The edges of the painted strip should not dry out. In general, these are all the rules.
After applying the first coat of paint, some areas may not be painted as well. You need to wait for it to dry completely and paint it a second time. This should already be enough to get flat surface. If even after the third layer of water-based paint you still have streaks and stains on the ceiling, you will have to redo it again. It is necessary to level the surface with sandpaper, prime it again and paint again.
What color
The easiest way to achieve perfect evenness of color is to use “snow-white” paint. All pigments clearly highlight even small irregularities, so you need to pay maximum attention to the process or use an acrylic or silicone-based water emulsion.