The aesthetic qualities of the roof play an important role in the image of a residential building. But much more important is the reliability and durability of its design. Careful selection of its type and shape will ensure that the roof meets the needs of the developer.
Hip-slope roofs of private houses have excellent resistance to wind. Looks best one-story houses with a hip roof, because this type is suitable for buildings with large area, and gives them solidity. Individual feature their complex design It is mandatory to have auditory and skylights providing good level illumination and natural ventilation. At equal area of a private house, the area of the hip roof will exceed the area of the gable roof. This causes an increase in the cost of its implementation for the developer.
In the Z500 catalog for two-story and one-story houses with an area of 100 m2 or more, four-pitched roofs of hip-type houses are provided. Such houses are popular among developers, so we regularly add new ones to the collection. standard projects. You can buy our projects at prices that are at the average market level in 2017.
If among those ready architectural projects offered in the catalog do not fully satisfy your requirements, then for a separate payment an original one with four pitched roof. There may also be a layout of houses with a hipped roof.
Project plans for houses with a hipped roof: features of the roof structure
A roof with four slopes can be hip or hip. A hip roof has slopes that converge at one point. The hip roof consists of two triangular slopes and two trapezoidal ones, which are connected by a ridge beam.
When choosing projects of houses with a hipped roof (photos, videos, drawings, diagrams, sketches can be viewed in this section) for turnkey implementation, it is important to take into account such a factor as the angle of the roof.
House plans with a hipped roof: conditions for choosing the roof angle
Since the angle of the slope allows the roof to easily drain precipitation, it is considered the most significant criterion safety, practicality and aesthetic characteristics. Its value ranges from 15 to 65˚ and depends on:
- Climatic zone of construction. If it involves a large volume of precipitation, then it is advisable to provide a steep roof, the slope of which will be at least 45°. Less steep slopes are suitable for areas with a dry climate. A flat roof with an angle of inclination not exceeding 30˚ should be installed for buildings exposed to gusty, frequent winds.
- Roof covering material. For roll materials a slope angle of 2-25° should be provided; when using piece elements - from 15°; large-sized elements (metal tiles and slate) are laid on slopes with an inclination angle of 25°ﹾ.
- Availability attic floor. If the layout of house projects with a hipped roof provides for the presence of this room of this room, then for comfortable living in it it is important to choose the slope correctly in order to prevent a decrease in the area of the attic and the height of its premises in the case of underestimation of its values, and the organization of a large unused space under the ridge due to its excessive increase. In the case of attic cottage The roof slope should be between 38° - 45°. For a roof whose slopes are located at an angle of less than 30°, the best option There will be an attic design.
An increase in the angle of inclination of the slopes and, as a consequence, the need for more The problem of materials arises due to an increase in the length of the rafters and the area of the structure, so the estimate for its construction increases significantly.
The labor intensity of the work when building a hipped roof is not much higher than a regular gable roof, but this does not mean that a hipped roof can be built with your own hands as simply as a regular one, with two symmetrical slopes. The main difficulty is that a hip roof requires very precise engineering calculations and knowledge of technology, especially if you do not have good practice in constructing this kind of roof.
Why is a house with a hipped roof better than a gable roof?
Why regular gable roof are satisfied mainly with simple outbuildings, and for residential premises they choose a hipped roof:
- The appearance of the hipped roof option looks much nicer and more elegant than the double structure;
- Even simple hipped roof it withstands the elements much better due to smoother contours and aerodynamics. Even in the strongest winds, the rafters of the frame remain almost equally loaded, due to the correct balancing of the diagonal rafters;
- Two additional slopes shed water better, dry under the influence of the wind and thereby protect the roof of the house from flowing, as happens with straight gables. Thus, significantly higher thermal insulation and frost resistance are achieved for a hipped roof.
Important! The four-slope roof structure, unlike the “kopeck piece”, has high degree adaptation.
For climates with high rainfall, the Danish version with steep main slopes and two hips is perfect, for steppe zone With strong winds low tent frame with large overhangs and an average angle of inclination.
It will be most convenient to use a hipped roof in houses where attic space is not allocated as a residential area, but is used for economic purposes. Due to the appearance of two additional slopes, the space and usable area of the attic is reduced by approximately 25%. But if desired and of sufficient size attic room instead of an attic you can equip small room, even with windows and a balcony, as in the photo.
But in this case, instead of a simple system of vertical posts on which the ridge girder rests, additional horizontal beams - crossbars - will need to be installed in the structure of the hipped roof, which will play the role of a ceiling for the attic space.
How to make a hip roof
First of all, it’s worth understanding how a 4-slope roof differs in detail from the double-slope version.
Main difference rafter system 4 slopes from the double symmetrical roof
The differences in design will be most obvious in the diagram with a simple rectangular version of the hipped roof shown in the photo:
Important! Most of the elements of additional slopes require very careful adjustment, so diagonal rafters and frames are often assembled with a preliminary “grab” on screws, and only after final adjustment are they replaced bolted connection or knocked down with nails.
Do-it-yourself hipped roof, sequence of work
The most difficult part in building a rafter system for a hipped roof is the stage of hanging the diagonal rafters. Firstly, the angle of inclination of the diagonal rafters and the pressure with which they rest on the ridge girder must be equal to the parameters of the pair of rafters on the other side. The areas of the slopes and the angles of inclination in a hipped roof must be absolutely equal.
Secondly, an imaginary line drawn between the joining points or vertices of the triangles formed by the diagonal rafters on both sides must run exactly along the axis of the ridge beam, both horizontally and vertically. The main difficulty in assembling a hipped roof is to correctly align and adjust the position of the diagonal rafters.
At the preparation stage for assembling a hipped roof, a board or mauerlat beam is laid, and it is important to carefully level the plane of the board horizontally. Preliminary markings of places for installation of side rafters, truss supports and tightening are applied to the Mauerlat. Installation of a hipped roof is greatly simplified if a reinforced concrete slab is used as the ceiling.
After laying out and fastening the tightening, the ridge frame or “bench” is assembled. Essentially, this is a ridge beam installed on vertical racks. Longitudinal and transverse struts are sewn to the posts, ensuring the stability of the frame until the hip rafters are assembled.
Before laying out the diagonal rafters, the ridge frame must be supported with a pair of temporary beams, which are attached to the mauerlat and to the outermost post of the “bench”. This will prevent the ridge frame from tipping over under the pressure of the diagonal rafters on the other side.
Next comes the most difficult part. First, determine the actual length of each of the slanting beams, for this, at the support point at the end ridge beam drive a nail and use a cord to measure the length from the nail to the fulcrum on the mauerlat. Before installing the diagonals, each of the slanted rafters is measured and cut according to its cord length.
Having installed the bevel elements on the Mauerlat, determine the line of contact and the cut of the contact surface. Having trimmed the support plane of the slope beams, they are laid on the end of the ridge girder.
The lower ends of the diagonal beams are installed in the corner joint of the mauerlat beam with an undercut of the supporting surface of the beam according to the diagram shown. Sometimes the shape of the cut is made according to a template, but it is safer to mark the cut line manually.
Ideally, an imaginary vertical plane drawn through any sloping rafter should be parallel to the plane of the sloping beam located on the opposite side of the hipped roof.
If everything is done correctly, the two diagonal rafters of the hipped roof will be exactly along the axis of the ridge beam. To avoid deflection, long enough braces need to be installed with struts and truss supports with the installation of temporary fasteners made of self-tapping screws. Similarly, install the rafters from the opposite slope and align the elements with maximum accuracy. To increase the rigidity of the hip slopes, several flanges are cut out and installed at the edges of the diagonal beams.
Then they move on to laying ordinary rafter beams. Fastening to the Mauerlat is carried out using a standard bolt-nut connection or using steel angles. At the top rafter board Usually they are sawed down according to a template and laid on the ridge beam.
Usually, after hanging the rows on the ridge girder and the mauerlat, additional crossbars are installed in the upper part, which reduce the bursting effect of the hipped roof frame. After installing all the rafter beams and aligning the main strength elements of the hipped frame, they proceed to the permanent fastening of all rafters on the mauerlat and ridge girder.
At the next stage, struts are installed and fastened under the ordinary rafters, and the triangular slopes are “filled” with external beams. Each of the splices is cut to its own length according to the diagram below and installed in a checkerboard pattern, this allows you to avoid weakening of the beam due to the coincidence of the cuts on opposite sides.
All elements are secured with nails, self-tapping screws and bolted connections with overhead steel plates and angles.
Final operations
After assembling the main frame of the hipped roof, fillets are stuffed onto the ends of the rafters - short boards that form a row of roof overhangs along the wall. The cut line is measured along the ends of the fillies, trimmed so that the ends are in the same plane, and the cornice board is sewn on. The lower part of the fillies is lined with clapboard or regular board.
After treating the wood of the beams with an antiseptic composition, they proceed to stuffing the sheathing boards. The thickness of the boards, the amount of material and the nailing points are chosen based on what kind of roofing they plan to lay on a given hipped roof.
Conclusion
The hipped roof is deservedly considered one of the most convenient and practical designs roofs. If you are planning to build a hipped version with your own hands, in addition to correctly calculating the structure, you will need experience in leveling and adjusting the position of each of the beams. Therefore, it would be right to get the necessary experience and skill in working with hipped roofs from more experienced craftsmen.
The construction of a modern private house can be called an architectural creation. If previously all buildings were mainly built of brick, and the maximum decoration of the building was the construction of an extension, then modern designs sometimes they go beyond the bounds of reason. Complex shapes boxes and roofs, balconies, roof windows - all this became possible thanks to the advent of new materials. And the walls themselves began to be built not only from brick, but from foam blocks, aerated concrete and other materials. And when it comes to roofing, the most popular option is the hip structure.
Types of hip roofs
For those who are faced with construction for the first time, it is necessary to explain that hip roof- This is a conventional hipped design.
However, depending on the complexity of the forms, it is divided into the following types:
Each type of roof is individually selected for specific house sizes, guided by complex calculations.
An example of a hip roof project for a frame house
They are considered fast in construction frame houses. To cover them, pitched or flat roofs with slight slopes are used. The most effective and popular on frame house is a hip roof.
The construction of a roof always begins with design. In addition to aesthetics, the roof must have a durable structure and at the same time not create high pressure on the walls of the building.
If the box represents a square, then here ideal option will become hip roof. She is often chosen for big houses size 10x10 or 12x12. Although, it looks no less attractive on small buildings measuring 8x8. And if desired, lengthen square house, under the overhang of the hip roof, it is possible to organize the construction of an extension with one pitched roof. Even if the house box is not square, you can still build a hip roof, the main thing is that the building has correct form polygon.
For home rectangular shape a hip roof will not work. Here you need to choose a preference between other varieties.
Hip roof design
The hip roof is a real find for designers. It is used when designing an attic, decorated with windows, a balcony, and a bay window. Modern roofing allows you to give the building any architectural style. Extensions under an identical roofing or transparent ones made of polycarbonate look impressive. The hip roof looks good on houses, gazebos and other buildings. There are many different designs appearance and device.
Each roofing model can acquire individuality thanks to design developments and installation additional elements.
How to deal with a balcony
The construction technology of a hip roof with a balcony is similar to the traditional design. The only difference is that for a balcony you need to lengthen the roof a little. Before construction begins, a steady rest along the width of the future balcony is provided. The height of the opening must provide free passage for people. Between the roof of the house and top part opening, a partition with a door is installed. The open part of the attic floor between the wall and the roof will be the basis for the balcony. The remaining side openings are filled with bricks.
Finally, the parapet is installed. Quite often it is made of metal. If the extension of the balcony ends with an extension slab, it must be well strengthened. As an option, columns are installed under the slab or space is allocated for an extension.
Extensions to a house under a hip roof
Features of choosing the type of extension to the house are determined by the design of the roof. Extensions adjacent to the house may be under a single roof or have their own separate roof. In the first case, the roofing of the extension is made of the same material that covers the entire house.
In the second option, the roof of the extension can be adjacent to the house from the end or from the slope. There are several types of coupling that can be seen in the diagram:
- A - single roof;
- B - the top of the roof of the shed roof of the extension is at the level of the building’s eaves;
- B - the roof slopes of the extension and the building are connected to each other along the entire width;
- D - if the length of the extension is less than the length of the building, the roofs are joined in several places.
In any case, to prevent water flowing from the roof of the house from entering the veranda, the roof of the extension must extend at least 100 mm under the roofing of the building.
If we talk about popular designs of verandas, then most often there are extensions with pitched roof. They are simple to make, attractive, and after insulation measures can be used even in winter.
From the aesthetic side, arched extensions made of polycarbonate are attractive. A transparent room is usually used as a greenhouse or summer place rest.
House made of aerated concrete with a hip roof
IN lately houses made of aerated concrete have become popular. It's pretty lightweight building material, from which you can quickly build housing. The disadvantage of a building made of aerated concrete is the mandatory decorative finishing facade. The hip roof is perfect choice for such a construction, but requires additional calculations. The fact is that walls made of aerated concrete are not as strong as those made of brick, so the pressure of the roof on the facade should be minimal.
As a way out of the situation, walls made of aerated concrete can be reinforced with an armored belt, and a powerful column can be installed under the roof, as shown in the photo. In this option, there will be an open veranda-canopy near the house under one roof.
If we consider the design of this house made of aerated concrete, then with its dimensions of 10.32 x 9.3 m, the usable area is 95.8 m 2.
Looking at the plan of the lower floor of a building made of aerated concrete, you can see that the entrance openings are made in a group of rooms into a corridor. The room marked with the number 5 is given over to the bathroom. Available separate kitchen, large hall, bedroom plus free living space, which can be used at your discretion.
In the diagram of the facades of a building made of aerated concrete, you can see how ideally a hip roof fits here. Veranda and dormer window add flair to a simple structure.
The total height from the foundation to the ridge is 5.9 m, where the lower floor is allocated 2.65 m, and the rest of the space is given over to the attic.
This top view diagram clearly shows the hip roof of a house made of aerated concrete. IN in this case the angles of the slopes are 30 degrees.
Video of the rafter system of a house made from aerated concrete:
Conclusion
Having decided on the design, having calculated all the nuances down to the smallest detail, you can begin its construction.
The aesthetic qualities of the roof play an important role in the image of a residential building. But much more important is the reliability and durability of its design. Careful selection of its type and shape will ensure that the roof meets the needs of the developer.
The hipped roof has excellent wind resistance. One-story houses with a 4-pitched roof look the most successful, because this type is suitable for buildings with a large area and gives them solidity. An individual feature of their complex design is the mandatory presence of dormer and roof windows, providing a good level of illumination and natural ventilation. With an equal area of a private house, the area of the hip roof will exceed the area of the gable roof. This causes an increase in the cost of its implementation for the developer.
In the Z500 catalog, two-story and one-story houses with a 4-pitched roof with an area of 100 m2 or more have a hip roof type. Such houses are popular among developers, so we regularly add new standard projects to the collection. You can buy our projects at prices that are at the average market level in 2016.
If among the ready-made architectural projects proposed in the catalog there are no ones that fully satisfy your requirements, then for a separate payment an original author's design of one-story houses with a 4-pitched roof can be developed. The layout of one-story houses with a 4-pitched roof can also be changed.
Project plans for one-story houses with a 4-pitched roof: features of the roof structure
Projects of one-story houses with a 4-pitched roof can have a hip or hip roof type.
Thus, projects of one-story houses with a hipped roof of a hipped type are characterized by roof slopes converging at one point. The hip roof consists of two triangular slopes and two trapezoidal ones, which are connected by a ridge beam.
When choosing projects of one-story houses with a 4-pitched roof (photos, videos, drawings, diagrams, sketches can be viewed in this section) for turnkey implementation, it is important to take into account such a factor as the angle of inclination of the roof.
Plans for one-story houses with a 4-pitched roof: conditions for choosing the angle of inclination of the roof
Since the angle of the slope allows the roof to easily drain precipitation, it is considered the most significant criterion for safety, practicality and aesthetic characteristics. Its value ranges from 15 to 65˚ and depends on:
- Climatic zone of construction. If it involves a large volume of precipitation, then it is advisable to provide a steep roof, the slope of which will be at least 45°. Less steep slopes are suitable for areas with a dry climate. A flat roof with an angle of inclination not exceeding 30˚ should be installed for buildings exposed to gusty, frequent winds.
- Roof covering material. For rolled materials, a slope angle of 2-25° should be provided, when using piece elements - from 15°, large-sized elements (metal tiles and slate) are laid on slopes with an angle of inclination from 25°.
- The presence of an attic floor. If the layout of projects of one-story houses with a 4-pitched roof provides for the presence of this room, then for comfortable living in it it is important to choose the slope correctly in order to prevent a decrease in the area of the attic and the height of its premises in the case of underestimation of its values, and the organization of a large unused space under the ridge due to its excessive increase. In the case of an attic cottage, the roof slope should lie within 38° - 45°. For a roof whose slopes are located at an angle of less than 30°, the best option would be to design an attic.
An increase in the angle of inclination of the slopes and, as a result, the need for more materials arises due to an increase in the length of the rafters and the area of the structure, therefore the estimate for its construction increases significantly.
Enjoy your viewing and we wish you to find projects of one-story houses with a 4-pitched roof that suit you!