A beautifully decorated table is business card housewives. The first thing to consider when decorating a holiday table is, of course, the theme and purpose of the holiday. Festive table at a children's party it will be somewhat different than at an adult party; decoration New Year's table will be different from the decoration Easter table etc.

How to decorate and arrange a table for a holiday?

Decor and setting of the festive table

To make your holiday the best and most interesting, just delicious and varied dishes are not enough. You will also need to properly decorate the room, table, dishes, dishes, then dress up yourself... And the most important thing is to convey the feeling of celebration to your guests. And therefore, when they come to visit you, they should see the best, most beautiful and uniquely decorated table. Is it really possible to decorate a table without a snow-white tablecloth, intricately folded napkins, name cards, menus, candles, etc.

❧ Every housewife, when decorating a holiday party, tries to make it as good as possible. The main thing is not to overdo it: a huge number of different trinkets on the table will only irritate.

Before setting the table, decide in what style you want to do it. The choice of style depends only on the availability of dishes and tablecloths of this style. But the leading role still belongs to the dishes, since it is easier to match the tablecloth to the dishes than vice versa. For example, if you are the happy owner of a crystal set, then you should set the table with a “ceremonial” white starched tablecloth, starched napkins and beautiful, sophisticated bouquets in crystal vases. And if you have porcelain dishes, then you can imagine endlessly with it, since you can choose tablecloths of any shape and color, as well as a wide variety of accessories.

Table setting. Rules

Festive tablecloths and napkins

Interesting napkins, colored or snow-white, folded into original shapes will give the table a special solemnity. Therefore, when choosing accessories for a festive table, you must determine what color they will be: the same color as the tablecloth, or to shade and complement it. The main thing is not to forget that the tablecloth and dishes should go well with each other. If you have not yet purchased a suitable tablecloth for a table or tea set, then don’t rush - it can be made from ordinary plain fabric. This tablecloth will match any tableware, even plain colored ones. A bright “floral” service looks especially good on a plain tablecloth if the color of the tablecloth resonates with its design. If you wish, you can decorate a plain tablecloth with a silk ribbon. This will add originality to your table, especially if the color of the ribbon matches the color scheme of the service. But for a coffee service made with special elegance, a tablecloth and napkins decorated with simple lace are suitable. You can also give new life old tablecloth, placed on top beautiful tulle or transparent fabric with lurex.

Paper napkins decorated in a special way can add some spice to your table. There are several interesting ways folding paper napkins. Nowadays there are a wide variety of napkins on sale in various colors and with any pattern, so you can easily choose napkins based on the theme of the celebration. There are special holders for paper napkins, which are usually included with large sets. If you find only white (or plain colored) napkins, then you can design them as follows: for example, roll them into shapes: rolls, triangles, “fans”, etc. For napkins decorated in this way, if there are no special holders , use a glass or crystal goblet.

Options for using napkins in table setting

More complex options folding napkins ( step by step diagrams folding napkins)

Simple, but no less original options using napkins.

In this case, napkin rings are used, as well as flowers (real, artificial), ribbons, ribbons, snowflakes and other accessories.

Candles and candlesticks for a festive table setting

Burning candles on your table will add a special, romantic touch to the holiday atmosphere and will decorate any event. By the way, do not replace with candles full lighting: The festive table should be well and brightly lit. If the lighting is poor, your guests may get bored, and in this case the holiday will be ruined.

The color of the candles must match the rest of the table accessories (in the same color scheme as napkins, plates or wine glasses). White candles will add special solemnity to your holiday, and red ones in candlesticks decorated spruce branches, will decorate the New Year or Christmas table. At the same time, you can arrange the candles in different ways: put them in a flower arrangement, or install them in candlesticks between bouquets, arrange candles in small groups, and also screw them with wire to flower holders so that the candles rise above the bouquets.

And you can arrange candles in various candlesticks, which can be made from the most variety of material: metal, glass, porcelain, ceramics, wood, etc.

❧ At the same time, remember: the candlestick must be combined with the dishes: do not place a ceramic candlestick served with crystal on a standing position.

If you don't like the way candlesticks look on your table, place the candles in low glasses where you can even pour water - this will look especially impressive. If you want to enhance this effect, then “serve” to the table a deep tray filled with water, on which a whole “sea” of candles can fit.

Candlesticks are available in a wide variety of sizes and shapes. They also come in different heights. According to etiquette, it is customary to place long candles in low candlesticks, and short candles in high ones.

And in order for the candles to stand evenly in the candlestick, they must be burned from the ends or placed in hot water, and then, when the ends of the candles become soft, place them in the socket of a candlestick or prick a metal needle onto it.

You can also make a beautiful composition from candles. For example, by securing two, three or four candles in a clay bowl different sizes, water is poured into the container, and the space around the candles is decorated with various fresh or dried flowers - and in front of you is an original “floating” flower arrangement, which is enlivened by the candle fire reflected in the water.

If you want to decorate the table in a special way, then place small candles in low candlesticks near each guest’s place setting, as well as boutonnieres and name cards that will fit well into the overall composition.

Typically, candles are lit before guests arrive and left to burn throughout the evening. However, you should not turn off the general lights (this can only be done at the end of the evening in order to pacify the guests after a fun celebration).

And finally to the owl t: in order for candles to burn longer, they should be placed in the refrigerator for several hours before the holiday.

Options for using candles in holiday table decor

Decorating with imagination

They will help create a special holiday atmosphere additional elements table decoration, they will also provide a topic for conversation and make the feast original. All sorts of things and objects can be used as such elements. For example, you can beautifully lay it out on the table large leaves lettuce and sprinkle spices on them - this method of decoration will refresh the table and eliminate the need to put out salt and pepper shakers. The coffee table can be decorated with scattered coffee beans and chocolates laid out on carved paper saucers.

Silk ribbons look interesting, touching and cute on the table. They are selected depending on the color of the dishes or flower arrangement. Taking into account the space on the table, the ends of the ribbons can be made freely flowing or fastened with wire. Ribbons can be run from bouquets to devices, creating intricate lines and rings, but they should not touch the water in vases with flowers.

At parties, the festive table can be decorated with various silver figurines: as a rule, these are figurines in the form of birds, flowers, etc. Large figurines are placed next to flower bouquets or along the edges of the table, small ones - near each device.

You can make your own napkin rings that will match the color of your cutlery or table decorations.

For example, for each family member you can come up with a separate unusual ring: for dad - a smooth metal or woven wire, for mom - knitted, etc. For each holiday you can choose special rings: for a New Year's feast - rings made from an artificial branch spruce or silver tinsel; for a festive dinner - made of solid silver; For romantic evening- made of tulle ribbon tied with a lush bow or made of artificial pearls.

Table setting is not only a tribute to tradition, but also the creation of a certain atmosphere during the meal. On the one hand, setting refers to preparing the table for eating, the correct arrangement of cutlery and utensils. On the other hand, table setting can refer to the items themselves:

  • tablecloth,
  • devices,
  • dishes,
  • glasses,
  • napkins,
  • accessories.

Despite the list of rules for table setting, it may differ and is selected individually for the event and the level of the event being organized. Such a variety of design options will allow you to move away from the strict rules of arranging items on the table and will not violate the norms of classic table setting. Depending on the time of day and the meal menu, serving can be full, selective or minimal. The main thing is that the following requirements are met:

  1. compliance with the level of service and menu,
  2. preservation overall composition serving and maintaining the interior of the room,
  3. do not go beyond the theme of the evening or the national characteristics of the cuisine.

Correct order of table setting

  • choice of tablecloth,
  • arrangement of plates,
  • serving of cutlery,
  • selection of appropriate glasses, glasses and shot glasses,
  • design and decoration with napkins (fabric, paper),
  • putting spices on the table,
  • selection of flowers and vases.

Table setting can be done for:

  • breakfast,
  • lunch,
  • lunch,
  • a full dinner,
  • banquet,
  • buffet,
  • tea party

Stages of table setting

The correct selection of all serving elements will allow you to demonstrate not only your culture, but also your hospitality. With the right table setting, you can show your guests that the whole evening will be spent... top level and how important this event is for the organizers of the holiday. To properly decorate a table at home, you need to take turns understanding all the components of table setting.

Choosing the right tablecloth

Any table setting begins with this, so it is important to decide on the design of the tablecloth from the very beginning. Make sure that it does not go beyond the overall theme of the event and sets the right atmosphere for the table and interiors. For big and significant holidays, you should choose shiny fabrics. On a regular weekday, linen and thick tablecloths that are not overloaded with patterns or ornaments are suitable. When assembling a table in a narrow circle of close people, it is better to stop at pastel shades without distracting the attention of guests.

Any tablecloth needs to be washed and ironed, otherwise it will be unpleasant for people to sit at a sloppy table, even if all the cutlery and beautiful dishes will be polished to a shine. Avoid using oilcloth. The tablecloth should not be too long or short, so the optimal size for it is considered to be 25 cm from the base of the table and not lower than the seats.

Serving set

Depending on the chosen menu for the evening, you need to look for possible table setting options. It is worth remembering that any guest must have at least 80 cm of table length at their disposal. Therefore, you need to alternate dishes, spices and napkins in the future based on this parameter. All devices in the set must be identical. Design, shape, sizes and colors are selected to match the interior and complement each other.

Selection of plates for serving

The first place on the table is a decorative serving plate. It should move at least 2 cm away from the edge of the table. Later, a soup plate and a plate for snacks are placed on it. If the menu includes clear soups and broths, then a cup is placed. Stepping back 8 cm from the serving area, place a pie plate (17 cm) at the top left for butter, croutons, bread and cakes. Saucers are suitable to replace this plate. Select a snack plate from the set (20 cm), which is also used for desserts.

The largest plate is considered to be a dinner plate (24–27 cm) for main courses. A snack plate is placed on it. It is customary to place one simple paper napkin between them so that the plates do not slip. This type of serving is convenient when you don’t need to replace plates. When the snack bar is cleared, the dinner plate is placed. You can simplify this serving by eliminating the dinner plate. It is necessary to prepare a utility table with a clean set of plates of all types in case there are more guests or someone drops the dishes. It should be covered with a napkin or towel in serving style.

Dishes can be made of any materials (glass, porcelain, ceramics) and have different shapes. All this is allowed in table setting. The main thing is to follow the sequence of plates and remember the distance of 50 cm between each individual plate. The owner will demonstrate his refined taste and create a more solemn atmosphere thanks to the proper arrangement of plates and other utensils. A set of glassware will be universal among most interiors and styles.

Devices for proper table setting

All utensils will be laid out around the serving plate (right, left and top). The forks from the set are laid out with the tines up, and the knife with the blade facing the plate should be placed on the right. The further the device is placed from the plate, the sooner the guest will need it. Along the edge there is a snack fork, then a fish utensil, if the menu includes corresponding dishes, and cutlery for everyone closer to the plate. They should be located at some distance from the serving plate and not go under it.

When the evening is supposed to be without dessert and with first courses, a tablespoon from the set is placed up. If dessert is on the menu, then the device is placed to the right of the outer knife. The rest of the dessert and fruit cutlery is placed on top. The size and types of cutlery must correspond to the dishes on the menu.

The length of the snack knife and fork should be equal to the diameter of the corresponding plate. The largest utensils are forks, knives and spoons. They are used to eat first and second courses, if they do not include fish in the composition. Fishing utensils differ in shape. The knife has a peak-shaped base that resembles a spatula. The fork has shorter tines and a thicker bottom. Often such sets are engraved with an image of a fish.

Dessert utensils are smaller than snack utensils and are laid out in order starting with a knife, then a fork and a spoon on top. Such forks have 3-4 teeth, and the knife has a narrower base and a sharp end. Dessert spoons are sometimes used to serve broths and in salad bowls. A more complete table setting may include cutlery for lemon, sprat, fruit and other dishes.

Selection of glasses

To begin with, the hosts of the table decide what drinks will be offered to the guests. For red wine, brandy and cognac, use large glasses. Smaller glasses are used for white wine. Champagne is bottled in tall and narrow glasses. Cocktail glasses are used for juice and water. All glasses from the set are placed on the right diagonally (45°). The water glass comes first, 1.5 cm from the knife. Then a glass for wine and a glass for vodka. Rub all glasses until shiny. Wine glasses are for juices, and glasses are for champagne and beer, and they can vary in shape. During serving coffee table Additionally, there are tulip-shaped glasses for cognac from the general set.

Serving with napkins

An individual napkin should be selected for each guest, which is usually beautifully folded onto a snack plate using one of the origami techniques. Napkins are included in the mandatory list of table setting items. However, you should not put napkins on the table under the plates. Their purpose is to protect clothing from accidental pieces of food. Plain linen napkins look impressive. Standard sizes napkins are 35x35 and 45x45 cm. Paper napkins are laid out in napkin holders, which should be accessible to everyone sitting at the table.

Additional accessories

Candlesticks, vases, ribbons, twigs, figurines can be an excellent decoration for a festive or romantic table. However, convenience should come before beauty and there is no point in filling the table with decorative details. They can interfere with serving and eating food. Flowers can liven up any table, but their length should not exceed the height of the glasses. The most optimal solution there will be a neat vase of flowers in the center of the table. When using flowers in table settings, it is worth remembering:

  • the bouquet should not have a sharp and strong smell,
  • Do not use fast-fading flowers,
  • there can be no more than 5 flowers in a vase,
  • flowers should not obscure snacks from guests or interfere with their eye contact,
  • Bouquets can include branches, field plants, fruits, coniferous branches, cereals and other ornamental grasses.

Additional utensils and dishes

Mustard, sauces, salt and pepper are placed in the center. The bread bins are at different ends of the table. Shared appetizers are arranged in a rotating pattern with individual spoons and forks. Bottled drinks are opened before dinner begins. Strong alcohol is poured into decanters, and soft drinks into jugs.

Serving order

First, appetizers and cold dishes are brought out, then the first, second and dessert come.

Festive table setting

For serving, it is better to choose simple and laconic porcelain in a set and highlight it with bright napkins, cutlery or tablecloth. Devices may be distorted in shape with curved handles. It is better to use glasses in the same style from the set and give preference to a high stem. If you plan to serve wine, then you should forget about spicy and spicy snacks. The more complex the taste and aroma of the wine, the simpler the appetizer table should be.

For a romantic evening there should not be an abundance of dishes and cutlery. It is enough to limit yourself to a fruit plate, light snacks and one main course. The color scheme should match the situation, so you can use red shades for cutlery, napkins, and a set of dishes, using a basic white tablecloth with lace trim. The main thing is that lovers are not distracted by the decor and table setting and are passionate about each other. For children's parties, table setting remains the same as for adults. The only thing that can be replaced with an expensive set of dishes is a beautiful set of disposable tableware.

Quick serving for breakfast

The color scheme should be calm. Can be used floral ornaments and drawings on dishes and napkins. In the middle of the table there is a flat plate for omelettes, sandwiches with common devices. Around there are plates from a set of bacon, cheese, vegetables and bowls with jam and preserves. Napkins are placed to the left of individual plates. Nearby there are pie plates with bread or fruit. Next, place cups for hot drinks and glasses for water, juice or milk. The cold drinks themselves are placed in carafes, and saucers are placed under the drinkware. It is customary for cutlery and cup handles to be on the right.

If a boiled egg is included in the breakfast menu, it is served on a special stand and placed on a snack plate along with a plastic spoon ( metal appliances change the taste of protein). The porridge is served in a deep plate, which is also placed on a snack plate. The teapot and coffee pot are placed in the center of the table or on the side. Don't forget about the butter dish, salt shaker, sugar bowl and napkin holder. Sometimes paper napkins are wrapped in the handle of the cup. Such nuances will add sophistication to the table.

Setting a festive table is the basis for any holiday and creating a festive mood among guests. Compliance with the rules of serving is necessary for any celebration. Beautiful festive table setting is the key to the success of the entire celebration. Behind long years A huge number of formulas and rules have been derived that must be followed when decorating the table. Hastily arranged plates and glasses, cutlery, appropriate only for certain occasions - this is the wrong approach. You need to know a lot of nuances, thanks to which you can take your event to the highest level.

First of all, the theme of the holiday is taken into account. A child's or adult's birthday, a wedding, a romantic dinner or just a get-together with friends - any occasion requires clear thinking about the future table. To make your dinner unforgettable, simply tasty food won't be enough. You need to dress up the hall where the event is held, decorate the table and convey a festive mood to your guests. The main thing in this matter is not to overdo it, since a table cluttered with dishes and decorations can cause a completely opposite impression and show the hostess’s lack of taste. The main goal is to create a positive impression on the guests both about the holiday and about the hostess herself.

If this is a party or business dinner, then you should choose a neutral, rather restrained style. If among the guests there are only relatives or friends, then the table setting can be made less formal and free by using elements decor. At the same time, the elements of decor and table setting should not only be combined with each other, but organically approach the overall interior premises.

Therefore, first you should decide on the style of the festive table. Firstly, you need to clearly know what kind of dishes will be present on the table. This fact can be used as a basis for choosing tablecloths and napkins. After this, decorative elements such as napkin holders, flower vases, etc. are selected.

Serving rules

There is a certain algorithm of actions when decorating a festive table:

  1. Tablecloth. Naturally, first you need to wash and iron it so that there is not the slightest hint of stains or wrinkles. Snow-white tablecloths look great - this classic version. Nowadays, several canvases of contrasting colors are increasingly used at once; they can be bright, or they can be pastel. Metallic fabric is in fashion.
  2. Placing the plates at such a distance from each other that guests can sit comfortably and not touch their neighbors.
  3. Laying out cutlery. How many there should be directly depends on the dishes offered and the number of guests. It is not necessary to lay out a full set of cutlery. For example, you can eat fish without special knife and forks.
  4. Arrangement glassware- glasses, wine glasses and vases. Each of them is a table decoration and is very functional. It is very important that these devices are polished to a shine, without streaks.
  5. After the above steps, it’s time for the napkins. It is best to arrange them in special rings, display them on holders, or fold them individually for each guest. You can use both cloth and paper napkins.
  6. Spices in mandatory must have correct location on the table, because everyone has their own taste and, perhaps, guests will want to make up for the lack of pepper, salt or vinegar in the served dish. Spices should be placed in several places on the table so that everyone can easily reach them.
  7. The last thing to put on the table is the appetizers.

Advice! Vases with flowers (low) will become a charming decoration for dinner, both family and business.

Dishes

Plates often set the tone for the entire table, so their choice is approached very responsibly. Gala Reception Requires Purchase new dishes. Eat special rules on which plates should be placed on the table:

  1. The edge of the table is not the best place for a plate; you should move 2-5 centimeters away from it (a distance of two fingers)
  2. For a special occasion or business presentation, it is customary to use “double plates”, placing a napkin between them to prevent the dishes from slipping
  3. You can place a plate for pies near the main one. The distance between them should be no more than 5-12 cm
  4. The plates must be placed clearly on the same line. This applies to both main and pie dishes.

You need to arrange the plates, immediately taking into account that you will need space for salad bowls, vases and cutlery.

Cutlery

During a regular lunch, each of us uses a minimum of cutlery, arranging them in random order. But the festive event requires a special layout and a certain number of forks and knives. When serving, the knife must be placed with the blade facing the plate and on the right side. As a rule, several knives are used, so their location near the plate is very important. The closest should lie table-knife, and the furthest away is for appetizers; a fish knife is placed between them. The spoon turns upside down and lies between the knives. The fork is placed on the left side of the plate. The sequence of laying out forks is the same as for knives: table, fish and snack. They are placed with the cloves up at a distance of half a centimeter from the plate.

Dessert utensils may also be required. Place them in front of the plate in the following sequence: knife, fork and spoon.

Glassware

Glassware plays a practical and decorative role. The shape of the glasses may be assessed by some guests as comfortable, while others will simply find it impossible to hold them in their hands. You also need to be able to arrange such dishes correctly:

  1. glasses for juice and mineral water placed to the right of the plate or in front of it in the center;
  2. fruit drink and kvass drink are consumed from a mug, the handle of which must be turned to the right;
  3. Alcoholic drinks are usually drunk from a glass or shot glass, depending on the type. It is necessary to maintain a distance between glassware of approximately 1 cm.

As mentioned earlier, all glassware must be polished to a shine.

Using napkins for a holiday table

Snow-white, brightly decorated napkins will add special solemnity to the table. You can make some kind of figure out of them or simply fold them in four. You can choose napkins that are the same color as the tablecloth, or that contrast with it. It’s very good when napkins not only match the color of the tablecloth, but also match its texture. You can now purchase special sets kitchen textiles, which include everything you need to set the table in the desired style.

Typically, a starched napkin is placed on top of the plate or to the right of it. Fabric napkins are created for decorative purposes; they are not used to blot your mouth. There are paper ones for this.

Should table settings be kept in one color?

Holidays are becoming increasingly popular tables, made in one color scheme. Very often lately you can hear: “What color will your wedding? or “I’ll have a raspberry birthday!”

The color of the holiday must be chosen, first of all, from your own preferences. Guests are guests, but you are the host of the holiday, and choosing the color of the decoration is one of the ways to express your “I” or convey your mood.

... Why not choose the color of the table setting to match the tone of your eyes?

Serving in one color scheme is perfect for a romantic dinner. As a rule, it is not possible to set the table in one “pure” color. But using several shades is always welcome. Red napkins, glasses and candles will perfectly support a duet with a snow-white tablecloth and the same plates.

It will be interesting to look at the table in. It is perfect for home lunches and outdoor gatherings with friends. In addition, a lot of this option is made with your own hands, for example, napkin holders with intricate shells.

Before setting the table, you should inspect the dishes and cutlery, paying attention to the quality of washing, defects, etc. If the inspection reveals, for example, a crack in the plate, a chip in the glass, a broken tine of a fork, or insufficiently clean cutlery, knives are dull, they should be replaced immediately or reprocessed.

Before setting tables, it is necessary to warm up with a handbrake and polish dishes and cutlery, glass or crystal.

You should know the cleaning techniques:

Yes, when wiping glasses The stem of the glass is taken with the left hand, wrapped with part of the towel, and with the help of the rest of the towel, the glass is wiped inside and out with the right hand.

When using this technique, great care must be taken not to break the glass.

Sparkling wine glass requires special attention, as it is difficult to penetrate its pointed bottom. Therefore, first carefully insert one end of the towel into the glass, and then the rest of it. Do not blow on glassware or use used napkins for cleaning.

At wiping the plates they are grasped with the left hand by the end of the towel, the rest of the towel is grasped with the right hand and the plate is wiped, turning it.

Cleaning forks, spoons and knives carried out alternately. One end of the towel in left hand take a few forks, and the rest of the towel in right hand Wipe each device separately.

Preparing spices and seasonings

Serious attention should be paid to the preparation of tableware items, which include salt shakers, pepper shakers, mustard pots, bottles for vinegar, sunflower or olive oil, as well as an ashtray.

Salt shaker should be made of crystal or ordinary glass, but with edges made of stainless metal. It needs to be cleaned daily. Don't put too much salt in the salt shaker.

Since fine table salt is easily moistened, it is mixed with table salt, the so-called dry salt. For this purpose, you can also put a few grains of rice in the salt shaker.

In cases where open salt shakers are used, they must be filled every day, but before that they must be washed and dried as thoroughly as possible. The surface of the salt is leveled, and the edges of the salt shaker are wiped with a towel.

Pepper shaker fill only half with dry pepper. The holes in its lid should be as small as possible. Open containers for black pepper are not used because it quickly evaporates.

Mustard requires special care. To prevent it from getting dirty on the outside, do not overfill it. To prevent the mustard from drying out, add a few drops of milk.

It is better to have spare cutlery set to replace all those that have become unusable.

Often get dirty and require replacement ashtrays. They should be cleaned with a special cloth after each use. You should not clean the ashtray in the presence of guests - it must be replaced with a clean one in a timely manner.

Seasoning Bottles (sunflower oil, vinegar, etc.) can be kept in limited quantities and serve as needed. Bottles are not filled to the top.

To distinguish vinegar from other liquids, add a few drops of red wine.

Cloudiness of sunflower oil can be eliminated by adding a little salt to it on the tip of a knife.

When setting tables, they always put salt and pepper on them.

Horseradish served with fish dishes - boiled, jellied, meat aspic, cold boiled meat and other dishes.

Mustard, if there is no meat dishes, are not placed on the table and are served upon request on a plate or small tray (when serving a meat dish, mustard mustard is required). It is better not to buy ready-made mustard, but to prepare it yourself.

Serving is the final stage of table preparation

It is important to provide at least 80 cm of table length for everyone present at the table.

Before serving, tables are covered with tablecloths. For this purpose certain techniques. First, a folded tablecloth is placed on each table. Having unfolded it on the table and taking the edges of one of the sides with both hands, they lift the tablecloth and then sharply lower their hands down, as if shaking it. Air bag formed between the table and the unfolded tablecloth, makes it possible to move it in any direction and carefully place it in the desired position so that its central fold coincides with the center of the table. The perpendicular fold should also run down the middle of the table.

When setting a table with a tablecloth, do not wrinkle it, pull it by the corners or pinch it with your fingers. The corners of the tablecloth should fall against the table legs, covering them. The descent of the tablecloth on all sides of the table should be the same - no less than 25 cm and not lower than the seat of the chair; A smaller descent of the tablecloth gives the table an unsightly appearance, and a larger one is inconvenient for those sitting.

If a rectangular table needs to be covered two tablecloths, then the first of them is laid on the side opposite from the main entrance to the hall or the main passage in it. On the second, upper tablecloth, the edge is turned inward so that a straight, even line is formed. Utility tables and sideboards are also carefully covered with tablecloths or napkins.

If you need it during a meal change the tablecloth, this should be done as quickly and almost imperceptibly as possible. Having brought a clean tablecloth, you need to move the dishes to the utility table. Then, taking the edges of a clean tablecloth and at the same time lifting the edges of the soiled one, quickly replace it. In this case, the table cover should not be exposed.

When setting the table, a certain order is followed:

- first put earthenware or porcelain dishes,

- then place the devices

- and after that they put crystal or glass.

Glasses, wine glasses, shot glasses, when placed on the table, are held by the stem.

Table settings vary depending on the nature of the meal:

- breakfast,

— or evening service to guests.


Example full table setting for evening service:

For breakfast A vase with paper napkins (or linen ones), a pie plate are placed on the table, and the snacks are served with a knife and fork, and a teaspoon. The pie plate is placed to the left of the place where the dinner or snack plate should be. The fork is placed on the left, horns up, the knife is placed on the right, with the blade to the left of the place intended for a dinner or snack plate. A teaspoon is placed behind it. Snack plates are not placed on the table, because breakfast dishes are served already placed on appropriate plates (they need to be served if the appetizer or breakfast dish is served in a salad bowl or ram, etc., since it is not customary to eat from such dishes).

For quick service during the day at lunch a placeholder plate is placed on the table and a snack bar on it, to the left of it is a pie plate, between them is a dinner fork, and to the right of the plate is a table knife and a spoon (table or dessert); The wine glass is placed in front, behind the table knife. There should also be a vase with paper napkins or linen napkins on the table, which are placed on snack plates and spices.

The distance from the edge of the table to the handles of the cutlery and the snack plate is 2 cm, and to the pie plate - 5 cm.

Snack or dinner plates are placed only when dishes are served in dishes from which it is not customary to eat.

During such a meal, it is allowed to use oilcloth on the table instead of a tablecloth or cover the tablecloth with film.

When setting the table for a leisurely lunch or dinner Place a snack plate exactly opposite the chair at a distance of 2 cm from the edge of the table, and to the left, 5-10 cm, a pie plate.

Between them, place a snack fork and a dinner fork, tines up, and to the right of the snack plate - two knives: a table knife and a dinner fork with the blade facing the plate. A wine glass is placed behind the appetizer plate to the right; Place a folded napkin on the plate.

Place salt and pepper in the middle of the table.

A vase of flowers is also placed in the center of the table. If the table is set for four people, place an ashtray on the corner or on the side facing the aisle.

When serving dishes, the serving is supplemented depending on the nature of the dishes.

An indispensable detail when setting the table - linen napkins.

Depending on the nature of the meal, they are folded different ways, keeping in mind that the napkin can be easily unfolded to wipe your lips or place it on your lap.

Also taken into account and hygiene rules: The less finger touches on the napkin, the better.

If a snack plate is not placed on the table when serving, then in its place place a starched linen napkin (no paper ones are placed) folded in four.

For lunch as well festive dinner For a banquet, napkins are often folded in the shape of conical caps: first, fold the napkin in half, and then tuck its lower end, giving it the shape of a cap.

Using tableware for serving

For serving bread, toast, baked goods:

— for individual service — pie plates (diameter 175 mm);

— for a group — bread bins, small table plates (240 mm in diameter).

In the absence of special bread vases, bread can be placed on a snack plate for home meals or during buffets and receptions.

To serve cold appetizers:

snack plates (200 mm in diameter) - they are also used as stands for salad bowls, etc.;

square salad bowls (sizes 240, 360, 480 and 720 ml) - for salads, pickles, marinades, mushrooms, etc. - from 1 to 6 servings;

trays, herring bowls 250 and 300 mm long, narrow - 100, 150 mm - for serving fish gastronomy, salmon, stellate sturgeon or sturgeon, natural or with a side dish, herring, sprat, sardines, saury, etc.;

oval dishes (350 - 400 mm long) - for appetizers from fish and meat gastronomy, banquet dishes (jellied sturgeon, pike perch, etc.);

round dishes (300 and 350 mm in diameter) - for meat and vegetable snacks, canapés and banquet dishes; turkeys, lamb saddles, etc.;

vases (diameter 240 mm) on a low leg - for signature salad (for at least 2 - 3 servings), as well as for fresh tomatoes, cucumbers or radish salads, romaine lettuce, etc.;

gravy boats (capacity 100, 200 and 400 ml) - for cold sauces or sour cream from 1 to 6 servings.

When serving, appetizer plates are first placed on the dining table; other types of utensils are used to bring appetizers to the table.

To serve first courses:

broth cups (300 ml capacity) with saucers - for broths, puree soups, as well as for soups with finely chopped meat or chicken and other products;

deep dinner plates (capacity 500 ml, diameter 240 mm) - for serving soups in full portions; small table plates are necessarily used as substitutes for them;

deep plates for serving soups in half portions (300 ml capacity) - for soups; snack plates are used as substitutes;

soup bowls with lids for 4, 6, 8, 10 servings - used for serving family dinners(Recently, a clay pot for special dishes, which is served with a deep wooden spoon and placed on a placeholder plate, has also become widespread).

To serve second courses:

small dinner plates (240 mm in diameter) - for fish, meat, poultry, game, etc.;

round dishes (diameter 500 mm) - for poultry, game dishes, vegetable dishes, cauliflower, chicken cutlets and etc.; In these dishes, the food is brought and laid out on plates, which are used to set the table before serving the main courses.

To serve dessert (sweet dishes):

small dessert plates (200 mm in diameter) - for pudding, Guryev porridge, soufflé, etc.;

deep dessert plates (200 mm in diameter) - for strawberries with cream and other sweet dishes.

To serve hot drinks:

tea cups (capacity 200, 250 ml) with saucers - for tea, coffee with milk, cocoa;

tea saucers (diameter 185 mm) for glasses;

teapots for tea leaves (capacity 250, 400 and 600 ml) - for serving;

kettles for top-up boiling water (capacity 1200-1600 ml) - for serving;

bowls (250 and 350 ml capacity) - for green tea;

coffee pots (800 ml capacity) and black coffee pots for 1, 4 and 6 servings (100 ml capacity per serving);

cups (100 ml capacity) with saucers - for black coffee, oriental coffee or chocolate (liquid) and express coffee;

milk jugs (200 ml capacity) - for milk for coffee or tea;

creamers (capacity 25, 50 and 100 ml) for 1, 2 and 4 servings;

vases - for jam, sugar;

sockets (diameter 90 mm) - for jam, honey, preserves, lemon and sugar.

To serve facts and confections:

small dessert plates (200 mm in diameter) - for apples, pears, grapes, watermelon, etc. (they differ from snack bars in their design depicting fruits; if they are not available, snack plates are served);

vases with a flat surface on a low leg (diameter 300 mm) - for pastries and round cakes;

pie plates - for serving confectionery.

Depending on the need, an appropriate number of pie, deep, small table, dessert, and snack plates is provided.

Good luck and bon appetit!

Lunches, friendly dinners and just tea parties with friends - you really want to do everything correctly and beautifully, so that everyone feels comfortable, so that
the time spent was truly enjoyable for everyone. But surprising guests with culinary talent or entertaining them with an interesting conversation is not everything.
No matter how tasty and original the treats are, it is important to serve them correctly and present them according to the rules and etiquette. Perhaps for some this seems an unimportant “tribute to tradition,” but think about it, this “science” of table setting is hundreds of years old.

The art of table setting has been formed over thousands of years, improving with each new generation. It represents a multifaceted and interesting feast culture. Just think how many peoples and nationalities there are on our Earth! Each and every one of them has not only its own cuisine and its own way of life, but also its own principles of serving dishes and rules for table setting. This science can be studied endlessly, without ceasing to be surprised and find something new.

Of course, today we will not be able to cover the entire volume of existing traditions and features, but “open the door” to this interesting world and it is quite possible now to give several answers to the question of how to set the table. I offer you several rules for the generally accepted, “European” table setting, used in many countries, including Russia.

Simple secrets table settings that we sometimes tend to forget about

Firstly, I would like to immediately clarify that each housewife makes her own decision on how to set the table. There are many options that meet the basic rules. The main thing to remember is that this “art” largely depends on the taste and wishes of the person setting the table. You shouldn’t reduce everything to financial capabilities. Believe me, a simple tablecloth with paper napkins can look very beautiful and elegant.

When starting to set the table, try to take into account the number and type of dishes, and take care in advance of the availability of the necessary dishes, cutlery and other items. For example, if the menu contains dishes that must be eaten with your hands, stock up on enough napkins or prepare a bowl for washing your hands.

When setting the table, focus on the circle of invitees (close friends, colleagues, family with children, etc.). It is necessary to provide comfortable conditions for each of the guests. If you plan to have small children at the table, most likely you will need to replace the fork and knife with a tablespoon or dessert spoon.

It is important that the table setting matches the type and occasion of the feast.
If this is a business or dinner party (for example, a get-together dinner), it is better to stick to a more restrained, neutral style. If only friends and loved ones are invited, the table setting can be more free, using additional table decorations and other things.
It is also important to remember that all elements of the table setting should not only be combined with each other, but also fit organically into the overall interior of the room. The classics are transparent glass glasses and white plates, which are universal for almost any table; if you don’t have them, try to choose the most suitable set from the available ones.

The main “favorites” of table setting, as already partially mentioned earlier, are: tablecloth, napkins, dishes, cutlery and various elements decorations. In order to correctly and quickly arrange the numerous items involved in setting the table, a certain sequence of actions is provided; guided by it, let’s try to set the table.

Answering the question “how
set the table,” it would be appropriate to say about the tablecloth

Naturally, before setting the festive table with dishes and cutlery, it must be covered with a tablecloth. Today you can find plastic and oilcloth tablecloths in stores. different colors and drawings. They are certainly beautiful, but are more suitable for everyday use.

A linen (fabric) tablecloth is considered truly festive and “homey”. It can be colored, plain or with a pattern around the edges. Her choice depends on the type of feast, the color of the dishes used, and the general interior of the room. Ideally, it should go well with curtains and upholstery (if there is one in the room).

The best option A tablecloth with a plain, preferably light, central part is considered. Bright and colorful canvases can not only distract from the dishes, but also quickly tire you due to the saturation of colors and the contrast of the pattern. If you decide to use a dark-colored tablecloth, try to match it with light-colored dishes, this will make appearance table more harmonious and pleasant.

And, most importantly. Whatever tablecloth is preferred, it must be spotlessly clean and well ironed. If you are concerned about its quality and appearance, in some cases you can cover the tablecloth with a thin transparent oilcloth or unfold a beautiful matching napkin under each plate.

Crockery and cutlery

After covering the table with a tablecloth, arrange the plates, glasses and cutlery. At the same time, it is recommended not only to wash and wipe them thoroughly, but also, if possible, to polish them to a shine. Multi-layer paper napkins or hard cotton towels that do not leave lint work well for this.

On the eve of the feast, do not be too lazy to clean the cutlery; they should not have stains or water stains. Moreover, this is not acceptable in the case of glassware for drinking: wine glasses, glasses, glasses and glasses need to be perfectly transparent, which can be easily checked against the light.
After bringing the serving items into the required condition, we begin to arrange them:

    1. a snack plate (medium-sized plate) is located at a distance of approximately 2 cm from the edge of the table strictly opposite each chair;
    2. To the left of the snack plate (at a distance of 5-15 cm) a plate for bread (pie) is placed. However, it is rarely used at home, even festive, feasts;
    3. If several dishes are provided, a small dining room is placed under the appetizer plate.

During the meal, timely change of plates is provided, in accordance with the dishes served.

Next we move on to the cutlery. The knife and tablespoon are always placed on the right side, the fork on the left. The dessert spoon is placed behind the plate, with the handle to the right. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account that according to the rules, a person begins to use the utensils lying at the outer edge, then, as the dishes change, he takes the utensils towards the plate. The distance between adjacent cutlery, as well as between the cutlery and the plate, should be 0.5 - 1 cm.

Wine glasses, glasses, tumblers, etc. are also designed for only one type of drink. The wine glass is placed on the right, the water glass on the left. More often they are displayed along one line, but it is not customary to display more than three items in a row. When the table is fully set, items for drinks are placed in two rows.

Napkins

How to set a table with napkins, or rather how to serve napkins, is a special conversation. Someday it is necessary to devote a separate article to him, talk about

folding options and possibilities for decorating the table with them. Now let’s outline a few basic rules.

This important serving attribute is used at all feasts without exception. For important holiday celebrations, linen (linen, cotton) napkins are often used; sometimes they can be replaced with paper ones. A folded napkin is placed on the appetizer plate for each guest. If paper napkins are used, they can be placed under the right edge of the plate.

Arrangement of cutlery with spices

Spices are placed at the end of the serving. They are installed in the middle part of the table on special stands. Salt and pepper are a must; mustard, table vinegar, vegetable and other seasonings - as needed (according to the menu).

How to set a festive table and
casual with jewelry

The main decoration of any table is, naturally, flowers. They are pleasing to the eye and pleasing to almost everyone. But, at the same time, when using them for serving, try to take into account several nuances:

    1. The most important thing is to make sure that none of the invited guests are allergic to this type of plant.
    2. Do not use flowers with strong odor. Mixed with the aroma of dishes, it can become cloying and produce an undesirable effect.
    3. Place the vase at an appropriate distance from dishes and cutlery, so that pollen or stray petals cannot get into the food.

In addition to flowers, figurines, various figurines and souvenirs are also used to decorate the table. So, if the reason for the feast was some holiday or family celebration, you can use the appropriate paraphernalia to decorate the table.

For example, at Christmas or New Year make a beautiful composition of candles, tinsel, Christmas decorations or souvenirs (observing safety precautions when lighting candles); for a wedding celebration use small figurines of doves, figurines of the bride and groom, flowers; when preparing a youth or children's birthday - focus on bright colors, for children - choose images of your favorite characters; When decorating a table for colleagues for a professional holiday, a good solution would be to use small items, associated with professional activities, etc. The main thing is to remember that reasonable measures are important in everything.

And also, no matter what decoration you choose, be it flower bouquet or a figurine, it should be of such a height that all guests can freely see each other.

A few words about etiquette
Try to create comfortable conditions for each of the invitees. Remember that the hostess can suggest certain seats to guests, or allow them to choose them themselves.
A used linen napkin left by the hostess on the table can serve as a sign for the end of the feast. Otherwise, even when temporarily leaving the table, both guests and hosts should under no circumstances place the napkin on the table (only on the chair).
When inviting guests, the hostess must ensure that the menu includes dishes for all guests. If for some reason a guest does not eat any food, it is important to notice this in time and, without focusing attention, offer him an appropriate replacement.

Enjoy your feasts and happy holidays with your family, friends and loved ones!

Tatiana Raduga



This article is also available in the following languages: Thai

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    THANK YOU so much for the very useful information in the article. Everything is presented very clearly. It feels like a lot of work has been done to analyze the operation of the eBay store

    • Thank you and other regular readers of my blog. Without you, I would not be motivated enough to dedicate much time to maintaining this site. My brain is structured this way: I like to dig deep, systematize scattered data, try things that no one has done before or looked at from this angle. It’s a pity that our compatriots have no time for shopping on eBay because of the crisis in Russia. They buy from Aliexpress from China, since goods there are much cheaper (often at the expense of quality). But online auctions eBay, Amazon, ETSY will easily give the Chinese a head start in the range of branded items, vintage items, handmade items and various ethnic goods.

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        What is valuable in your articles is your personal attitude and analysis of the topic. Don't give up this blog, I come here often. There should be a lot of us like that. Email me I recently received an email with an offer that they would teach me how to trade on Amazon and eBay.

  • It’s also nice that eBay’s attempts to Russify the interface for users from Russia and the CIS countries have begun to bear fruit. After all, the overwhelming majority of citizens of the countries of the former USSR do not have strong knowledge of foreign languages. No more than 5% of the population speak English. There are more among young people. Therefore, at least the interface is in Russian - this is a big help for online shopping on this trading platform. eBay did not follow the path of its Chinese counterpart Aliexpress, where a machine (very clumsy and incomprehensible, sometimes causing laughter) translation of product descriptions is performed. I hope that at a more advanced stage of development of artificial intelligence, high-quality machine translation from any language to any in a matter of seconds will become a reality. So far we have this (the profile of one of the sellers on eBay with a Russian interface, but an English description):
    https://uploads.disquscdn.com/images/7a52c9a89108b922159a4fad35de0ab0bee0c8804b9731f56d8a1dc659655d60.png