The maroon beret is the symbol of a special forces unit. It can be worn only by those military personnel who were able to prove this right with their professional, physical and moral qualities. Also, the right to wear is automatically awarded to servicemen of special forces units and units who participated in hostilities and were seriously injured and injured, which do not allow them to participate in tests for the right to wear a beret.
Purpose of the test
There are two main purposes of testing. The first is the definition of military personnel who have the highest individual training for actions to neutralize armed criminals, free hostages, as well as to perform various other tasks that arise in critical situations and emergencies. The second goal is to create an incentive among the servicemen of the special forces troops to cultivate high moral and strong-willed qualities.
Military personnel who serve under a contract or conscription (but who have served at least six months in a special forces unit) are allowed to pass the tests. At the same time, a fighter must show excellent knowledge and skills in all subjects of combat training (and have a grade in subjects not lower than “good”), and also receive a positive reference in the service. When passing the test for the right to wear a beret, the main subjects are special fire, special physical and tactical training of internal troops.
preliminary test
Before a fighter is allowed to pass qualification tests, he must pass the final test for the period of training under the program of special forces units. At the same time, the overall assessment should not be lower than "good", and the assessment for special fire, special physical and tactical training of internal troops - "excellent".
Admission to the main tests for the maroon beret is carried out by the chairman of the Council of Maroon berets on the basis of the report of the unit commander and subject to the successful completion of the preliminary tests by the test subjects.
Preliminary tests include a 3000m run, a pull-up, and a 4x10 test that includes push-ups, crouching, lying down, abs, jumping squats, and is performed in seven repetitions.
All test takers must pass this test 2-3 days before the main qualification tests.
Main test
The main qualification tests are a set of exercises that are carried out within one day. The test includes a forced march of at least 10 km, followed by overcoming a special obstacle course in extreme conditions, testing training for storming high-rise buildings, acrobatics and hand-to-hand combat.
Before first stage test- forced march, briefing is carried out. All subjects line up on the parade ground, after which the unit commander conducts a briefing and gives the command to march.
During the forced march, the commander may be given the following introductory steps to perform: sudden “shelling” by the enemy, air attack, overcoming a water barrier, overcoming a site of contamination with poisonous substances, overcoming blockages, swampy areas and other natural obstacles, evacuating the wounded from the field combat, performing physical exercises, flexion and extension of the arms in the prone position. In this case, the obligatory input is only to overcome the water barrier.
The control time is set directly by the unit commander, and is determined depending on the season, weather conditions and the general terrain. The total time allotted for the forced march should not exceed two hours. All military personnel who did not meet the control time for the passage of the forced march are not allowed to further tests. Also, very often during the forced march, various psychological tests of a provocative nature are carried out with the subjects, which are aimed at identifying psychologically unstable military personnel.
next step obligatory test is overcoming a special obstacle course. This happens immediately, without preparation, immediately after the completion of the forced march.
During the first two stages, all subjects are accompanied by special instructors who already have a maroon beret, at the rate of 1 instructor per 5 subjects. They monitor how military personnel comply with the established standards, and, if necessary, organize and manage the evacuation of injured and unconscious subjects to a mobile medical station.
At the same time, it is strictly forbidden for instructors to provide any assistance to the subjects during their passage of a march or an obstacle course, as well as directly intervene in the process of passing the test, give any commands and orders, change the test program.
Also, 5-7 checkpoints are established along the entire route. They control the time of passing the test, and also those military personnel who are more than 50 meters behind the main group of subjects are removed from the forced march.
The charges, which are installed for detonation on a special obstacle course, must be hung on poles to enhance the sound power, as well as to prevent the throwing of stones and other objects during the explosion. The area where the charges are located must be marked with red tape and signposts with the inscription "Explosive, no passage!".
Smoke on the obstacle course is carried out using products RDG-2B and RDG-2Ch of low intensity. They are installed in such a way that obstacles and control marks are visible, in order to avoid deviating the subjects from the route.
After the soldiers successfully pass a special obstacle course, in order to check the condition of the weapon after passing the first two stages, they must make one blank shot from it. This is done in the following way.
All subjects , who have passed the march throw and overcame the obstacle course, line up in one line. The commander announces the list by name, after which the serviceman, whose last name was named, goes out of order, sends a blank cartridge from the magazine into the chamber of the machine gun and fires upward. If the weapon misfires, the serviceman is not allowed to further tests.
After checking the weapon, there isthird stagea mandatory test for a maroon beret is a test of high-speed shooting skills against the background of body fatigue. The test subjects move to the firing line to perform a special training exercise of firing from a machine gun. The commander must organize the shooting in such a way that it takes no more than 20 seconds for one test subject.
next step a mandatory test is to test the skills of a soldier in storming high-rise buildings using special descending equipment. The test is carried out on a special five-story building.
The course is the following. The subject starts one step from the window of the room on the 5th floor. At the command of the commander, he connects the carabiner of the belay device to his halyard and begins to descend. Having reached the window opening on the fourth floor, he must fire a burst of five blank cartridges from the machine gun. In the window opening of the third floor, the subject must prepare an imitation grenade for throwing, and having reached the window opening of the second floor, he kicks out a mock-up of the window frame and throws the grenade there. After that, the subject descends to the ground.
The time to complete this test shall be no more than 45 seconds. Anyone who did not meet this time will not be allowed to proceed to the next stages.
The next fifth step test is the performance of acrobatic exercises. The subject must perform the following exercises one after the other without installation: kip-up from a supine position, a kick on the silhouette, followed by a somersault and a somersault forward from an acrobatic springboard or a flip bridge.
Then comes the stage performing 1, 2, 3, 4 sets of special exercises. In order for the complex to be counted as completed, the subject must perform everything clearly, without failures and errors, in strict sequence, and with high quality of individual blocks and strikes.
The last and most important step testing for the right to wear a maroon beret is the conduct of training fights. The duel is held for 12 minutes without stopping with the change of 4 partners. One of the partners is necessarily an inspector who already has a maroon beret. A serviceman who has passed all 12 minutes without a knockout is recognized as having passed the last stage, and at the same time he himself actively acted throughout the entire time. Based on the results of the training duel, an assessment of “why” or “failure” is given. It is given by the inspector who participated in sparring with the subject, as well as by the members of the certification committee who controlled the fights of the subjects.
Under the terms of the test, within 12 minutes of the training battle, you can ask for medical assistance on the site, lasting no more than 1 minute.
One examiner must check three subjects in turn. If about conducting a training fight, when two test subjects participate in sparring, they behave passively with each other, they break a couple, and inspectors conduct fights with each of them. If the subjects still behave passively during the fight, they are again broken.
Very often, during a training duel, inspectors make a gross mistake. This is when the inspectors are replaced by a "fresh" person, who ultimately carries out practically beating the subject already tired with loads and training combat. Also, in the history of qualifying tests for the right to wear a maroon beret, there were cases when the inspectors themselves were deprived of maroon berets because they were not able to conduct 12 minutes of a training duel.
The most important thing when conducting tests is the decision of the doctor. By his decision, the subject may be removed from further testing.
Evaluation of test performance
At the time of the certification exam, a special commission is created in the unit, which is given by order for the unit. At each stage of passing the exam, members of the commission evaluate the behavior of the subject, entering the result of the exercise performed into the protocols. At all stages, the subject receives the mark "pass" or "fail". In case of receiving a negative assessment, the subject is not allowed to continue the exam. Also during the test, comments may be made, which are also recorded in the protocol. If there are three comments, the subject is also removed from the test. A maroon beret can only be received by a serviceman who has passed all the tests with a “pass” rating.
Presentation of a maroon beret
In case of successful completion of the test, the serviceman is awarded a maroon beret. This happens during the general construction of the unit and in a solemn atmosphere.
The serviceman, who was able to prove the right to wear a maroon beret, turns to face the ranks, drops to his right knee, kisses the beret and puts it on his head. Then he puts his hand to the headdress and loudly pronounces the phrase “I serve the Fatherland! And SWAT!
After that, the results of passing the test for the right to wear a maroon beret are drawn up in a special act and are given by order in parts. On the basis of it, a soldier has the right to wear a maroon beret with everyday and dress uniforms. Also, in the column of the military beret “Special Marks”, an entry is made about the right to wear a maroon beret, which is sealed with the official seal of the unit.
In addition to passing the mandatory test, the maroon beret may also be awarded according to the decision of the maroon beret council in the following cases:
- For courage and courage shown by servicemen in the performance of military duty in combat operations and special operations.
- When a soldier receives serious wounds, mutilations or contusions during special operations or in the course of hostilities, which do not allow, for health reasons, to pass tests for a maroon beret.
- Servicemen of formations, districts of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia - for special merits in the development of special forces and units.
Deprivation of the right to wear a maroon beret
Also, in the event that a soldier wearing a maroon beret commits misconduct that discredits the high rank of a soldier of a special forces unit, he may be deprived of the further right to wear a maroon beret. The fact of discrediting is determined by the following actions:
- The manifestation of elements of cowardice and cowardice in the course of hostilities.
- Miscalculations and unreasonable actions that entailed the death of comrades, disruption of a combat mission and other grave consequences.
- Reducing the level of their physical and special training.
- The use of special hand-to-hand combat techniques outside the combat situation and for selfish purposes.
- Allowing for inappropriate relationships.
- Gross violations of general military regulations and criminal law.
- Systematic violation of military discipline.
It should be noted that the decision to deprive the right to wear a maroon beret can only be made by the council of maroon berets and at the request of the unit commander.
Tests for wearing a maroon beret can be carried out at least once every six months. When passing the test for the right to wear a maroon beret by servicemen of the support and maintenance units of a special-purpose military unit, they are not subjected to a high-altitude training test, but are checked to meet the standards in their specialty. When passing all the tests, a mobile medical center is deployed.
When passing tests, military personnel are equipped as follows. For the first four stages, starting with the forced march, and ending with the test of the ability to storm buildings, the person being tested must be wearing a bulletproof vest, a protective helmet and a service weapon. For the acrobatic test - field uniform and running shoes. For training fights - a protective vest, a motorcycle open helmet and boxing gloves.
Lieutenant Colonel Andrey Yesis, Deputy Commander of the 3rd Separate Special Forces Brigade of Internal Troops for combat training, is in the thick of things at all marathon marathons. Conducts gathering of candidates for berets in the Volovshchina, solves organizational issues, gives recommendations to the test subjects, conducts forced marches, controls the overcoming of stages, together with other authoritative "krapoviks" makes the final decision based on the results of the performances of applicants for the right to wear a headdress that is iconic for the fighters of explosives and riot police .
Lieutenant Colonel Andrei Yesis
In an interview with Spetsnaz magazine, Lieutenant Colonel Yesis, in particular, spoke about some of the nuances of preparing for qualification tests, which, as you know, take place in internal troops twice a year - in spring and autumn.
“We have a well-established system of work to prepare for the surrender. It is easier to prepare people in the general flow. But the surrenders are not the same. I myself passed three times and each time went to the stages in a new way,” admitted the deputy commander of military unit 3214. “Always there are certain distinctive points. Let's say if spring is one specificity of training, and autumn is completely different. Why is it more difficult to train fighters after winter for spring surrender? tests at the peak of form are much more difficult than in the warm season. I would not say that those who take the beret in the spring are less prepared. But their level of general physical fitness is definitely lower. In the fall it is another matter. After all, candidates who did not become owners of the maroon beret in April or May, strive for a dream, move forward.In the summer, potential candidates actively participate in competitions, for example, in hand-to-hand combat, in military-tactical competitions at various levels.There is a preparatory process, then its logical conclusion - training camps to prepare for qualification tests. So, frankly, in the fall, beret candidates are well prepared.
Andrey Yesis also noted that there are no trifles in special forces exams. And, despite the support of colleagues from the platoon, company, experienced "nettlers", no one will overcome the stages for the applicant.
“In general, I am a supporter of the fact that the owners of the maroon beret approach the applicants less during the surrender. Because it turns out biased: someone has a friend-comrade who runs nearby, encourages, but someone doesn’t. Everywhere on his own, on his own! After all, then he will be a "maroon", to defend the honor and dignity of the beret, "- such is the opinion of one of the most authoritative representatives of the Maroon Brotherhood of Belarus.
Andrey Viktorovich also told the readers of "Spetsnaz" what mistakes candidates for berets should avoid. Read the full text of the conversation with the deputy commander of the 3rd separate special forces brigade in the recently received newsstand
Maroon beret(in the Russian Federation) - uniform headdress. The highest form of distinction for military personnel of special forces units of the National Guard of Russia (formerly Internal Troops MIA USSR and Russia).
It is assigned in the order of passing tough qualification tests and is the subject of exclusive pride of the commando.
Military personnel under contract and military personnel on conscription (who have served at least a year in special forces units (OMON, SOBR) of the National Guard Troops) and who have shown solid knowledge and skills in all subjects of combat training of this course (with a general grade not lower than "good"), positively characterized by service. In this course, the main subjects are special fire, special physical and tactical training of the troops of the national guard of Russia.
In addition to the military personnel of the National Guard of Russia, employees of special units of the Russian Federal Service for Military Guard, police MIA Russia and FSIN Russia.
To the owners of the maroon beret instead T-shirts combined arms type relies on wearing vest in maroon stripes.
Story
1979-1987
In the American special forces, nothing was ever given for nothing, everything had to be earned. The right to wear the green beret was earned through grueling trials, through blood and sweat.
Note: the test subject is allowed to provide medical assistance on the site for no more than 1 minute during the fight.
Peculiarities
- If there are three comments, the serviceman is removed from further tests.
- It is impossible for all participants to pass the test. Only 20-30% of those taking part reach the second and third tests.
- It is strictly forbidden for instructors to assist the subjects during the march and overcome obstacles, as well as to interfere in the test process, to give any commands and orders to help the participant.
- The doctor's decision on trials is the most important thing.
- Since 2009, the standard for "altitude" was not 45 seconds, but 30 seconds. Taking into account the fact that the subject must run away from the building that he stormed, 15 meters and put the "eight" on the table or hit the table with his palm.
- After performing acrobatic elements, the subjects show sets of special exercises: three sets of hand-to-hand combat and one with weapons.
award ceremony
Deprivation of the right to wear
For actions that discredit the rank of a soldier of a Special Forces unit, a soldier may be deprived of the right to wear a maroon beret. Discrediting the rank of a soldier of a special forces unit is:
- Manifestation of cowardice and cowardice in the course of hostilities;
- Miscalculations and unreasonable actions that led to the death of comrades, disruption of a combat mission and other grave consequences;
- Reducing the level of their physical and special training;
- The use of special hand-to-hand combat techniques outside the combat situation and for selfish purposes;
- Allowing hazing;
- Gross violations of general military regulations and criminal law;
- Systematic violation of military discipline.
The decision to deprive the right to wear a maroon beret is made by the Council of maroon berets of a military unit at the request of the unit commander.
"...hand-to-hand the battle in the "Vityaz" occupied a special place. The emblem of the "Vityaz" (and the entire special forces of the Internal Troops) depicts a fist with a machine gun. This emblem commander"peeped" at the Cuban special forces MIA. On their chevron, against the background of a parachute, they have a Kalashnikov assault rifle and a fist above it. And the inscription "TROPAS ESPECIALES". To be honest, absolutely uninteresting and unimpressive chevron. But he helped to form an idea in the head of the Vityaz commander to the end. Commander added PBBS to the machine gun (a device for silent and flameless shooting - in the common people "silencer"). And the fist did more and brought it to the fore. Weapons with PBBS belong to the category of special weapons and are in service with special forces units. But the fist symbolizes the CULT of HAND FIGHT. And all together this symbolizes a SPECIAL purpose unit - a special weapon,
Position
about conducting qualification tests
for the right to wear a maroon beret by veterans
Special Forces.
Moscow
2018
Introduction
The maroon beret is a symbol of valor and professionalism and is worn by military personnel and veterans of the SSN who have earned the right to wear it, who have passed qualification tests or who have been seriously injured and injured in battle and do not allow them to participate in qualification tests.
Qualification tests for the right to wear a maroon beret were developed in 1986. Tests are being carried out on all troops to the present. During this period, the delivery methodology has undergone minor changes. Since 2009, the admission to pass qualification tests for the right to wear a maroon beret for military personnel of the START units serving on conscription has been discontinued. In this regard, the veteran organizations of the “maroon berets” received many applications from former military personnel about their desire to be able to participate in qualification tests for the right to wear a maroon beret. In this regard, consultations were held with the Regional Council of Maroon Berets of Special Forces Veterans. A conference of the Moscow Regional Council of the Maroon Berets of Special Forces Veterans was held with the agenda "On conducting qualification tests for the right to wear a maroon beret among veterans of the special forces." At the conference, the wishes of the ROSKBVSSN were taken into account and, by unanimous vote, qualification tests for the right to wear a maroon beret among SSN veterans were organized and conducted by the Moscow Regional Council of Maroon berets on the basis of the Vityaz Training Center.
Note: Qualification tests should not be taken as a formal event for longtime veterans. During the test, no concessions will be given to anyone. The test will be adequate to the qualification tests conducted in the CSN "Vityaz". And which of the active maroon berets will have doubts about the authenticity of the tests, you are welcome to confirm your right to wear a maroon beret by taking part in our qualification tests.
The procedure for conducting qualification tests for the right to wear a maroon beret among veterans of the special forces, admission to participation in qualification tests for the right to wear maroon berets is carried out by the chairman of the Council of maroon berets based on the report of the senior group of instructors on the results of testing.
Testing.
Pull-ups on the bar: 15 times
3000 meters run: 12,30
Complex strength exercise.
1 exercise. Flexion and extension of the arms in the lying position.
2 exercise. From the position "emphasis-crouching" take the position "emphasis-lying" and return to the position "emphasis-crouching".
3 exercise. From the “crouching” position on one knee, hands behind your head, jump up, tearing the soles of your shoes off the ground and sit on the other knee.
4 exercise. Lying on your back, lifting straight legs with the toes of the shoes touching behind the head.
Each exercise is performed 10 times. It is necessary to repeat 5 full cycles.
Complex acrobatic exercise.
1 element. Kicking up from a supine position.
2 element. A kick to the silhouette followed by somersault.
3 element. Somersault forward from an acrobatic springboard or a flybridge.
Sparring.
According to the rules of boxing, the fight formula is 2 rounds of 3 minutes to determine the level of preparation of the candidate.
A set of special hand-to-hand combat exercises: (1-2-3)
Qualification tests for the right to wear the maroon beret:
Stage 1. Forced march 10 km over rough terrain with overcoming four water obstacles and climbing to a high-rise with a steepness of 30 - 45 degrees.
In the course of the march, the introductory ones are decided:
Throwing out from under enemy artillery fire
Carrying the wounded
Sudden preparation for battle
Crawling over a piece of terrain under intense enemy fire
Actions on the "Grenade" command; "Flash";
Performing special physical exercises:
Walking with goose step;
Flexion and extension of the arms in the lying position;
Performing somersaults.
Throughout the route, 8 checkpoints will be organized, where a mobile medical station will be located to provide medical assistance to the subjects if necessary. Candidates who are 50 m or more behind the main group are removed from the test.
Throughout the route, a group of test subjects is accompanied by a team of instructors at the rate of 1 instructor for 5 test subjects, with the task of monitoring the actions of the test subjects on the march, and, if necessary, evacuating the test subjects to the nearest checkpoint.
Uniform and equipment: Military uniform, bulletproof vests of the 5th class of protection, protective helmets of the 2nd class of protection, MMG Kalashnikov assault rifles.
Stage 2. Overcoming a special obstacle course (SPP) immediately from the march.
After the march is completed without rest, the calculation is carried out in fours, and the subjects are sent to overcome the SPP, the lanes are provided selectively in the following order:
Overcoming a concrete fence;
Entrance to the bus through the front left window, exit through the back door;
Climbing an inclined board to the white line, moving with holding on to the fence, descending the pipe;
Overcoming obstacles from auto - tires, to the white line;
Overcoming the Swedish regiment;
Overcoming the obstacle "bus" on the ladder;
Overcoming the vertical maze;
Overcoming 1 section of the cable slide;
Crawling under the 2nd section of the cable slide;
Overcoming the destroyed flight of stairs;
Overcoming the labyrinth in the barn on the 1st floor;
Climbing onto the household complex. building. Movement on rooftops, jumping to an auxiliary platform and to the ground.
Stage 3. Special fire training.
Execution of 1 SUUS from the machine immediately after overcoming the SPP against the background of fatigue. The exercise is performed from behind cover, the shooting position is at the choice of the shooter.
Building on the platform. Time 10 minutes to prepare for the next stage.
Stage 4. Checking actions to storm a high-rise object.
During these 10 minutes after overcoming a special obstacle course, the test subjects change into dry uniforms and put on special descending equipment. They receive training pistols (pistols of limited destruction, firing cartridges with rubber bullets), models of hand grenades. At the command of the instructor, who is senior at this stage, the subjects are built near the tower of the simulator, simulating a high-altitude object. Those who did not meet the set time (10 minutes) are not allowed to further tests.
Exercise order:
The test subjects on the command “Prepare to perform the exercise” climb to the 4th floor of the tower, attach the halyard to the carbine, step over the fence and report on readiness, (the pistol is loaded with three cartridges of limited destruction, the cartridge is sent to the chamber, the trigger is deactivated, the pistol is holstered, a grenade mock-up is attached to the trigger equipment (it is forbidden to attach a grenade to the ring with a pin.) The releasing instructor, having checked the correct fit and fastening of the trigger equipment, gives the command “Forward.” At this command, the test subject descends to the 4th floor, takes out a pistol, descends to the upper cut of the window of the 3rd floor , fires at the targets with three shots and holsters the pistol, picks up a mock grenade, descends to the upper cut of the 2nd floor window, throws a grenade through the window, descends to the upper cut of the 1st floor window, lands, disconnects the halyard, runs 5 meters and crosses the control line The time to complete this exercise is 30 seconds.The subjects who do not meet it are not allowed to further tests.
Stage 5 Special physical training.
The stage consists of three disciplines:
Acrobatic exercises
Performing complexes of special exercises in hand-to-hand combat
Training fights
Time to prepare for the stage 10 minutes.
Acrobatic exercises.
The subject, on the command "Prepare", lies down in the initial position lying on his back, on the command "Forward", he makes the rise by kip to the standing position. Makes a run, jumps with a blow with two legs on the silhouette (image on the wall), followed by a somersault flight, gets to his feet, runs up and performs somersaults using a flip board, after somersaults it is allowed to perform one somersault.
Performing complexes of special exercises in hand-to-hand combat.
1;2;3 - hand and foot technique
4 - the use of a machine gun in hand-to-hand combat.
The complexes are described in Appendix No. 1.
Training fights.
The fight is played for 12 minutes without a break. A candidate who has held out in fights without a knockdown and is actively active is considered to have passed the test. The checking instructor alternately sparred with each of the three subjects, the candidates sparred among themselves. In the case of passive fights between the test subjects, they are “broken up” for one minute and each of them is fought by inspectors who must participate in the tests of the next test subjects. If the subjects still show passivity, the "breaking" of pairs is repeated.
Hosts are assigned at the rate of two instructors for three subjects and change every 4 minutes 30 seconds. But at the same time, the fights are conducted correctly, without rudeness and beatings.
Subjects showing passivity or showing low volitional and technical qualities of combat are disqualified.
Making a decision by the qualification commission on candidates who have passed the test.
After the completion of the test, the attestation commission meets, which compares the results of the checklists and makes decisions on candidates who have passed the test.
Handing maroon berets.
Candidates who have successfully passed the qualification tests are given maroon berets before the formation in a solemn atmosphere.
In the special purpose detachment "Vityaz" twice a year - in spring and autumn, qualification tests are held for the right to wear a maroon beret.
From the first days of the formation of the URSN, officers and warrant officers came up with a distinction - “ maroon beret". The head of the combat training of the internal troops, Lieutenant General Sidorov, supported and approved this idea, and on his instructions, the first 25 berets made of maroon fabric were ordered at one of the factories.
From 1978 to 1988 berets were worn during demonstration classes by a small group of military personnel, as well as officers and sergeants on public holidays. In 1988, the father of one of the servicemen (Sergeant Simanenko) made a gift to our company - 113 berets made of maroon-colored cloth (the staff strength of the URSN). For six months, maroon berets were put on with the tacit consent of senior commanders, finding any reason for this. Having once again read the book by M. Szabo "Alpha Team" (memories of a former soldier of the US Special Forces), which described the process of selecting, recruiting and training "green berets", the attitude of ordinary military personnel and the leadership of the Armed Forces and Special Operations Forces towards them changed. S.I. Lysyuk had the idea to introduce a special exam and thereby raise the authority of the “maroon beret”. Having received support from special forces instructors, they jointly compiled an examination program, which, with minor changes, still exists today.
In the initial period, qualification tests had to be carried out illegally, under the guise of complex control classes. The wearing of a maroon beret by the elite did not find understanding among the command, which believed that all military personnel of special forces units should wear this insignia, regardless of their level of training. But time has taken its toll! The successful actions of the special forces in special operations, their moral and psychological training proved in practice the importance of these tests, which have become a tradition recognized by the command of the internal troops of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs. The regulation "On the qualification tests of military personnel for the right to wear a maroon beret" is an annex to the combat training of special forces units of the internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.
Regulations "On qualification tests for the right to wear a maroon beret"
Maroon beret is a symbol of a special forces unit and is worn only by those military personnel who have been awarded this right for their professional, physical and moral qualities, as well as by military personnel of special forces units and units who took part in hostilities and in special operations and were seriously injured and maimed not allowed to participate in the trials.
I. Purpose of testing:
1. To identify military personnel with the highest individual training for actions to neutralize armed criminals, free hostages and perform other tasks in critical situations and under emergency circumstances.
2. Creation of an incentive for the education of high moral qualities of military personnel.
II. Contract servicemen and conscripted servicemen (who have served at least six months in special forces units) and who have shown solid knowledge and skills in all subjects of combat training of this course (with an overall rating of no lower than “good”) are allowed to test, who are positively characterized in service . In this course, the main subjects are special fire, special physical and tactical training of internal troops.
1. Admission to the tests is carried out by the chairman of the Council of Krapov Berets on the basis of the report of the unit commander and the successful passing of the preliminary tests by the subjects.
Testing:
- running 3 thousand meters;
- pull-up (according to NFP-87);
- test 4x10 (push-ups from the floor, crouching emphasis, lying emphasis, abdominal exercise, jumping out of a crouching position) is carried out in seven repetitions.
Testing is carried out 2-3 days before the qualification tests.
2. The main tests are carried out on one day and include a forced march of at least 10 km, followed by overcoming obstacles in extreme conditions, testing training for storming high-rise buildings, acrobatics and hand-to-hand combat.
At all stages of the test, by order of the unit, the eldest of the commanders of the units, their deputies or officers of the headquarters of the special purpose unit is appointed.
Before making a forced march, the subjects line up on the parade ground.
The unit commander conducts briefings and gives the order to march.
A. When making a forced march, the introductory ones are decided:
- sudden "shelling" by the enemy;
- attack from the air;
- overcoming a water barrier (mandatory);
- site of contamination with OM;
- overcoming blockages, swampy areas and other natural obstacles;
- evacuation of the wounded from the battlefield;
- performance of physical exercises, flexion and extension of the arms in the position of emphasis lying.
The control time for the forced march is set by the unit commander, depending on the time of year, weather conditions and terrain. The time for the forced march should not exceed two hours.
Servicemen who do not meet this time are not allowed to further tests.
During the forced march, psychological tests of a provocative nature are possible to identify psychologically unstable subjects.
B. A special obstacle course is overcome on the move after the march.
During stages A and B, the test subjects are accompanied by instructors with “maroon berets”, at the rate of 5 test subjects, 1 instructor, who monitors the compliance of the test subjects with the established standards, and, if necessary, evacuates the injured and unconscious to a mobile medical station.
It is strictly forbidden for instructors to assist the subjects in marching and overcoming obstacles, as well as to interfere in the test process, to give any commands and orders.
Throughout the route, 5-7 checkpoints are determined, at which subjects who are more than 50 meters behind the general group are removed from the march.
Charges prepared for detonation at the SPP should be hung on poles to enhance the sound power and prevent the throwing of stones and other objects on the ground.
The location of the charges along the SPP is marked with a red ribbon and signposts "Explosive, no passage!".
Smoke is carried out by RDG-2B and RDG-2Ch products of low intensity, so that obstacles and control marks are visible in order to prevent trainees from running into charges !!!
After passing the OSHP, in order to check the condition of the weapon during the forced march and overcoming obstacles, one blank shot is fired from the service weapon in the order indicated below.
The subjects who made the march and passed the SPP line up in one line. The commander announces the list, the serviceman goes out of order, sends a blank cartridge from the magazine into the chamber of the machine gun and fires upwards, in case of failure of the weapon, the subject is not allowed to further tests.
IN. Checking the skills of high-speed shooting against the background of fatigue.
Trainees immediately after checking the operability of the weapon are advanced to the firing line to perform 1 SUUS from the machine gun. The commander must think over and organize the shooting in such a way that it takes no more than 20 seconds for the shooter.
G. Testing skills in storming high-rise buildings using special descending equipment is carried out on a five-story building.
The starting position of the person being checked is one step from the window in the room on the 5th floor. On command, the person being checked attaches the SSU carbine to the halyard and begins the descent. In the window opening on the 4th floor, he fires a burst from a machine gun with five blank cartridges. In the window opening on the 3rd floor, he prepares an imitation grenade, on the 2nd floor he kicks out a mock-up window frame and throws a grenade. After that, it descends to the ground. The duration of this exercise is 45 seconds.
Those who do not meet this time are not allowed to the subsequent tests.
D. Performing acrobatic exercises.
- lifting by kip from a supine position;
- kick on the silhouette followed by somersault;
- a somersault forward from an acrobatic springboard or a flip bridge.
Exercises should be performed one after the other without stopping.
E. Performing 1, 2, 3, 4 sets of special exercises.
The complex is considered completed if the subject clearly, without failures, in strict sequence, with high quality of individual blocks and blows, completed the entire complex.
AND. Training fights (have a special meaning).
The duel is fought for 12 minutes without a break with the change of 4 partners, one of which is the inspector (a soldier who already has a maroon beret).
A serviceman who has survived without a knockout and has been active himself for 12 minutes is considered to have passed the test. The assessment "pass", "fail" is given by the inspector (conducting sparring with the subjects) and members of the commission who control the fights of the subjects.
Note:
The subject is allowed to provide medical care on the site for no more than 1 minute during the battle.
One examiner checks three subjects in turn.
- checking |
- 1st test subject |
- 2nd subject |
- 3rd test subject |
| - designation of the duel | |||
| 1 to 4 minutes | |||
| 4 to 8 minutes | |||
| from 8 to 12 minutes |
In the case of a passive duel between the test subjects, they are “smashed” for one minute, and each of them is fought by inspectors who will participate in the tests of the next test subjects. If the subjects still show passivity, the "breaking" is repeated.
The grossest mistake, which is practiced and is present in all special forces units, is the replacement of the inspector with a "fresh one", and from here comes the beating of the subjects weary with loads. In the history of qualification tests, there were cases when the testers were stripped of their maroon berets for failing to complete the test within 12 minutes.
The pursuit of the number of maroon berets in the unit does not lead to good !!!
The doctor's decision on trials is the most important thing.
PROCEDURE FOR ASSESSING THE ACTIONS OF SUBJECTS
When conducting tests for the right to wear a maroon beret, an attestation commission is created in part, which is given by order in part. At each stage, the members of the qualification commission evaluate the subject, recording the results of the exercises performed in the protocol. All stages are evaluated "pass", "fail". In case of "failure", the subject is not allowed to further check. During the test, the subject may be given comments that are recorded in the protocol. If there are 3 comments, the serviceman is also removed from further tests.
A serviceman who has passed all the tests with an assessment of "test" is considered to have received the right to wear a maroon beret.
The handing of the maroon beret is carried out during the general formation of the unit, in a solemn atmosphere.
A serviceman who has received the right to wear a maroon beret turns to face the ranks, drops to his right knee, kisses the beret, puts it on his head, puts his hand to the headdress and says loudly: “I serve the Fatherland! And SWAT!
The test results are documented by an act and issued by order in parts, on the basis of which a soldier has the right to wear a maroon beret with everyday and dress uniforms. In the column of the military ticket "Special Marks" an appropriate entry is made and sealed with the official seal of the unit.
TESTS FOR SPECIAL-PURPOSE MILITARY UNITS AGED 35 AND OVER (REDUCED PROGRAM)
1. Item III-1a is one of the suggested exercises.
2. Cross 3 thousand according to NFP-87.
3. Training fights are conducted for 6 minutes without a break with a change of three partners. Conditions for conducting fights and the procedure for evaluating in accordance with paragraph III-2e.
4. Tests according to paragraphs: III-1c, 2b pass without changes.
5. Tests according to paragraphs: III-2c, d, e are canceled.
A. For courage and courage shown in the performance of military duty in combat operations and special operations.
B. When receiving severe wounds, mutilations or contusions during special operations or in the course of hostilities that do not allow for health reasons to pass tests in accordance with paragraphs I, II, III.
b. Servicemen of formations, districts, GKVV of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia - for special merits in the development of special forces and units.
FOR ACTS DISCREDITING THE RANK OF A SPECIAL PURPOSE MILITARY SERVICE UNIT, THE MILITARY SERVICE MAY BE DEVOTED OF THE RIGHT TO WEAR A MARKED BERET
Discrediting the rank of a soldier of a special forces unit is:
A. The manifestation of elements of cowardice and cowardice in the course of hostilities.
B. Miscalculations and unreasonable actions that entailed the death of comrades, disruption of a combat mission and other grave consequences.
IN. Reducing the level of their physical and special training.
G. The use of special hand-to-hand combat techniques outside the combat situation and for selfish purposes.
D. Allowing for inappropriate relationships.
E. Gross violations of general military regulations and criminal law.
AND. Systematic violation of military discipline.
The decision to deprive the right to wear a maroon beret is made by the Council of Maroon berets of a military unit at the request of the unit commander.
Notes:
1. Tests for the right to wear a maroon beret are held at least once every six months.
2. Servicemen of the supply and maintenance units of a special-purpose military unit are not subjected to a high-altitude training test, but are checked in accordance with the standards in their specialty.
3. Control over the implementation of this Regulation is entrusted to the Council of Maroon Berets, the qualification commission and the commanders of special forces units.
4. During all tests, a mobile medical station is involved.
5. Equipment at the stage point 2a, b, c, d - bulletproof vest, protective helmet, service weapon.
Outfit at stage point 2d, e - field uniforms, sneakers.
Equipment at stage point 2e - a protective vest (indicated in the "Hand-to-hand combat" section, a motorcycle helmet (open), boxing gloves.
6. Check on special fire training.
1 SUMS is being carried out for explosives at the stage of paragraph 2a, b, depending on the possibilities and availability of training facilities.