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Domestic breeders were actively involved in developing new varieties of pear trees with improved characteristics in the middle of the last century. One of the institutes where similar work was carried out was the Mlievsky Research Institute of Horticulture, located in the forest-steppe zone of Ukraine, near Cherkassy.
There in 1934 I.Kh. Shidenko crossed the old Russian Ilyinka with the American early maturing Lyubimitsa Klappa. The result was the Big Summer pear variety. It has been accepted for variety testing. In addition to the country of origin, it is widespread in Belarus. On the territory of Russia, forms are best suited for growing southern regions and the North Caucasus region.
Description
Its fruits are medium, with good care- large, wide pear-shaped, weighing mainly 120-130 grams, sometimes up to 200 grams. Judging by the reviews, they cannot be called the largest, because in lately larger-fruited varieties were bred.
The skin is smooth and dry, yellow-green. The blush is almost invisible, it is light, pinkish-brown. Subcutaneous dots appearing through the integumentary coloring gray. The pulp is white, semi-oily consistency, with a large number juice The taste is close to the standard - sweet, with a subtle and pleasant aroma. It is important that pears do not contain hard fossilized cells, so-called granulations, that spoil the impression of food.
The large summer variety ripens at the end of August. For long-term storage This variety is not intended to be harvested and must be eaten within a few weeks. One of the advantages of the Great Summer is considered to be its productivity - it is high and stable.
The trees grow quickly and begin to bear fruit relatively early, 4 years after planting. They are of medium to large vigor, with a wide and spreading crown and drooping fruit-bearing branches. The resistance of the variety is described differently by different sources. Some characterize it as medium, and nurseries often call it high.
Brief description
Growing
Caring for the Great Summer is mandatory. To receive good harvest it needs to be fertilized. The first fertilizing is carried out in early spring, literally on melting snow, using nitrogen fertilizers. This will stimulate the plants to wake up and quickly grow green mass.
Until the buds bloom, the garden is sprayed with 3% Bordeaux or Burgundy liquid. Then, before flowering, fertilizing is repeated, focusing on potassium compounds. At the same time, as a rule, preventive treatment against pests and diseases is carried out. To save time and effort, you can mix drugs, making the so-called “tank mixture”.
After flowering, when the fruits set and grow, it is important to water - at this time it is better to keep the soil under the trees constantly moist. From trunk circle remove weeds that can take away nutrition from cultivated plants, and mulch it with loose material.
After the harvest, the garden is not left unattended - during this period, flower buds on next year, so watering and fertilizing continue to be carried out. As the tree grows, they are produced in ring holes dug along the perimeter of the branches, because the bulk of the suction roots that feed the plant are located there.
In autumn, the soil is filled with phosphorus-containing compounds, and the crown and its projection are sprayed with a 7% urea solution. You can mulch the space under the tree with humus or even manure - the nitrogen from them will be used to build up biomass next season.
Selection and planting of seedlings
It is recommended to purchase the variety in specialized nurseries, having first inquired about the vigor of the rootstock - the final height of the tree will depend on this. Having planted the plant in a prepared hole, it is tied to a pre-driven peg for stability.
In the first years, it is better to wrap the trunk with delicate bark for the winter - this will protect both from frost and from rodents. In the future, when the trunk becomes coarser, they limit themselves to early spring and late autumn whitewashing.
They form the crown after planting on their own. For this spring pruning lay out the branching of the first and subsequent orders, monitor the subordination of the branches - the central conductor should be higher than the lateral branches.
When choosing a variety, the main attention is paid to winter hardiness, and if the pear is acclimatized in your region, it means it tolerates your winters well and you can safely buy seedlings.
We offer you a selection, by looking through which you can easily find a variety suitable for your region. All these varieties are included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation for the central region.
The selection is based on reviews from gardeners from different regions based on the results of 2018.
Pear varieties for the Moscow region
These fruit-bearing trees are suitable for growing in central Russia, for the regions of Bryansk, Vladimir, Ivanovo, Kaluga, Kostroma, Orel, Ryazan, Smolensk, Tver, Tula, Yaroslavl.
Summer pear varieties
Pear Bryansk beauty: description, reviews, photos
Late summer pear variety. The tree is medium-sized, medium-growing. The crown is round, of medium density. The shoots are arranged compactly, the ends are directed upward, round, brownish-brown, geniculate, glabrous. The leaves are medium-sized, elongated, short-pointed, dark green, shiny, smooth.
The fruits are large, weighing 205 grams, one-dimensional, elongated pear-shaped, correct form. At the maturity stage, the color is golden yellow, the integumentary color is in the form of a light tan. Subcutaneous dots are small, gray, and there are few of them. The pulp is creamy, medium density, tender, oily, very juicy. The taste is sweet with a faint aroma. Tasting taste score 4.8 points.
In fruiting variety Bryansk beauty enters fifth year.
Pear Lada: photos, reviews
Early summer variety. Winter hardiness is high. The variety is resistant to scab. Possesses high yield, precocious, universal.
Characteristics of the variety
The tree is medium-sized. The crown is conical and dense. The fruits are medium-sized, weighing 100-120 grams, broadly pear-shaped, broadly ribbed. The main color of the skin is light yellow, the subcutaneous dots are small and hardly noticeable, the outer skin is bright red, occupying less than half of the surface of the fruit. There is no funnel, there is a small influx at the place of attachment of the stalk. The saucer is narrow, shallow, lumpy. peduncle medium length, thick, slightly curved. The pulp is yellowish-white, tender, juicy, fine-grained, sweet and sour, very aromatic, of good taste. At state variety testing since 1980. Included in the state register in 1993.
Obtained by crossing the varieties Olga and Lesnaya Krasavitsa.
Pear Cathedral: characteristics of the variety, photo
This summer pear variety was included in the State Register for the Central Region in 2001. The tree is medium-sized with a conical crown. The leaves are large and medium-sized, oval, light green with rough nerves.
The fruits are pear-shaped, tuberous, weighing 100-110 grams, yellowish-greenish at maturity, with a faint, blurred red blush. Subcutaneous points are invisible. The pear pulp is white, semi-oily, fine-grained, juicy, sweet and sour taste.
Productivity 136.5 c/ha. Removable fruit maturity occurs in the second half of August. The fruits are stored for 10-12 days.
Severyanka pear: description, photo, yield
An early summer variety bred by the All-Russian Research Institute of Genetics and Selection of Fruit Plants named after Michurin. Bred through hybridization of 2 varieties - Koperechka Michurinskaya No. 12 (Ussuriyskaya pear x Bere Ligelya) x Lyubimitsa klappa.
Since 1965, the Severyanka pear variety has been zoned in a number of regions of the Volga-Vyatka, Middle Volga, Ural, West Siberian, East Siberian and Far Eastern regions. But it became most widespread in Bashkiria, Chelyabinsk, Kurgan and Kustanai regions.
The trees are medium in size and have a fairly fast growth rate. Shoot-forming ability is high. The crown is medium dense, wide pyramidal shape, almost round. The variety has a mixed type of fruiting.
The fruits of the Severyanka pear are not one-dimensional in size, the average weight of the fruit is 80-85 grams, the maximum weight does not exceed 120 grams. The shape of the fruit is truncated-conical. During the period of removable ripeness, the main color of the fruit is greenish-yellow; the outer color occupies less than half of the surface of the pear in the form of a weak, blurred tan. During the period of consumption, the main color becomes more yellow with a slight green, and the outer color takes the form of a dim pink blush. The skin on the fruit is dull, quite thick and dense, but not too rough. There are few seeds in the fruits, they are large, dark brown. The pulp is creamy, medium density, normal taste - crispy, juicy, slightly aromatic, sour-sweet, not astringent. Pears are universal in purpose.
The period of removable ripeness of Severyanka occurs at the end of the first ten days of August. The consumption period lasts up to 2 weeks (when storing the crop in a basement), after which the pulp begins to turn brown. If you eat the fruits a little earlier (5-7 days before full ripeness), then the timing of pear consumption is fresh Can be extended up to two months by storing them in the refrigerator. It is also worth noting that although the fruits are held very firmly on the trees, when fully ripe they completely fall off in 2-3 days. In this regard, it is also recommended to harvest fruits slightly ahead of time, 3-5 days earlier.
Pear Severyanka belongs to the early-fertile and high-yielding varieties. The first harvest can be harvested already 3-4 years after planting, after which the yield increases rapidly. A tree aged 6-7 years produces up to 20 kg of fruit. With proper care and watering average the yield of an adult tree reaches 60 kg, and especially favorable years— 110 kg of fruits from one tree.
August dew pear: photo, description
A popular summer pear variety, bred through crossing the variety Tenderness with the Australian variety Triumph Pakgama. Since 2002, the variety has been zoned in the Central Black Earth region.
Trees up to 3 meters high are characterized by rapid growth rates. The crown is medium dense, slightly drooping. The leaves are medium in size, oblong-ovate, with serrated serrations along the edges, short-pointed at the ends, painted dark green.
The fruits of the August dew pear are medium in size, average weight 120-150 grams, one-dimensional, leveled, short pear-shaped. During the period of removable ripeness, the fruits are green in color and lack integumentary coloring. During the consumer period, the main color becomes greenish-yellow, the integumentary color appears - in the form of a very faint blush on a small part of the fruit. The skin is smooth, dull, with numerous subcutaneous points. The pulp is white, fine-grained, tender, melting, very juicy, with a harmonious sour-sweet taste. On a 5-point tasting scale, the taste of the Augustow dew pear is rated at 4.6 points.
Fruit harvesting time is mid-September. Ripe fruits are firmly held on the branches. In a cool place, the shelf life usually does not exceed 2 weeks. In the refrigerator, pears can retain their taste and freshness for up to 3 months.
The early fruitfulness of the August Dew variety is high, the trees bear fruit regularly, starting from the 3-4th year after planting. The variety is highly productive. Already in the 4th year after planting, up to 15 kg of fruit can be collected from one tree. During the period of full fruiting, the yield reaches 200 c/ha.
The level of winter hardiness and drought resistance of this pear is high. The trees are resistant to major diseases and pests; leaves and fruits are not affected by scab. The variety is unpretentious in care.
Clapp's Favorite Pear: description, photo
American pear variety. Other names: Favorite, Clapp's Favorite. The variety is recognized as one of the best among summer pear varieties, as it is ideal for production, home and farm gardening.
The trees are vigorous. IN at a young age they are characterized by rapid growth rates and form a sparse pyramidal crown. With age, the crown becomes sparse, slightly “weeping” (with hanging branches) and acquires a broadly rounded shape. The average lifespan of this pear tree is up to 70 years.
The fruits of the Klappa's Favorite pear are large in size, with an average weight of about 200 grams. The shape of the fruit is short pear-shaped, with a large expansion towards the apex. The skin on the surface is tender, smooth, slightly lumpy. The main color of the fruits is yellowish-green; when fully ripe, they are yellow; the outer color is noticeable on the illuminated side of the fruit in the form of a bright carmine blush. Subcutaneous points are small, numerous, barely noticeable. Rarely, slight rustiness may be present on the fruits - at the base of the apex in the form of small specks. Pulp white, very juicy, tender, melting, with a light aroma, very good sour-sweet taste.
The purpose of the fruit is universal - due to its excellent taste and beautiful appearance They are consumed mainly fresh, but are also suitable for canning, drying, etc.
Removable fruit maturity is in mid-August.
The early fruiting of the Lyubimitsa Klappa variety is low: the fruiting period for trees usually begins 7-8 years after planting in the garden.
Marbled pear: yield, photos, reviews
Summer, fruitful, dessert variety pears. Winter hardiness is above average. Relatively resistant to scab. Precociousness is above average.
The tree is medium-sized, with a wide-pyramidal crown of medium density.
The fruits are medium-sized, weighing 120-160 grams, round-conical, smooth. The skin is greenish-yellow with noticeable rusty subcutaneous spots. The cover color is brown-red, blurred with streaks. The funnel is of medium depth, narrow with a bead in the area where the stalk is attached, slightly rusty. The saucer is small, wide, slightly ribbed. The peduncle is medium long, thick, curved. The pulp is white or creamy, tender, coarse-grained, very juicy, melting, sweet, of excellent taste. The Mramornaya pear variety was included in the state register in 1965.
The variety was obtained in 1938 by crossing Bere winter Michurina x Lesnaya krasavitsa.
Pear Chizhovskaya: description of the variety
The variety is early-fruiting, late-summer, with high winter hardiness, high yield and resistance to scab. Universal. The crown is oval, medium density.
The fruits are medium-sized or below average, weighing 100-120 grams, elongated pear-shaped. The surface of the skin is smooth, matte, dry. The main color is yellowish-green with noticeable green small subcutaneous dots, the integumentary color is absent or very weak, reddish. The funnel is narrow, medium depth, smooth. The saucer is small, narrow, smooth. The peduncle is short, of medium thickness, straight or slightly curved. The pulp is dense, juicy, semi-oily, sweet and sour, of very good taste.
The Chizhovskaya pear variety was included in the state register in 1993.
Obtained by crossing the Olga and Lesnaya Krasavitsa varieties.
Rogneda pear: variety description, reviews, photos
Late summer pear variety. A tree of medium vigor with a wide pyramidal dense but compact crown.
The fruits are round, smooth, shiny, average weight 125 grams. When ripe, the color is light yellow, the integumentary color is absent or appears on individual fruits in the form of a faint, blurry red blush. The pulp is beige-white, medium density, juicy, slightly oily, good sweet taste with a nutmeg flavor and aroma. Taste 4.1-4.2 points. The fruits reach removable maturity in the second or third ten days of August. The fruit consumption period is late August - early September.
The average yield is 140.5 c/ha.
The Rogneda pear variety was included in the State Register of the Russian Federation in 2001.
Vidnaya pear: photo, description of the variety
Summer pear variety with high winter hardiness. The tree is medium-sized with a narrow pyramidal crown. The shoots are curved, round, brown, bare. The leaves are oblong, green, smooth.
The fruits weigh an average of 120 grams, are elongated pear-shaped, lumpy. The peduncle is short, oblique. The funnel is small. The color is greenish-yellow with a slight tan. Subcutaneous dots are gray and barely noticeable. The pulp is white, tender, juicy. Taste 4.4 points.
Average yield over the years of testing was 97 c/ha.
The Vidnaya pear variety is included in the State Register of the Russian Federation and is approved for cultivation in the Central region.
Autumn varieties of pears with photos and descriptions
Moskvichka pear
This autumn variety pears were included in the State Register for the Central Region in 2001. The crown is dense, medium-leafy, funnel-shaped when young, and conical during the period of full fruiting. The flowers are non-double, medium in size, cup-shaped in shape, the corolla is painted white.
The fruits are medium-sized, weighing 120-130 grams, round-wide-conical and broadly obovate, uneven in size. When fully ripe, the fruits are yellowish-green, yellow, without any outer color. The skin is dense, thin, oily. The pulp of the fruit is yellowish-white, very juicy, fine-grained, semi-oily, sweet and sour. Tasting score 4 points. Harvesting maturity occurs in the second half of September.
Pears are stored for 25-30 days. The average yield is 126.5 c/ha, exceeding the control variety Lyubimitsa Yakovleva.
Pear Beauty Chernenko: description and characteristics of the variety
This autumn pear variety was included in the State Register in 1996. The trees are vigorous, with a sparse narrow pyramidal crown.
The fruits are large, weighing 150-200 grams, medium-sized, pear-shaped. The peduncle is long, curved. The skin is tender, with a slight fatty coating. The color of the fruit is greenish-yellow with a diffuse red blush on most of the fruit. The pulp is white, medium density, juicy, tender, semi-oily, melting. Fruits of high commercial and consumer qualities. Tasting score 4.3 points.
Winter hardiness at the level of zoned varieties. Early fruiting, high-yielding, average yield 127 c/ha, which is 2 times higher than the control variety. The variety is resistant to scab.
Flaws: high, inconvenient crown; with a bountiful harvest, the fruits become smaller.
Pear in Memory of Yakovlev: reviews, photos, description
Yield variety early autumn consumption with excellent winter hardiness. Fast-growing and scab-resistant.
The fruits are medium-sized, broadly pear-shaped, slightly ribbed, weighing 125 grams. The skin is light yellow, with a faint orange blush. The funnel is missing. The saucer is narrow, of medium depth. The peduncle is long, of medium thickness, straight. The pulp is semi-oily, sweet with slight acidity, with a pleasant aroma.
The Pamyati Yakovlev pear variety was included in the state register of the Russian Federation in 1985.
Pear Lyubimitsa Yakovleva: characteristics of the variety
Skoroplodny, table variety pears for autumn consumption. Winter hardiness is above average. Affected by scab. Productivity is average. Partially self-fertile. The crown is broadly pyramidal and sparse.
The fruits are medium and above average in size, weighing 130-190 grams, round-rhombic or round-biconical in shape, wide-ribbed. The main color is greenish-yellow with large, numerous gray subcutaneous dots, the integumentary color is weak, blurry, dark red. The funnel is wide and shallow. The saucer is wide, shallow, ribbed. The peduncle is long, thin, straight. The pulp is coarse-grained, rough, medium juicy, mediocre taste.
The Lyubimitsa Yakovleva variety was included in the State Register in 1965 for the Central (Vladimir, Moscow regions), Central Black Earth (Belgorod, Lipetsk, Tambov regions), Middle Volga (Penza region) regions.
Pear Memory of Zhegalov, description, reviews, photos
An autumn pear variety included in the State Register for the Central Region. The tree is medium-sized with a fast-growing sparse conical crown. The leaves are medium-sized, elongated, ovate.
The fruits are regular pear-shaped, with an average weight of 120 grams, greenish or lemon-yellow at maturity. The outer color appears in rare, well-lit fruits in the form of a light reddish blush. The pulp is light yellow-white, very juicy, tender, melting, semi-oily, sour-sweet, slightly tart. Tasting taste score 4.2 points. Removable fruit maturity occurs in the second or third decade of September. Pears of the Pamyat Zhegalov variety are stored for up to 25-30 days.
The average yield is 122 c/ha.
Veles pear: description, photo
An autumn pear variety with high winter hardiness. The ovary is frost-resistant down to -2° C. The tree is medium-sized with a drooping pyramidal crown. The shoots are arched, round, cherry-brown, glabrous. The leaves are medium-sized, elongated oval, yellow-green, smooth, shiny, with delicate nerves and curved edges.
The fruits average weight 120 grams, regular shape, slightly sloping. The peduncle is slightly curved. The funnel is blunt-conical. The saucer is small, wide, smooth. The color is greenish-yellow with a slight orange tan. Subcutaneous dots are small, gray, barely noticeable. The flesh is creamy, semi-oily, tender and juicy. Tasting score of the fruit: 4.6 points.
The average yield is 126 c/ha.
The Veles pear variety was included in the State Register for the Central Region in 2001.
Pear Vernaya: description, photo
Late autumn, productive variety. The tree is medium-sized with a drooping crown. The shoots are curved, round, reddish-brown, glabrous. The leaves are ovate, green, smooth.
The fruits are pear-shaped, slightly oblique, with an average weight of 100 grams. The color when ripe is greenish-yellow with a slight tan. Subcutaneous dots are gray and barely noticeable. The pulp is creamy, tender, semi-oily, very juicy. Taste 4.4 points.
Winter hardiness is high, at the level of the Bessemyanka variety. The ovaries are frost-resistant down to -2° C.
The average yield is 232 c/ha.
The Vernaya pear variety is included in the State Register for the Central Region of the Russian Federation.
Thumbelina pear: variety description, photo
Autumn, winter-hardy variety pears for middle zone Russia. The tree is medium-sized, with a rounded crown. The shoots are round, brownish-brown, glabrous. The leaves are elliptical, green.
The fruits are small, with an average weight of 70 grams, pear-ovate in shape. The peduncle is long, thin, erect. The funnel is missing. When ripe, the color of pears is golden yellow with a slight tan. The pulp is creamy, tender, semi-oily, very juicy. Taste 4.8 points.
Productivity: 68 c/ha.
The Thumbelina pear variety was included in the State Register for the Central District in 2001.
Pear Simply Maria: description, photos, reviews
Autumn variety of pears. The tree is medium-sized, fast-growing. The crown is medium dense, broadly pyramidal. The leaves are medium-sized, oblong, short-pointed.
The fruits weigh an average of 180 grams, pear-shaped. The funnel is small, blunt-conical. There is no rustiness. The calyx is non-collapsing, open, the saucer is small, wide, smooth. The main color at the moment of ripeness is light yellow, the outer color on the smaller part of the fruit is in the form of a light tan, pink. In the state of consumer ripeness, the main color of the fruit is light yellow, the outer color on the smaller part of the fruit is in the form of a light tan, blurred, pink. The pulp is yellowish-white, medium density, tender, oily, very juicy, fine-grained, sweet and sour taste with a weak aroma. The fruits contain: sugar 8.15%, acid 0.1%, vitamin C 3.1 mg%. Tasting taste score 4.8 points.
Average yield: 72 c/ha (subject to agricultural practices).
The Simply Maria pear variety was included in the State Register for the Central Region of the Russian Federation in 2003.
Winter varieties of pears with photos and descriptions
Belorussian pear late
Winter variety of pears. The tree is medium-sized, with a round, dense crown. The leaves are small, oblong, elliptical, long-pointed, light green in color.
The fruits are medium, weighing 110-120 grams, medium one-dimensional, broadly pear-shaped. The main color is orange-yellow, the outer color is crimson, blurry. The pulp is white, medium density, tender, oily, juicy. The taste is sweet and sour, with a light refreshing acidity. Tasting score 4.2 points.
Productivity: 122 c/ha.
The Belorusskaya late pear variety was included in the State Register of the Russian Federation in 2002.
Varieties South Ural Research Institute of Horticulture and Potato Growing" (SNU SUNIIPOK of the Russian Agricultural Academy)Chelyabinsk
Long-awaited (6-1-2, Elegy).
The variety was bred at the State Scientific Institution Yuuniipok from crossing the Ussuri pear with the Forest Beauty. Crossing was carried out in 1940. The seedling was selected for the elite in 1959. The authors of the variety are: P.A. Zhavoronkov, M.A., Mazunin, L.I. Bolotova. The variety is included in the state register for the West Siberian region.
Winter hardiness is high. The fruits are not one-dimensional (weight ranges from 60 to 90 g).
Taste rating - 4.2 points. Variety table purpose, but suitable for all types of processing. ki.
Hanging (42-6-1).
The variety was bred by breeders of the State Scientific Institution YuUNIIPOK by crossing the selected form of Ussuri pear No. 78 and the Olivier de Serre variety. Crossing was carried out in 1940. The seedling was selected for the elite in 1958. The author of the variety is PA Zhavoronkov. The variety is included in the “State Register of Breeding Achievements Approved for Use” for the Ural and West Siberian regions. Available in industrial plantings of the Chelyabinsk and Kurgan regions, in amateur gardens.
The variety is early-bearing, begins to bear fruit in the fourth year after planting as an annual, and the harvest grows quickly. Belongs to the medium-yielding group. Fruiting is annual, not sharply periodic. The fruits are held firmly on the tree until they are fully ripened. Pollinator varieties: Myth, Uralochka.
The fruits are small (average weight 48-57 g, maximum 90 g), oval, greenish, greenish-yellow with a dark red blush when fully ripe.
The pulp is juicy, with a mediocre sweet-sour taste. In years with cold and cloudy summers, they are sour.
The fruits can be stored until the beginning of November, are used fresh and are suitable for technological processing into compotes and dried fruits.
Rainbow (72-13-12)
The variety was bred at the State Scientific Institution YuUNIIPOK from crossing seedling 41-15-9 with Forest Beauty. (Seedling 41-15-9 was obtained by P.A. Zhavoronkov from crossing Limonovka Issykkul with the selected form of the Ussuri pear Blagoveshchenskaya, seedling 72-13-12 was selected as an elite in 1985). The authors of the variety are E.A. Falkenberg et al. A pomological description of the variety was made by E A Falkenberg in 1989.
Winter hardiness is high. Drought resistance is average. In dry years there is little growth and the fruits become smaller
The variety is not affected by pear gall mite, scab and is resistant to bacterial burn.
Productivity is higher than the control variety Severyanka.
Self-fertility is low, the best varieties are pollinators: Severyanki, Krasulya, Skazochnaya.
Taste rating: 4.5 points.
The fruits ripen simultaneously, simultaneously or two to three days later than those of Severyanka. A sign of ripening is yellowing of the skin of the fruit. The seeds remain white. The fruits can remain for no more than 10 days, after which the flesh softens and turns brown.
The main purpose of the variety is to eat fresh for dessert and make juices.
Yellow-fruited (4/1-11-21).
The variety was bred by P.A. Zhavoronkov and A.P. Danilova from crossing Tema with Josephine Mikhelskaya. The seedling is included in the elite of A.P. Danilova in 1961, began to reproduce in 1964.
Winter hardiness is average, it works better in places with good gardening suitability. The variety is relatively resistant to the pear gall mite, in some years damage up to 1 point was noted, it is resistant to scab, and when it freezes, leaf damage with bacterial burn is sometimes noted. The yield of the variety is average.
Fruiting is annual, regular. The fruits are held firmly on the tree until fully ripe. The best varieties pollinators: Severyanka, Rainbow, Fairytale.
The fruits are sweet (4.3 points), ripen at the end of August - beginning of September and require careful handling. Used for fresh consumption, for compotes, juices.
Advantages of the variety - beautiful, large, good-tasting fruits universal purpose; field resistance to major pathogens. The main disadvantage is insufficient winter hardiness.
Krasulya (72-14-76)
The variety was bred by E.A. Falkenberg and others from crossing the varieties Late and Little Joy. The tree is medium-sized, with a rounded dense crown, highly winter-hardy, medium-yielding, and begins to bear fruit in the fourth or fifth year. The fruits weigh 90 g, large, weighing up to 110 g, non-one-dimensional, oval-flattened, bergamot-shaped, yellow-green with a dark red blush, very attractive. They ripen in the first half of August, 7 days earlier than Severyanka, and are stored for 10...12 days.
The pulp of the fruit is creamy, loose, fine-grained, very juicy, rich in flavor with spice, rated 4.6-4.7 points. Used for fresh consumption and making juices and pear honey. The best tasting summer variety.
Fabulous(105-5-49)
The variety was bred by breeders of the State Scientific Institution YuUNIIPOK by crossing the varieties Nezhnost and Povislaya. The seedling was promoted to the elite in 1986. The authors of the variety E.A. FalkenbergM. A. Mazunin, V. I. Putyatin.
The winter hardiness of the variety is relatively high.
The tree is tall, fast-growing with a dense, narrow-pyramidal crown.
The fruits are above average size, average weight 180 g, maximum 250 g, one-dimensional, very beautiful, regular pear-shaped.
The fruits - large, beautiful, with a good dessert taste - ripen at the end of summer, when ripe they change little in appearance, so monitoring the harvesting time is required. By the beginning of ripening they become very juicy and tasty, but the flesh remains hard, at which time they should be removed. The seeds are still white. The fruits are stored for no more than 10 days, then the pulp decomposes and turns brown. Fruits should be picked and transported with caution. Intended for fresh consumption and making juices. The fruits ripen 10...12 days later than Severyanka and Raduzhnaya.
Early summer(72-13-21)
Bred by E.A. Falkenberg et al. from crossing the Ussuri pear seedling 41-15-9 with the Lesnaya Krasavitsa variety. The tree is medium-sized, highly winter-hardy, with a rounded, medium-spreading crown, high-yielding. The fruits are round or short pear-shaped, yellow-green, with a blush on the illuminated side, with an average weight of 64...71 g, large - up to 110 g. They ripen in the second half of August, following Severyanka, and can be stored for two weeks. The pulp is tender, white, juicy, sweet and sour, with a taste rating of 4...4.5 points. For fresh consumption, preparation of compotes, juices, jams, dried fruits.
Big (105-4-75)
Variety of the South Ural Scientific Research Institute of Horticulture and Potato Growing. Bred by E.A. Falkenberg, M.A. Mazunin and L.I. Bolotova from crossing a Ussuri pear seedling with the Povislaya variety. Former form 105-4-75.
The tree is vigorous, with a widely spreading crown.
Winter hardiness is quite high. According to the State Institution YUNIIPOK, it is higher than that of Krasulya and Raduzhnaya, but slightly lower than that of Uralochka and Krasnobokaya.
Productivity is high. The fruits are round in shape, light yellow when ripe, with a slight blush, an average weight of 90...115 g, large - up to 145 g.
The pulp is very juicy and white. According to the YuUNIPOK dessert taste, with a very pleasant aroma - 4.7...4.9 points. The taste of this pear is literally excellent, however, only when fully ripened on the tree. When picked at removable ripeness (at the beginning of yellowing of the fruits), the taste is assessed at 3.7...4.2 points, since the fruits at this time retain astringency, which does not disappear when ripening outside the tree.
According to gardeners in Bashkiria, the Bolshaya variety is superior in taste to Chizhovskaya, Lada and Raduzhnaya, being inferior in this indicator to the Chelyabinsk variety Krasulya. It is noted that the skin of the fruit is thin, practically not felt, the taste is excellent, sweet, harmonious, with a strong pear aroma, granulation is practically not felt.
The variety is responsive to watering; if there is a lack of moisture, the fruits turn out to be rather dry.
Moreover, it is worth noting that all of the above varieties are taste qualities superior to two local varieties Bashkirskaya Summer and Bashkirskaya Autumn.
According to YUNIPOK data, the variety has the highest taste rating of all varieties bred in the Southern Urals.
In this regard, it is quite strange that there is little information. So in the article “ Winter-hardy pears for cultivation in the vastness of Russia" by Ericht Aleksandrovich Falkenberg, the author of most Chelyabinsk varieties, which describes in detail a dozen varieties of Chelyabinsk selection, but there is not a word about the Bolshaya variety.
Uralochka(104-15-36)
The variety was bred at the Chelyabinsk breeding station from crossing a selected seedling of Ussuri pear 41-15-9 (Limonovka Issykkulskaya x Blagoveshchenskaya) with Severyanka. Variety formula: (Limonovka Issykkulskaya x Blagoveshchenskaya) x (Ussuriyskaya pear x Vere Ligelya) x Lyubimitsa Klappa. The crossing was carried out in 1967, the elite one was selected in 1978. The authors of the variety E.A. Falkenberg,M. A. Mazunin and L. I. Bolotova.
A variety of high winter hardiness. The damage to the gall mite is minimal; it is not affected by scab.
The variety is very early-bearing, the first fruits appear in the fourth year after planting as an annual, and the yield increases quickly.
The fruits ripen by the end of the second ten days of September, turning yellow 7...10 days before harvesting maturity. They should be removed when completely yellowed, in which case they are most delicious.
A variety of universal use, used for fresh consumption and processing into compotes, which are estimated at 4.2 points.
Taiga (105-4.50)
The variety was bred by E.A. Falkenberg and others from crossing Tenderness with Povisla. The tree is medium-sized, with a rounded crown, winter-hardy, productive, resistant to scab and pear gall mite. It begins to bear fruit in the fourth or fifth year. The fruits are pear-shaped, autumn ripening, weighing 80 g, sweet, 4.5 points. For fresh consumption, juices, compotes, preparation of dried fruits and wine.
Golden ball(70-22-24)
The variety was bred by E.A. Falkenberg from crossing seedlings of Ussuri pear 41-11-1 with Povisla. The tree is medium-sized, with a rounded crown, highly winter-hardy, and productive. It begins bearing fruit in the fourth or fifth year after planting in the garden as an annual. Fruiting was noted on annual shoots. The fruits are short pear-shaped, one-dimensional, weighing 110 g, green, with a slight tan on the illuminated side.
The fruit pulp is juicy, fine-grained, sweet - 4.6 points.lla.
The variety is intended for fresh consumption, preparation of juices, wines, compotes, dried fruits.
Resistant to scab and pear gall mite, moderately resistant to fire blight.
Cheerful(73-13-25)
The variety was bred by E.A. Falkenberg et al. from crossing a selected form of Ussuri pear with the Lesnaya Krasavitsa variety. The tree is medium-sized, with a wide-spreading rounded crown, winter-hardy, and medium-yielding.
The fruits are short pear-shaped, green, yellow-green when ripe, with a diffuse light red color in streaks along half of the fruit. The average weight of the fruit is 76...99 g, large ones - 130 g each. They ripen in the first half of September and are stored for a month. The pulp is very juicy, tender, white. Taste rating 3.7... 4.5 points.
It is used for fresh consumption and the preparation of compotes, which invariably receive the highest rating, having an exceptional harmony of taste and aroma.
Century-old
Autumn variety YUNIISPOK, obtained in the late 80s of the last century from crossing a selected Ussuri pear seedling 41-16-1 with an elite cultivated pear seedling No. 143.
The tree is medium-sized, compact, relatively winter-hardy (winter hardiness is lower than that of the Ural varieties listed above).
It begins to bear fruit in 4-5 years. No scab damage was noted; resistance to pear gall mite and fire blight is high. The annual yield is high.
The fruits are regular pear-shaped, yellow, with an intense blush on a third of the fruit, very beautiful. Weight from 130 to 180 g. Single fruit reaches 400 g. The pulp is white, very juicy, sweet and sour, with a score of 4.4-4.8 points. Ripening - mid-September. Keeping quality - up to a month.
Larinskaya(104-13-42)
The variety was developed by crossing selected seedling 41-15-9 with Clapp’s Favorite. Seedling 41-15-9 was obtained by P.A. Zhavoronkov from crossing Limonovka Issykkul with the selected form of the Ussuri pear Blagoveshchenskaya. The authors of the variety are E.A. Falkenberg, M.A. Mazunin, V.I. Putyatin.
It is characterized by high winter hardiness. yu.
The fruits ripen in mid-September and are stored for a month. It was possible to keep it in the refrigerator until the beginning of November. A variety for universal use. Raw fruits are rated 4.1...4.4 points during tasting, compotes - 4.4 points, jam - 4.8 points.
The variety belongs to the high-yielding group.
Red-sided
The variety was bred by E.A. Falkenberg, V.I. Putyatin, M.A. Mazunin from crossing the varieties Nezhnost and Zheltoplodnaya. Variety formula: (Tema x Lyubimits Klappa) x (Tema x Josephine Mikhelskaya). The seedling was allocated to the elite in 1986.
The variety is characterized by high winter hardiness.
No damage by pear gall mite or scab was noted. Characterized by strong progressive growth at a young age. With the onset of fruiting, growth dies down sharply, and the tree becomes small. The fruits are very attractive in appearance and transportable.
Data on keeping quality are contradictory: in one year the fruits last until mid-October (1967), in others - until mid-December (1986), which depends on the state of maturity at the time of picking. The fruits of the variety are highly marketable.
The main purpose of the variety is fresh consumption. The fruits at tastings invariably receive high marks (4.5...4.9 points).
Decabrinka(73-33-65)
The variety was obtained from crossing a selected seedling of the Ussuri pear from the Limonovka Issykkulskaya x Forest Beauty family No. 41-16-1 with an elite seedling No. 143. The seedling was allocated to the elite in 1985. The authors of the variety E.A. Falkenberg, M. A. Mazunin, L. I. Bolotova.
The variety has fairly high winter hardiness. Drought resistance is average, damage to the pear gall mite and scab was not noted. axis. axis.
The variety belongs to the high-yielding group. Fruiting is even and regular. The fruits are highly marketable, tightly attached to the tree and do not fall off until ripe. The variety is one of the latest to bloom flower buds.
Fruit ripening occurs by the end of the second ten days of September, which is determined by some lightening of the color of the fruit. Shelf life, depending on the conditions of the year, is from one month to three.
The fruits are medium or below average (average weight 100 g, maximum 120 g), one-dimensional, pear-shaped, regular in shape with a smooth surface, highly marketable.
The pulp is white, rough, juicy, slightly aromatic, with a good sour-sweet taste (4.1...4.2 points).
Myth (104-15-34)
Brought out by crossing a selected seedling of Ussuri pear 41-15-9 with Severyanka. The authors of the variety are E. A. Falkenberg, M. A. Mazunin, L. I. Bolotova. The seedling began to bear fruit in 1976, and was promoted to the elite in 1978. The variety is included in the state register for the Volga-Vyatka and West Siberian regions.
Winter hardiness is high. The tree is medium or tall, fast growing, with a narrow pyramidal crown of medium density.The fruits are small, one-dimensional, bergamot-shaped or short pear-shaped, with a smooth surface. The skin is rough, uneven, oily, dull, greenish-yellow at ripeness and golden-yellow at consumption.
Chelyabinsk winter (104-15-24)
Developed by E.A. Falkenberg et al. from crossing the selected form of Ussuri pear 41-15-9 with the Severyanka variety.
The tree is medium-sized, medium-growing, with a rounded crown, highly winter-hardy. Begins to bear fruit in the 4th year, the harvest is average, the fruits are pear-shaped, yellow, with an orange-red blush on a third of the fruit. Average fruit weight is 80... 100 g, large ones - up to 150 g. They reach removable maturity in the second half of September .
The pulp is white, dense, very juicy, good sweet and sour taste - 4...4.5 points. The fruits are suitable for fresh consumption and canning
Favorite
Autumn variety. The authors of the variety E.A. Falkenberg, F.M. Kasymov. The tree is medium-sized, medium-spreading, medium-density. The fruits are short pear-shaped, weighing 180-250 g. The color of the fruit is green-yellow. The pulp is white, very juicy, sweet. Ripening is mid-September. Shelf life is one month. Taste rating: 4.7. According to South Ural breeders, this is a promising variety.
Karpusha
Autumn highly winter-hardy variety. The tree is pyramidal, compact, slightly dense. The fruits are short pear-shaped. The color is yellow, with a slight tan. The pulp is white, juicy, pleasant taste. The fruits ripen at the end of September. They are stored for two months. Lucky Falkenberg
The tree is medium-sized, medium-spreading. Winter hardiness is high. The fruits are regular pear-shaped, yellow. With blush throughout most of the fruit. Weight 180-250 gr. Taste rating: 4.8 g.
Sister Fabulous
Like its sister, the Skazochnaya pear came from crossing the Tenderness and Povislaya varieties. Externally, the sisters are very similar - both tree and fruit. The fruit of Sister Told is a little larger in size - up to 200 g, large ones - up to 350 g, looks a little “rougher” and is inferior in taste to the Fairytale fruit (4.3....4.4 points versus 4.6...4 ,8 at Skazochnaya). But the tree is more winter-hardy and can be cultivated where Skazochnaya is frostbitten.
Elite 7-29-91
Obtained from crossing the Melitopolskaya Zimnyaya and Myth varieties. The fruits lie in the refrigerator until the beginning of June, they were quite edible (3.8...4 points). Selected for winter ripening.
Elite 7-30-90
Obtained from crossing the Melitopolskaya Zimnyaya and Myth varieties. Fruits weighing 100 g, taste - 4.5 points, March 10 - 4 points. Selected for winter ripening.
Elite 7-24-88
(Uralochka x Lyubimitsa Klappa), fruits weighing 120 g, to taste: October 5 - 5 points, October 3 - 4.5 points. Selected for its excellent taste.
Dekabrinka's sister. Differences from Dekabrinka are the more noticeable winter hardiness of the tree; fruiting begins earlier, but the fruits are smaller and have a worse taste.
Nurse (73-44-67)
High yield - up to 250 kg per tree. The fruits are very large, but when fresh they are not very tasty, but the compotes made from it are of the highest quality.
Ryzhik(73-45-67)
Fruits 15...28 g with excellent sweet taste (4.7 points). The tree is medium-sized, winter-hardy.
Lucky Falkenberg
The new autumn variety UNISPOC, (breeding number 5-47-70), was bred from crossing the pear varieties Dekabrinka x Lesnaya Krasavitsa. Authors: Falkenberg E.A., Gasimov F.M., Bespalova N.V.
Tree of medium vigor and density. Highly winter-hardy and high-yielding 30-35 kg/tree. The variety is not affected by scab and is resistant to the pear gall mite. Flowering in medium terms.
The fruits are pear-shaped, the main color is green, the outer color is crimson, it occupies most of the fruit, with an average weight of 180g, maximum 254g.
The pulp is white, juicy, sour-sweet, spicy, with a weak aroma. Chemical composition: dry matter – 13.3 ± 0.1%, sugar – 11.72 + 0.06%, ascorbic acid – 4.0 + 0.1 mg/100g, titratable acidity – 0.48 ± 0.02%. Tasting score 4.7 points. The fruits are suitable for fresh consumption, making compotes and dried fruits.
Removable maturity occurs in mid-September, the fruits are stored for up to 3 months.
Description of varieties according to data from YuUNIIPOK, VNIISPK.
The pear is no less popular and beloved fruit crop than the apple tree: it is widespread in different climatic zones and regions of the world. Much attention was paid to the selection of this crop: back in the 19th century, varieties were bred that are still cultivated today. IN Soviet era Many famous breeders have studied pears. The Mliev Institute of Pomology, located in Ukraine near Cherkassy, made a significant contribution to the study and popularization of this culture. It is here that the world's largest collection of pears is collected, which includes 575 varieties and a description of each variety is given. This institute was named after one of the most prominent cultural experts - L.P. Simirenko. In 1934, by crossing the ancient domestic cultivar Ilyinka and the American early-ripening Lyubimitsa Klapp, the Bolshaya Summer pear variety was obtained.
Features of summer varieties
All types of pears are divided into summer, autumn and winter. In most of Russia summer varieties preferred because climatic conditions: the weather does not always allow late hybrids to ripen. That's why right choice pears early date makes it possible to have a stable harvest of this fruit crop.
Summer varieties reach removable ripeness before the fall crop matures. On average, the length of the harvest period early varieties is one and a half weeks, and in hot or rainy summer this period may be shortened or extended. To preserve taste and marketability, it is necessary to remove the fruits from the tree in time. Early summer varieties do not last long and are eaten very quickly - within 7 days.
Characteristic signs
The Great Summer pear, as a representative of varieties of summer consumption, ripens from late August to early September. It has average winter hardiness in the Non-Chernozem region, therefore it is recommended mainly for the North Caucasus region and the Black Earth region - here it will delight you with significant yields. Fruits well in Ukraine, where it is better known as Velikaya.
The tree is vigorous, over 4 meters high, with a drooping, wide-pyramidal crown - its impressive size must be taken into account when planning plantings. It grows quickly and is distinguished by good precocity, which is determined by the beginning of fruiting. Fruits on ringlets 3–4 years after planting.
As you can see in the photo, the flattened fruits are broadly pear-shaped, of medium size: not the largest - 130 g, with good care they reach 200 g. The color of the smooth fruits is greenish-yellow with an inconspicuous blush and subcutaneous dots, without shine. The funnel is pronounced, narrow and deep; stalk – curved and long; saucer – medium, without ribbing. The white pulp is juicy, medium oily, without stony granular inclusions. The taste is very pleasant, sweet with a characteristic sourness. Brief characteristics of the Big Summer are presented in the table:
| mass, g | 130 g, individual – up to 200 g |
| form | broadly pear-shaped, leveled |
| peel | smooth, greenish-yellow with dots and faint blush, without shine |
| pulp | white, medium oily, juicy, no granules |
| taste assessment | above average |
| maturation | end of August – first ten days of September |
| storage, days | 14–21 |
|
|
| form | wide, pyramidal, drooping |
| height | 4 meters or more |
| productivity | stable, high |
| dignity | disease resistance |
| Entry into fruiting | for 3–4 years |
The advantages of the variety include:
- consistently high productivity;
- self-fertile – does not require pollinators;
- immunity to scab and bacterial cancer;
- Very good taste dessert fruits.
The Great Summer Pear has few disadvantages:
- tree vigor;
- The fruits are not for storage - consume within 2-3 weeks.
Planting, cultivation and care
When planting a pear, you must comply with the conditions and technical techniques characteristic of the crop.
- Selection of seedlings: one- and two-year-olds, with a developed root system and fallen leaves.
- Planting time: spring or autumn. Preferably autumn planting at the end of September.
- Location: sunny with protection from winds.
- Soils: loamy, sandy loam or podzolic-turf; fertile, drained, with a neutral reaction.
- Preparing a planting hole measuring 100 x 100 cm and 80 cm deep.
- Mix with soil and add to the hole: compost ~10 kg, superphosphate ~50 g, potassium sulfate ~30 g.
- Place the seedling in the center of the hole, securing it with a peg nearby.
- Fill the soil so that eventually root collar rose above the ground by 6-8 cm.
- Trample the soil around the seedling, water well, and mulch.
Pear variety Big summer requires as it grows ongoing care depending on the time of year.
In spring:
- whitewashing the trunk;
- fertilizing in the snow with nitrogen fertilizers;
- formation of the crown by pruning, establishing branching and observing the subordination of the branches;
- before the buds open - spraying with Bordeaux mixture;
- before flowering - applying potassium fertilizers;
- pest prevention: spraying and treatment;
- watering during flowering.
In summer:
- removing weeds around the tree;
- abundant watering when fruit sets.
Autumn:
- fertilizing with phosphorus fertilizers;
- spraying the crown with urea (7% solution);
- mulching the soil around the trunk with humus;
- whitewashing the trunk in late autumn.
For winter:
- trim damaged and improperly growing branches;
- cover the barrel young tree for protection from frost and rodents.
Large summer pear variety - description. Advantages and disadvantages of the Big Summer pear variety. In the section “Photo of the Big Summer pear variety” your photo of the variety can be presented as your original work.
Large summer pear variety. Photo layout.
The Catalog on the website contains a description of 243 varieties of pears in all regions of Russia. There is no high-quality photo of the Big Summer pear variety in the author’s collection.
Your photo of the Big Summer pear variety can be presented and signed in place of the “Photo Layout”
Description of the sections of the page “Greater Summer Pear Variety”.
1. Large summer pear variety. Description.
2. Large summer pear variety. Advantages and disadvantages.
3. Large summer pear variety and “Photo of the variety.”
4. Large summer pear variety and answers on gardening.
Large summer pear variety. Description.
Big summer* (No. 62), Ilyinka x x Klapp’s Favorite. Received from the Mlievsky Research Institute of Forest-Steppe Horticulture of Ukraine named after. L.P. Simirenko in 1934. Author I. X. Shidenko.
Large summer pear variety accepted for state variety testing in 1985. Recommended for testing in the North Caucasus region.
Large summer pear variety in the description – summer consumption period. Winter hardiness is average. Relatively resistant to scab. Productivity is high. Precociousness is average.
The tree in the description is vigorous, the crown is drooping, wide-pyramidal. Fruits on ringlets. Fruit average size, 120-130 g, broadly pear-shaped, leveled.
Fruit coloring Big summer pear varieties in the description - greenish-yellow with many gray subcutaneous dots, sometimes with a faint blush, smooth, dull. The funnel is narrow and deep. The saucer is medium, narrow, smooth. The peduncle is long, curved.
The pulp of the fruit of the Big Summer pear variety is described as white, very juicy, semi-oily. The taste is sweet and sour.
Large summer pear variety. Advantages and disadvantages.
Advantages of the Big Summer pear variety. A productive variety and resistant to scab.
Disadvantages of the Great Summer pear variety. Tree vigor.
Large summer pear variety and “Photo of the variety”.
The author does not have a high-quality photo of the Bolshaya Summer pear variety in her collection. If you have in your collection high quality photo Large summer pear variety, size at least 600 X 450 pixels, you can send it to me by mail and your signed photo of the Big Summer pear variety will be published on this page of the site. Please indicate your full name and city of residence.
Large summer pear variety and gardening answers.
From the page " Large summer pear variety» You can go to the friendly website www.narod-sad.ru via