A modern gas boiler is a complex unit that operates on the principle of a heat exchanger. A gas burner with an igniter is located at the bottom of the device, and a metal tank is mounted on top to store water. When burned, the gas-air mixture transmits thermal energy liquids. There are two common types of gas-fired water heaters: instantaneous and storage.
Flow-through gas boiler for water: description
The design of such a heater is a powerful system with a small-volume liquid storage tank. Compact and practical speakers have been used for many years. Modern modifications are equipped with a safe closed working chamber(cheaper models are open type). The device has several levels of security control:
- accounting for gas supply and pressure;
- overheat protection;
- adjustable modes depending on the season;
- thermostats;
- safety valves.
Gas boiler flow type requires special conditions for installation. A mandatory one is the presence of a special chimney. The column is mounted in a dry room in compliance with the standards fire safety.
Instantaneous water heaters are produced in the form of wall-mounted structures; the floor-mounted option can be exclusively a storage tank, which has a substantial volume of several hundred liters.
Calculation of device power
For all boilers, including gas ones, the main indicator is power. The higher it is, the faster and more water can be heated in a certain period of time. This characteristic depends on the number of kilowatts produced. On average, heating a liter of water by one degree requires 4.2 kJ of energy.
To heat the liquid to a comfortable 40 degrees, it will take about 170 kJ. The heater operating instructions indicate design power(kW/sec). An 18 kW flow-through gas boiler heats a liter of water to the desired temperature in 8-9 seconds. Therefore, for a conventional mixer, a column whose power does not exceed 18 kW is sufficient.
Manufacturers
Most Chinese and domestic units have low price, however, they are made from cheap and short-lived materials. Particularly unsuccessful specimens quickly fail; some may even melt at the maximum permissible temperature.
As customer reviews indicate, the most reliable are products from well-known European brands or their official dealers. Among them the following names can be distinguished:
- Gas boiler "Ariston".
- Water heater "Electrolux".
- Products from Bosch, Indesit, Valliant and other companies.
These devices are adapted to domestic parameters of pressure, gas and water composition. The working elements are made of nickel-plated steel or stainless steel, equipped with durable burners, and coated with a special anti-corrosion coating. Water heaters meet increased fire safety requirements and last for at least ten years.
Gas storage water heaters
This gas boiler is equipped with heat-resistant containers of various volumes. It is filled with cold water, which, under the influence of the heat emitted from the burner, is heated to the required temperature. As the liquid cools, it is heated to the specified parameters. Maintaining the temperature in the tank is similar to a thermos and can be maintained for several days without additional heating.
Based on the type of installation, devices are divided into two types:
- Wall option.
- Gas boiler is floor-mounted.
Storage water heater device
Modern boilers have two types of housing. The first option is stainless steel. Such devices are more expensive, but more durable. The second model is a metal case coated with powder enamel. Interior the tank is treated with titanium coating, special paint or other anti-corrosion coating.
The power of storage-type water heaters directly depends on the burner’s performance. Wall-mounted gas boilers are equipped with installations from three to five kilowatts, floor-standing options - from 6 kW and above. Devices can be produced with a closed or open combustion chamber. For the first modification, a standard chimney will be required; in the second case, the kit is equipped with a coaxial exhaust gas outlet.
When choosing a heater, you should pay attention to its compliance with safety standards. It must have overheating protection, water and gas sensors, a safety valve, a thermostat, a control unit and mandatory- draft indicator in the chimney.
Combined option
A combined type water boiler is rarely found on sale. Nevertheless, this design is very practical and has a right to exist. If the main power source does not work for any reason, the unit functions as a standard gas heater. This system is optimally suited for houses with a single-circuit heating boiler.
A combined (indirect) heating storage boiler aggregates with coolant from the heating system as a source of thermal energy. The boiler interacts with the boiler using a special piping. The liquid heated in the heating system enters the water heater, circulates through the heat exchanger, transferring part of the energy to the storage tank, and then goes back. An important point is that when using such units, the power reserve of the main device must be more than 30 percent.
Peculiarities
Double-circuit gas boiler floor type with internal storage, despite the high cost and complex installation, has a number of advantages, namely:
- water is supplied quickly;
- energy consumption is reduced compared to the flow model;
- it is possible to switch the operating mode from summer to winter;
- The device is reliable and easy to maintain.
Storage water heaters are usually installed in a private home or business. Firstly, they take up a lot of space. Secondly, the installation of such devices in apartments is strictly regulated.
When purchasing a kit, you should choose components from the same company, or those that interact with each other. For example, not all water heaters from one brand are suitable for boilers from another manufacturer.
Selection criteria
A gas boiler is a complex and dangerous (if insufficiently protected or improperly connected) device. Therefore, its choice must be approached thoroughly and responsibly.
If your home does not have a standard chimney, you will need to purchase a unit with a closed working chamber equipped with a special chimney exhaust and turbo exhaust. Such units are prohibited from being installed in enclosed spaces. They are installed in special utility rooms or boiler rooms where there is efficient ventilation.
An important role when choosing a device is played by its power. To avoid buying a heater that is not productive enough or, conversely, that consumes more energy than required, you need to take into account the ratio of power and performance parameters. If the result is less than two units, this is best option.
A mandatory aspect is safety. Check for gas control, dry-running and overheating protection, draft and pressure indicators, and safety valves.
Connecting a gas boiler
Without the appropriate qualifications and experience, you should not even try to install a gas water heater. on our own. The slightest mistake can lead to irreparable consequences. Installation and connection of a column or boiler of another type must be carried out exclusively by a specialist who has the appropriate permit.
The owner needs to consider a number of important factors:
- Installation of a gas water heater is permitted only after obtaining the appropriate permit from the gas service representative. It makes it easier to obtain if you simply replace the old column with a new unit.
- If the device is installed from scratch, obtaining a permit will take a lot of time and effort. The purchased device must comply with existing norms and standards. In addition, the water heater must have a certificate.
In addition to the main criteria, when choosing a gas boiler, you should take into account the adaptation of the device to domestic operating conditions (pressure parameters, gas composition and water quality). It is also advisable to pay attention to the combination with the type of connected heating system. For example, condensing-type boilers are installed with low-temperature heating and work well with heated floors.
Another advantage is the presence of a service center near your home. At the official representative office, you can repair the device much faster, without waiting months for the required spare part.
Conclusion
A gas boiler, the price of which depends on the modification, manufacturer, power and additional equipment, is excellent for residential and production premises, in which there is no centralized hot water supply. The main thing is to choose the right power and volume of the device. With proper installation, a high-quality water heater will last long time and will pay for itself quickly. The minimum price for European brands starts from 15-20 thousand rubles.
If you don’t know what to choose - a gas water heater or a water heater, read our article carefully. It is important to take into account all the nuances so that there are no problems with operation in the future. Let's figure out how profitable and convenient it is to connect your own water heater.
Boilers are divided into two main types: flow-through and storage. The latter are equipped with a tank of different volumes with thermal insulation. Water accumulates in the tank and is constantly heated using a heating element.
Flow devices are equipped with. Water flows through them, instantly reaching the desired temperature. This technique has great power.
Boilers can operate from different energy sources:
- natural gas;
- electricity;
- solid fuel (indirect heating).
The most popular are and electric heaters. Which is better to choose? To understand the issue, you need to understand the principle of their operation, evaluate the advantages and disadvantages.
Gas water heaters heat the water quickly using a burner. They work on the flow-through principle, so you will get a hot stream at any time, just open the tap. Gas heating devices cannot be called a new invention, but today they are especially popular. Their body is compact and has a nice design. In addition, gas is cheaper than electricity.
Electric storage devices are most often found in apartments, houses, and enterprises. They are designed for a power of 1.5-3 kW. The manufacturer took care of efficiency: polyurethane foam is hidden between two layers of the tank, which retains heat. Special sensors allow you to bring water to a certain temperature and constantly maintain it.
Recently they began to produce hybrids - storage gas boilers. They are not very popular yet.
In essence, a gas water heater is the same flow-through heater. So what is more profitable to buy?
Pros and cons of water heaters
Let's start the comparison with electric boilers. When the temperature in the tank reaches a certain level, a large volume is immediately available to you hot water.
If you choose a tank according to your family's needs, then it will provide water for everyone.
Main advantages:
- Easy to install. You can perform the installation yourself according to the instructions. This does not require a gas supply system, only reliable wiring and an outlet of suitable power.
The boiler does not require special documentation or permission for installation.
- Ease of use. Provides multiple sampling points. In this case, the flow force depends on the power of the tap, and not on the pressure force in the system.
- Connection does not require laying a separate pipeline and ventilation outlet.
- Long service life. Some models are equipped with dry heating elements. The spiral is in a protective flask and is not subject to scale or corrosion.
- High efficiency - 99%.
- Safe to use when installed correctly.
- Quiet operation. The tubular heating element operates almost silently.
The disadvantages of a storage boiler are the limited volume of heated liquid. If you have used up the resource, you will have to wait at least half an hour until the next portion is ready.
There may be two scenarios for the development of events if the tank volume is incorrectly selected:
- The equipment chosen was too spacious. Then the contents take longer to heat up, energy is wasted to maintain the temperature, and in fact all the contents are not used.
- Insufficient volume will result in constant waiting for water to heat up.
Since the equipment runs on electricity, when it is turned off, the contents will cool down.
Another disadvantage is the weight and size of the tank. For a family of 3-4 people you need at least 80 liters. In small rooms, placing such a housing becomes a problem. Installation must be carried out on a solid brick wall.
The device requires constant cleaning. Hard water causes scale and corrosion. It is necessary to clean the heating elements and walls from plaque and use filters.
Gas water heaters also have their followers. Their main advantages:
- Instant water heating. As soon as you open the tap, the ignition fires and heating occurs. Moreover, the flow comes in unlimited quantities until the mixer closes.
- Operation does not depend on the availability of electricity.
- Cost-effective: gas is cheaper than electricity.
- Turbocharged models are equipped with mechanical turn signals. With their help you can regulate the burner power.
- The compact body does not take up much space. Often has a modern and unusual design.
- The geyser does not have problems with scale from poor quality water, but it still requires periodic maintenance.
Although the column efficiency is less than 90%, this is not noticeable in practice.
- Some models can be used for water heating and heating.
It turns out that operating the speaker is cheaper, more convenient, more economical and more profitable. Why then does electrical technology have the main advantage?
- The product data sheet indicates the volumes that the dispenser provides users with. But it does heat up to a certain temperature, so it is important to consider the inlet temperature of the liquid. For example, the model provides 11 liters per minute with heating up to 25 degrees. If the input was 10 degrees, then the output will be 35°C. This will be enough for summer use. Otherwise, you need to choose a product with more power.
- Difficult to install. It is not enough to simply buy and connect the device. First, a project is prepared, which is agreed upon with the municipal institution. Permission is obtained and documentation is drawn up. Installation should only be carried out by a specialist.
- Organization of chimney and ventilation. Combustion products must be discharged outdoors.
- Pressure dependent. If the pressure in the pipes decreases, the burner may not fire. Ease of use is questionable when the second point is turned on. For example, you are taking a shower, and the tap opens in the kitchen. Then your water temperature will drop.
Installation gas installation only possible in the kitchen. According to the rules.
We looked at the advantages and disadvantages of technology. What to choose?
Which water heater should you choose?
In the selection process, the question of price arises: for some, cost is great value. Since the operating principles of the devices are different, you can rely on their provision hot water.
See table:
In terms of cost, gas equipment wins.
You need to take into account the complexity and cost of installation. Let's compare them in the table:
| Electric boiler | Gas water heater |
| It is not easy to choose an installation location, since the design has large size. | The compact dimensions of the case will easily fit into the kitchen. |
| The weight of a filled tank is very large. You need strong fastenings and a brick wall. | The column weighs little. Fire safety must be taken into account during installation. |
| There is no need to organize a chimney. | A chimney and ventilation are required to remove combustion products. |
| You can connect to the network yourself. However, when high power you will have to lay a thick cable. | Connecting a gas main requires accompanying documentation and the presence of a specialist. |
| You can begin operation after connection. | Commissioning and permit required. |
By comparing all the pros and cons, you will make right choice. The column has advantages in a home where it is impossible to connect another heater. But if you take into account the cost of power, its operation will be cheaper.
An ordinary everyday situation - on summer time The hot water was turned off. What to choose - a gas water heater or a boiler? This question is relevant both for apartment residents and private homeowners. The issue of interest is not so much the price (although this is also important), but rather the power, operating costs, possibility of installation and potential breakdowns. In the article we will look at both options, give the pros and cons of each, and also make a selection of the most popular models.
Types of water heaters
First, let's figure out what kind of heaters exist in principle, since a boiler or a gas water heater are far from the only ones, but they are the most popular on this list. All devices are divided into two categories according to heating method:
- storage (boilers), where water is collected in a certain tank and heated there to a certain temperature (no more than 85°);
- flow-through (columns) equipped with heating elements, passing through which the water is instantly heated. Temperature in in this case does not exceed 75°.
Both types operate on both electricity and gas. In addition, there are indirect heating boilers, but if assessed by popularity among consumers, this device is at the lowest level. As a rule, they choose between two main options - a water heater or a gas water heater. These devices are quality characteristics They are more suitable for everyday needs and meet approximately the same tasks. But which one to choose - read on.
An electric boiler creates a very high current online, which is unacceptable for apartments and houses with old wiring. The same can be said about power limitations - for example, at dachas, where the maximum allowed is 5 kW and single phase meter, the boiler will not work.
A gas boiler is also not the most popular product, therefore, if there is a centralized gas pipeline, it is much more convenient and expedient to use a water heater. In private houses where a gas pipeline is already connected, it is recommended to install double-circuit boilers, where one circuit works for heating, the second, respectively, for heating water.
So, in order to compare which is better: a gas water heater or an electric water heater, we will highlight 3 main criteria:
- ease of use;
- energy price;
- complexity of installation;
- price.
Geyser - pros and cons
Since Russia is one of the largest suppliers of blue fuel in the world, for us it is the most inexpensive energy source, which is beneficial in terms of maintenance costs.
Ease of use lies in the ability to continuously supply hot water, but it is important to choose the right power gas burner, otherwise you risk not getting the desired temperature.
Power has 3 stages:
- 17-19 kW;
- 20-24 kW;
- 26-31 kW.
When using a unit in an apartment for one point, a power of 20-24 kW is sufficient for a family of 3-5 people. For a private home, it is more profitable to have such a unit, since it has a reduced water pressure (from 0.02 MPa) and saves gas consumption.
All modern models equipped with winter-summer regulators, which allows you to save up to 50% on service fees.
At the price of the equipment - for 6000 rubles. You can buy a good speaker. For example, Zenden brand equipment will cost 49,600 rubles, Oazis and Zanussi - 5,600 rubles. etc.
Flaws:
- For installation, it is necessary to coordinate the project with the controlling organizations, including the gas service. On average, installation, provided gas is available, will cost up to 2,000 rubles.
- A prerequisite for operation is the presence of a chimney and high-quality ventilation.
During operation, it is important to monitor the air flow into the apartment and the operation of ventilation. It is recommended to open the windows for ventilation. This is especially true for sealed plastic windows - in winter they are set to micro-ventilation mode.
- The need for systematic inspection of the column and cleaning of soot. Parts made of non-ferrous metals from constant contact with flames fail and require replacement.
- Its efficiency factor (92%) is lower than that of a boiler - 99%. Efficiency in summer is different from winter. In summer, the water heater produces 6-7 l/min, in winter 4-5 l/min. In winter, when heating ice water, even operating in maximum mode, the column is not able to heat it sufficiently.
Equipment classification
The main gradation is carried out according to the method of igniting the wick:
- Automatic
They begin to function immediately after opening the water tap;
- Semi-automatic
To turn on the unit, first manually light the wick. In such devices, the flame strength should be adjusted when the water pressure changes.
It cannot be strengthened by opening a “cold” tap. If there is a sharp decrease in water pressure, you must immediately reduce the flame in the wick or turn it off completely. Otherwise, the column may burn out or even explode from overheating.
In automatic analogues, its adjustment and shutdown occurs without human intervention.
- Turbocharged
A fan (turbine) is attached to the combustion bunker to enhance air movement. It also expels exhaust air along with combustion products. With this improvement, the operation of the unit does not depend on the presence of draft in the chimney pipe.
This model appeared on the market quite recently. It operates in automatic mode, ensuring safety and reliability. To monitor the work process, sensors are placed on the body, indicating water pressure, its temperature and heat exchanger parameters. At the slightest imbalance, the unit instantly turns off automatically.
VIDEO: How to choose a geyser
Electric boiler - advantages and disadvantages
When understanding whether a boiler or a flow-through device is better, you need to understand that the work of the former is structured in a completely different way. Its design includes a reservoir of a certain volume, into which water is collected and heated by built-in heating elements (tubular electric heaters). On average, it takes at least 2 hours to heat water, during which a temperature of 60° is reached. Such equipment is convenient in that heating is carried out automatically, even if there is no water intake.
Among the main advantages we highlight:
- simple installation that you can do yourself;
- no additional devices (chimney or ventilation);
- does not depend on water pressure;
- equipment cost.
Most models can be repaired. Subject to certain conditions, in particular, replacing the magnesium anode, the service life is at least 8 years.
Flaws:
- long time for heating - realizing that it is more profitable to immediately heat water for the whole family, you need to choose a tank according to flow rate. For example, for a family of 4 people you need a boiler with a tank volume of 80 liters or more;
- large size - a large tank is difficult to place in a small apartment. As a rule, they are installed in the bathroom and the fastening must be provided in such a way that a person does not touch it.
VIDEO: How to choose a boiler
Gas water heater
This heating device combined a column and an electric boiler. This is where all its pros and cons follow.
On the one hand, it is easy to install and holds a large supply of hot water, on the other hand, the use of natural gas imposes strict obligations for approval by licensing authorities and difficult installation. A chimney and ventilation are required for its operation.
Comparative characteristics
|
Comparison factors |
Geyser |
|
|
Large object requiring at least a square meter free space |
Compact dimensions |
|
|
Difficulty in installation |
Do-it-yourself installation |
For legal installation, it is necessary to collect a package of documents and approve the project. After receiving official permission, the installation is carried out by qualified craftsmen with a certain clearance category. |
|
Installation Requirements |
Availability of proper electrical wiring and sufficient permitted power |
Availability of chimney and ventilation. Connection only via metal pipes. The wall where the equipment is mounted is covered with heat-resistant material at least 1 cm thick |
|
Warm-up time |
To receive comfortable temperature and the volume for the whole family requires 3-4 hours |
Instant water heating |
|
Water temperature at several points |
Does not change - water comes out at the same temperature at all points |
When drawing water from even two points, the temperature at the latter will be significantly lower |
|
Which is more economical? |
On average, heating water consumes 3 kW of energy per hour |
Modern equipment consumes about 2.3 cubic meters of liquefied gas |
|
It requires water filtration, removal of lime deposits from the heating element, and cleaning of the tank. If there is a magnesium anode, maintenance is reduced only to its regular replacement |
Regular check for gas pressure |
As you can see, there is no clear answer as to which is more profitable and which is better: a boiler or a water heater. Both devices have both advantages and disadvantages. The main disadvantage of a storage water heater is its size, despite the fact that for connection you only need an outlet and pipe routing. A gas appliance has a minus in the complexity of installation, but in the future there is a minimum of hassle and lower operating costs.
When choosing electric boiler Be sure to install a magnesium anode. It neutralizes the effects limescale on the heating element and significantly extends its service life.
What models are popular on the market
Our article would not be complete if we did not provide examples of models that are popular among users. Statistics were carried out based on data from online stores.
The absolute leader in the water heating devices market. The reservoir consists of two communicating sections, the inner part is covered with enamel with silver ions. 2 heating elements operate alternately, which ensures savings in energy consumption. Equipped with an audible error indicator and a high degree of protection. Cost - 8260 rub.
According to statistics, THERMEX produces the most reliable equipment in the average price category. The warranty period is also the highest - 10 years. The inside of the tank is treated with anti-corrosion enamel. Equipped with an indicator panel The cost of a tank with a volume of 80 liters is 9600 rubles.
The tank is made of stainless steel and has high-quality thermal insulation. Bottom water connection. Power - 2 kW, maximum heating temperature 75°. 7 year warranty on the tank, 2 years on structural elements. Cost 24,000 rubles for 100 liters.
Equipped with electronic ignition from AA batteries. Performance and heating controls are provided. The burner is made of stainless steel, the heat exchanger is copper. Operation at minimum pressure is possible. Cost 5200 rub.
The Russian manufacturer has developed equipment that optimally meets the needs - automatic ignition as soon as the pressure is sufficient, energy efficiency and the absence of a constant flame in the pilot burner. Cost 8500 rub.
Another sample Russian manufacturer with more than compact dimensions. And although its productivity is low - 9 liters per minute with a power of 17.9 kW, it has an affordable price of 7,000 rubles. makes it one of the most popular on our market.
VIDEO: What to choose - boiler or geyser
One of the options for providing hot water supply is a gas boiler. A gas water heater, compared to an electric one, is more economical in operation and more high speed heating But their installation requires obtaining permission from the gas service, as well as supplying a gas pipe and installing a chimney.
Types of gas water heaters and their operating principles
Gas boiler operation diagram: 1-exhaust, 2-heat exchanger, 3-gas burner, 4-fan, 5-control panel, 6-flow sensor, 7-hot water outlet, 8-gas supply, 9-cold water supply
Gas boilers come in two types, differing in heating method: flow-through and storage. Geyser, as they are otherwise called instantaneous boiler, is capable of heating any amount of liquid and can serve several consumers simultaneously (bathtub, washstand). Heating occurs using the following elements: main burner, pilot burner and heat exchanger. The pilot burner can be ignited manually or automatically if the equipment is equipped with piezo ignition. It lights up constantly so that the heat exchanger is always heated and when supplied, water will immediately come out of the tap hot. When the tap is opened, the valve opens the gas supply. The main burner ignites and heats the heat exchanger through which water passes.
Gas storage water heater is a tank that is filled with water. A layer of thermal insulation is placed between the tank and the boiler body, which maintains the temperature of the heated liquid for a long time. The tank is often made from stainless steel, which has the proper strength and durability. There is a gas burner located under the bottom of the container. Exhaust gases are removed through a pipe passing inside the water tank. It also acts as a second heat exchanger (the first is the bottom of the tank). Depending on the type of combustion chamber (open or closed), the chimney can be conventional or coaxial.
storage gas water heater device
Water is supplied to the container through the bottom pipe, and hot water comes out through the top. The boiler is equipped with a thermostat that controls the degree of water heating, and a damper that shuts off the gas supply when it reaches maximum temperature. Some models also have piezo ignition, which allows the boiler to turn on automatically when the water temperature level drops. The container has a magnesium anode, which serves to collect scale and requires periodic cleaning.
Criteria for choosing a gas boiler
a geyser is usually installed in the kitchen
First of all, you will need to determine which water heater is better to buy: storage or instantaneous. There are a number of requirements for its installation, the main ones of which are the presence of a chimney and good ventilation premises, therefore not every apartment allows the installation of gas equipment. A gas instantaneous water heater is often chosen for an apartment, while any of them is suitable for a private house. It must be taken into account that storage boiler It can also operate on liquefied gas if there is no main gas supply to the house. Such a water heater for a summer house or country house would also be a good option.
If problems with water pressure in the system are possible, you need to choose storage gas water heater.
Having decided to install a gas water heater, you will need to evaluate the following criteria and select the right option:
- ignition: electric, manual, automatic;
- burner type: with constant or simulated power. The second option is preferable, since the first one will require manual installation thermal power, but it may change and the device will work less efficiently;
- power: 17-31 kW. The choice of power depends on the number of consumers. So, when using a washbasin and bathtub at the same time, the consumption is 10 liters of water per minute (17-20 kW). If at this moment you open another tap, the power may not be enough.
- protection devices: from flame extinction, lack of draft, effect reverse thrust. It is better if the column is equipped with all types of protection.
A gas boiler can operate automatically, turning on only when the water cools to a certain level
When choosing an instantaneous water heater, you need to evaluate its following characteristics:
- Power. It is calculated based on the number of water points that can be used simultaneously.
- Tank volume. It is determined depending on consumption or the number of people living in an apartment or house, as well as the number of consumers (bathtub, washstand, shower). For a small family of two people, a boiler with a volume of 100-120 liters is required. For a family of more than four people – over 120 liters. At the same time, the rule “the more the better” does not work here. If the volume is higher than consumed, then heating it will require more gas consumption, i.e. the boiler will be ineffective from an economic point of view.
- Quality of thermal insulation. It is worth paying attention to this parameter to avoid unnecessary heat loss.
- Additional elements. The thermostat allows you to control the heating temperature. The cold water flow regulator controls both temperature and pressure. It is necessary when there is insufficient pressure in the system.
Choosing a brand, reviewing prices, studying reviews
According to reviews, the most popular brands of speakers are: Electrolux, Bosch, Neva, Ariston, AEG, Junkers. Regarding quality, there are negative reviews about the Niva, which failed after four years of operation. Electrolux also broke down for one user, but they replaced it with a similar one and it has been functioning for more than five years, without any complaints. Therefore, when choosing, it is worth assessing the reputation of the manufacturer, the country of manufacture, as well as the proven quality of the brand as a whole. When choosing a boiler, the price of which is determined based on the power and country of the manufacturer, it is worth studying its main characteristics:
- Electrolux GWH 265 ERN NANO PLUS (Sweden). Power 20 kW, electric ignition, productivity 10 l per minute. Size 550x328x180 mm, weight 7.8 kg. Price: 9 thousand rubles.
- Bosch Therm 4000 WR 10-2 P (Germany). Power 17.4 kW, piezo ignition, capacity 10 l per minute. Size 580x310x200 mm, weight 11.5 kg. Price: 10.2 thousand rubles.
- Neva 4511 (Russia). Power 21 kW, productivity 11 l per minute. Size 565x290x221 mm, weight 10 kg. Price: 5 thousand rubles.
- Ariston Fast 11 (Italy/China). Power 19.2 kW, piezo ignition, capacity 11 l per minute, size 580x318x223 mm, weight 10 kg. Price: 10 thousand rubles.
The Bradford water heater is expensive
If you need to buy a gas storage water heater, users leave positive reviews about the following brands: Bradford, Electrolux, BAXI. Let's look at their technical characteristics:
- Ariston SGA 120 R (Italy/China). Power 6.38 kW, tank volume 120 l, piezo ignition, size 1200x450x450 mm, weight 43 kg. Price: 11.6 thousand rubles.
- Bradford White MI40S6BN (UK). Power 11.7 kW, tank volume 150 l, brass drain valve, traction stabilizer, size 1295x508x508 mm, weight 59 kg. Price: 35 thousand rubles.
- BAXI SAGN 100 (Italy). Power 6.2 kW, tank volume 100 l, size 1024x450x450 mm, weight 32 kg. Price: 7.5 thousand rubles.
When choosing a brand, users recommend choosing a manufacturer that has service center in the city to be able to be served. It will not be superfluous upon receipt permitting documentation in the gas industry, clarify this point. Sometimes they recommend specific manufacturers with whom they have an outsourcing or other installation agreement.
Photo: www.vgservis.ru
In our country, gas water heaters have been known for a long time and enjoy well-deserved trust. Among their advantages are operation on gas, which allows significant savings on the cost of hot water (as a result, it is cheaper in economic terms than an electric water heater), independence from the supply of electricity, which is very convenient in rural areas, fairly low cost of equipment, wide selection of models by type and brand of manufacturer.
Modern gas-fired water heaters are equipped with all kinds of control devices that allow users to be completely confident in the safety of the device.
Gas water heaters are divided into two types regarding the method of operation: instantaneous (columns) and storage (gas boilers). Each of them has undeniable advantages and disadvantages. You need to choose the best option only after thoroughly familiarizing yourself with the general principles of operation of each type of equipment.
Flow gas heaters
Photo: www.ua.all.biz
Gas water heaters flow type, or as they are also called - dispensers - are devices powered by main gas. They are popular both now and previously were widely known among domestic consumers. Modern speakers are very comfortable, safe and do not have the significant disadvantages of their predecessors. They are equipped with thermostats, which makes it possible to easily maintain the selected temperature, have multi-level security systems, built-in functions, an elegant appearance and do not take up much space.
Features of gas water heaters of this type
Basic requirement for installing water heaters of this type- availability of constant gas from main networks. But it’s worth saying that some manufacturers make water heaters that work great even on liquefied gas, but the number of such models is extremely small.
Depending on the power of the unit, it can heat from 5 to 17 liters of water per minute - approximately the same amount as can be obtained by simply opening water tap centralized hot water.
Types of instantaneous water heaters
According to the ignition method, gas water heaters are of the following types:
- Piezo(the spark comes from the piezoelectric element);
- Electronic ignition(spark comes from simple batteries);
- Hydro generators(the burner will be ignited directly from the miniturbine).
Experts note that gas water heaters with pietro ignition and constant burning of the pilot flame (most often this budget models domestic production Neva, Vector) ultimately consume more gas and, accordingly, higher bills for its payment than for models with automatic ignition from batteries or a hydrogenerator.
In addition, many of the latest models are equipped with modulating burners, which regulate the operation of the device according to an increase or decrease in the amount of food consumed. warm water(or fluctuations in its temperature upon exit).
Technical features of the operation of instantaneous water heaters
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Water heaters operating on gas are completely safe - when the flame on the pilot burner goes out or there is a malfunction in the chimney, the flow of gas and, accordingly, the operation of the column are blocked to prevent an emergency.
The main advantage of all types of geysers is the instant heating of water - as soon as the burner flame ignites, the water that passes through the coil inside this geyser begins to heat up. Therefore, users can receive an almost unlimited amount of heated water without waiting.
Gas water heaters have a power from 17 to 30 kW. If warm water is needed for one water intake point, for example, in the kitchen, then a column rated at 17-23 kW will be sufficient. In order to fully provide hot water and a bathroom, you need equipment with a power of more than 24 kW. The maximum value for gas heaters is 28-30 kW of power. The amount of water heated per unit of time will depend on this indicator. Work productivity various models columns can range from 5 to 16 liters per minute. Regarding orientation when choosing the optimal type of column based on the ratio of performance and warm water consumption:
- 10-11 liters per minute - only enough for kitchen needs or taking a shower;
- 13-14 liters per minute - allows you to simultaneously use heated water in two different points - for example, in the kitchen and bathroom;
- 14 liters per minute or more is maximum comfort, makes it possible to obtain high-temperature water at several points at once.
It is worth noting that the figure of 24 kW is prohibitive for electric water heaters - in order to ensure such efficiency of the unit, electricity would have to be connected to it via a cable as thick as an adult’s finger.
Combustion chamber
Instantaneous water heaters have an open or closed view combustion chambers. It is worth considering that heaters with closed chamber. The reason is that they take air not from the room where they are directly based, but from the neighboring one - due to the presence of a system of conductive pipes. Models of heaters with an open chamber, on the contrary, consume air from the room where they are located - accordingly, if there is any malfunction of the system, gas can enter the room where the column is installed and this can lead to emergency consequences. Accordingly, columns having open camera combustion require special attention.
Advantages of instantaneous water heaters
Instantaneous water heaters are quite elegant, do not take up much space and are economical in gas consumption. As a rule, after opening the warm water tap, the automation switches on, opening the gas valve and igniting the burner. Now there are several ignition systems - with or without a duty wick. The presence of a wick means that you can light it yourself using a lighter, as was done many years ago. In systems without a pilot wick, the gas burner is ignited automatically using electronic or hydrodynamic ignition. The operating principles of the hydrodynamic ignition system are quite simple and do not require additional sources of energy - after the tap is opened, a flow of cold water flows into the column, while the water spins the turbine of the generator, which generates electricity in order to ignite the gas.
When installing a gas instantaneous water heater, it is important to consider that the distance between the unit and the tap should be no more than 6 meters, otherwise the waiting time for water will increase.
The most convenient to use are columns with modular burners, since they automatically regulate the gas supply in such an amount that when the water pressure at the outlet fluctuates, its temperature remains constant.
Accordingly, a geyser in the presence of main gas is one of the simplest and economical options obtaining hot water.
Storage gas heaters
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Gas water heaters cumulative type- boilers - are devices with a large capacity that heat water using liquefied or main gas. They differ from geysers in lower energy consumption and more impressive dimensions. Just like other storage devices, such water heaters need a certain time to heat up the water, and accordingly, similar models are less popular among the population than water heaters. The installation process for both instantaneous and gas-fired storage water heaters is almost identical.
Advantages of gas boilers
It should be noted that the majority brands They produce two types of gas heater models regarding the type of combustion chamber: closed and open. When the combustion chamber is closed, the draft is forced, while when the combustion chamber is open, it is natural.
Cumulative gas heaters with forced draft are more modern and convenient to use, do not require additional air flow in the room to support combustion processes, their installation is simpler and cheaper, since they do not require the installation of a traditional chimney. But there is one drawback - they are more expensive than gas water heaters with open type combustion chambers.
Technical characteristics of gas boilers
Boilers that are intended for domestic needs, respectively, have a small displacement and are mounted directly on the wall, while gas boilers of semi-industrial and industrial types are installed on the floor due to their large dimensions and heavy weight. Wall-mounted water heaters have tanks with a volume of up to 120 liters, this amount of water is enough for the domestic needs of an ordinary family of 3-4 people. The tank volume of floor heaters can range from 150 to 20,000 liters.
An undoubted advantage of boiler water heaters is the presence of a supply of hot water - it exists thanks to a storage tank. Also, water heaters of this type have minimal heat loss - almost all models have a special thermal insulation layer consisting of polyurethane or mineral wool, which prevents the water from cooling quickly.
Storage gas heaters are completely safe - most models have draft and flame sensors. In the event of a malfunction, they block the gas supply to the unit.
Storage type heaters are also great for household use in large families, it is possible to connect equipment simultaneously to several water intake points and immediately use hot water in both the bathroom and kitchen.
Regarding the important characteristics of boilers, it is worth noting that due to the gradual heating of the liquid in the tank, storage water heaters have a relatively low power - from 4.2 to 9 kW. The higher this indicator, the more powerful the unit and the faster the water is heated. It is also worth noting that with equal volumes of the storage tank, a gas water heater heats water faster than an electric one. In addition, it is not affected by outages, restrictions or power fluctuations.
Selection of gas water heaters
The most valuable advantage of water heaters is their independence from interruptions in the supply of warm water. centralized system hot water supply, it is not turned off in cases of accidents, interruptions or maintenance work. Undoubtedly, it is important that the user independently selects the desired water temperature (from 200 to 600C). In addition, it often happens that central system hot water supply, the temperature of warm water does not always correspond to temperature standards - not hot, but warm water flows through the pipes.
Additionally, it is worth noting that the amount of payment for water heated using a gas water heater will in any case be lower than the tariff for centralized supply.
When purchasing a gas water heater, you should pay close attention to its technical characteristics - if the power is less than necessary for use, then there will be a constant lack of hot water (the water will be at a lower temperature); with constant overloads, the equipment will quickly fail. Also, if the power of the unit is sufficient for the planned consumption, then the water heater may also soon break down - if permanent job at maximum power and high speed heating elements They will soon simply fail.
Comparative technical characteristics of gas water heaters
The need for automatic flame control in columns
Modern speakers have a traditional or modular burner. In the design of a traditional burner, the heating element constantly operates at a given power; the water temperature will change if the pressure of the water flow decreases. You must manually reduce or increase power depending on your needs. Columns with a modulating burner do not need to carry out these manipulations, because there is automatic regulation, special sensors work that control the liquid pressure, gas pressure and the power is adjusted accordingly, which allows you to maintain the temperature set by the user.
Types of heat exchanger material in the design of gas heaters
One of the most important components of water heaters is constituent elements is a heat exchanger. Therefore, when purchasing, you need to pay attention to what material it is made of. Most often it is made of copper - this material is durable and not subject to corrosion, and accordingly, the unit will serve faithfully long term. But copper also has weak side- intolerance to too high temperatures; in this case, sensors are needed that will prevent the element from overheating.
The heat exchanger can be made of copper - it will be resistant to high temperature, but its service life is relatively short - a couple of years at most. therefore, you should not be surprised that the cost of speakers with a steel heat exchanger will be lower than with a copper one.
Installation of gas water heaters
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Most important point Regarding installation issues, it is impossible to install and connect a gas water heater either independently or with the help of non-professionals in an attempt to save money on installation. Carrying out installation work by amateurs can not only damage gas equipment, but also lead to dangerous situations, gas leaks, fires, and explosions.
Initially, any gas equipment requires increased attention and a serious approach when carrying out installation work. In order to provide installation and maintenance services for gas units in our country, there is mandatory certification of all services that deal with this area of work. Their activities are regulated regulatory documents state standard. When concluding a contract for the installation of gas units, you should carefully review all the certificates and documents of the service, find out customer reviews (it is best if these are friends, neighbors, or relatives who have already hired specialists from this service at least several months ago).
There are several various options connection of gas water heaters - using flexible hoses, metal-plastic or propylene pipe. For hot water only propylene or metal-plastic pipes, because flexible liner will quickly fail.
If a gas water heater is installed wall type, then it comes with anchors for attaching the unit to the wall. You should also take into account the quality of the water - in the case when tap water is hard, sediment will form when heated, accordingly, it is advisable to install a regular filter at the hot water outlet rough cleaning so that sediment does not flow further into the pipes. Additionally, it is necessary to take into account that the formation of scale reduces the performance of the water heater and its service life. In order to prevent its occurrence, you should contact specialists who will periodically clean the gas water heater pipes from the resulting limescale, this procedure impossible on your own.
The installation of a gas heater of any type should be entrusted to specialists: firstly, this ensures safety and the absence of emergency situations, and secondly, there is a warranty on the water heater itself, because in the case of self-installation of the equipment, the warranty on the product is automatically removed.
Technical requirements for installation work of gas heaters
In all private houses and apartments, when installing speakers, you must know the initial safety requirements.
If the column has an open combustion chamber, then the cubic capacity of the room area should be at least 8 square meters. If the water heater has a closed chamber, then the area of the room must be at least 6 square meters. The ceiling height in the room must be at least 2.2 meters and must have natural ventilation. If the dispenser model has an open combustion chamber, then it is necessary to provide for a constant flow into the room fresh air, for example, through a window or an ajar door.
More often geysers installed as close as possible to mixers (water intake points). In apartments they are mainly installed in the kitchen.
For gas instantaneous water heaters that have an open chamber, combustion products must be removed through a chimney with natural draft. This chimney must be made of acid-resistant steel, because during the oxidation process aggressive acids will be formed, causing corrosion on simple, unprotected metal. For models with a closed chamber, combustion products must be removed through a coaxial channel.
Conclusions
Gas water heaters are great for heating hot water. They are used for both domestic and industrial needs in the presence of main or liquefied gas. There is a wide selection of types of heaters - the market offers an assortment of both domestic and foreign manufacturers of this equipment, each of which has a wide model range. Among their undoubted advantages is independence from voltage surges in electrical network(which happens quite often in our conditions, especially outside the city), efficiency and autonomous provision of hot water to a house or apartment. You should only buy gas heaters in new condition, checking for the presence of all certificates and permits - if you end up with a fake, the cost of inattention can be too high, because it can lead to dangerous situation. The installation of equipment should also be entrusted to specialists, after first familiarizing yourself with their licenses and work permits, because if the equipment is installed by non-specialized workers, the warranty on the purchased product will automatically expire.