Basil is wonderful all-purpose seasoning for meat, fish, soups and fresh salads- well known to all lovers of Caucasian and Italian cuisine. However, upon closer inspection, basil turns out to be a surprisingly versatile plant. For several seasons now, our family has been happily drinking aromatic basil tea. In a flowerbed with perennials and in flowerpots with annual flowers, bright spice plant a worthy place was also found.
Thuja or juniper - which is better? This question can sometimes be heard in garden centers and markets where these plants are sold. It is, of course, not entirely correct and correct. Well, it’s the same as asking what is better - night or day? Coffee or tea? Woman or man? Surely, everyone will have their own answer and opinion. And yet... What if you approach with an open mind and try to compare juniper and thuja according to certain objective parameters? Let's try it.
Brown Cream of Cauliflower Soup with Crispy Smoked Bacon is a delicious, smooth and creamy soup that both adults and children will love. If you are preparing a dish for the whole family, including kids, then do not add a lot of spices, although many modern children are not at all against spicy flavors. Bacon for serving can be prepared in different ways - fry in a frying pan, as in this recipe, or bake in the oven on parchment for about 20 minutes at 180 degrees.
For some, the time of sowing seeds for seedlings is a long-awaited and nice chores, for some it is a difficult necessity, while others are thinking about whether it would be easier to buy ready-made seedlings on the market or from friends? Be that as it may, even if you gave up growing vegetable crops, for sure, you will still have to sow something. These include flowers, perennials, conifers and much more. A seedling is still a seedling, no matter what you sow.
amateur humid air and one of the most compact and rare orchids pafinia is a real star for most orchid growers. Its flowering rarely lasts longer than a week, but it can be an unforgettable sight. You want to look at the unusual striped patterns on the huge flowers of the modest orchid endlessly. IN indoor culture pafinia is rightly ranked among the difficult-to-grow species. It became fashionable only with the spread of interior terrariums.
Pumpkin ginger marmalade is a warming sweet that can be prepared almost all year round. Pumpkin keeps for a long time - sometimes I manage to save a few vegetables until summer, fresh ginger and lemons are always available these days. Lemon can be replaced with lime or orange to create different flavors - variety in sweets is always nice. The finished marmalade is placed in dry jars; it can be stored at room temperature, but it is always healthier to prepare fresh products.
In 2014, the Japanese company Takii seed introduced petunia with a striking petal color - salmon-orange. Based on associations with the bright colors of the southern sunset sky, the unique hybrid was named African Sunset. Needless to say, this petunia instantly won the hearts of gardeners and was in great demand. But in the last two years, the curiosity has suddenly disappeared from store windows. Where did the orange petunia go?
Our family loves sweet peppers, so we plant them every year. Most of the varieties that I grow have been tested by me for more than one season; I cultivate them constantly. I also try to try something new every year. Pepper is a heat-loving plant and quite whimsical. Varietal and hybrid varieties of tasty and productive sweet peppers, which grow well for me, will be discussed further. I live in central Russia.
Meat cutlets with broccoli in béchamel sauce - great idea for a quick lunch or dinner. Start by preparing the mince and at the same time heat 2 liters of water to a boil to blanch the broccoli. By the time the cutlets are fried, the cabbage will be ready. All that remains is to collect the ingredients in a frying pan, season with sauce and bring to readiness. Broccoli needs to be cooked quickly to retain its vibrant color. green, which, when cooked for a long time, either fades or the cabbage turns brown.
Home floriculture - not only exciting process, but also a very troublesome hobby. And, as a rule, the more experience a grower has, the healthier his plants look. What should those who do not have experience do, but want to have indoor plants at home - not elongated, stunted specimens, but beautiful and healthy ones that do not cause a feeling of guilt with their fading? For beginners and gardeners who are not burdened long experience, I’ll tell you about the main mistakes that are easy to avoid.
Lush cheesecakes in a frying pan with banana-apple confiture - another recipe for everyone’s favorite dish. To prevent cheesecakes from falling off after cooking, remember a few simple rules. Firstly, only fresh and dry cottage cheese, secondly, no baking powder or soda, thirdly, the thickness of the dough - you can sculpt from it, it is not tight, but pliable. Good dough with a small amount of flour you will only get good cottage cheese, but here again see the “firstly” point.
It is no secret that many drugs from pharmacies have migrated to summer cottages. Their use, at first glance, seems so exotic that some summer residents are perceived with hostility. At the same time, potassium permanganate is a long-known antiseptic that is used in both medicine and veterinary medicine. In plant growing, a solution of potassium permanganate is used both as an antiseptic and as a fertilizer. In this article we will tell you how to properly use potassium permanganate in the garden.
Meat salad pork with mushrooms - a rural dish that can often be found on festive table in the village. This recipe is with champignons, but if possible, use forest mushrooms, then be sure to cook it this way, it will be even tastier. You don’t need to spend a lot of time preparing this salad - put the meat in a pan for 5 minutes and another 5 minutes for slicing. Everything else happens practically without the participation of the cook - the meat and mushrooms are boiled, cooled, and marinated.
Cucumbers grow well not only in a greenhouse or conservatory, but also in open ground. Typically, cucumbers are sown from mid-April to mid-May. Harvesting in this case is possible from mid-July to the end of summer. Cucumbers cannot tolerate frost. That's why we don't sow them too early. However, there is a way to bring their harvest closer and taste the juicy beauties from your garden at the beginning of summer or even in May. It is only necessary to take into account some of the features of this plant.
Euonymus is one of the most beautiful woody plants countries of Europe and Asia. The article discusses how planting and proper care. Get acquainted with decorative varieties The presented photos allow you to see this shrub. The described methods of propagating euonymus will help everyone who wants to stock up on the required amount. planting material for creating a hedge or colorful decoration of the territory personal plot. The application of fertilizers will ensure good growth of seedlings and bright colors of its leaves and fruits.
Varieties and varieties of euonymus
The genus Euonymus is part of the Euonymus family. Some types of euonymus are shrubs, others are trees. They can be evergreen or deciduous. The most attractive feature of the plant, which is demonstrated in the photo, is the variety of autumn colors of the leaves, simultaneously combining red, yellow, white, orange, purple, and burgundy shades.
Euonymus in autumn
Vibrant fruits due to availability toxic substances cannot be eaten, but their unusual shape (pink lanterns with dangling earrings) is a wonderful garden decoration late autumn. During frosts and snow blizzards, birds wintering in our latitudes feast on the fruits. Euonymus is also valued as medicinal plant, and planting it next to apple trees allows you to fight one of the most dangerous pests these fruit trees- codling moth.
Blooming euonymus warty
The most widespread varieties of euonymus include the following:
- Euonymus Fortune- short evergreen shrub, brought from China by the English scientist R. Fortune. The height of this evergreen frost-resistant shrub does not exceed 50 cm. It has dark green leaves with a white or yellow border along the edges, as seen in the photo. The fruits of the plant are less bright compared to tall species, but quite impressive. In the climate middle zone this variety rarely blooms and bears fruit;
Euonymus Fortune
- Euonymus warty- deciduous shrub, common in the mountainous regions of Russia, Ukraine, central and south-eastern Europe. Differs in unpretentiousness, frost resistance, high decorative qualities. The bushes reach a height of 1.5 m, the branches have thickenings (warts), are characterized by slow growth, adding only 10-12 cm annually;
Euonymus warty
- European euonymus- often found in deciduous forests of central and southern regions Russia, grows in Western Europe, Asia Minor, and the Balkan Peninsula. Another name for this species is Bruslin's euonymus, in America it is a spindle-shaped tree. The plant reaches a height of 2 to 8 m and can withstand up to 15 degrees of frost;
European euonymus
- Japanese euonymus- a heat-loving variety from Japan that cannot withstand temperatures below 5 degrees. It can be grown in an apartment or a heated winter garden. The plant may have shiny green or variegated leaves; at home its height does not exceed 0.5 m. Some natural views Japanese euonymus grows in the form of a vine 5-7 m long;
Japanese euonymus
- Euonymus dwarf- a rare shade-tolerant species, reaching 1 m in height and preferring carbonate soils. The shrub is very decorative thanks to its fine-toothed leathery leaves and yellow-green fruits. When planted tightly in a row and regularly trimmed, it is well suited for creating a beautiful border. When grafted onto Japanese euonymus, you can obtain specimens with a weeping crown shape;
Euonymus dwarf
- Euonymus winged compactus- a shade-tolerant deciduous plant 1-2 m tall, brought from Far East. The branches have a rounded shape with edges formed by longitudinal growths, the dark red fruits are shaped like boxes, and with the arrival of autumn the leaves acquire a bright red color, giving the plants a special elegant look.
Euonymus winged compactus
Planting seedlings
When selecting a place for planting seedlings, it is necessary to take into account that the plant does not like stagnant water and does not grow well in acidic soils. For strongly growing varieties, a spacious place is required away from plantings and buildings. Planting dwarf species in large boxes or containers that allow water to pass through well will allow you to bring them into a bright, cool room with the onset of cold weather or winter garden maintaining the temperature within 5-10°C. Suitable for planting euonymus early spring or mid-autumn.
Euonymus seedling
Sequence of work:
- A hole is dug, the width and depth of which should be twice the size of the root system of the bush.
- At the bottom of the pit, drainage is created, consisting of sand, expanded clay or broken brick, then humus or mature compost is poured.
- The soil and nutrient layer are moistened, then the seedling is placed on the bottom and covered with soil, compacting the top layer.
- The surface of the earth is watered.
Advice. To ensure that moisture from the soil evaporates more slowly, the surface should be mulched with peat; instead, you can use crushed tree bark. From time to time, the mulch layer can be updated by adding peat. This will prevent the formation of a soil crust, which promotes increased evaporation of moisture, and will make it more difficult for weed seeds to enter and germinate.
Plant care
Euonymus, like most shrubs, requires regular pruning. In the spring, dried, damaged branches are cut off, the crown of the plant is formed; in the summer, pruning will allow you to level the border of bushes and give it the correct geometric shape. This shrub does not require frequent watering, therefore, in dry weather it can be watered rarely and moderately.
Pruning allows you to give the bush the desired shape
For good growth the soil around the plant is loosened several times a season; the application of fertilizers will also improve its development, ensuring sufficient supply to the roots nutrients. IN at a young age the bush needs to be covered for the winter to protect it from low temperatures, adult specimens are not afraid of frost.
Advice. The sap of the plant is poisonous, so when pruning it or other types of work that require contact with the plant, you need to protect your hands with durable gloves made of thick fabric.
Fertilizer and feeding of euonymus
So that the plant pleases you with a healthy look, beautiful leaves and bore fruit abundantly, it is fertilized twice a year. In the spring, during the formation of flower buds, manure diluted with water (1:10) is a good fertilizer; it can be replaced with bird droppings, reducing the concentration of the infusion by 2 times.
Apply fertilizer twice per season
During the flowering period you can add mineral fertilizers complex type containing microelements. You can increase the size of ripening fruits by adding small amounts of phosphate and potash fertilizers. If the soil is clayey, it is recommended to add a little sand and slaked lime in the fall before digging the tree trunks.
Shrub propagation
At seed propagation It is necessary to collect fruits at the beginning of cracking. After peeling the pulp and processing in a solution of potassium permanganate seeds planted in the ground, the embedment should be shallow (up to 2 cm). At spring planting they are first subjected to stratification - aging in a cool place (10-12°C) for 3 or 4 months. followed by placement in a refrigerator compartment at a temperature of 0 to 3°C for several months.
Euonymus seeds
Small plants dwarf varieties convenient to reproduce dividing the bush. In this case, new shoots with a small part of the root are separated. Having cut the branches to two-thirds of their length, you can plant the root shoots in the prepared place. Such a plant takes root easily and soon forms a strong bush, growing in width.
Green cuttings of euonymus
Euonymus can be propagated and cuttings. But they should be harvested from a plant no older than 5 years. Cutting begins at last days June or the first ten days of July. Each cutting should have one internode and a length of approximately 7 cm. Planting is done in a greenhouse with fertile soil, the cuttings are covered with sand a few centimeters deep. Rooting time is usually 1.5 months, after which they can be transplanted into an open garden bed.
Pests of euonymus and the diseases they cause
Euonymus can be affected by spider mites and aphids, this is accompanied by the appearance of silvery areas on the leaves, deformation and loss of part of the foliage. Treatment with a solution of colloidal sulfur in the spring and spraying in the summer will help prevent the disease. soap solution, insecticidal agent "Aktara" or its analogue.
The plant can also inhibit mealybugs and caterpillars codling moth, which, according to the observations of gardeners, prefer to eat euonymus leaves rather than those growing near fruit trees. To control pests, you can use herbal decoctions and special chemicals, which are produced by industry in a large assortment.
Leaves affected by euonymus scale
By devoting very little time and effort to growing euonymus, you can decorate the area with individual specimens of this shrub or create a hedge, delighting with its almost all year round attractive looking. This plant will protect the apple trees in the garden from damage by pests, increasing their yield.
Euonymus in the garden: video
Blooming euonymus: photo
European euonymus (lat. Euonymus europaeus)- a representative of the Euonymus genus of the Euonymus family. Another name is Bruslina. IN natural conditions grows in Norway, Sweden, Great Britain, Denmark, Ireland, Germany and others European countries, as well as in Turkey, the Caucasus and the European part of Russia. Natural places– oak and pine forests, groves, edges, shady ravines, coastal zones and wetlands.
Characteristics of culture
European euonymus is a deciduous shrub or tree up to 8 m high with tetrahedral or round gray-brown branches. Young shoots are green with brownish ribs. Buds are ovoid-conical, small sizes. The leaves are leathery, glabrous, dull, obovate, ovate-elliptic or oblong-ovate, serrated or serrated along the edges, wedge-shaped at the base, rounded at the apex, equipped with hooked teeth, up to 6.5 cm long.The flowers are medium-sized, collected in semi-umbrella inflorescences, have one underdeveloped flower, and sit on short stalks. Bracts subulate. The bracts are scale-like. The petals are green with a yellowish tint, spatulate-oblong, serrated, ciliated along the edge. The fruit is a smooth four-lobed capsule, depressed at the tip, pear-shaped or broadly pear-shaped at the base. Usually has a green-pinkish color. The seeds are whitish with a reddish roof, obovate. Blooms in April-June (depending on climate zone). The fruits ripen in July-October.
Growing conditions
European euonymus prefers semi-shaded areas. Growing along tall trees with an openwork crown is not prohibited. Plants thrive on slopes and other relief places in the landscape. Soils for European euonymus are preferably aerated, rich in minerals and organic substances, slightly alkaline, neutral or slightly acidic. Strongly acidic soils require preliminary liming. European euonymus does not accept waterlogged, heavy clay and poor soils. Cultivation on heavy soils only possible with good drainage.Subtleties of reproduction
European euonymus is propagated by seeds, green cuttings, dividing the bush and root suckers. The seed method is used extremely rarely, as it causes many difficulties in the process. Among gardeners, the most common method of propagation is by cuttings. The material is cut from young strong shoots in the summer (June-July). The optimal cutting length is 5-6 cm. Each cutting must have one internode; this condition cannot be neglected. For rooting, cuttings are planted in nutrient soil under the film, you can plant it in a greenhouse. European euonymus cuttings take root in about 35-40 days.If a decision has been made to propagate the crop by seeds, they must be subjected to stratification, which consists of two stages (the first is 3 months at a temperature of 10C, the second is 4 months at a temperature of 0C). Sow seeds in open ground. With the emergence of seedlings, thinning is carried out (if necessary), and careful care is also carried out, which includes regular watering, fertilizing with liquid mullein, loosening the rows and weeding. For the winter, young plants are covered with spruce branches, and the soil around them is mulched. organic material, for example, peat or humus.
Care
Caring for a crop is no different from caring for any other ornamental shrubs and trees. The main task is to ensure systematic moisture; under no circumstances should the soil be allowed to dry out. Stagnation of water will also negatively affect the development of plants, and may even lead to death. The amount of watering and frequency depend on the season, temperature and humidity. We should not forget about fertilizing. Three feedings per season will be enough.European euonymus is often affected by various pests, including hawthorn, apple moth, scale insects, spider mite, aphids and red flat mites. By the way, many gardeners have noticed: if you plant European euonymus close to an apple or pear tree, then pests will begin to nest on this ornamental shrub, A fruit crops will remain untouched. Thus, the European euonymus can be called a kind of protector. This is an undeniable advantage. And you can fight insects with the help of various insecticides and organic infusions (it all depends on the degree of infestation).
Pay attention! Some specimens reach an age of 50 years or more. In the Askania-Nova Biosphere Reserve (Ukraine), an euonymus grows with a crown diameter of 6 m, a height of 4 m, and the age of the record holder is 62 years.
Flowering period – April – June. Small greenish-white flowers reach 10–12 mm.
The fruit is a four-plate capsule of a rich purple hue. After the fruits ripen, small seeds remain on thin threads.
Highly decorative leaves and bright fruits in autumn period explains the popularity of shrubs () in landscape design. This variety of euonymus often placed along hedges, fences.
Species
Euonymus has several varieties:
- unique;
- - ideal for growing at home;
- unpretentious;
Photo
In the photo below you can appreciate appearance European euonymus:
Planting and care at home
European euonymus has taken root well in gardens and parks. Urban conditions with increased gas pollution are not scary for the plant.
Gardeners know that if the conditions are met blooms profusely, in the fall pleases with bright leaves. A beautiful openwork crown with or without numerous flower tassels is highly decorative.
Important! The only caveat is that for increased decorativeness, a sufficient area of open space is required.
Care after purchase
Bring seedlings home, place in a cool place: Let the roots rest slightly. Be sure to save some of the native soil in which the young bush previously grew. Make sure the ground is moist.
Trimming
The crown is formed early spring or at the end of fruiting. Euonymus responds to a haircut rapid growth young shoots.
The main shape of the crown is ellipsoidal or cone-shaped.
Gardeners often form a standard tree.
Important! Partial sanitary pruning is permissible during the growing season only for serious indications.
Carefully pinch the tops and remove weak shoots.
Watering
Euonymus prefers moderate soil moisture. With excessive watering, rotting of the roots was noted, poor growth. The plant is not bad tolerates dry periods.
Landing
Plant planted in the ground in spring, less commonly practiced autumn planting. Choose a sunny place: in the shade, bruslina feels worse, the leaves lose their decorative properties.
How to proceed:
- dig a hole so that the root collar is at ground level;
- the size of the depression in the ground is one and a half times larger than root system seedling;
- pour 10 cm of sand onto the bottom;
- add a mixture of peat, sand, turf soil (2:1:1);
- next layer – mineral fertilizers – 100 g plus slaked lime– 200 g. Optimal pH level – no more than 7.5;
- sprinkle the roots, tamp lightly, water moderately.
Pay attention! After planting, the first four days require daily watering in moderate amounts.
Many gardeners plant a spindle tree not far from fruit plants: pests move to the ornamental leaf plant, forgetting about the apple trees. Keep your distance, sufficient for the free formation of the crown of neighboring trees or shrubs.
Transfer
The time has come to transplant the strong young seedlings into open ground.
On permanent place euonymus transplanted for 3 years.
Choose a calm spring day when the soil is warm enough.
Planting rules are the same as for adult plants.
Growing
Euonymus requires sufficient light, soils with a neutral or slightly alkaline environment, regular aeration. Clay soil, except mineral and organic fertilizers, requires regular addition of sand.
Immediately after watering, sprinkle with peat mulch. trunk circle. Autumn and spring fertilize with mineral fertilizers once.
Important! The spindle tree does not tolerate salinity. Monitor the acidity of the soil, maintain a pH level of 6.6 to 7.5.
Reproduction
Main view – vegetative form:
- root suckers;
- dividing the bush;
- green cuttings.
Propagation by seeds requires more attention and patience. IN natural conditions Most of the seeds will germinate only in the second spring. Gardeners stratify seeds to speed up the germination process.
Stratification duration:
- first stage – 3–4 months at temperatures from +10 to +12 C;
- the second stage is 4–5 months, the temperature drops to 0…+3C.
Pay attention! Seeds are sown in a specially designated place. The ideal soil composition is turf, sand, humus, leaf soil (1: 1: 2: 4).
In cool weather (autumn and spring), a layer of peat mulch is required. In winter, be sure to cover young shoots spruce branches.
Temperature
decorative leaf plant loves warmth, but tolerates winter cold well.
Winter hardiness made it possible to plant bruslina in different regions of the European part of Russia.
Lighting
In the shadows decorativeness of leaves decreases, growth deteriorates bruslins.
Ideal place - open areas with sufficient access to sunlight.
Benefits and harms
The spindle tree is used:
- in landscape design, as a soil-protective plant;
- herbalists, herbalists;
- quality wood is needed for making organ pipes, for wood carving, engraving work;
- fatty oil is the basis for the production of high-quality natural soap;
- the bark accumulates a high percentage of rubber-like gutta-percha;
- seed roofing, decoction of capsules is used for making paint;
- loose charcoal from wood is used in inking pencils;
- the cake is sent to livestock feed.
Important! Bruslina does not harm neighboring trees and shrubs. One nuance - Carmine-red fruits are poisonous.
Useful video
Watch the video about personal experience growing European euonymus:
Now you know the features of caring for and growing European euonymus - an original plant with tall decorative properties. Add bright colors your garden, create festive mood on an autumn day!