Taxonomic affiliation: Legume family - Fabaceae.

Conservation status of the species: Vulnerable.

Scientific significance: Relict disjunctive species.

Range of the species and its distribution in Ukraine: Balkans, Wed. and Vost. (Southwest part) Europe. In Ukraine - sporadically in Transcarpathia, Right-bank and Left-bank Forest-steppe, also found in Sumy region. Adm. regions:? Sm, Zk, Vn, Chk, Kd, ​​Chr, Od.

Number and structure of populations: Populations are small, from small groups of individuals or rare plants (near Uzhgorod, Mount Plishka, near the city of Mukachevo, village of Stanovoe, Mukachevo district, Velikaya Ugolka urn, Tyachevsky district; Vinnitsa region: village of Lesnichye, Bershad district; Krasno -Greblyansky district, Malaya Kireevka village, “Kulinichey forest”, Bershad district, “Derenkivets” forest, Odessa region: Baitaly district, Ananievsky region: . Medvedevka of the Chigirinsky district; Kirovograd region: Chernolessky reserve of the Znamensky district; Kharkov region: the right bank of the Seversky Donets, near the village of Taranovka. forest dacha» Zmievsky district).

Reasons for the change in numbers: Weak competitive ability, insufficient natural restoration, predation by wild artiodactyls.

Growing conditions: Thermophilic, sunlit oak and beech forests (cl. Querco-Fagetea, Quercetea pubescentipetraeae) on well-warmed slopes, clearings, clearings, edges and among shrubs (cl. Rhamno-Prunetea). Xeromesophyte.

General biomorphological characteristics Hemicryptophyte. Perennial bluish, herbaceous plant with a developed caudex and taproot system. The stem is erect or ascending, simple or slightly branched, sparsely bristly-hairy or almost glabrous, 30-70 cm tall. Leaves are imparipinnate, 7-20 cm long; leaflets (7-15) elliptical, short-pointed, 1-4 cm long. Stipules are small, ovate. The inflorescences are umbellate, on axillary peduncles longer than the leaves, with 6-18 flowers. The flowers are pink or whitish-purple. The beans are linear or curved, 5-10-membered, with a thin bent nose, yellow or chestnut. Seeds are cylindrical, 3-4.5 mm long. It blooms in May-July, bears fruit in August-September. Propagated by seeds.

Population conservation regime and protection measures: Guarded at level. Bolshaya Uholka (Carpathian Biosphere Reserve), Chernolessky Nature Reserve (Kirovograd region) and NPP “Gomolshanskaya Forest Dacha”. Clarification of the modern distribution of the species, mapping of populations. It is prohibited to collect, stockpile plants, or violate growing conditions.

Reproduction and breeding in specially created conditions: No information.

Economic and commercial significance: Feed.

Elm - many consider it a weed, however, Elm is an unpretentious ground cover, indispensable in securing and decorating steep hillsides and cliffs.

Vyazel(other names mouse peas, field peas, hare clover) – unpretentious ground cover plant legume family. Due to its aggressiveness, ability to rapid reproduction, self-seeding and naturalization varietal plants Elm is considered a weed, especially in the southern regions.

However, despite this, knitting tree - unique plant for securing steep slopes and cliffs. And besides this, kibble, like all legumes, helps enrich the soil with nitrogen. And finally, another argument in favor of this ground cover is its unpretentiousness and long-lasting (throughout the summer from June to September) flowering in white, yellow or various shades pink flowers. Elm is also a good honey plant.

Vyazel in landscape design

Variegated kibble (multi-colored)

The most commonly found knitting plant on sale is variegated (or multi-colored). This is a perennial plant about 40 cm tall with creeping rhizomes and branching stems about a meter long. The leaves are about 10 cm long and consist of several pairs of oblong leaflets. Boat flowers of white or various shades of pink are collected in hemispherical umbrellas of inflorescences. After flowering, fruits are formed - pods about 4-5 cm long.

Vyazel. Growing

Vyazel - unpretentious plant, will grow well even on barren, acidic and rocky soils. Prefers a sunny location, but can grow in light shade. Drought resistant. Maintenance consists of annual pruning early spring. Propagated by division and seeds.

Variegated or multi-colored Elm - Coronilla varia L. = Securigera varia (L.) Lassen

Name: comes from lat. сorona – crown, based on the similarity of the inflorescence to a wreath. Knitting tree got its name from the strong shoots that spread along the ground, climbing to a small height with the help of tendrils - from “knit”. Among folk names mouse pods, field peas, hazel grouse.

Description: This plant is listed as an invasive weed by the Southeast Exotic Pest Plant Council. (1996) and Hoffman, R. & K. Kearns, Eds. (1997). However, it is offered as an ornamental ground cover in some catalogs. Quite a wild look that people either love or hate. Haters focus on its aggressive spread and tendency towards naturalization. Those who love elm tree admire its ability to stabilize steep slopes, its unpretentiousness, the ability to enrich the soil with nitrogen with the help of bacteria living on its roots and its beautiful pink and white flowers. Since the bacteria living on the roots of the plant extract nitrogen from the air (in the soil), the plant requires little fertilizer and is ideal for use on sandy soils, which are not capable of retaining nitrogen as well as organic ones.

Grows in Europe, Asia and Africa. A plant with a wide ecological range, it grows on barren, acidic, rocky soils. Growing zone: 4-9.

Perennial up to 40 cm tall, forming large, elegant thickets. The rhizome is creeping, branched. The stems are recumbent or erect, hollow inside, smooth, occasionally slightly pubescent, branching from the base up to 100 cm long. The leaves are alternate, odd-pinnate, oval up to 10 cm long, beautifully textured, consisting of 5 – 12 pairs of oblong emerald green leaves 2 cm long, 1 cm wide. Stipules lanceolate, free. Flowers on long stalks, collected in hemispherical umbrellas, similar to a crown, which have the usual boat shape for legumes, white-pink or white in contrast to the foliage. Blooms all summer. The fruit consists of slender pods that are interesting but contribute little to decorative effect plants. The bean is flattened, 4-sided, linear, 4-5 cm long. It spreads very quickly, often self-seeding.

Varieties:
"Emerald" has richer green leaves and pinkish-white flowers.
"Penngift" - introduced by the Pennsylvania Highway Department, characterized by vigorous growth.

Location: preferably a sunny place, light partial shade is acceptable. Drought-resistant plant. It is best to give the elm a place on a steep hill that is dangerous to mow or sandy place, requiring an inexpensive, fast-growing, drought-tolerant ground cover. IN southern regions is nasty weed.

Soil: Although Elm plant can grow in almost any type of well-drained soil, it prefers acidic to neutral soil.

Care: It is not affected by diseases or pests and requires only annual pruning at the end of winter to prevent the accumulation of dry stems, which can become a fire hazard during periods of drought.

Reproduction: seeds and division. You can divide throughout the season. Seeds do not require pre-treatment, but scarification is desirable. They are usually sold with a package of nitrogen-producing bacterial spores.

Vyazel is a rare but dear guest

I spent my entire childhood and youth in the village and knew many plants. Then he studied botany for a long time, was engaged in amateur herbalism, and then professionally, so it surprised me rare plant quite difficult. But it turned out that for the first time I was introduced to the wonderful healing herb knitted by a village healer who called it “wonderful” clover.

Even with a quick inspection, it became clear that the comparison with clover has a basis; the inflorescences are especially similar. Looking ahead, I will say that the mentioned healer used this “wonderful” clover for “weakness” of the heart. Elm tree cannot be called a frequent guest of grass stands, especially in the central regions of Russia, but what a guest it is!
or motley ( Coronilla varia) - belongs to the legume family. This is a perennial rhizomatous herbaceous plant with a hollow branched stem. The leaves are compound, odd-pinnate, with elliptical leaflets and lanceolate stipules. The flowers are small, moth-type, white-pink and white, very fragrant, collected in simple spherical umbrellas. The flower head is on a long stalk. The fruits are linear beans, disintegrating into segments. The height of the plant is 60-80 cm. Our healer called it “wonderful” clover because, despite the fact that the elm is in many ways similar to red clover, its flower head is not red, but pale pink, and the peduncle is quite large, and the leaves vaguely resembled clover. To a traditional healer and little did I know that this plant belonged to a separate species.
Distributed knitting tree in the middle and southern zone of the European part of Russia, the Caucasus and Western Siberia. Favorite habitat - steppe meadows, slopes, hills, forest edges, shrubs. I most often encountered Elm along roads and in crops as a weed. In action, that is, with therapeutic purpose, all goes aboveground part(stem, leaves, flowers). The grass is harvested during flowering, in May-August (this is how long it blooms), and the seeds - in June-August. Since this plant is little known, it is clear that chemical composition it has not been studied enough. However, it has been established that the herb contains the poisonous glycoside coronillin, which makes the entire plant poisonous, and this is a serious warning in use - caution and caution again. The glycoside coronillin is highly soluble in water and alcohol, so knitting can be used in the form of aqueous extracts (infusion), as well as in the form of tincture (alcohol extraction).
The main application of knitting is cardiac, namely cardiac stimulating. At the same time, it should be borne in mind that the seeds of the plant are more pharmacologically active and the nature of their action resembles that of foxglove.
People have long noticed the cardiac stimulating effect of knitting. After taking infusions of vyazel, heart patients feel an improvement in their general condition and a decrease in the feeling of discomfort in the heart area. Sometimes they noted the elimination of “stabbing” in the heart and a decrease in pulse. Vyazel infusions are especially indicated in cases of cardiac edema, which relieves shortness of breath and increases urination. The beneficial effect of knitting herb on cardiac arrhythmia was also noted, especially in combination with hawthorn fruits. In villages, knitting infusions are also used for swelling of joints, especially ankles and knees. The ability to have a healing effect on blood vessels allows the use of knitting for atherosclerosis, but in this case it is good to use as a supplement not the fruits of the hawthorn, but its flowers. Most often, knitting is used in the form of infusions, for which 2 teaspoons of dry crushed herbs are brewed in 1 glass of boiling water, left for 20 minutes, filtered and drunk 50 ml 3 times a day after meals for 2-3 weeks.
You can also use knitting tincture. To prepare it, you need to take the herb with vodka in a ratio of 1:15, which means that for 10 g of raw material you will need 150 ml of vodka, leave for 2 weeks and take 25-40 drops 3 times a day.
Since knitting seeds more biologically active than other parts of the plant, it is advisable to prepare a tincture based on them. Take whole heads of ripened seeds, pour them into a vessel loosely, that is, without compacting, and fill with vodka so that its level is a finger higher. Infuse for 2 weeks, take 1 teaspoon 3 times a day after meals.
When treating atherosclerosis, mix tincture of hawthorn flowers and tincture of knitting herb and take 1 teaspoon 3 times a day 40 minutes after meals.
To activate cardiac activity and eliminate arrhythmia, it is advisable to use the herb in combination with hawthorn fruits. To prepare the infusion, you should take equal amounts of both components by volume and brew 2 tbsp. spoons in 0.5 liters of boiling water, leave for 20 minutes and drink 50 ml in the morning and evening.
Some herbalists claim, and not without reason (for they received positive results) that knitting elm can improve cerebral circulation. At the same time, it is considered advisable to use it not separately, but in combination with licorice-leaved stork. The above components should be taken equally and brewed with boiling water at the rate of 1 tbsp. spoon of the mixture in 0.5 liters of water, leave for 15 minutes and drink 50 ml 3 times a day before meals.
Currently, the ability of meadowsweet flowers to improve cerebral circulation has been proven, and even better than overseas, therefore, meadowsweet combines well with knitting in the treatment of these disorders. To use this composition you need to brew 1 tbsp. spoon of raw materials 0.5 liters of boiling water, leave for 20 minutes and take 2 tbsp orally. spoons 4-5 times a day before meals. It should be admitted that there is not enough application experience in this matter, but one thing is clear: knitting has great prospects.

Viktor Kosterov, apiphytotherapist, candidate of biological sciences (Moscow region)

Based on materials from the magazine " Healthy image life" No. 04 for 2008

Hello, dear guests and readers of the medical blog “”. Today, in the “Herbal Treatment” section, a new article has appeared on the medicinal properties and use of knitting ligature in folk medicine.

Elm|Caronilla varia L.|Facebean family

• Variegated or multi-colored kibble is a perennial rhizomatous herbaceous plant with a hollow, branched stem. Imparifolia, compound leaves with elliptical leaflets and lanceolate stipules. Small moth-type flowers are white or white-pink, very fragrant and collected in spherical simple umbrellas.
• It is characteristic of knitting that the flower heads are placed on a relatively thin but long peduncle. Plant height is from 50 to 70 centimeters. At first glance, elm is easy to confuse with meadow clover, although there are differences. The knitted flower head is pale pink rather than red; Moreover, the peduncle is much thinner and longer than that of clover.
• The most amazing thing is that the leaves of the knitted plant are very similar to the leaves of valerian officinalis. Many village herbalists-healers claim that this is meadow clover, it is so “wonderful” that it has been pollinated, thereby changing its color, although this “wonderful” plant belongs to a different species. This is the judgment about knitting.
• Elm is widely distributed in the southern and middle lane The European part of Russia, Western Siberia and the Caucasus, as well as in many CIS countries. Its favorite habitat is hills, slopes, steppe meadows, forest edges, that is, it prefers the most illuminated places.

Vyazel: medicinal properties and use in folk medicine

• For medicinal purposes, the entire above-ground part of the knitting plant is used, but it would be more advisable to use flowers and leaves, which contain more active substances. The plant should be harvested in May-August during flowering. Pay attention to how long the elm tree blooms - this is its feature.
• Despite the fact that the biochemical composition of knitted plant has not been sufficiently studied, it has been reliably established that it contains the easily soluble glycoside coronilin, which has a beneficial effect on cardiovascular activity.
• Attention: the glycoside coronilin contained in knitting has a weak poisonous property Therefore, it is important to observe single and daily doses of preparations made from this medicinal herb.
• The plant is used in the form of decoctions and tinctures (water extracts), tinctures (alcohol extracts). The therapeutic effect of these drugs is multifaceted, but the most pronounced is the cardiac effect, or more precisely the cardiac stimulating effect. As for knitting seeds, they are more active and pharmacological properties resemble foxglove.
• It should be noted that due to the difficulty of harvesting, plant seeds are rarely used. Experiments carried out traditional medicine, showed that after taking infusions and decoctions of vyazel, the general condition of patients with cardiovascular diseases improves, the feeling of discomfort decreases and the pulse slows down.
• Infusions of the plant are especially indicated for heart patients with edema, which increases urination and relieves attacks of cardiac suffocation. Heart rhythms are aligned, sometimes curing arrhythmia completely. The antiarrhythmic effect of knitting will be much more effective if it is combined with hawthorn and its flowers.
• In many villages in Russia, since ancient times and today, healers use water extracts of the herb to treat swelling of the joints, especially the knees and ankles. And also for treatment of atherosclerosis due to its beneficial effect on blood vessels. This is much more effective after treatment with tincture.

Vyazel: traditional medicine recipes

• Brew two teaspoons of chopped herbs in a glass of boiling water and leave for twenty minutes. Strain and take 70 ml three times a day. infusion after meals.
• Prepare a tincture of vyazel with high-quality vodka in a ratio of 1:10. The preparation technique is as follows: place whole flower heads with ripened seeds loosely, without compacting, in a plastic bottle, fill with vodka, but so that its level is a finger higher than the heads themselves. Leave for 21 days and strain. You will take 20 drops three times a day, half an hour after meals.
• Good results in the treatment of cardiac activity and atherosclerosis were demonstrated by the combination of knittingweed with licorice and mountain arnica. We take all three components equally, brew half a liter of boiling water, two tablespoons of the mixture and leave for 20 minutes. Strain and consume ¼ cup of infusion after meals three times a day.
• The combination of vyazel with meadowsweet can improve much better than overseas ginkgo biloba. We take equal parts of herb flowers and brew one tablespoon with a top of 300 ml. boiling water, leave for 20 minutes and filter. You need to drink ¼ glass of infusion after meals 3 times. per day.
• Attention: when taking vyazel preparations, its sedative effect is noted (it was not without reason that it was indicated above that its leaves are similar to valerian leaves). Therefore, do not be surprised if you feel close to sleepy. This is quite normal - treatment is on the right track.

Be healthy, and may the Lord God help you in this!!!