No matter how far we are from camp life, each of us, at least once, has had to deal with making a fire. And if you go fishing, hunting or hiking, then you just need to remember the basic rules for making a fire and their types, this will be especially useful in bad weather. There are various types fires, depending on their purpose and the method of laying branches and logs.
1. "Hut"
This type of fire is the most common; it is most often used on camping trips for quick kindling and cooking in one container. You can quickly boil water for tea, since the flames of this type of fire are hot and concentrated in one place. For such a fire, the logs are laid obliquely towards the center, the firewood burns quickly in the upper part of the fire and the main coals are collected in the center.
2. "Well"
But if you need to secure several containers over a fire at the same time, then the best type of fire is a “well”; it is most often used for cooking. To build it, you need to lay two long logs parallel to each other, but at a short distance, lay 2 more logs on top, across the bottom ones, and in this sequence we continue to stack the firewood to the height we need. With this arrangement of firewood, there is excellent access of oxygen to the fire and the fire burns evenly along the entire length of the logs. This way you can cook several dishes at the same time.
3. "Taiga"
Another type is the “taiga” fire. It is constructed from thick long logs in two rows, in each row we place 2-3 logs, both of these rows should intersect under small angle. The intersection of two rows should be above the coals, that is, it should be directly at the main place of combustion. The first row is laid close to each other, directly on the coals, and the second row on top, at an angle. Combustion occurs along the entire length of the logs, but the hottest and most intense combustion occurs at the intersection of the logs. Mutual heating and strong combustion are achieved due to vertical draft. This fire provides a lot of heat and burns for a long time.
4. “Three logs” or “nodya”
This type of fire consists of three large and long logs. The length of the logs should be at least two, two and a half meters, so it will take a little more strength to build such a fire. But your efforts will give you the opportunity not to add firewood all night, and the fire will provide enough heat and burn until the morning. To kindle such a fire you will need coals, which can be obtained from a simpler fire, the coals should be poured under the entire length of the log, in a compact strip, and brushwood or spruce paws should be poured on top, as soon as the small branches flare up well, then on both sides, at a short distance put 2 prepared logs into the fire. In order for the logs to quickly flare up, you need to make notches on them with an ax, as if you were trimming a log, then roll them into the fire with the notches inward, so they will quickly flare up. As soon as these two logs are occupied, you need to put a third log on top, with the same notches, with which you need to put the log towards the fire. If the diameter of the logs is at least 35 centimeters, then they can burn all night. Such a fire will help you even on very cold winter days.
5. "Fireplace"
Most often, this type of fire is used as a night fire to heat your camp during the cold season. Such a fire burns for a long time, the upper logs, as the lower logs burn, roll into the fire. A fireplace “fireplace” of four short logs is laid in the form of a well, and a wall is built on one of its sides. For the wall, 2 stakes are driven in, inclined outward, and logs are stacked on top of them. They keep the fire going all night, because as the lower logs burn, they roll down, and the fire itself is built inside the well.
6. "Polynesian"
Most likely, this species received such an exotic name from the fact that it is most often used in rainy, damp weather, that is, in a fairly humid climate. To build it, you will need a pit in the form of a cone, tapering towards the bottom; the depth of such a pit reaches one meter. Its walls are lined with logs and a fire is lit at the very bottom; it is this type that produces a lot of coals and is convenient not only in rainy weather, but also during strong winds.
7. "Star" or "stellar"
Logs are laid out on the coals lengthwise, from the center, along the radius of the fire. This fire is very economical, but requires constant supervision, since the main fire burns in the center, and as the logs burn, they need to be moved from the circle to the center of the fire. This type is convenient for maintaining a fire and slow burning. In place of the dying logs, close to the old ones, you can put new ones so that their edges have time to flare up. This type of fire is convenient when there is a small amount of firewood.
8. "Cannon"
A thick log is placed right next to the prepared coals, and several logs are placed on it with only one end, then the coals are directly under them and the logs flare up well and burn for a long time. As the logs burn, you can add new ones, resting them on a thick log. The fire holds heat well and burns long enough.
9. "Pyramid"
Another type of fire that can be used as a night fire is a “pyramid”. To do this, you need to lay two thick logs parallel to each other, and several more of the same logs across, so we will build the base of the fire. Now place smaller logs in the same sequence on top, and then even smaller logs, until there are very small twigs on top that can be used for kindling. Once the fire is lit, you can safely spend the night by the fire without adding more wood.
10. "Wigwam"
This type of fire is universal, you can cook food on it and it retains heat perfectly. It’s not at all difficult to do - we strengthen an inclined branch above the kindling, to which we attach, also inclined, other logs and branches, tightly to each other, and on the windy side we leave a hole for oxygen access. When lighting the kindling, stand on the windy side, with your back to the wind. This type of fire is hot and great for cooking and drying things near it.
To summarize, we can say that all types of fires only temporarily look like in the pictures, and then turn into a pile of coals. By adjusting your fire, you can independently find new look stacking logs. And all fires do not have to be built from solid logs; depending on the situation, you can use split logs for all types of fires. The main thing is that your hikes are successful, your nights are warm, and communication with nature brings you joy!
There are many types of fires, and we need them, like the fire itself, in the forest for various purposes - for cooking, heating, lighting in the dark and scaring away wild animals. Let's look at the main types of fires and talk about how to light them.
It is important to light a fire with care to prevent the possibility of a fire. It’s best to use the previous fire pit. Make sure there are no stumps, dry grass, leaves, or bush branches nearby. Clear the area thoroughly. Do not leave the fire, but carefully extinguish it. To do this, pour a bucket of water over the fire and cover it with earth.
Bonfire - hut
You will need: kindling, tree branches, matches or other ignition material.
This known species fire. Small branches are placed in the shape of the hut, and kindling is placed in the center. As it burns, larger branches are added.
This type of fire is good for cooking, heating and lighting. The downside is that it requires constant addition of fuel.
For kindling, birch bark is suitable - the “paper” bark of a birch tree, which is spaced from the trunk. It happens both on standing wood and on fallen wood. If there is none, then bark that fits tightly to the birch trunk will do. In this case, in order not to injure the tree or expose the trunk, remove only top layer birch bark To do this, a longitudinal cut is made, and half of the birch bark is easily removed. Also suitable for kindling are spruce bark with resin, dry grass, small twigs, moss, etc.
Bonfire star
You will need: an axe, kindling, up to 10 long logs, matches or other means for lighting.
Such a fire does not burn intensely, but is economical and does not require frequent addition of new branches. It requires up to 10 long logs. The logs are laid in the form of an asterisk, so that they diverge from one point in a circle. The center of the star is set on fire, and as it burns, the logs are moved towards the center.
Bonfire well
You will need: axe, kindling, logs, matches or other kindling material.
The logs are stacked in a log house. We put kindling - wood chips, twigs, dry grass, chopped small firewood - inside the log house and set it on fire. After some time, the logs themselves are engaged.
In such a fire, the logs burn slowly and will create a lot of embers, releasing high temperatures. It is suitable for cooking, heating and lighting.
The advantage of this fire is good circulation air and oxygen access to burning wood.
Log fire - Finnish candle
You will need: saw, axe, log, kindling, matches or other kindling device.
Another easy way lighting a fire, which will also allow you to easily cook food. Take a log, 15-35 cm in diameter, or saw off part of the log. It is important that the log is cut from the log clearly vertically, so that it can stand securely on its base, and there will be a horizontal surface, on which a saucepan or kettle is placed.
Chop the log with an ax or saw into four to six pieces. Gather the pieces back into the log so that they stand vertically, but slightly apart, about two centimeters. In the resulting space, place kindling - twigs, dry grass and birch bark. Place twigs and wood chips horizontally, in different directions in the space between the pieces of the log, and then set fire to this resulting filler. The kindling will burn out, and then the firewood itself will take over. You will get a reliable, upward-pointing flame. Since the logs stand vertically and are collected together, a high temperature. Adjust the temperature by moving the logs apart and moving them apart. And since there is space between the firewood, this promotes air circulation, as a result of which the flame does not go out. Place a pot or frying pan on top of this firewood for cooking, or place a kettle and boil water.
U this method there are variations. Instead of splitting the log into pieces, you can make cuts to the middle of the log. Another option is to use several whole logs instead of parts of one log; this will increase the operating time of the Finnish candle.
Bonfire Pyramid
You will need: an axe, kindling, logs of various sizes, matches or other means for ignition.
This is a slow but long-burning fire. It is useless when the logs are damp, since they are stacked tightly and there is very little air circulation. However, in dry weather, this is an excellent type of fire, allowing you to practically not worry about maintaining it.
The fire pyramid consists of several layers. At the bottom there are two large logs laid parallel. Several logs of smaller diameter are placed on them, in a continuous layer across the bottom two logs. The third layer is even thinner logs and the same across the second layer, and then we continue in the same spirit up to 8-10 layers. Kindling is placed on top, which is set on fire.
Bonfire Dakota
You will need: a shovel, kindling, firewood, matches or other means of ignition.
It is done in the ground. A hole is dug 30-50 cm deep and 30 cm in diameter. After the cylindrical hole has been dug, step back 10 cm from the top and expand the bottom of the hole so that the hole takes the shape of a light bulb. And then, stepping back 30 centimeters from the dug hole, dig another hole with a tunnel to the first one. Dig the second hole in relation to the wind: if the wind blows from the left, then dig a hole to the left of the first, if the wind blows from the right, then dig a hole to the right. This is needed for traction. Next, we put kindling in the first hole and set it on fire, and then gradually add larger branches and logs.
This type of fire is suitable for windy areas where it is difficult to light a fire on the surface. Such a fire does not smoke and is hardly noticeable, therefore, if you want to hide your presence, it is better to place the fuel no higher than the edges of the pit, otherwise the fire will smoke. At night, this fire is also not noticeable, since the flames are mainly concentrated below the surface of the earth.
On a Dakota fire you can boil water quite quickly or cook food in a pot. It is convenient to regulate the draft of this fire by opening and closing the second pit.
Bonfire in the winter forest – Nodya
You will need: an axe, kindling or coals from another fire, two logs same size- 2-3 m in length, two poles - 4-5 meters in length, two twigs-hooks, matches or other means for lighting.
This is actually not even a fire, but a smoldering powerful source of heat. It is reliable, long lasting, warm and discreet as it does not burn brightly. This good way making a fire in the snowy winter. Nodya heats for a very long time, but it is better to take into account that it is designed to heat only one person.
The node looks like two logs 2-3 m long, laid on top of each other horizontally, with a wall with a small gap of 2-2.5 cm. To prevent the top log from rolling off, a special one is made suspension system from two poles and two hook branches.
For nodes, it is better to take standing wood, as it is important that it be dry. Two large logs of equal length are required. You also need 4-5 meter poles with a fork at the end. It is important that the poles are elastic. We insert them into the snow or under a tree trunk at an angle to the top log. You also need two hook branches.
We hang the top log. We make a split from the top of the edge of the log with a strong blow and hammer the hanger hook into the cut. We do the same on the other side. We take a log and hang it on poles by the hangers. The poles should rest against the hooks. To do this, you can support the poles from below with logs, branches, etc. The poles hold the top log, preventing it from rolling down during the burning process.
There are two ways to light a node.
- Wedges are driven into the side of the lower log, on which the pole is placed. It turns out to be a shelf on which coals from a regular daytime fire are placed. And the node flares up from these coals.
- Second way. We need to stuff kindling between the logs. To do this, initially create a gap between the logs using support sticks. Having stuffed the kindling, we set it on fire, the knot flares up, and we remove the supports.
Nodya should burn along the entire length of the logs, this is very important. If you do not use the ends of the logs, the middle will burn out, the gap between the logs will increase and the node will go out. If it smolders throughout the log, it will work for up to 15 hours.
Important! You won't be able to install the node the first time! In order to start winter sleepovers with Nadia, you will need a lot of training setups first.
Fire in a wet forest
You will need: axe, knife, logs, branches different diameters, matches or other source of fire, tarpaulin or awning.
To light a fire in a wet forest, you will need to get dry wood chips. How to do this?
Wet twigs are not suitable for this. Take a thick log, split it into pieces and plan dry shavings from the core, which will turn out to be dry. You can chop the lower branches from trees, and, cutting down the damp top wood, you will reach the dry center. Thin, dead spruce trees are also suitable, and for the fire you need fragments of trunks coated with resin, because It protects the wood from moisture penetration, and it is also possible to plan dry chips from this wood.
The process of collecting shavings and wood chips is long – an hour or even two. However, if you have a lot of fine wood shavings, the fire will burn quickly and easily. During rain or snow, to prevent the shavings from getting wet, cover yourself and the shavings with a piece of polyethylene or tarpaulin, or collect the shavings under an awning.
When there are a lot of shavings, melt them and place small wet sticks around them - vertically, in the form of a hut. As they dry, they will start to burn. Next, install larger sticks, etc.
To keep the fire burning, collect spruce bark with resin, as well as birch bark, which contains flammable tar.
Gas burners instead of a fire for cooking
You will need: gas burner and a balloon.
Gas burner- an excellent source of fire for cooking; with its help you can easily and quickly heat up a kettle or cook food for 1-3 people. You don't have to waste time making a fire, getting coals, and putting out the fire after cooking.
Also, by using a burner, you do not harm nature. Fires leave burnt circles for several years; a burner allows you to avoid this.
The disadvantage of a burner compared to a fire is that it weighs a lot, and you have to carry the cylinders on yourself. Also with low temperatures and in the mountains the burners do not work well. But the rest is good source fire. Especially if you go to nature reserves where fires are not allowed. Also, a gas burner is a good option for a fire source in a wet forest, where it is difficult to organize a fire, and you don’t want to spend hours preparing coals.
A fire built in the forest is almost one of the most important conditions survival. You keep warm with a fire, dry your clothes, and cook food on a fire. How cozy and warm it feels when you light a fire in cold, stormy weather. It is not without reason that people have worshiped fire since ancient times. There are several types of fires, each of which has its own advantages.
Bonfire Hut is one of the most famous and widespread types of fire. Suitable for both cooking and heating. It is very easy to use and equipment, and flares up quickly. It is necessary to place firewood at an angle on the kindling in the form of a hut. The burning temperature of a Hut type fire is quite high, and such a fire burns out quickly, so it is necessary to frequently add firewood.
The Star Fire burns for a long time and is suitable for cooking. It is advisable to use firewood made from hardwood. As the wood burns, it is moved to the center of the fire. This type of fire can be used for heating at night.
Bonfire Well (Hut) - has an even flame, very good for cooking. It burns out pretty quickly. The fire is built in the form of a log house.
Nodya bonfire - great for heating at night, has long burning. There are several ways to lay a Nodya fire. The first method is to take three dead logs 30 cm thick and 2-3 m long. Two logs on one side are trimmed and laid parallel to each other. C external parties they are supported by driven pegs. A fire is made between them using coals or thin twigs. And then the third log is laid on top. The second method is to drive in 4 pegs, and between them lay thick logs one on top of the other. You can alternate dry logs with wet ones, so they will dry out and gradually flare up
Polynesian Bonfire (Pit) - provides a lot of coals, invisible, does not require large quantity firewood To make such a fire, you need to dig a hole, which you can preferably line with stones. If such a fire is lit under the crown of a tree, then it will also not be visible from above. For better access of oxygen to the pit, it is necessary to dig a small trench, so the fire will burn better and smoke less
Bonfire Lattice - two logs are placed at the base, on top of which smaller logs are placed in the form of a lattice. The fire will gradually go down. This type of fire can be used for cooking and as a night fire.
Campfire with reflector - can be used for night heating due to reflected heat. It is especially effective to use such a fire to heat a lean-to hut.
Safe night fire - designed for night heating and preventing burning logs from falling out of the fire. The firewood is stacked tightly, so it will burn longer, and pressed on top with two heavy logs so that the firewood does not roll out of the fire.
Bonfire Trench - used in windy weather for cooking. It is necessary to dig a trench of sufficient depth to make a fire in it, in width slightly less than the width of the koteok
What could be more interesting than sitting around a fire? Fire is one of those phenomena that you can watch forever. However, it is worth noting that the life of humanity is simply unthinkable without it. The ability to make a fire has saved the lives of more than one traveler or tourist. In our article we want to provide an overview of the types of fires and methods of making a fire.
Types of fires
Experts know different types bonfires However, not all of them are used in practice. Some are difficult to breed and are therefore only good for sport. In practice, tourists and travelers use universal species fires that are convenient for use in any situation. And yet, an experienced person always knows what choice to make. After all, he knows the main types of fires and their purpose, so he can act depending on the situation.
In general, it is worth noting that each fire is intended for specific purposes: lighting, heating, cooking. Although it is safe to say that most of them are universal, multifunctional in nature, allowing you to solve several problems. Therefore, when deciding what type of fire to use, you need to proceed from what kind of firewood is available, as well as what tools are available with which you can get the necessary material.
Let's assume that you have set up a camp in the tundra, crooked forest or deciduous forest, but you do not have a saw or ax at hand. In this case, it is unlikely that you should try to rekindle taiga fire called Nodya. You will simply waste valuable time and achieve nothing.
Well
According to experts, it is worth paying attention to eight main types of fires. They are worthy of the attention of any tourist. Knowing how to breed them, you will never go hungry or freeze.
The most convenient and popular type of fire is a log house, or it is also called a well. There are two ways to start a fire this way. In the first case, the firewood is laid out in the form of a well, which is why the name came about, and then kindling is arranged in the center.
The second option involves covering the lit kindling with firewood or brushwood in the form of a log hut. Such a fire produces a wide and low flame, which can be called ideal for cooking in a large container. You can also dry clothes and other things by such a fire. The good thing about the well is that the logs inside it burn slowly, and a lot of coals are produced, because it is thanks to them that the high temperature is maintained for high-quality and instant cooking food. But such a fire is not suitable for heating a camp, since it produces a very directed flame.
"Shalash"
Of all the types of fires, the “hut” is the most famous among ordinary people.
It is often used as an igniter, after which a “well” is formed on its basis. How to light a fire (types of fires are given in the article)? It is necessary to fold the prepared firewood in the form of a hut, place kindling inside it and set it on fire. Experts recommend forming the first row from thin twigs, and when they light up, you can add larger logs. This makes it possible to avoid fire extinction.
If you immediately form a hut from thick branches, the kindling may go out much earlier than the firewood is used. Such a fire gives bright fire, so it is good for lighting, heating, drying things and, of course, for cooking. The disadvantage of this type can be considered the rapid combustion of firewood. Such fires are often made in summer camps for children, as they perfectly illuminate the space.
However, the “hut” is not very convenient for heating a parking lot at night, since the logs quickly burn out, so someone will have to constantly add them. But you get a big and bright flame. Most people use these types of fires; their purpose is so universal that they are suitable for different situations.
Nodya
Nodya is best option fire, used for spending the night in the forest during the cold season. In order to start a fire, you will need dry logs two to three meters long, the width of which is at least 25 centimeters in diameter. There are several options for a node: two or three logs. A fire using three logs burns much longer, and it’s much easier to make.
In order to light a fire, logs are hewn along the entire length on one side only. Two of them are placed side by side, and a highly flammable base is placed between them. After this, a third log is laid on top so that the hewn surfaces are turned towards each other. Such a fire burns quite slowly, but it will burn throughout the night, and there will be no need to regulate it. Although, if necessary, by moving the logs apart and moving, you can adjust its intensity.
If a knot is formed from only two logs, then to prevent them from falling, a pair of pegs are hammered on both sides. By the way, on a node of three logs, you can cook until the third log is on top, or you can simply move it a little to the side.
Taiga fire
A taiga fire is formed on the basis of an already burning hearth. Sometimes they light it on their own. For a fire, all the logs are laid parallel to each other, pressing them tightly together. In this case, people receive a lot of heat and very little smoke. A fire is incredibly good for heating, but at the same time you can also cook on it, and it is possible to place several boilers at the same time. By the way, several more options for starting a fire are called taiga. All of them are designed for heating.
Taiga cannon
To form such a fire, logs are placed with one side on a perpendicular log. Thanks to this trick, air enters from below, which makes the combustion more intense.
Tunguska fire
In order to light a Tunguska fire, you need to take five or six poles, the length of which is about three meters. But the log should be up to 30 centimeters in diameter and about a meter long. Kindling must be placed between the poles and the log, which should ignite the entire fire.
As wood burns, coals are formed. Their heat reflects off the log, resulting in directed heat. As the thin poles burn, they need to be moved. This type of fire is suitable for a bivouac. But it gives heat only on one side, where the laying is prepared.
Finnish candle
In order to make a “Finnish candle” fire, you need to take a log of wood up to 60 centimeters long. You need to make two cross-shaped cuts in it, reaching the middle of the log. Next, a small fire is lit in the center, which, as it burns deeper, causes the deep layers of wood to burn. The combustion process is fueled by oxygen, which enters through the cuts.
These fires are intended for cooking. Outwardly, it resembles a wooden primus stove. The fire burns for a very long time, moreover, it can be used several times by extinguishing the fire, and then refilling the burnt-out hollow with coals. Finnish candle good for cooking, it does not leave coals and fires, and when burning it can be moved from one place to another. But such a fire does not provide heat.
Lazy candle
The lazy candle is a variation on the Finnish candle theme. They call it lazy because there is no need to make cuts in it. For the fire you will need three logs, on which notches are made on one side. Then they are placed vertically and compressed tightly. In general, the fire looks like a vertical node.
It lights up from the top. It is convenient to cook on such a fire, but it cannot be reused. The advantages of the method include a large amount of light and heat.
Instead of an afterword
The given options for fires are quite enough to be prepared for any situations during the trip. Sometimes tourists use slightly different names for species, but this does not affect the essence of the process. Knowing the main types of fires and their purpose, you can always warm up and cook food while camping.
Lighting a fire is a piece of cake for an experienced tourist. You should break dry twigs near the tree trunk: pine, birch - anything will do. They are always dry near the trunk. No for seeding best material than a crumpled newspaper. After small branches have caught fire, thicker dry twigs must be added.
The food for the fire is firewood. And what you “feed” the fire depends on how efficiently and comfortably you will use it. Never cut down living trees for firewood: they burn very poorly. Damp branches also burn only to create a smoke screen from mosquitoes.
The best firewood is pine. They burn brightly and leave virtually no coals or ash. Burning pine needles is very dangerous: flying sparks can become a source of forest fire; in extreme cases, they will burn through the tent canopy. Birch firewood is only good if it has dried out, lost its bark and has not fallen to the ground. A fallen birch tree remaining in the birch bark will rot in two years and will not burn in a fire. Fir firewood is rarely not rotten and therefore is not suitable for a fire. Dried aspen trees - good firewood, but you should always remember that sparks fly from aspen. In the steppe, even if there are no trees nearby, you can always find honeysuckle or cotoneaster bushes and use dead, dry branches for firewood. Once the fire is hot, you can add thicker wood. If the fire is low, you can try to gently fan it by waving a piece of cardboard.
There are many ways to create a fire. It should be remembered that a fire is lit for cooking when camping. With a large fire, hanging or removing the pot is problematic. A flaming fire is very dangerous and can cause a fire.
In the evening, before going to bed, the fire must be extinguished - this is the law, since in the evening the wind blows up the remaining coals and a rekindled fire can cause a lot of trouble. Before leaving the camp site for the night, the fire must be reliably extinguished - doused with water, covered with earth or sand.
Types of fires
1. The Pyramid fire produces a large flame. It is suitable for quickly heating people and drying clothes, but it quickly burns out.
2. The “Trench” fire is used for cooking in windy weather on open area. To set up such a fire, you need to dig a groove in the ground of the required length and width, allowing you to install camp boilers over it. The dug groove should be located downwind and have a wide cone-shaped bevel on the windward side.
When setting up such a fire, do not forget to take care of the removed turf.
The “Trench” fire is convenient because it does not require a large amount of firewood. In cold weather, finding yourself in the forest without sleeping bag, with its help you can equip a place to relax. To preserve heat after the firewood burns out, cover the pit with wooden logs, a thin layer of earth and grass. It will not be difficult to make a comfortable, warm bed on top.
3. “Pit” fire. To set up a fire of this type, you need to dig a hole in the ground. To preserve heat, it is advisable to line the bottom of the pit with stones. On such a fire you can boil water, cook food, or bake a roast in the ashes.
4. “Star” fire. To light such a fire you will need thick, dry wood. Lay them out in a star or fan pattern, as shown in the picture. As the firewood burns, it is moved toward the center. Such a fire can burn for a very long time.
5. Bonfire “Fence” (“Nodya”). To set up this type of fire, you need to drive four pegs into the ground, between which you place firewood in the form of a fence. The fire is lit from below. It can burn for a long time, generating a lot of heat, if you mix dry and damp wood. This type of fire is very convenient for drying clothes.
6. The Reflector bonfire is mixed version bonfires “Nodya” and “Hunter’s Hearth”. Such a fire gives a lot of heat, and it’s good to warm up next to it in the winter cold.
7. The “Hunter’s Hearth” fire is made between two dry logs, which are laid in such a way that a cauldron, frying pan or kettle can be placed on them.
8. “Lattice” fire. At the base of this type of fire, two thick dry logs are placed, on which firewood of smaller and smaller diameters is stacked in several rows in the form of a dense lattice. This type of fire is best suited for joint events with the participation of the entire navigator squad.
A slightly modified version of the “Grate” can be used for cooking, heating people, drying clothes, shoes, etc. Such a fire can be made if dry and damp firewood is available. When dry wood burns out, it dries out wet wood, so the fire can burn for quite a long time.
A fire of three logs is equipped in such a way that the “Pyramid” fire serves as its filling. Please note that the lower two logs are laid on logs to form a blower. A third log is placed on top of the same logs. The advantage of this type of fire is that it can burn for two hours or more without additional firewood.
The simplest device for placing flat-bottomed cookware over a fire is a three-legged stand. This can be done by placing three roughly identical stones around the fire, or by sticking three metal pegs from the tent kit directly into the hot coals. Both stones and metal pegs should be located as if at the vertices of an imaginary equilateral triangle.
Depending on the conditions of the hike, other types of fires can be used in practice. For example, when building a fire in a swamp, you must first make a “foundation”. To do this, you should lay several logs in a row and build a fire of any type on them.
To retain heat longer after the fire burns out, the coals should be sprinkled with ashes and a little earth. The heat in this case can last up to 10 hours.
No matter what type of fire you decide to use, always follow these general rules:
Rules
No matter what type of fire you decide to use, always follow these general rules:
1.the fire must be protected from strong winds;
2. the fire must be provided with access to air, otherwise it will burn poorly and smoke;
3. for heating it is better to make a wide fire, and for cooking - a small cone-shaped one;
4. the heat from the fire goes up: therefore, the bed by the fire must be made higher than its flame.