First of all, the happy owner summer cottage wants to make a fence at the dacha with his own hands to protect his property. If you are puzzling over how to make fences, you need to know some nuances.
Types of fences: metal, corrugated, brick, slate, mesh, concrete, stone.
Why are fences needed and why are they erected? Everyone knows the main purpose of a fence—to define the property boundaries of a territory. Secondly, the fence serves as a fence for your vegetable garden and garden from wild animals and prying eyes. The fence is an integral part of the interior of the country house. It should be in harmony with the design of your hacienda.
How to put up a fence at your dacha with your own hands? Some turn to specialists for help, others want to build a fence at their dacha with their own hands. Doing the installation yourself will not take much time and effort. It will also help you save some money. Before you begin installation, arm yourself with everything necessary tools and materials.
Assembling a wooden fence
One of the common types of fences is wooden. It attracts with its natural origin, accessibility and reasonable price. Among the shortcomings stands out short term service requires attention and processing. To build a homemade wooden fence you will need:
- support posts (asbestos, brick, iron, wood);
- bars (5-10 cm wide);
- boards (85 to 145 mm, height as desired),
- self-tapping screws;
- screwdriver
Prepare recesses measuring 100-150 cm at a distance of 2 m, install racks in them. Next, attach the crossbars to the posts and screw them to the resulting board structure. Don't lose sight of the door either. Now that the country fence has been assembled, it needs to be treated with varnish or paint.
Country house fence made of profiled decking
Another type of fence that you can make yourself from profiled decking. Its exterior is not particularly attractive, but it is distinguished by its durability and does not require special care. You can install the fence yourself within a few days; for this you need to prepare:
- profiled pipes or racks with a diameter of at least 50 mm;
- flat profiled pipes for logs 40*20 mm;
- profiled sheets;
- roofing screws;
- hammer, drill, level, drill, etc.
If the inventory is ready, you can get down to business. When assembling a fence from corrugated sheets, you can concrete the posts for strength.
The process of installing a fence on a summer cottage:
- Make holes in the ground at least 1 m deep.
- Fill the recesses with crushed stone 20 cm in height, then place them in the resulting niche of the rack and adjust them to the level.
- Pour in pre-prepared concrete mixture or use a ready-made solution.
After the cement has hardened, you need to weld the transverse pipes to the racks and secure the profile sheets with roofing screws. The profile flooring can also be fixed using a special gun. To connect the decking with rivets, use rectangular profiled pipe for the cross beams. Drill holes equal to the diameter of the rivet. Purchase a rivet gun and rivets.
Chain-link fence at the dacha
You can often find a country fence made of chain-link. It is convenient for those who grow vegetables and fruits, as it does not shade the area. Country fences made of chain-link mesh will last long time. To install a fence from this material with your own hands, you need the following:
- chain link;
- iron pipes (with a zinc layer and a cross-section of 70 mm);
- intermediate pillars (wooden, iron, etc.);
- wire (3 mm);
- soft wire;
- connecting bolts;
- concrete solution.
To get started, you need to make markings for the main and intermediate posts: the distance between the main posts should not exceed 9 m and no more than 3 m between the intermediate ones.
- Dig recesses for the main pillars 60 cm and 40 cm for intermediate ones.
- The pillars are immersed in the prepared holes and filled with concrete mortar to the middle of the hole.
- Once all the posts are in place, make the required number of holes for the wire.
- When concrete mortar in the holes will completely harden, they can be covered with earth, and then tensioned and secured with connecting bolts.
Hedge structure
A hedge is the same fence only made of evergreens. They are very beautiful, but they demand attention special attention. Let's start building a hedge for the dacha.
The first row of hedges is planted berry plants or shrubs, in the second - tall trees or bushes. When choosing plants for planting in the form of a hedge, it is better to plant those that have been tested for survival in climatic conditions region.
They must be frost-resistant, unpretentious, with a dense crown that quickly recovers after cutting and excellent ability to form shoots.
Shrubs are planted at a distance of about 30-50 cm, and trees 75-150 cm. Hedges made of lilac, jasmine, etc. look impressive. Before planting, you need to mark the line of the future fence using a stretched rope. A trench 50 cm deep is dug along the line. The bottom of the trench must be loosened and mixed with peat, humus and compost. Plants are planted in spring or autumn.
During the season, you need to care for and monitor the plants, water, fertilize and trim on time. Nowadays you can often see such hedges in dachas. A do-it-yourself fence on a personal plot made from a hedge goes well with the landscape.
How to build a wicker fence at the dacha?
A wicker fence looks very original in a dacha. To build it with your own hands, you need:
- pegs;
- vine or thin flexible twigs (willow or hazel);
- wooden or iron racks.
We build a fence at the dacha and prepare equipment:
- Choose smooth, well-dried vines 2-3 cm thick.
- Dig a trench 50 cm deep and drive in pre-treated stakes or posts. So that they do not stand out, they can be painted to match the color of the selected vine.
- Next, mark the line and drive the branches to the entire depth of the groove. This is necessary to ensure that the fence is strong.
- Secure the outer branches at their tops with wire. Before you start weaving, soak the vines in water in advance: this will make them flexible and pliable.
So that the building is still for a long time pleasing to the eye, it can be processed protective equipment for wood.
Brick fence for a summer residence
Who is not limited in financially, can afford to build a brick fence. This type has many, many advantages: it is quite strong, reliable, wear-resistant, and does not require special care. But there are also disadvantages: its cost is quite high, and it’s difficult to install a fence alone without helpers.
It is possible to construct such a fence with your own hands, but in this case it is better to contact a specialist in this matter. Let's look at the main and necessary components for the construction of a brick fence:
- Make an estimate and calculate the costs of the material and the costs of the services of the master.
- Prepare the required volume of raw materials, bricks, cement, gravel, sand, reinforcement, etc.
- Mark the required area using a tape measure, level, nylon rope and drive in pegs.
- Prepare a trench for the foundation, fill it with sand and crushed stone, water it so that everything is compacted.
Build a mold from the boards and lay the reinforcement. Concrete solution is poured into the formwork and left to harden. After a week, you can remove the formwork and treat the foundation with a waterproofing compound. They lay bricks on the foundation in several rows, placing rows in the corners using nails. The bricks are secured with concrete mortar.
Above are all the key options that an amateur summer resident can build with his own hands. When planning the construction of a fence, try to determine the golden mean, based on your desires, capabilities and budget.
Despite its apparent simplicity, the fence is a rather complex architectural structure. In order for the structure to be aesthetically attractive and reliable, it is necessary to divide the project into several stages, completing each of them efficiently and accurately.
Choosing a fence design
First you need to determine common features future fencing. Will it be façade design or a small module resting on the fence of a neighboring plot.
When surrounding a cottage with a permanent fence, they most often choose options with brickwork or stone.
In order to significantly reduce the load on the foundation, natural stone combined with polymer elements, mainly polycarbonate based. At the same time, they try to use only solid bricks.
In order to give the masonry required strength, waterproofing is carried out: a mesh with a large cell or reinforced rods is laid at intervals of several horizontal rows.
Fence with brick base and inserts made of polymer elements
The simplest type of fence is a chain-link fence. It exerts minimal pressure on the ground, is cheap to maintain, but has low aesthetics.
Chainlink fence
Fence structures that combine several materials look more harmonious. Most often, combinations of solid rubble (in the lower part) and spans of treated boards, corrugated sheets, colored polycarbonate, fastened with pillars of ceramic bricks are used.
Pouring the foundation for the fence
Having decided to build a permanent fence, before pouring the foundation you need to conduct geodetic surveys to determine the presence groundwater. The choice of foundation type depends on the established properties of the soil.
In wetlands the best option there will be a strip-and-pillar base, in which, before installing the strip, shafts are drilled in the soil and filled with concrete mortar.
Tape-and-post base for fence
Roofing felt is placed between the soil and the foundation, making it difficult for moisture to reach the concrete. The foundation for the brick fence is reinforced with 12 mm reinforcing bars.
Tape-and-pillar base for a fence after pouring concrete
Installation of fences made of corrugated sheets and chain-link mesh
The next stage is the laying of columns and brick spans. The exact number of sections is calculated using the “empty seam” method and using preliminary sketches. Fences made from chain-link mesh or corrugated sheets are erected using a simpler technology. It is also used for the construction of combined fences.
First, markings are carried out for the bases, for which pillars from scrap pipes are used. For one standard roll of chain-link, 4 posts are enough. Shafts are drilled in the ground using a rotary hammer. A depth of 1 meter will be sufficient. The diameter of the drill must be at least two hundred millimeters.
Recesses for support posts for the future fence
For reliable waterproofing Before installing the pillars, rolled polyethylene or roofing felt is inserted into the drilled shafts. First of all, the first and outer pillars are installed, which are held in the channels by guy wires. Then rope beacons are pulled from above and below on one side of the pillars.
Important! Usually, when building fences made of stone and brick, mortgages are made in advance in the masonry. These are metal plates installed in solid masonry. Subsequently, hinges for gates and gates and locking strips are easily welded to them. Sleeves cut from rolled plastic pipes are also placed in the masonry. It is easy to pull electrical cables through them that power street lights, electric locks and video cameras.
When marking vertical supports for fences made of profile sheet, it is necessary to take into account that the distance between the pillars should be from two and a half to three meters. It is recommended to raise the corrugated sheeting slightly above ground level, about 10 centimeters. This will prevent the occurrence of snow and rainwater congestion.
Logs—cuts of pipes of small diameter—are used as transverse supporting elements for fences made of profiles. They give the fence the necessary rigidity and stability.
Joists and supports need to be treated special composition to protect metal from various weather conditions
For standard fence Two lags are quite enough. They are attached to support pillars by welding.
Important! The logs are mounted at a distance of 30 cm from the top edge of the fence and from the edge of the ground. For fences made of corrugated board with a height of up to 1.7 m, two transverse logs are sufficient; for fences from 1.7 to 2 m, it is recommended to install 3 logs.
The profile sheets are attached to the logs with self-tapping screws and overlapped with each other, positioning them in one wave.
Fastening corrugated sheets to joists
Important! To secure sheets of corrugated sheets, self-tapping screws 35 mm long with a pitch of 500 mm are used.
Using a level, the pillars and bases of the future chain-link fence are given strict vertical position and fill the shaft with concrete solution.
After the concrete hardens, wire guides are pulled between the pillars.
Then, using millimeter wire and pliers, they begin to attach the chain-link fabric to them.
Learn more about how to install a chain-link fence yourself in the video.
Second way.
The depth of the foundation for combined fences does not exceed 60 centimeters. Support pillars up to 120 centimeters high will provide a reliable foundation. Screens made of forged gratings or profiles around the perimeter are reinforced with pipe scraps or corners. After installing the support pillars, the screens are hung on steel tabs carefully installed in them. At the last stage, waterproofing caps are installed on the columns.
The question is how to make a fence on garden plot, worries both summer residents and owners of private cottages to the same extent. In addition to the functions of dividing areas or protecting against the entry of strangers into the territory of a household, the fence also serves an aesthetic purpose. Creative ideas home craftsmen sometimes lead to the creation of real masterpieces from available materials. But both the elite and the simplest fences are built according to the same principles. Therefore, it is useful to know how to properly install a fence on a site.
How to choose the right material?
Among those offered at construction markets There are a wide variety of materials available that are perfect for constructing fences. Among them, the following can be particularly noted:
- lumber (boards, slabs, picket fences) are considered the most affordable and convenient, since almost anyone can process it without the use of special equipment and with minimum set tools;
- corrugated sheets, metal pickets, forged sections or polycarbonate require pre-installation during installation metal supports, which means working with materials that are difficult to process;
- the chain-link mesh is convenient in itself, but installing supports involves the same manipulations as in the previous case;
- scrap materials various kinds leave room for imagination, but require non-standard solutions during installation;
- brick, reinforced concrete and stone need to be connected using cement mortar or mesh.
In the latter case, the structure will turn out to be quite heavy, so it is necessary to lay a foundation under it. The device of this structural element requires earthen and concrete works, which significantly complicates the process of erecting a fence. Such massive structures are usually made for country house, in which they live permanently. They are an element general design and are often created from materials that are in harmony with the decoration of the facade.
The combined designs look very nice.
They include fence elements made of different materials. The most common options are combining brick or stone pillars with metal or lumber.
In each individual case, the owner of the site decides how to choose a fence for the cottage, focusing solely on his own needs. The cost of parts and the entire structure as a whole also plays a significant role in the choice.
Do I need permission to build a fence?
Building rules and regulations regulate many aspects of the construction of fences: the distance to reservoirs and trees, to buildings for other purposes, to roads, etc. But SNiP for the construction of a fence is not a law, but only advisory acts, on the basis of which the administration of each settlement creates construction rules. Most often, permission is applied for if you want to install a fence more than 2 m high. The city architect must allow construction on a corner plot, since an incorrectly installed fence can obstruct the view at a street intersection.
The production of fences between areas is also regulated. So that neighbors' beds and green spaces do not suffer from lack of sun, building codes stipulate that the maximum height of the fence should not exceed 1.5 m. For the same purpose, there is another rule: it must be as transparent as possible. This quality of fencing depends both on what material to choose and on the design of the structure itself. For a fence separating 2 neighboring areas, it is recommended to choose different meshes, picket fences, openwork sections made of concrete or metal. In any case, the gap between the opaque elements must be no less than the width of the part itself.
A blind fence can only be installed on the street side, but with an agreement with neighbors it is possible to build it between properties.
In this case, it is better to draw up a written contract even before making a fence at the dacha.
To avoid a dispute between neighbors regarding land surveying issues, before making fences, you need to contact the BTI. After accurate measurements of the boundaries of the site, you need to mark the area. This part is required in preparation for the main stages of construction.
Preparatory work
Before you build a fence at your dacha, you should familiarize yourself with the options for its design. For inspiration, an illustration in a book, stills from your favorite films, your own imagination or a beautiful fence near a cottage are suitable. Designs of fences for country houses are also available in the architectural bureau: when applying for permission, you can simultaneously resolve the issue of choosing the appearance of the fence for the dacha. By looking at sketches of fences or creating them yourself, you can draw up a site plan and determine its length and width.
Based on these data, it is easy to calculate how much material is required for the posts and fencing fabric. The fence diagram should be drawn to scale so that the calculation is as accurate as possible. In some cases, you will need to take into account how high the fence should be. When purchasing reinforced concrete products, boards and sheet materials, you have to take into account standard sizes individual elements.
Once the plan has been drawn up, you can mark the area. To do this you will need pegs (poles) and a thin cord. If the border along which fences and fences for the house are erected is a straight line, then it will be enough to drive stakes at the corners of the site. If the outlines of a private household are curved, markers will have to be placed on relatively straight parts of the border. A cord is pulled tightly between the stakes, along which the entire row of support posts for the fence will subsequently be aligned.
Using a tape measure, you need to find and mark the location of each support and the location of the entrance group.
Usually the column spacing is 2 m, but this is an optional figure. Sections can be made smaller, but it is not recommended to install long spans: the mesh may sag, and blind fences will have too much windage with a minimum of fastenings. When choosing components for a fence with fixed dimensions, you need to determine the pitch depending on the length of the material. A peg must be driven in at the location of each post, since the mark on the ground can be washed away by rain or accidentally rubbed off during the movements of people and animals.
What is needed for construction?
Building a fence with your own hands must begin with the acquisition of some materials and tools that may be needed in the work. In order not to make a mistake with your choice, you need to know what the fence is made of, and based on this, decide what you can build it from. The main details of any structure are the supporting elements (pillars), veins or slabs (horizontal fastenings) and the fence web (a plane made of some material).
Having decided what to make the fence from and determining the amount of materials needed, the home craftsman goes to the store and buys the following tools and components for the fence:
- shovel;
- plumb and level;
- roulette;
- wood saw or grinder (for metal fence);
- hammer and nails or screws and screwdriver;
- pillars for support (10x10 cm block or steel pipe with a diameter of 10 cm);
- cement, sand and crushed stone;
- corner or thin pipe for metal veins;
- 5x5 cm block for wooden parts;
- materials for the fence fabric - of your own choice.
When building a fence made of polycarbonate, corrugated board or chain-link, you will definitely need welding machine for attaching veins to posts. But this service can be ordered from a trade organization, providing dimensions and a sketch, or you can call a specialist to your home, because not everyone knows how to make welds correctly.
When building a country fence with your own hands from non-traditional materials, you will have to think through the method of attaching the canvas to the supports yourself. If something serious is planned stone structure, then you will need bricks or natural material.
For gabion structures you will have to purchase a special mesh.
Fencing installation technology
Lightweight fences and fences for the house are built according to the same principles. Regardless of what material is chosen for fencing the site, the construction of fences is carried out according to the following scheme:
- After the markings have been made and the location of each pillar is indicated, you need to dig holes for the supports. Since deep pits have to be expanded when working with a shovel and the pole may move during installation, the mark can be transferred to the cord, marking the center of the support with colored electrical tape or thread. After this, the pole must be pulled out and a hole must be dug at least 50 cm deep. It is advisable that its bottom be below the freezing point of the soil.
- Backfill by pouring crushed stone into the hole in a layer of 15–20 cm. Compact the material.
- Place the post in the hole, aligning it with the mark and vertical. In order for it to maintain its position, you need to prop it up with large stones or wooden wedges. If the work is carried out with an assistant, he can hold the support in the desired position. Fill the pit with crushed stone mixed with sand and dry cement (4:3:1, respectively) to the top, tamping it down during the filling process. Check the verticality of the column again and lightly pour water over the cement-crushed stone mixture (the amount of liquid is approximately 1/10 of the volume of the mixture).
- Install the remaining pillars in the same way. It will be possible to continue work after 24–48 hours.
- When the footing has set, you can begin attaching the veins. It is advisable to calculate their installation locations so that the ends of the boards or the edges of the sheet material are no more than 30–40 cm above and below them. If the canvas is chosen to be partially transparent (picket fence, polycarbonate, mesh), the same distance from the upper and lower edges of the canvas to the veins will look beautiful. Check with a level that each layer is horizontal.
- After installation horizontal elements construction, you can begin attaching the fence sheet. Individual parts (board, picket fence) are installed individually, fastening is done with nails or self-tapping screws. Before making a fence with your own hands, it is advisable to tighten the cord to level the piece elements in height. It is easier to check the horizontality of a profiled sheet or polycarbonate with a level.
- To install a wooden gate, you need to lay the bars parallel to each other and fill them with pickets, making sure that the parts do not move. Turn it wrong side up and measure the block to make a diagonal stiffener. Cut its ends at an angle, lay it between horizontal bars and attach it with nails or self-tapping screws to each vertical plank at the intersection. For a wicket or gate made of sheet material, you need to weld a metal frame on which to fasten a profiled sheet, mesh or polycarbonate cut to the size of the product.
According to these rules, you can build a budget fence on a summer cottage from relatively cheap materials. You can complement and decorate it with decorative columns made of brick or stone. To do this, after installing the vertical supports and attaching the veins steel pipes covered with building materials, connecting masonry elements cement mortar(1 part cement and 3 parts sand). If you have a large number of bricks, you can lay out decorative plinth under the sections.
Thanks to this design, a fence placed near the house with your own hands looks much more solid than a conventional fence made of a metal profile or chain-link on a frame. Brickwork can also be combined with wood, but the supports still need to be made of steel, welding short sections of angles onto them, to which sections can be attached after building the brick pillars.
A homemade fence made from openwork bent or forged sections. This is not the most cheap option, but the owner has the right to decide for himself which fence is in better harmony with his house. Ready-made sections can be purchased or ordered according to your own sketches at construction company or a blacksmith shop.
They are installed by welding.
You can build an original fence for your dacha with your own hands from waste material. Many people collect empty ones plastic bottles in order to make the best out of them various items. They were no exception country fences: By connecting empty containers with wire or cement, people make reliable fences for a plot in a gardening cooperative.
To make 1 fencing element, you can cut off the bottoms of bottles same size. After this, the parts are strung on a fishing line or wire, passing it through the lid. The bottles are pushed into each other through the cut off lower parts until they stop. The line is fixed.
Having made many of these “pickets”, they should be strung on a thick steel wire tied to poles. Aligning the piece elements in height, the wire is passed through side surfaces bottles at the top and bottom. If the plastic picket fence is very high, you can make 3-4 horizontal rows of wire for greater strength fences.
Plastic fences for a private home can be made differently. This will require a concrete solution of sand and cement. Having filled the foundation and a low base (about 20 cm), PET bottles are laid horizontally in the formwork, placing their bottoms in the same vertical plane. After this, a row of empty containers is filled with solution and the procedure is repeated until the desired height is reached.
Decorative wooden fences
If the plot in a private house is registered in rustic style, then a wattle fence or a fence made of poles will be an excellent addition to the garden design. The first option involves creating a fence of vertical posts intertwined with flexible material. Clearing new site or the surrounding area from thickets of American maple, willow or other shrubs with long straight twigs, you can simultaneously get rid of debris and make a beautiful fence.
Many people know how to install decorative wattle fence correctly: this is the most common type of fence in Russian villages. Even the presence modern materials has not reduced the popularity of durable and cheap fencing. To make a fence, a series of thick stakes are driven into the ground. The step between them is small, only 50–60 cm. After all the stakes are installed along the marking line, they are intertwined with horizontally arranged flexible rods.
A fence made of poles has more symbolic meaning, marking the boundary of the site.
Several horizontal crossbars are tied or nailed to the dug posts. The distance between them is quite large (up to 50 cm), so such a fence will not save you from unauthorized entry. It can be used as a fence between areas.
Gabion fences
There is another way to put up a fence without extra costs time and money using waste raw materials. To create a gabion, rigid galvanized welded mesh is used. The most important thing is to choose a cell size such that the contents do not fall out.
To install the structure, you need to dig in steel posts, as for a regular fence.
The grid is positioned so that the columns are between its 2 layers. The space inside can be filled with cobblestones or stone fragments, broken glass, crushed stone, etc.
Having filled 50 cm of the gabion height, you need to install a series of hooks (braces) so that the mesh does not deform during further filling. The step between the braces is 30-50 cm. After this, you can fill another 50 cm of volume and again strengthen the wall with hooks. Continue this way until the end, raising the layer of filler to the very top of the mesh.
Fence designs can be very different. It is important to monitor the verticality of the columns at the very first stage of construction. Knowing how to install the supports correctly, the master will be able to cope with other operations without much effort.
Work on the new site begins with the main thing - fencing the territory. It sometimes becomes equivalent to marking a border, but is done very conditionally: with stretched wire, somehow driven in stakes and other not very aesthetic substitutes for a fence. A little later the moment comes when you need to seriously think about protection personal plot from strangers. And then we build a fence.
The construction of a beautiful and durable fence is quite labor-intensive and requires financial investment. First you need to decide what purposes it will mainly serve:
- If the functions are limited to marking territorial boundaries, then an inexpensive fence can be built from a picket fence, metal mesh, or bushes can be planted along the perimeter of the site, which will eventually grow and turn into an impenetrable hedge.
- If you want to close yourself off from the views of passers-by, you will need to erect a high and impenetrable fence. The cheapest and most durable options in this case are corrugated board and wood.
- Special fence concrete slabs, brick or forged spans will be very beautiful and will last more than 50 years, but building it with your own hands is quite difficult. The cost of such a fence is not affordable for everyone.
Therefore, you should consider how to build a fence with your own hands quickly and inexpensively.
Where to start?
The first stage of any construction is marking.
Before you build a fence with your own hands, you need to call a specialist from the BTI to approve the boundaries of the site: the neighbors are unlikely to like it if the erected fence takes up part of their territory or casts a shadow on the plantings.
When marking, you must also follow the instructions of SNiP 30-02-97, which regulate:
- the distance from the residential building to the fence is at least 3 m;
- from outbuildings or large trees— 4 m;
- the height of the fence between adjacent areas is no more than 1.5 m;
- To ensure sufficient insolation of the area, the fence is made of translucent materials - lattice, mesh, picket fence.
After all the necessary approvals have been made, you can begin marking and preparing materials and tools for construction:
- For marking you will need pegs 60 cm long and a cord. Having determined the boundaries of the site in accordance with its plan, drive in the outermost stakes in the 4 corners and pull the cord from one peg to another, marking the line of the future fence.
- In accordance with the length of the fence span, which is determined individually in each case, drive a row of pegs along the line marked with the cord. They will indicate the installation locations for the fence support posts. The span length should not exceed 2.5 m. Based on the number of pegs, it is necessary to calculate the required amount of material for the posts and fencing fabric.
Purchase materials:
- asbestos-cement pipe, steel or wooden beam from 5x5 cm to 10x10 cm - for pillars;
- crushed stone - to secure the pillars in the ground;
- profile metal pipe or a 10x2.5 cm block - for installing transverse joists to which the fencing fabric will be attached;
- profiled sheet, edged board, chain-link mesh or other material for making a fence;
- nails, screws for fastening.
Tools you will need:
- shovel or drill, manual or electric - for excavating soil for installing poles;
- plumb line and building level;
- welding machine for fastening metal logs by welding;
- drill, hacksaw, grinder.
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The basis of the fence is pillars for support
No matter what type of fence you need to build, the installation of support posts will be a critical factor in its longevity and strength. From correct device the support will also depend on the aesthetics of the building, because even a rich fence looks sloppy if its pillars are skewed or collapsed.
In order for the fence to be level, you will first have to install corner posts, stretch a cord along their upper border to determine the plane of the fence and the height of the remaining supports. Dig intermediate posts in places marked with pegs, aligning them in height and vertically.
The method of installing the pillars is determined by the nature of the soil on the site: on heaving and deeply frozen soils, even concrete pillars can warp in the first winter. How to properly build a fence with your own hands and avoid such trouble?
Image 1: diagram of a fence made of brick and corrugated board.
- In order not to create unnecessary work for yourself in deepening and concreting the pillars, you need to drill or dig a hole so that its diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of the support.
- The depth of the hole is determined as 1/3 of the height of the post. On clay soils and high level groundwater, increase this depth by another 10-15 cm to install a crushed stone cushion under the pillar. Place crushed stone in a layer of 10-15 cm into the dug hole and compact it. Install the post, use a plumb line to check its verticality in 2 planes perpendicular to each other and secure it with temporary spacers in the hole.
- Fill the space between the support and the walls of the hole with crushed stone and compact it. Remove the temporary spacers and check the verticality of the post again
- Add crushed stone to the edges of the hole and compact it thoroughly. This method of installing fence supports creates a layer of soil around the post that is not subject to heaving, and acts as drainage when moisture penetrates from precipitation and soil water.
Service time support posts depends on their preparation for operation. The part immersed in the ground must be protected from moisture if it is wooden or steel elements:
- the wood should be etched with a strong solution copper sulfate in water (Bordeaux mixture) and cover with bitumen or mastic in 1-2 layers;
- coat the iron pipe with bitumen.
An asbestos-cement pipe is not subject to corrosion or rotting, but water that gets inside it (during rain) can, when frozen in winter, tear a column made of such material from the inside. To prevent this, immediately after installation, the top hole of the pipe must be securely closed.
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Installation of logs and fence fabric
Image 2: installation diagram of corrugated sheets.
- Install the lower logs at a height of no lower than 20 cm from the ground level. This is necessary so that they do not rot or corrode from contact with wet soil. The lower edge of the fence in this case will be located 10 cm below the log, covering it and not contacting the ground. The installation mark for the lower joist is determined by measuring the distance to it from the top of each of the corner posts. The cord is pulled along these marks, checking the horizontal position using a building level.
- To install the top joist, set aside a distance of about 10 cm from the top of each corner post, place a mark and drive a nail. Stretch the cord from one corner post to the other, marking the level of installation of the veins. The distance can be greater if the shaped supports perform decorative functions.
If necessary ( high altitude fence) in the space between the upper and lower veins, you can install additional logs with the same spacing between them.
The lags are fastened to metal support posts by welding or threaded connection on bolts whose length larger diameter pipes. To do this, through holes are drilled in the support and joist, the diameter of which is equal to the diameter of the bolt. Screw a nut onto the bolt that goes through the holes and tighten it.
Lags to wooden posts fastened with nails or self-tapping screws. Their length is selected so that they pass right through the vein and column, protruding 2-3 cm. This part is carefully folded.
After this, they attach to the veins inexpensive material, which the fence will consist of - corrugated sheet, board 10x2 cm:
- Grade C corrugated sheeting (more than 0.5 mm thick) is attached to the joists with special self-tapping screws 3.5 cm long in increments of 45-50 cm. Such self-tapping screws are supplied with rubber washers and polymer coating for heads. Aluminum rivets are not recommended for fastening corrugated sheets. No corrosion treatment is required - the sheets are galvanized and coated with a colored polymer layer.
- A 10x2 cm edged board is nailed down or fastened with self-tapping screws in such a way that they pierce through the wooden parts. The head must be recessed into the wood by 1-2 mm. The protruding ends of the nails are bent. A wooden fence must be sanded and coated with exterior paint to protect it from rotting.
Every owner land plot, even a very small one, strive to define the boundaries of their possession. In most cases, owners erect fences that will hide the territory from prying eyes and intrusions from strangers from the street. And most often such a fence is a fence.
To build a high-quality and aesthetically pleasing fence, you don’t need to immediately turn to specialists. With your own hands you can create a unique design that will become your pride. To do this, you should find a good consultant, which is our site, and strictly follow his step-by-step instructions. According to our recommendations, you will independently build a wooden fence, from which you are now a few steps away.
The big step is choosing the material.
A large selection of materials for building a fence sometimes puts owners in a difficult position - what is better to choose? The choice depends on how you want the fence to look. Therefore, it is necessary to have at least a little information about each of the modern materials.
Brick fences are high-quality, durable buildings. From this traditional building material a major, strong building is being erected that will last for decades.
Particularly popular in lately, steel fences are made of light, durable and beautiful corrugated sheets, which is universal for the construction of this structure. The result is an easy-to-install, lightweight and aesthetic barrier.
Fencing structures made of tree. Until recently, this was the most common type of building material, which is gradually, although undeservedly, being replaced by modern ones.
Quite often in the construction of facade and internal fences they use chain-link mesh. But this type of construction, unfortunately, will expose your entire site to the public.
Modern construction of fences involves the combined inclusion of different materials in the design, using stone and brickwork. Companies specializing in the construction of fence structures offer the most various options combined fences.
How to start construction correctly
Whatever material you choose for your fence, the beginning of construction always requires compliance with a certain order. The first is laying the foundation for the future fence - the foundation. This step is preceded by determining the corners and precise markings along the entire perimeter, taking into account the boundaries of the site.
If you decide to install a temporary fence and later build a permanent one, then it is not necessary to install strip foundation, which will then have to be destroyed. It will be enough to install and concrete free-standing pillars, which will become the base of the fence.
To determine the boundaries of your fence frame, you need to dig holes in the corners into which the supporting posts will be installed and concreted.
What you need to know about racks
When choosing or self-production racks should also take into account some points.
The most durable and stable are metal racks. They are able to maintain the structure for a long time without repairs.
Wooden supports, as practice has shown, are less durable. The part of the post that is in the ground requires separate processing. Therefore, it is most practical to install wooden racks during the construction of temporary fencing.
Bases made of pipes of various diameters or square metal profiles are extremely practical and durable.
For self-construction For a fence structure, you will need a welding machine, with which you can assemble the load-bearing part of the structure and install fastenings for the spans. The video provides instructions for correct installation and concreting of support pillars.
Now let’s mount the frame on which the fence will be installed
When the first stage of work on installing the load-bearing part of the structure is completed, it is necessary to install the fasteners to which the spans will be attached. Here, too, there are several options for welding fasteners.
When installing wooden beams as guides, they are fixed on “ears” welded to the support.
When to use metal corner, it is also welded to the post, securing wooden blocks to it.
Guide from profile pipe provides maximum strength and rigidity of the entire structure. The spans are quite easily mounted on the base using self-tapping screws.
Useful information! When assembling a metal fence, you must first calculate its cost, as the structure may be more expensive than desired.
The pinnacle of your creation
When the frame of your structure is ready, the most important but enjoyable step remains - installing the spans. Our recommendations are focused on corrugated sheets, although solutions can be very different - slate, wood, mesh.
To make the fence even, you must first stretch a strong thread along the top edge, along which the sheet will be installed. To set the horizontal direction, you can use a laser level or level.
At proper preparation and assembly, even a non-specialist should not have any difficulties with installation, connection and appearance structures.
Be proud - you are a jack of all trades!
We really hope that you have consistently followed all our recommendations and built a unique fence with your own hands and are enjoying the fruits of your labor.