Pipes for a well. Casing pipes for a well Which pipes are better for a water well

Well, made from the right materials, serves for many decades to supply water to a country house. One of the most frequently asked questions is Which pipe better use for well – plastic or metal? Looking through many pages on various sites and forums on the Internet, future well owners see absolutely contradictory information about what material the casing pipe should be made of - plastic or iron? On some sites there are references to SNiP 2.04.02-84 “Water supply. External networks and structures” where back in 1984 they wrote in black and white that “…. steel pipes should be used.” More than 30 years have passed since those difficult years. During this time, the political system changed in our country, personal computers, cell phones and the Internet appeared (in 1984 people did not know such words), new holiday villages grew up, and only our automobile industry, guided by old norms, continues to issue greetings from socialism on 4 wheels. New materials brought to us by scientific and technological progress surround us everywhere and every day. Look around - iron water pipes in your house for a long time replaced on polypropylene or metal-plastic. In St. Petersburg, there are constant traffic jams due to the fact that old worn-out metal pipes are dug out of the ground and replace them on HDPE(low-density polyethylene) - both water supply and sewerage, because the service life of plastic is several times longer, plastic is cheaper and has less labor costs for installation. Now let's look at specific facts:

iron casing pipe

Double harm for the well - iron, which is dissolved in water speeds up the process corrosion the metal from which the casing is made. The sediment only increases over time, and the pipe wall becomes thinner. The process comes from both sides– both outside the casing and inside – where the water rises. If the iron casing pipes were connected by welding (as per SNiP 1984), then at the seams where the pipe has a non-uniform metal composition corrosion will happen 2-4 times faster. Remember the body of a car made of iron - why is it covered with mastic? Why don't they apply mastic to the plastic bumper?

plastic casing pipe

Plastic pipe– made of a new generation material – absolutely inert – that is, it does not combine with water and does not enter into chemical reactions with the surrounding soil. The thickness of the casing pipe wall allows it to withstand any ground pressure. The only thing that a plastic pipe will not allow you to do is for unscrupulous drillers to push the entire casing of pipes down a few more meters with the heavy weight of the drilling machine, so that the depth of the well turns out to be 5 - 10 meters greater than what was actually drilled. Plastic pipe gives comfort And convenience use of a well.

Plastic casing pipe for well very convenient for subsequent operation - it will make it possible to remove the pump from the well several years after installation. Plastic casing walls free from rust.

Iron casing pipe, the pump stopped pumping after 6 years of operation. If the pump cannot be removed, you will need to drill a new well

Iron casing pipe, the pump does not work after 4 years of operation; diagnostics and repairs are required. But before this, you need to remove the pump from the well.

In the photo: The homeowner called our team of plumbers due to an independent attempt pull out the well pump, which served for more than 6 years and was never removed from the well during this time, was not successful. The pump was almost fused with the casing due to rust, which made it difficult to remove it to the surface. Remains of layers are visible on the pump rust from the casing.

In the photo: Removing a pump from a well with an iron casing. The characteristic yellow color of the pump and water pipe is rust- due to iron, which is dissolved in water and from which the casing pipe is made. Now imagine what the iron casing looks like inside this well.

You, at home, inside a new country house, are planning to put on water iron pipes or plastic(metal-plastic)? What about the well?

Iron pipe after 7 years of operation

Metal pipe almost completely clogged with sludge and rust. Now even a fully open tap on the mixer produces only a thin stream of water.

Plastic pipe after 7 years of operation

The plastic pipe is free from dirt and only retained traces of the rusty water that came from the iron pipe.

How has the well drilling market changed? Why plastic is the trumpet so popular?

Drilling wells with a small-sized installation

With the advent small-sized equipment, which consumes less resources and is able to squeeze through any gate on the site, it became possible to make the well accessible. Demand for shallow and inexpensive water wells remains very high. The price reduction was also facilitated by the emergence of a new type of high-quality casing pipes - plastic!

Drilling a well with a conventional drill

Big rig drills faster in time than a small-sized one, but takes up a lot of space, requires more fuel, expensive spare parts and causes damage to the site. It’s easier to find 1 customer and explain to him why you need to overpay 6 times, drill deep and be sure to install an expensive iron pipe, than to find 6 customers and make everyone good and cheap with a plastic pipe. ATTENTION: There is a 90% chance that no company will come to you to install 20 meters of iron pipe on a large drilling rig. Don't believe me? call and ask. The probable answer is “you have 120 meters and you need an iron pipe.”

Plastic casing pipe easier and cheaper iron, work with it easier, which means the well will have lower costs for the labor of drillers with good quality.

Iron casing pipe easily crushed by the weight of the drilling machine even into a crooked hole. She significantly more expensive plastic and therefore drillers, at 1800 rubles per meter, have to use a trick - add meters. Try to dive to 120 - 160 meters and check whether your favorite iron pipe is there or whether it was installed only up to the hard rocks and then there is an open wellbore, without any pipe at all.

How to promote an obsolete product on the Internet?

Freelancer copywriter RUB 0.40 per character

Shaping public opinion has long helped sell murky high-yield stocks and cell phones, iron casing pipe. Online freelance exchanges are overflowing with offers to write reviews from authors who are registered simultaneously on 20-40 forums. They are ready, for a small amount, to respond well to any topic that is ordered to them. Trust the experts and information from official sources, and remember - progress is always moving forward, just yesterday a computer occupied 3 floors in one building, but today you can carry it in your pocket. Now plastic casing pipe for wells successfully replaces metal.

Comfortable living conditions in summer cottages mean living with all amenities, including constant access to water, which is impossible without the use of specialized water wells. The process of constructing a well involves the use of casing pipes. The main purpose of their use is to prevent the well wall from collapsing.

When ordering drilling, everyone asks such a question as choosing a casing pipe for their well. And at these moments, many companies come up with their proposals. But you should always remember that the choice of the casing pipe that is suitable for you depends on the specifics of your area, the key features of the soil, the depth of the well, and the width in accordance with your project. And the calculations directly depend on the number of household appliances that run on water - a washing machine, a dishwasher, then a kitchen, a bathroom, a bathroom, whether water is required for watering the area - all this is taken into account. All pipes used in well drilling have certain characteristics. When choosing, you should adhere to the correct shape, wall size, thickness and diameter; it is very important that they do not go beyond the norm. Our company uses specialized, high-quality casing pipes, which are necessary for high-quality well construction. You can choose a steel option, anodized, metal-plastic, plastic. To ensure that the choice of casing pipe suits you, it is better to familiarize yourself with the existing options and their features:

Steel pipes

One affordable option that has excellent performance is steel pipes. Steel pipes have been used in well drilling for a long time. They are distinguished by their reliability and durability. A steel pipe, the wall thickness of which is about 5 mm, can serve without complaints for more than 40 years. In some cases, drilling wells is only possible using steel products. According to the manufacturing method, they are divided into electric-welded (suture) and seamless (seamless).

Solid drawn ones are obtained by punching a hole in hot solid steel blanks. A seamless pipe is stronger than an electric-welded one, but in relation to well casing, this difference does not play a special role. A seamless, seamless steel pipe can withstand soil pressure perfectly; the estimated service life of such a pipe will be more than 50 years. On such pipes with a wall thickness of 4.5 mm, high-quality connecting threads are perfectly cut; due to the homogeneity of the material, galvanic couples are not formed. You could list the advantages for a long time, if not for one disadvantage - cost.

Anodized pipes are produced using a manufacturing technology that is thinner-walled than other pipes. The best anti-corrosion property of these pipes appears when the surface is protected with zinc. It would seem to be a very good option - the pipe does not rust, lasts longer in the well... If not for several disadvantages - it is impossible to cut a high-quality conical thread for a connection on such a thin-walled pipe. When connecting by welding, the zinc at the joint burns out, exposing the metal. The salt battery has a simple design - take a zinc glass, fill it with a saline solution, into which a carbon electrode is lowered. During operation, the glass is destroyed. An almost absolute analogue is obtained with a galvanized column in the well. One element of the galvanic couple is the exposed metal in the areas of the threaded or welded joint, the other is the zinc protective coating. Zinc compounds end up in water, which, when taken from a well, is most often used for drinking purposes...

Reinforced pipes are a kind of hybrid of a metal electric-welded pipe with a 4 mm wall and a seamless pipe with a 5 mm wall, which is called reinforced casing pipe. It looks like a regular electric welded pipe, but threaded ends from a seamless pipe are welded to it. This eliminated the problem with a weak weld on the thread. Our company produces steel casing pipes with reinforced threaded ends. The innovative design combines the high strength of a seamless pipe and the low cost of a seamed pipe. The most critical parts of the casing are located at the ends, where the powerful torque of the drilling rig is applied to the threaded connections and maximum strength is required.

Metal-plastic pipes that are produced by the technical process of coating a reinforced pipe with a protective anti-corrosion polymer coating. The technological process consists of two stages: at the first stage, the metal pipe is cleaned by machine in automatic mode, where rust, dirt, and oxide layers are removed, and the desired surface roughness is created. Next, a cold hardening is created, which compacts the top layer of metal, and thereby, to some extent, creates its own metal-compacted surface that prevents corrosion. At the second stage: the already cleaned, degreased, prepared pipe enters the line, where first it is heated in an inductor to a temperature of 180 degrees, and then the extruder applies adhesion - an adhesive composition - in a ring manner. After which the polyethylene pipes are sent for cooling.

HDPE or PVC-U pipes

UPVC are pipes made from unplasticized polyvinyl chloride. They have a safety margin several times greater than HDPE and are able to withstand loads of over 5 tons. uPVC is a rigid material and, according to designers, when calculating “hydraulics”, it is very close to metal. They are more expensive than HDPE pipes. The service life of uPVC wells is limited only by natural conditions and human factors, such as source depletion, decreased flow rate, or complete drainage of limestone. Modern consumers choose pipes made from more modern materials that are resistant to various influences, due to which uPVC is the leader in the price/quality ratio. The durability of uPVC columns under the manufacturer's warranty is 50 years. But, theoretically, the life cycle of uPVC products without reducing physical properties can be 6 times longer.

Additional pipe casing You can use a plastic pipe as a casing pipe at shallow depths; in difficult soils you should use only a steel pipe. Plastic does not rust, is not expensive, is quite reliable and durable, harmless, but has low strength, so it is better to place it in a steel casing, which is called additional casing. It should be noted that under the influence of corrosion, the steel pipe will disappear in about 25-50 years, only the HDPE production string will remain. The further service life of the well will depend on the geology of the area. If there is movement of underground soil and swelling of clay in this area, the pipe will be compressed, and further operation will not be possible! However, this will not happen with uPVC, because... it combines the strength of metal and the environmental friendliness of plastic. That is why our company has long been using exclusively uPVC pipes for additional casing. Moreover, its cost does not exceed the cost of HDPE pipes.

This article discusses the positive and negative aspects of the properties of pipes made of various materials, as well as the main points that influence their choice when constructing a well. In any case, which pipe to choose is up to you. But we really hope that the information we have presented will undoubtedly help you make the right decision that is right for you when selecting materials for casing. Good luck to you!

By ordering the production of a water well from a drilling company, the owner of a country house expects to receive a completely ready-to-use source of clean natural water that can last for decades.

However, it should be remembered that the qualitative composition of the produced water and the durability of an underground well largely depend on the material and quality of manufacture of the pipes that make up the casing. Therefore, when choosing a drilling contractor, it is useful to know which well casing is best for use in each specific case.

Selection of casing material

This article cannot be considered as a complete instruction for installing casing pipes, because this is a rather complex technological process that requires the use of special equipment. It is almost impossible to do it yourself at home, so for drilling a well and installing a casing, it is best to turn to professionals for help, and you can do the rest and install pumping equipment yourself.

Here we will try to figure out which is the best pipe for a well to use as a casing, and also consider the basic properties of pipes made of various materials.

Why do you need a casing pipe?

The casing pipes are lowered into the trunk of a newly drilled well during its development, thereby protecting its walls from collapse, and the trunk itself from the ingress of mined rock from the adjacent soil layers.

In addition, in a completed well, the casing pipes have a hermetically sealed connection between each other, which prevents poorly treated groundwater (the so-called perched water) from entering its trunk. Thus, only deeply purified natural water from the artesian aquifer enters the water supply system.

1. Steel is an environmentally friendly material that, when in direct contact with water, does not release any chemical elements into it. Regular rust, which forms on metal surfaces, is not soluble in water and, contrary to popular belief, does not increase iron levels. To remove it, just pass the water through a regular household filter.
2. The high mechanical strength and impact toughness of the steel virtually eliminate breakage or destruction of the casing during its installation.

The photo shows steel casing pipes with a threaded flange

1. In case of clogging or silting of the well, as well as accidental entry of foreign objects into it, it is allowed to carry out additional drilling or other work using drilling tools.
2. A well with such casing can be installed even at a very deep level of the aquifer.

As for the negative qualities of this material, the main disadvantage is its rather high price. For this reason, you should think carefully about what period of operation the well installation is designed for. The use of steel casing is in most cases justified for deep artesian wells installed on the site of a permanent residence. For the construction of shallow wells with sand for seasonal use, it is better to use cheaper materials.

Advice! A seamless pipe is of higher quality, since the weld along the entire length is its weakest point, where cracks and ruptures can occur under high loads.

Stainless steel rolled metal or coated pipe

Regarding the use of metal elements with additional corrosion protection, sometimes a controversial question arises: which pipes are better for a water well, galvanized or stainless steel?

In fact, answering it, you can ask a counter question: is it worth overpaying a significant amount for stainless steel, if an ordinary pipe made of ferrous metal has a service life equal to the period of operation of the highest-yield well.

Separately, it should be said about galvanized black metal products. The fact is that with prolonged exposure to water, zinc oxide is formed on the zinc coating over time, which is considered dangerous to human health. For this reason, galvanized elements can only be used for working with process water.

Enameled steel pipes fully comply with sanitary and hygienic standards, but have one significant drawback. The enamel coating has a low modulus of elasticity, so it is quite fragile. As a result, during the installation of the casing, a large number of chips and microcracks are formed on the enamel surface.

Water gets into them and the process of destruction begins, and through corrosion occurs even faster, because the thickness of the metal used for enameled pipes is smaller than for ferrous metal.

Pay attention! If the manager of a drilling company strongly recommends the use of any stainless materials that have a significant cost, this is more like a marketing ploy in order to sell the client a more expensive product.

Asbestos cement pipe

Asbestos cement pipes have been used for well casing for many years and are an inexpensive alternative to steel products, however, due to the characteristics of this material, not all drilling companies know how to install them correctly.

1. Asbestos cement is an environmentally friendly, chemically neutral natural material and does not emit any harmful substances into water during operation.
2. The claim that asbestos has carcinogenic properties is scientifically unfounded. In addition, the amount of fibers that can get into the water is negligible, and given the peculiarities of their structure, they can be filtered out by any household filter.
3. Asbestos cement products are very fragile, so special care must be taken when installing them. For the same reason, it is unacceptable to carry out drilling operations in an already completed well.
4. Due to the large thickness of the walls, installation of asbestos-cement pipes requires a hole of a larger diameter than for steel ones.
5. They cannot be used as a filtration column in sand wells, therefore they are used only in artesian sources.
6. Due to the physical characteristics of this material, their installation is allowed only in wells whose depth does not exceed 100 m.

Plastic pipe

Relatively new materials for casing can be considered pipes made of various polymers: uPVC (unplasticized polyvinyl chloride); HDPE (low density polyethylene) and PP (polypropylene). Among the advantages of these materials, the following properties can be noted:

1. Absolutely not susceptible to corrosion even with prolonged contact with water.
2. They do not break down in the soil and do not contribute to the development of pathogenic microorganisms.
3. They do not release any harmful substances into the water.
4. The main advantage of plastic products is their low cost and light weight.

Considering the low strength of polymer products, the maximum depth of a well using them should not exceed 60 meters.

Advice! Regarding the question,which pipe is better for a well?, Among plastic products, the most optimal in terms of price and reliability is the uPVC polymer.

Conclusion

After reading the material in this article, you can be more confident in turning to specialists from a drilling company for help in installing a well. A competent manager who sees that the client understands at least a little about this issue will not openly offer him a product of inadequate quality.

More detailed information on the issue of interest can be obtained by watching the video in this article or reading other materials in this section.

Owners of summer cottages and capital private houses are always concerned about connecting all necessary communications to the house: water and sewerage.

Unfortunately, it is not always possible to connect to centralized networks of these communications, and people have to independently decide the issues of supplying their home with all these benefits, without which it is difficult to imagine modern life.

One of the main issues is the organization of water supply to the site. For most property owners, this is solved by drilling a water well within the local area.

It would seem, what is the problem? You just have to call any company that provides the relevant services, and the issue will be resolved. Yes, the problem will be solved, but the cost of solving it in different companies may vary significantly. And it depends on the materials used to construct the well, which will be offered to you by specialists from a particular company.

Therefore, first you need to understand what pipes are used when drilling wells, what advantages and disadvantages they have. And only then, having already understood your preferences, look for a suitable company.

If someone thinks that a well is just a hole in the ground from which water comes and there is nothing to understand, then he is deeply mistaken.

A well is a well-built narrow well of great depth in the ground, and water will not flow out of it just like that.

In order to be able to obtain your own water from the ground for many years, it is necessary to approach the issue of drilling a well with full responsibility, otherwise in subsequent periods you may encounter various unpleasant phenomena.

• crumbling of well walls;
• siltation of the well;
• release of sewage into drinking water.

Moreover, any of these phenomena leads to impossibility. In order to avoid all these problems, when constructing a water well, its walls are secured by inserting a pipe into a narrow well, forming the outer walls of the well and called “casing”.

• in one pipe, when the casing is also a production pipe;
• in two pipes, when the production pipe directly supplying water is located in a casing pipe of a larger diameter (this is done in cases where it is possible for contaminated water to penetrate into the aquifer from the overlying soil layers, as well as when quicksands are found during the study of the soil conditions of the site).

Most often, wells are drilled in one column, so the material of the pipes used for this must be taken seriously.

The main parameters of the casing pipe for a well are:

• diameter;
• a method of connecting pipe sections to each other as they are immersed;
• the material from which it is made.

The first two parameters can be left to the company that will drill your well, but the decision to use pipes made of a certain material is purely your prerogative.

It is this decision that will determine which company you choose to carry out the work, and how much it will cost you. The fact is that each specialized company has its own preferences for materials. It is unlikely that you will find one that can work with products made from any materials. Therefore, a decision on pipe material must be made “onshore”.

Materials recommended for casing pipes:

• tree;
• cast iron;
• asbestos cement;
• plastic;
• steel.

As for the first two varieties, you should not pay special attention to them for some reasons.

Main reasons:

• wood, being an absolutely harmless material for humans, even with special treatment does not have sufficient resistance to the effects of wet soil and strength;
• cast iron is too heavy and fragile, which makes it difficult to work with and does not guarantee the safety of the pipe even with slight soil movements.

There are three main options left, the features of which are worth exploring. To do this, consider the basic requirements for the casing pipe.

• it must maintain integrity and tightness for as long as possible while in the ground;
• the pipe material must be able to withstand the pressure of the soil and all its moving layers for a long time;
• the material must be safe for humans, that is, even with long-term use it should not affect the quality of water.

People have been using them for almost a hundred years.

And there are reasons for this:

• chemical neutrality of the material;
• its resistance to corrosion;
• practically unlimited service life;
• low cost of this type of product.

Moreover, the choice of this type of pipe is mainly influenced by the last consideration - low cost. True, some people complain about the harmfulness of asbestos fibers that supposedly get into the water. But there are no facts confirmed by research on this matter. In addition, these fibers are easily removed by a simple fine filter of water coming from a well.

But this type of pipes also has more significant disadvantages that limit their use for wells.

• the fragility of the material, which requires caution when working with it;
• low strength of asbestos cement, which forces an increase in the thickness of the pipe walls to achieve acceptable performance indicators.

Therefore, only a few well drilling companies undertake to work with such pipes. If we take into account the possibility of siltation of the well, to eliminate which it is necessary to work in the pipe with a drilling tool, then the use of a fragile asbestos-cement pipe generally loses its meaning.

The use of polymer pipes, including for the construction of wells, began relatively recently, so there are no reliable statistics on their use over a long period of time.

• pipes made of unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (UPVC);

All these products have the following advantages:

• they are cheap;
• are lightweight, which makes them easier to transport and install;
• do not release any harmful substances into the water;
• The tightness of the connections of such pipes is quite high.

There are also disadvantages that limit their use:

• relatively low strength;
• sensitivity to mechanical stress.

• when drilling in one pipe - only for shallow wells (no more than 50 m), provided that there are no quicksands and other aquifers in the upper layers of the soil;
• when drilling in two strings as a production pipe located inside a casing string made of stronger material.

This is a time-tested material for drilling wells.

The following types of steel pipes are used:

• made of stainless steel;
• galvanized pipes;
• enameled pipes.

The last three types of pipe are used only to reduce the likelihood of rust in the water obtained from the well.

But the appropriateness of such use is a big question:

• enameled pipes are so sensitive to mechanical stress that already during the assembly of the casing the enamel is almost always damaged, which causes the rapid development of corrosion;
• galvanized pipes are dangerous from the point of view of the appearance of zinc oxide in water, which is harmful to the human body;
• They also do not provide a guarantee against rust, like black steel pipes.

And if we assume that all three types of pipes are much more expensive than conventional steel products, then their use is extremely limited.

Thus, conventional steel pipes are most often used, which have advantages over products made from all other materials.

• the ability to maintain integrity for a sufficiently long time (at least 50 years), being in unfavorable conditions;
• sufficient strength to withstand ground movements;
• resistance to damage during drilling a well and working with drilling tools in case of siltation.

The only drawback of steel products is their high cost, so steel pipes are more often used for casing deep wells when the use of pipes made of other materials is impossible. Although, if you want to get a “long-lasting” well, then the use of steel pipes is quite justified.

Whatever pipe material you choose for yourself, make sure that the pipes themselves are pressure. That is, their walls must withstand high both internal and external pressure. The cost of pressure pipes is higher, but their service life is much longer. Cheaper free-flow pipes cannot be used for constructing wells.

An important stage in arranging an autonomous water supply system for a home and bathhouse is the selection and installation of casing. To ensure reliable strengthening of the walls of a hydraulic structure, increasing the operational life and improving the quality of produced water, a casing pipe is used for a well. Next, we will consider how to determine the size of a pipe for installation in a private well and what material to choose to ensure the durability of the casing.

Definition and purpose of casing

First you need to determine what a casing pipe is and what functions are assigned to it.

The casing is a special pipe with a reinforced casing designed to strengthen the internal structure of the well. Often, several functional elements are installed in a deep well, which are hermetically connected to each other, forming a single casing.

In this case, the thickness of the walls of the casing is determined by the material of manufacture and the type of hydraulic structure in which it is installed.

Products made of metal and concrete have a larger diameter, length and wall thickness than products made of plastic. The end of one pipe is equipped with a coupling to create a tight connection between the two elements. The second is equipped with a ring to reliably protect the thread from damage.

Well casing elements have the following dimensions:

• Length - from 3 to 13 meters, with the standard value being 8 meters.
• Inner diameter - from 6.5 to 42.5 cm, outer diameter - from 8 to 45 cm.
• Wall thickness is from 5 to 16 mm, the standard is 12 mm.
• Strength class for metal products.

Well casing pipes are designed to perform the following functions:

1. Ensure the integrity of the water intake point structure throughout its entire operational life. The products have increased strength, inertness to deformation, damage and ground shifts.
2. Ensure complete sealing of the casing to prevent groundwater from seeping into the hydraulic structure and possible contamination of the source.
3. Contain potable water from clean aquifers in casing.
4. Protect the hydraulic structure from increased soil pressure.
5. Protect the installed pumping equipment inside the column from possible contamination.

Important! To ensure reliable sealing of the casing pipes among themselves, it is recommended to choose a threaded connection method.

Types of pipes for casing wells

It seems that when choosing casing pipes, only performance is important. In fact, the reliability and durability of a well depends not only on the diameter and length of the products, but also on the material used to make them.

There are the following types of casing pipes for installation in water wells:

• plastic;
• metal;
• asbestos-cement;
• wooden.

It is difficult to give a definite answer to the question of which pipes are best suited for casing wells. The correct choice of element is determined by operating and climatic conditions, productivity and diameter of the water intake point, and technical indicators of pumping equipment.

Metal casing pipes

Products for casing are:

• cast iron;
• steel;
• enameled;
• made of stainless steel;
• galvanized.

Steel products are the most popular and practical option for arranging a casing. They meet all technical and operational requirements that apply to such elements. Steel products are used to organize artesian wells when drilling is carried out in limestone or sandy soil.

The main advantages of the products include:

• High strength and wear resistance to damage and deformation.
• The presence of a threaded connection to create a sealed structure.
• The service life of products with a wall thickness of 6 mm reaches 50 years.
• Possibility of cleaning the well with a drilling tool when the bottom is silted.
• Uninterrupted supply of drinking water throughout the entire life of the structure.

The disadvantages of steel elements include the following:

• Susceptibility to corrosion and rusty sediment in water.
• Difficulty in self-installation due to the significant weight of thick-walled products.
• High cost of consumables.

In addition to steel pipes, enameled, galvanized and stainless steel models are used.

Casing products with an enameled surface are susceptible to corrosion, which occurs when the enamel is deformed or damaged.

Galvanized structures have a long service life, but are prone to contamination of the water source with zinc oxide.

Asbestos cement casing pipes

Due to its low cost and resistance to the aggressive effects of salts and chemical elements, asbestos-cement products have long been used for the construction of various hydraulic structures.

The main advantages of the material include:

• Resistance to corrosion.
• Affordable price.
• Safety and practicality of use.
• Long service life - up to 65 years.

Despite a number of advantages, asbestos-cement lining has significant disadvantages:

• The difficulty of carrying out installation work is the need to use expensive lifting equipment.
• Increased fragility of the material.
• No threaded connection. The individual elements are fixed end-to-end, which does not guarantee complete sealing of the structure.
• Difficult to maintain and clean. The high porosity of the concrete base leads to the rapid accumulation of contaminants in the walls of the column. Regular cleaning of the surface requires complete drainage of the well.

Important! Asbestos cement is not used for constructing an artesian well in limestone soil.

Plastic casing pipes

Plastic pipes for wells have seriously competed with traditional steel and concrete structures. They are made of PVC, polypropylene and ND polyethylene.

Plastic pipe has the following advantages:

• Long service life of the material.
• Resistance to the negative effects of salts and chemical elements.
• Resistance to corrosion.
• Simple and affordable installation that you can do yourself.
• High tightness of the structure due to the threaded connection.
• Light weight of elements.
• Affordable price of material.

In plastic products, drinking water does not change its chemical composition; In addition, pathogenic microorganisms do not develop in it.

Important! Casing is used when constructing wells in sandy soils, the depth of which does not exceed 55 meters. In addition, such structures are suitable for the construction of filter columns.

Disadvantages include susceptibility to damage, deformation and low temperature conditions.

Calculation of pipe diameter for casing

The productivity of the well depends on the correctly selected pipe diameter. The larger the casing size, the higher the flow rate of the water source. To do this, water consumption at peak loads is determined. According to the standards, water consumption in 1 hour is 0.7 cubic meters. m., while it can be used for domestic and economic needs.

The type, size and performance of the pumping equipment are taken into account when determining the appropriate casing diameter.

For example, the peak flow rate is 4 cubic meters per unit of time. With this value, it is recommended to use equipment with a diameter of up to 8 cm.

5 mm (distance from the pump to the casing walls) and 5 mm (casing wall thickness) are added to the diameter of the pumping equipment. To determine the internal diameter of pipes, the following formula is used:

D (internal) = d (filled) + 10 mm, where

D (internal) – value of the internal diameter of the casing element;

D (pop.) – the value of the diameter of the pumping equipment.

For example: for a pump measuring 90 mm, the internal diameter value is 90 + 10 = 100 mm. Taking into account the wall thickness (5 mm), the calculated value of the pipe diameter is: 100 + 5×2 = 110 mm.

Casing elements correspond to the following standard sizes (mm): 89, 108, 114, 127, 133.

Well casing device

The casing for a hydraulic structure has a special structure consisting of the following elements:

1. Initial filter for purifying drinking water from clay and sandy elements. For production, stainless mesh or wire is used.
2. A bottom filter made of gravel to protect the water intake point from groundwater and contaminants coming from the lower layers.
3. Sealed cap to protect the well from the adverse effects of external factors.

The huge range of rolled pipes presented on the construction market allows you to choose high-quality, reliable and durable material that will ensure a long service life of the hydraulic structure.