One of important factors energy saving in a room is the correct glazing, since a lot of heat can be lost through the windows, and a significant share of the losses comes from infrared radiation. Convective heat loss through a window can be reduced by increasing the number of glasses and chambers in the package and installing a warm dividing frame, and infrared radiation can be kept indoors thanks to the heat-reflecting glass coating.
If sufficient thermal insulation is not provided in the edge zones of double-glazed windows, the window freezes, becomes covered with frost, and leaves the room through it. warm air, and cold gets inside. When traditional aluminum dividing frames are used in the construction of double-glazed windows, this problem occurs quite often.
Frames from of stainless steel improve the thermal properties of the glass unit. But the best thermal insulation properties are possessed by the so-called warm frames of the warm edge system, for the manufacture of which fiberglass, plastic, silicone and similar polymer materials are used.
Read about other types of spacers.
The material of warm frames is durable and does not lose performance characteristics under the influence of sunlight, is not afraid of humidity. The thermal conductivity of warm frames is significantly lower than that of aluminum frames, therefore, the thermal insulation characteristics are higher. In practice, double-glazed windows with a warm frame (warm edge) have the following advantages over windows with an aluminum separating frame:
- V winter time the temperature of the window edge zones increases by 5-6%;
- the formation of condensation, mold, and frost in winter is prevented;
- there are no places in the design that are vulnerable to the penetration of cold from the outside;
- heat loss through the window is reduced, the heat transfer coefficient into the room reaches 70%.
Heat-reflective glass coating
Even a single-chamber package of two glasses retains heat well in the room if it is applied to the glass. It is almost transparent, permeable to rays of the visible spectrum (the light transmission of an energy-saving window with a heat-reflecting coating is only 4-5% lower than usual).
The essence of a heat-reflecting (low-emissivity) coating in selective bandwidth. It transmits solar energy (short-wave energy) well into the room, and retains long-wave energy released by heating devices and obtained as a result of solar conversion in the room. Heat losses are reduced, cold zones in the window area disappear, the draft effect is eliminated, and the likelihood of condensation formation is reduced, since the glass warms up well.
Back in the USSR, a technology for applying a three-layer coating was developed: the reflective layer is located between the buffer and protective ones. Silver, silver and copper are used for reflective, and aluminum, tin, titanium are used for buffer and protective. The coating using this technology is applied to clean glass by vacuum sputtering; sputtering can be arc or magnetron. Today, heat-reflecting coatings are divided into “soft” and “hard”, or I-glass and K-glass.
- The technology for applying a soft coating is simpler, the method of cathode sputtering in a vacuum is used, the coating is two-layer, the silver layer serves directly to reflect infrared rays, and the titanium oxide layer is protective.
- The hard coating is applied by pyrolysis directly during the glass production process, at a time when it is hot and has not yet cooled down. The peculiarity of K-glass is that metal particles penetrate into the crystalline structure of the glass, metallized heat reflective film covered with thin protective layer glass
The adhesion and resistance to damage of a hard coating is higher, but the actual heat-reflecting characteristics of a soft coating are better, and it applies more evenly. In addition, the technology of its application is preferable from the point of view of its environmental impact. Hard heat-reflecting coating is losing popularity these days, since the process of applying it is very labor-intensive, which affects the cost of such glasses and double-glazed windows with them. I-glass is more affordable, but less durable; the coating has low chemical resistance.
The properties of heat-saving film allow energy-saving windows to winter period keep the room warm and reduce heating costs. In summer, they prevent overheating of the room, creating a comfortable and favorable microclimate in it.
Double-glazed windows with a heat-reflecting coating are more expensive than regular ones, but are more economical due to the ability to reduce the number of cameras when choosing a double-glazed window and save on heating after installation. This technology allows you to use fewer glasses - single-chamber double-glazed window with heat-reflecting glass, the heat-insulating characteristics are superior to two-chamber glass without spraying. This perfect solution for conditions that do not allow the use of massive double-glazed windows and solve the problem of heat conservation by increasing the thickness of the glass and the number of chambers.
There is another manufacturing technology energy saving windows, which has not yet become widespread due to its high cost, but is characterized by exceptional energy efficiency. This is a so-called electrically heated double-glazed window made of tempered K-glass with conductive tracks, it is connected to the power supply and used as a heating element. Such double-glazed windows can be installed in unheated rooms.
Sliding warm glazing
Sliding glazing is often used on balconies and loggias, as well as on verandas, allowing for the most efficient use of the available space. In this case, the frames do not swing open, but move relative to each other. Such glazing can be cold (aluminum) and warm (using plastic profile). If the glazed room is planned to be heated and used as a living space, you cannot do without it, although it is more expensive.
Sliding systems based on aluminum profile They can also have a thermal insert; such systems can be used for warm glazing and are not inferior in energy efficiency to plastic double-glazed windows.
One of best solutions for warm sliding glazing – PVC system SLIDORS (Sliders). These systems are made of PVC profiles with galvanized reinforcement inside; double-glazed windows use a double seal with a special insert. Double-glazed windows combine high strength with excellent heat and sound insulation characteristics, are waterproof, and thanks to the high rail can be used in any weather. Sliding systems based on PVC profiles are more affordable than swing systems.
For warm sliding glazing, you can use the KBE PremiLine system, provided that energy-saving double-glazed windows are installed. The LG Hausys system with 18 mm thick glass units is also used for warm sliding glazing.
Panoramic warm glazing
good because it lets maximum light into the room. On the other hand, an increase in glazing area can lead to an increase in heat loss in winter. Therefore it is important to use for warm panoramic glazing not single glasses, but double-glazed windows, and with the best heat-insulating characteristics. For these purposes, it is worth choosing double-glazed windows with chambers filled with argon, low-emission glass coating and a warm separating frame.
For warm panoramic glazing, it is preferable not to massive PVC packages, but to lighter double-glazed windows based on an aluminum profile with a plastic thermal insert. SunFlex designs (Germany) are ideal; this is a folding system that allows you to glaze openings of various configurations up to 3.5 m in height and provide threshold-free glazing. The design is characterized by low thermal conductivity and high noise insulation properties; each leaf has a double sealing circuit. The system can be aluminum or wood-aluminium, and has aesthetic appeal.
The heat-saving characteristics of a window depend on a number of parameters - the thickness and number of glasses, the thickness of the chambers and their filling, the material of the dividing frame, the presence of a heat-reflecting coating and the technology of its application. The heat-saving properties of the window are increased by filling the chambers with argon, using a polymer dividing frame, and low-emissivity spraying on the glass. The most effective windows are those that combine several heat-saving parameters.
To produce energy-efficient windows from the ISOLUX company, manufacturers can order heat-saving ClimaGuard ® double-glazed windows 4 mm thick with a silver-based protective layer, as well as packages with I-glass 4 and 6 mm. Both are filled with argon.
Advantages of heat-saving double-glazed windows
Durability and reliabilityWindow systems with heat-protective double-glazed windows are lighter and place less load on the fittings, extending their service life. Low-emissivity spraying is maintained throughout the entire life of the system.
Effective thermal protection in winterThe design insulates heat much better than the standard one, although it weighs less. A package with one chamber made of two energy-efficient glasses is 1.5 times lighter than a standard one and retains 25% more heat in the room.
Comfortable microclimate in summerIn the summer heat, the bags reflect heat waves outward and keep the room pleasantly cool.
Heat in the room is provided by two sources. The first is solar radiation entering the windows from the outside - ultraviolet, visible light and short infrared waves; the second is heated objects and heating devices in the room, from which long infrared waves emanate. Helps prevent heat loss I-glass with low-emissivity coating, reflecting infrared radiation into the room. Ion-coated glass is installed first so that the coating is located inside the glass unit. Silver ions on the surface of the thermally efficient package create a mirror effect. In contact with heat waves from heating devices, they direct the radiation back. As a result, heating intensity can be reduced by up to 50%.
Energy packagesClimaGuard®Solar multifunctional. They solve two problems: in winter they retain heat in the room and in summer they protect the room from the sun. One layer of their coating reflects heat waves from heated surfaces into the room, the other retains up to 60% of solar energy. Silver coating does not affect the transparency and optical properties of glass, helps save on heat supply, and eliminates fogging of windows.
Application and prices for heat-saving double-glazed windows
We offer affordable designs High Quality. All of them are certified and meet the requirements of GOST. Thermal packages are popular in glazing:
- cottages,
- city apartments,
- shopping and business centers,
- medical institutions.
The cost of such products depends on the choice of their modification - with I-glass or multifunctional ClimaGuard ®, on the area of glass filling, and the thickness of the glass. The energy-saving glass package quickly pays for itself - it saves up to 40% more heat compared to its standard counterpart.
It is important for a person who has decided to install PVC windows to determine what exactly he wants to get from installing these windows: simply install a modern beautiful window or protect your home from noise, cold and solar overheating.
If you chose the second, then the best option is the installation of windows with energy-saving glass.
What is heat-saving (energy-saving) glass? These are glasses on which special ultra-thin, completely transparent low-emission coatings are applied. Low-emission coatings transmit short-wave radiation and do not transmit long-wave radiation. In other words, they pass well sunlight inside the room and do not allow heat emanating from heating devices to pass through well, as a result of which warm air remains in the room and does not escape through the glass to the outside. This significantly reduces the cost of heating the room and saves significant money.
Energy-saving glass, according to its technology and efficiency, is divided into K-glass and I-glass.
1. K-glass is produced using pyrolytic technology with a durable hard coating (metallic). The technology for producing K-glass involves applying a coating to the glass during its manufacturing process. Metal oxides are sprayed onto the glass at a temperature of about 600 degrees. With such high temperature Metal oxides penetrate into the glass structure itself, becoming one with the glass.
In appearance, K-glass has no differences from ordinary glass.
K-glass significantly reduces heat loss. It transmits shortwave solar energy into the room and does not allow long-wave heat radiation from heating devices to pass out. The disadvantages of K-glass include its lower efficiency compared to I-glass and its high price.
K-glass can be tempered and laminated. Glass is tempered by chemical or thermal treatment, therefore the strength of the glass increases various kinds shocks and temperature changes. Laminated glass is two or more glasses connected to each other by a special film or a special liquid.
2. I-glass is produced using magnetor technology with a soft coating. This technology consists of applying electromagnetic sputtering to glass tiny particles metal oxides in a vacuum environment.
The disadvantage of I-glass is its abrasive fragility, which affects transportation and storage. After opening the package, such glass must be installed immediately, so mainly specialized companies work with such glass. But thermal insulation properties I-glass is much higher than K-glass, and its price is lower.
Main misconceptions about heat-saving glass:
1. Heat-saving glasses have a short service life.
Not true. The heat-saving coating cannot be damaged during operation of the window, since it is located inside a sealed glass unit. Its service life is equal to the service life of the window.
2. Heat-saving glass does not transmit ultraviolet light.
Not true. PVB film, which is glued to windows, does not transmit ultraviolet radiation.
3. Heat-saving glass has a bad effect on indoor plants.
Not true. Plants need visible light, and heat-saving glass allows sunlight to pass through perfectly and, in addition, creates a microclimate that is so necessary for indoor plants.
4. Heat-saving glass will make it hotter in summer.
Not true. Through heat-saving glass, the room heats up 12% less in summer than through conventional glass.
Premium German brand on the Russian market since 1995. With us you get real German quality from a company with a 48-year history around the world.
- ALL profile systems top class "A"
- ALL are made frost-resistant and marked with the letter “M”
- ALL have maximum 4-sided steel reinforcement
- Uniform quality standard regardless of country of production
The more air chambers, the less air exchange and, accordingly, the higher the thermal insulation.
The wider the profile and the greater the installation depth, the higher the thermal insulation.
Profiles ONLY of the highest class “A”
According to the thickness of the internal walls, ALL our profiles are upper class“A” - the thickness of their front wall is at least 3 mm.
- class “A”: front wall not less than 3.0 mm
- class “B”: front wall not less than 2.5 mm
- class “C”: wall thickness is not standardized
Please note that 80-90% Russian market these are classes “B” and “C” and only 10-20% of class “A” profiles. At the same time, in our assortment VEKA profiles Class "A" ONLY.
We fundamentally DO NOT use profile systems of classes “B” and “C” (with a front wall width of less than 3.0 mm).
ONLY frost-resistant profiles
According to GOST 30673-99 “PVC profiles for window and door units” for resistance to climatic influences, ALL of our profiles are “frost-resistant” - for areas with an AVERAGE monthly air temperature in January BELOW minus 20°C.
GOST standards for different classes:
- normal version "N": average temperature in January - minus 20°С and above
- frost-resistant version “M”: the average temperature in January is lower than minus 20°C
Our assortment includes ONLY frost-resistant profile systems marked with the letter “M”.
Heat transfer resistance (thermal thermal resistance) is the main thermal insulation coefficient. Determined by the ratio of the temperature difference between outside and inside the room to heat flow passing through the window. The higher this number, the better efficiency thermal insulation.
Evolutionary double-glazed windows SmartGlass 2.0
Our multifunctional double-glazed windows work for you both in winter and summer. In winter, spraying silver particles retains up to 90% of the thermal energy of heating devices, and in summer, a double-glazed window reflects 25% more solar heat than usual plastic windows.
- 42% more HEAT in winter (energy saving properties)
- 25% less HEAT in summer (sun protection properties)
All our double-glazed windows contain special energy-efficient glass. We DO NOT use regular glass even in the most basic configurations.
AirDrive I, II and III climate control systems
Optimal ventilation mechanisms are built into the windows - the sashes open slightly by 1-5 mm, depending on the selected mode. Is not external devices(combs or valves), namely BUILT-IN ventilation fittings.
Three options:
- AirDrive I: slot ventilation (1 mode)
- AirDrive II: discrete multi-stage ventilation (3 modes)
- AirDrive III: discrete multi-stage ventilation (5 modes)
We try not to put combs because of them appearance(only at your request). In principle, we do not use valves due to the fact that they violate the integrity of the window, reduce its tightness and strength (since the profile and its reinforcement are drilled through).
From the article you will learn:
The rational use of natural resources is very important today all over the world, therefore the introduction of heat-saving technologies has great importance. Energy-saving devices and energy-efficient materials used in the design of houses and apartments can significantly reduce the consumption of energy sources such as gas and electricity, which saves the family budget.
Energy-saving technology can be used both in construction and renovation. You can even modernize a house that was not originally designed for such technologies. For example, a competent window design can reduce heat loss several times, and considering that the glazing area can reach 20–30% of the room area, and heat loss through light-transmitting structures can be up to 40% of all heat loss in a house, the benefits of using heat-saving windows are obvious .
Over the past half century, the window industry has made huge strides forward. The first windows were simple wooden frame with one, rarely two layers of glass - their thermal conductivity was high, they were susceptible to drying out, rotting and subsequently required additional insulation. Double glazing provided better protection from the cold; the air gap between the glasses reduced thermal conductivity by almost half, but this design was still far from ideal.
Further development led to the emergence of multi-chamber sealed packages filled, as a rule, with argon or krypton. Such windows not only provided excellent protection from the cold, but also better resisted heat leakage from the room.
From the point of view of the laws of physics, the operation of a heat-saving window can be explained as follows. In nature, heat can spread in the following ways: conduction, convection and radiation. When window frame the main heat losses occur through thermal conductivity and convection - cold air from the street cools the glass, and it already cools the air in the room. An emissive layer 5–7 mm thick appears on the surface of the glass. Therefore, it is necessary to eliminate or reduce the influence of air in the heat exchange between the glasses.
For this purpose, a multi-chamber double-glazed window design and filling of voids with inert gas are used. Argon has a lower molecular speed than air, so the speed of heat propagation from wall to wall will also be lower. The distance between the glasses should also not be less than 15 mm in order to exclude emissive heat losses; in this case, one of the glasses may have special coating made of silver oxide to reduce thermal radiation, while allowing sunlight to pass through unhindered. It is also important to use high-quality window seals that do not lose their properties over time. Such windows are considered to be heat-saving. More often they are made of PVC (mass production), less often of wood (premium segment).
What types of heat-saving double-glazed windows are there?
The most effective and common are windows with two or more chambers; the distance between the panes is different for greater heat savings. The glass used must also have a number of requirements: thickness - 4 mm; a thin layer of metal oxide can be applied to one surface, preventing the penetration of ultraviolet radiation, but transmitting infrared light. In this case, heat from the room is retained by this layer and returned back.
Depending on the application technology, two types of glass are distinguished:
- I-glass, soft covering provides the necessary level of protection and thermal conductivity, but the service life of such glasses is limited - no more than 10 years, which can be a significant drawback in certain conditions;
- K-glass, the thermal protection coefficient is one and a half times lower, but the service life, due to the harder coating, can reach several decades.
Such glasses perform well in winter, significantly reducing heat loss, but in summer time To reduce heat, it is necessary to use additional technology. It's about about reflective glasses that reflect Sun rays and preventing objects from heating up in the room. You can use regular tinting, but such glass will get very hot and distort sunlight, although the heating will undoubtedly decrease. For achievement maximum effect follows that combine all these technologies.
The advantages of such heat-saving windows are obvious:
- 100% UV protection;
- high thermal insulation and the ability to return up to 90% of heat to the room;
- absence of fogging and maintaining an optimal indoor microclimate;
- reduction of costs for air conditioning and heating of premises;
- Reducing the weight of the entire glass unit structure by up to 1.5 times, while increasing the service life of the fittings.
With such designs, the apartment will be warm in winter and cool in summer.