How to make a ceiling, from what and in what way? Anyone who is planning to renovate their apartment ponders these questions. It will be easier to make a decision if you know all the main points of installing different types of ceilings.

Which ceiling to choose

There are not so many options for ceiling installation that it is difficult to understand them. and today they are considered in extreme cases, but these methods of finishing the ceiling are still relevant. Although they are preferred less and less for the improvement of residential premises.

The point is not that such finishing is simple, but that it requires a whole range of labor-intensive and time-consuming work, including:

• removal of the old facing layer;
• preparing the base ceiling;
• its alignment.

Each of the listed stages includes a whole range of actions, most of which can only be performed efficiently by professionals. Therefore, modern methods of constructing a ceiling from modern materials are very popular.

In particular, ceilings today are made from:

• drywall;
• tension films;
• plastic panels, slats, lining;
• aluminum slats;
• textured wallpaper;
• decorative plaster;
• flat and embossed glass.

Important! Lighting devices play an important role in the design of ceilings. The widest selection of surface-mounted and recessed spotlights allows you to create surfaces of masterpiece beauty. And all this beauty is not as expensive as it might seem at first glance.

For any type of finishing materials and lighting fixtures, there are more and less expensive product options. All of them are reliable in operation and aesthetically attractive. Therefore, you can choose the material and device in accordance with your financial capabilities.

Design features of modern ceilings

Modern trends in the construction and design of ceilings are aimed at minimizing labor costs and obtaining maximum aesthetic effect. Therefore, almost all beautiful ceilings are suspended structures, behind which you can hide the imperfections of the base surface, wiring and communications. This significantly reduces repair time and makes it possible to save money, since there is no need to purchase materials for puttying and leveling the base floor.

The most popular types of suspended structures are:

• tension;
• plasterboard;
• rack and pinion;
• glass.

The principles of the frame structure are the same for each of these types of ceilings.

The basic requirements for retaining structures are as follows:

• strength;
• ability to withstand design weight loads;
• environmental Safety;
• fire safety;
• moisture resistance.

In accordance with these criteria, the most reliable materials are selected for constructing the frames of suspended structures - aluminum, high-strength plastic, well-dried wood and metal treated with fire-retardant compounds. For the installation of plastic ceilings, there are frame systems, the elements of which are made of more durable plastic.

In order to understand how to make a ceiling, you need to know that there are two main stages of work in this plan: rough (pre-finishing) finishing and finishing. The first is necessary if the surface is being prepared for whitewashing, painting or wallpapering. When constructing suspended structures, the pre-finishing stage of work is ignored. But instead, they are constructing a frame (sheathing).

How to properly stick wallpaper on the ceiling

The range of ceiling wallpapers is wide. Choosing the best material for a particular case is complicated by a lack of understanding of the characteristics of different types of products.

In any finishing materials store you can see the following wallpapers:

• vinyl;
• non-woven;
• paper;
• glass wallpaper;
• textile;
• photo wallpaper.

There are no difficulties with paper and photo wallpapers, since everyone knows how to glue paper and what it is. But if you like non-woven, glass, vinyl or textile wallpapers, several questions immediately arise: what are their features, how to stick them, how to care for them, how long will they last? Some of these questions can be answered in the instructions of the manufacturers of adhesive mixtures intended for gluing this type of wallpaper. But there is no information about the features and rules of care.

It's actually not that complicated. Before you go to the store, there are a few things to remember.

Table. Features and characteristics of various types of wallpaper.

Type of wallpaper	Features and Specifications
	The composition of non-woven wallpaper includes cellulose fibers (more than 70% of the total volume of components), which is a natural and environmentally friendly material. Thanks to it, the canvases are strong and thick enough to hide significant surface imperfections and reinforce small defects. Therefore, such wallpapers are the best choice for those who do not want to carry out the entire range of work on pre-finishing the ceiling. The base that holds the cellulose is non-woven fabric. This is an elastic and sufficiently moisture-resistant material, which determines the main properties of this wallpaper.
	Vinyl wallpaper got its name due to the characteristics of the top (front) layer. It is made of vinyl - a durable and malleable material that allows you to obtain a structured surface with a pronounced relief. The base of such wallpaper (backing) can be paper or non-woven. Vinyl offers a wide choice of designs. Therefore, in this type of wallpaper there are products with embossing, silk-screen printing, interspersed with various sparkles and crystals.
	The fiberglass is based on sand, soda, dolomite and lime. These fabrics are woven on equipment designed for this purpose from yarn obtained using a special technology. Fiberglass is an environmentally friendly and completely non-flammable material. They are easy to clean and stick even to difficult surfaces. The textured front side allows you to disguise small flaws in the base ceiling.
	For textile wallpaper, only the top, front layer is fabric. The bottom one can be made of paper or non-woven fabric. This parameter determines what kind of glue you need to buy for finishing the ceiling with fabric sheets. Textile wallpaper is one of the most spectacular and stylish. The front layer can be made of velor, jute, cotton, linen, and synthetic fibers. This type of wallpaper has good sound absorption, vapor permeability and thermal conductivity.

Technique for gluing different types of wallpaper to the ceiling

When wallpapering a ceiling, take into account one rule that is unchanged for all types of this material: if the base surface is quite loose and unstable (for example, crumbling lime or plaster), it must be cleaned, strengthened (puttyed) and primed.

The next step is choosing glue. To securely fix the wallpaper, you need a composition that takes into account the characteristics of the lower layer of the canvas. There is no difficulty in choosing glue: each manufacturer indicates on the packaging what type of product its product is intended for.

Choose any method of applying glue: using a paint brush or a roller with a long or short handle. If you decide to use the latter, you will need a tray or piece of thick cardboard on which to roll the roller, squeezing it out and removing excess glue. Otherwise, dripping from the ceiling is inevitable.

In most cases, applying adhesive to the base surface is sufficient. But when gluing dense and thick canvases (non-woven fabric, glass wallpaper, textured vinyl), it is recommended to apply glue to the reverse side of the canvases.

While working, you need to adhere to several rules:

• perform wallpapering at positive air temperatures;
• prevent drafts from appearing in the room;
• carefully remove excess glue and air bubbles that form under the wallpaper during gluing to the ceiling.

How to make a ceiling in a private house

Decorating a ceiling in a private house is no different from a similar process in an apartment. But the underlying reasons often differ significantly. In apartment buildings, the floors are concrete, which determines the features of pre-finishing. For example, if you need to remove old paint, you can use the burning method.

In a private house, the floors are in most cases wooden. They are much more difficult, for example, to plaster. Many experts consider this idea pointless and unwise for finishing natural surfaces. But if you really want, you can attach a special plaster mesh to the ceiling and apply a layer of finishing to it. This is exactly what most owners of private houses did not so long ago.

But modern realities dictate their own conditions - a plastered ceiling in a private house is no longer so attractive and presentable. Interior design trends place an emphasis on naturalness and naturalness. Therefore, the ceilings in modern wooden houses are decorated with tinted beams, simultaneously zoning the rooms.

Wooden lining is ideal for decorating the upper floors of such buildings. This material can be coated with any paint and varnish. This finish will be in perfect harmony with the material of the walls and ceiling, which will create an environmentally friendly atmosphere in the house.

Important! In private houses, you can install any type of suspended structures: rack, plasterboard, tension. The choice of materials for decorating the ceiling depends on the purpose of the room and the style of its interior.

Features of installation of suspended plasterboard structures

To construct the frame on which the finishing material will be fixed, you can choose wooden blocks or metal profiles. Since drywall is heavy, the frame strips should be located at a distance of 50-60 cm from each other. This will ensure the strength and stability of the structure.

Before starting work, you need to draw up a diagram of the suspended ceiling, which should show the dimensions of each line and each figure (for multi-tiered structures). The ceiling is called suspended because it is located at some distance from the base surface and is held at a certain height with the help of special devices - suspensions. Particular attention must be paid to the fastening of these frame elements, since they bear the main load.

Sheathing with plasterboard is a simple but labor-intensive process. You need to know that there should be a distance of 2-3 mm between the sheets of this material. This is a damper gap, the function of which is to compensate for the movement of drywall.

The next stage after sheathing is puttying. Fiberglass mesh “serpyanka” is glued to the seams between the gypsum board sheets and the ends of the tiers, after which they begin to apply putty and its subsequent sanding.

The lining of a plasterboard ceiling can be different. The most common choice is painting and wallpapering. But you can apply liquid wallpaper or decorative plaster.

Drywall (gypsum plasterboard) and metal profiles are the main materials that are used to finish the ceiling using the method described in the article. They have a number of varieties, their choice depends on the specific needs of the owner of the house and the characteristics of the room. Read more.

Video - DIY plasterboard ceiling

Features of installation of suspended plastic ceilings

Since plastic is a lightweight material, its installation does not require a solid frame. Wooden blocks or metal profiles can be used as planks. But you can construct a frame from U-shaped planks and stringers included in the package of slatted ceilings. These are lightweight and fairly durable profiles that are perfect for rooms with high humidity.

The U-shaped profile is installed along the walls of the room at the level of the new ceiling. Stringers perform the function of longitudinal and transverse beams, supported by hangers attached to the base ceiling. That is, the principle of constructing the frame is the same as in the case of plasterboard suspended structures.

The method of fastening plastic panels depends on the material of the profiles. If these are plastic stringers, the facing slats are inserted into the openings intended for this purpose. If these are wooden blocks or metal profiles, the panels are secured using self-tapping screws.

Polyvinyl chloride is a material widely used in a variety of fields of activity; it also finds its application in construction. Installation here does not require high qualifications and expensive equipment, you just need to familiarize yourself with it.

Ceiling finishing with decorative plaster

Applying plaster to a ceiling is not an easy task. And the process of surface decoration significantly increases the labor intensity of the work. But all these difficulties are quickly forgotten when the desired result is achieved. The ceiling made of decorative plaster looks very impressive and presentable. Therefore, it is worth working hard to create such an aesthetically attractive surface.

What plaster to choose for ceiling decoration?

The finishing materials market offers two types of decorative plaster:

• structural;
• textured.

Both of these materials are suitable for decorating ceilings in residential premises. But for an easier choice, you need to know about the features of each of them. Structural decorative plaster is only white, so it needs to be tinted using any suitable compositions for this purpose - dyes, water-soluble pigments, tinting agents.

Textured plaster is a ready-to-use material with a specific color. The mixtures include all the components necessary to obtain a decorative layer. Therefore, it is easier to work with textured plaster for those who do not have experience in applying it to the ceiling.

You can choose any mixture:

• large-textured with grain with a diameter of 3-5 mm;
• with an average filler size (1.5-2 mm);
• with a fine texture (grain diameter no more than 0.5-1 mm);
• fine-textured (filler diameter less than 0.5 mm).

The technology for applying any of the above compounds is the same.

Based on the type of filler, the following types of plaster mixtures are distinguished:

• polymer;
• silicone;
• silicate;
• mineral.

The first ones are most convenient for decorating surfaces like marble or leather. Silicone ones come in a wide range of colors and have excellent vapor permeability. Silicate ones are known for their resistance to the formation of dirt, which is why they are optimal for decorating ceilings in kitchens and hallways. Mineral plasters are universal and can be used in any type of premises.

Silicate decorative plaster “bark beetle”

Preparatory work

Before applying the decorative composition, the ceiling surface must be prepared. If significant differences in heights and large flaws are found, level the surface. For this purpose, special mixtures (“Rotband”, “Fügenfüller”) and metal beacons (perforated narrow strips) are used. The method of leveling ceilings using plaster mixtures is called “wet”.

There is also a “dry” method. It consists of installing plasterboard sheets on the ceiling. In this case, you will need to build a wooden or metal frame. In the end it should work out. Plaster is applied to this surface from gypsum board sheets.

It is possible to level the base surface using a finishing material - decorative plaster. But in this case, the mixture consumption increases significantly. If the surface defects are significant, a fiberglass mesh will be required, which will act as a reinforcing material.

Primer selection

Before starting finishing work, a primer is selected and purchased. It will ensure high-quality adhesion. You can use the same means as when puttingtying gypsum plasterboard.

There are 4 types of primer compositions:

• alkyd;
• acrylic;
• polyurethane;
• silicone.

Important! Any of them is suitable for preparing the ceiling for applying decorative plaster. When choosing, it is important to pay attention to the properties of the composition. It is optimal if it has the ability to protect the surface from moisture and the formation of mold and mildew.

Universal primers include most of the products of the companies Knauf, Perfecta, and Starateli. Forbo Eurocol, Ceresit C17, and ALC-PRIMER primers are popular. Cover the ceiling with the solution using a paint brush, roller or spray gun. The choice of tool depends on the amount of work and ease of use in a particular case.

Technology of applying decorative plaster to the ceiling

Step 1. Preparatory stage. Before applying a new finishing layer, remove the old one. Dust the ceiling.

Step 2. Application of priming solution. Depending on the complexity of the base surface, the ceiling is covered in 1 or 2 layers. Wait for the primer to dry completely, focusing on the time interval specified by the manufacturer. On average, the break between applying each subsequent layer of primer is 3-4 hours.

Step 3. Preparing the batch. The dry mixture is diluted with water in the proportion specified by the manufacturer on the product packaging.

Step 4. Laying decorative plaster. To perform the work, use rubber, plastic, or metal spatulas. The first base layer may be the only one. It depends on the complexity of the ceiling surface and the need to level it.

The plaster is scooped onto a spatula with a wide blade and applied to the ceiling, evenly distributing the composition over its surface. The same tool is used to level and smooth the layer.

Step 5. Ceiling decoration. The plasticity and relatively long hardening period of decorative plasters makes it possible to create different types of textures on the ceiling surface - from relatively flat to embossed with protrusions up to 7-10 mm in height. The latter will help hide all the unevenness of the base surface.

Decoration of the plaster layer is carried out within 15-20 minutes after its application. If compositions with coarse or medium-grained filler are selected, this stage of work can be skipped. Such mixtures themselves form a surface with a pronounced texture.

In other cases, various techniques, objects and tools are used to decorate the ceiling. An impressive texture can be obtained using a regular plastic bag rolled into a ball. This device is used to touch wet plaster, leaving chaotically located grooves and dents on it. After which the ceiling is lightly smoothed with a grater or spatula.

Demonstration of obtaining the “bark beetle” effect of textured plaster

Important! Instead of a plastic bag, you can use paper, a foam sponge, a stencil, or a textured roller. The choice depends on what effect they are trying to achieve.

Video - Venetian decorative plaster on the ceiling

How to make a glass ceiling

Glass ceilings are an infrequent choice when decorating apartments and private houses. The relatively low popularity of this finishing method is explained by the apparent complexity of working with glass. In fact, everything is different: today you can buy special frames for installing glass panels. These structures are easy to install and are almost a complete analogue of the famous Armstrong ceilings.

Glass panels can be different:

• stained glass type;
• plain;
• matte;
• tinted;
• mirrored;
• with photo printing
• embossed.

Since the weight of the stele is quite large, the optimal panel sizes are within 29.5x29.5 cm and 59.5x59.5 cm. Such panels will not create a significant load on the frame. Evenly distributed weight can withstand not only metal, but also plastic sheathing.

Glass ceilings are good because they do not require preliminary preparation of the base surface. In addition, they have another advantage - the ability to create spectacular lighting.

Ready-made glass ceiling designs are offered by Albes (Russia) and Geipel (Germany). Manufacturers produce two types of frames - rack and cassette. The suspension system can be open or closed. In the first case, the load-bearing profiles are visible, in the second they are hidden behind the facing panels. Using T-24 or T-25 suspension systems, you can quickly install and dismantle a glass ceiling.

Table. Characteristics of the Albes and Geipel suspension systems.

• metal supporting profile;
• lock type - solid cut;
• type of connection of guide rails with supporting profiles - overlap;
• cell section is square;
• Dimensions of glass plates - 60x60 cm.

Glass ceiling installation technology

Installation of cassette ones is in many ways identical. Having dealt with one, it will not be difficult to install a frame of another type. Let's consider the technology of installing a glass ceiling using the example of the Albes suspended cassette system.

Step 1. Preparing to attach the guides. If any utility networks run along the ceiling line, all these communications must be strengthened.

Step 2. Determining the level of the Albes cassette ceiling. It is necessary to determine and mark the level at which the cassette ceiling frame will be installed. This can be done in several ways: using a bubble level and a water level, a plumb line and a chalk line. Any tools that allow you to get straight horizontal lines along the walls of the room will do.

Step 3. Installation around the perimeter of the room (along the marking lines) of the PL 19/24 guide profile.

1. Before attaching the profile, holes are drilled in the walls using a drill (perforator) and a drill bit with Victory tip.
2. After this, the recess is dust-free and a dowel-nail of the appropriate cross-section is driven into it.
3. Next, apply the profile to the wall and mark the installation points of the dowels on it.
4. Holes are drilled in the marked places in the profile.
5. The guides are attached to the walls using self-tapping screws.

Step 4. Marking of snap axes. Between the guides, from one wall to the other, strings (strong threads, thin ropes, twine) are pulled so that they repeat the diagram of a hanging cassette system with a square cross-section of cells.

Step 5. The intersection points of the stretched threads are projected onto the ceiling and these places are marked with a marker.

Step 6. Installation of hangers. At the marks, hangers are attached so that the distances from the walls are no more than 60 cm. This requirement applies to panels weighing up to 4 kg/m2. If the mass of glass slabs exceeds this value, the maximum distance from the walls should not exceed 45 cm.

Step 7 Installation of T-profiles. The guide profiles of the Albes suspension systems have special locking fasteners that ensure the strength of the frame and prevent it from sagging. The optimal choice is profiles with solid-cut locks.

Step 8 Laying glass panels. Glass slabs are inserted one by one into the mounted suspension system and placed on T-profile guides. No additional fastening of the plates is required.

If the glass ceiling is illuminated, electrical wiring is installed at the stage of preparing the base surface and attaching communications.

Video - Installation instructions for Armstrong type suspended ceiling

The huge variety of finishing materials that modern construction markets now offer sometimes only complicates our choice. It is difficult to decide what kind of ceiling to make in the room so that it is beautiful, original, and fits our budget.
And many people don’t even imagine that it is quite possible to achieve this using the most ordinary materials - you just need to imagine a little.

Finishing

Adherents of the classic, flat, single-level finish should know that it can also be done in an interesting way and with a twist. Take the same paint or wallpaper: it is not at all necessary that the surface be absolutely white.

Coloring

The times when ceilings were whitewashed with chalk or lime are long gone, and modern water-dispersion paints have a wide range of colors and gloss levels. So choosing the right shade for any interior will not be difficult.

So:

• In order for a painted ceiling to look interesting, you need to use some simple techniques in its decoration.
  Let's say you want to paint the walls too.
• In the photo above we show an excellent example of such finishing: in the interior of the room two primary colors were used, and two additional ones, but all in the same range.
• Since the height of the room is small, a lighter, beige shade was chosen for the ceiling. The darker wall has a small niche that serves as a decorative element, and is not only painted, but also plastered in a completely different way.

• You can go another way: paint the walls and ceiling the same color - the decoration of such an interior will be a wide stripe with a pattern applied using a stencil. This decoration visually adds height to the room, and is most often done in the bedroom, at the head of the bed.

Decorative elements on a painted surface

To diversify the interior, in which all surfaces are painted the same color, hollow ones with a small cross-section can be mounted on the ceiling. Naturally, they should provide a contrast to the painted surface.
If the height of the room allows, you can use more powerful, similar to load-bearing beams.

Decor with false beams

So:

• If you want the ceiling to be white, you can also decorate it with dignity, and do it yourself without any problems. There is an excellent material for such finishing - polyurethane. Or rather, various decorative elements made from it.

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Home » Ceiling

How to make a ceiling

How to make a ceiling, from what and in what way? Anyone who is planning to renovate their apartment ponders these questions. It will be easier to make a decision if you know all the main points of installing different types of ceilings.

Which ceiling to choose

There are not so many options for ceiling installation that it is difficult to understand them. Whitewashing and painting today are considered as a last resort, but these methods of finishing the ceiling are still relevant. Although they are preferred less and less for the improvement of residential premises.

The point is not that such finishing is simple, but that it requires a whole range of labor-intensive and time-consuming work, including:

• removal of the old facing layer;
• preparing the base ceiling;
• its alignment.

Each of the listed stages includes a whole range of actions, most of which can only be performed efficiently by professionals. Therefore, modern methods of constructing a ceiling from modern materials are very popular.

In particular, ceilings today are made from:

• drywall;
• stretch films or fabrics;
• plastic panels,
• slats, linings;
• aluminum slats;
• textured wallpaper;
• decorative plaster;
• flat and embossed glass.

Lighting devices play an important role in the design of ceilings. The widest selection of surface-mounted and recessed spotlights allows you to create surfaces of masterpiece beauty. And all this beauty is not as expensive as it might seem at first glance.

For any type of finishing materials and lighting fixtures, there are more and less expensive product options. All of them are reliable in operation and aesthetically attractive. Therefore, you can choose the material and device in accordance with your financial capabilities.

Design features of modern ceilings

Modern trends in the construction and design of ceilings are aimed at minimizing labor costs and obtaining maximum aesthetic effect. Therefore, almost all beautiful ceilings are suspended structures, behind which you can hide the imperfections of the base surface, wiring and communications.

This significantly reduces repair time and makes it possible to save money, since there is no need to purchase materials for puttying and leveling the base floor.

The most popular types of suspended structures are:

• tension;
• plasterboard;
• rack and pinion;
• glass.

The principles of the frame structure are the same for each of these types of ceilings.

The basic requirements for retaining structures are as follows:

• strength;
• ability to withstand design weight loads;
• environmental Safety;
• fire safety;
• moisture resistance.

In accordance with these criteria, the most reliable materials are selected for constructing the frames of suspended structures - aluminum, high-strength plastic, well-dried wood and metal treated with fire-retardant compounds.

For the installation of plastic ceilings, there are frame systems, the elements of which are made of more durable plastic.

In order to understand how to make a ceiling, you need to know that there are two main stages of work in this plan: rough (pre-finishing) finishing and finishing. The first is necessary if the surface is being prepared for whitewashing, painting or wallpapering. When constructing suspended structures, the pre-finishing stage of work is ignored. But instead, they are constructing a frame (sheathing).

How to properly stick wallpaper on the ceiling

The range of ceiling wallpapers is wide. Choosing the best material for a particular case is complicated by a lack of understanding of the characteristics of different types of products.

In any finishing materials store you can see the following wallpapers:

• vinyl;
• non-woven;
• paper;
• glass wallpaper;
• textile;
• photo wallpaper.

There are no difficulties with paper and photo wallpapers, since everyone knows how to glue paper and what it is. But if you like non-woven, glass, vinyl or textile wallpapers, several questions immediately arise: what are their features, how to stick them, how to care for them, how long will they last?

Some of these questions can be answered in the instructions of the manufacturers of adhesive mixtures intended for gluing this type of wallpaper. But there is no information about the features and rules of care.

It's actually not that complicated. Before you go to the store, there are a few things to remember.

Features and characteristics of various types of wallpaper.

Non-woven wallpaper

The composition of non-woven wallpaper includes cellulose fibers (more than 70% of the total volume of components), which is a natural and environmentally friendly material. Thanks to it, the canvases are strong and thick enough to hide significant surface imperfections and reinforce small defects.

Therefore, such wallpapers are the best choice for those who do not want to carry out the entire range of work on pre-finishing the ceiling. The base that holds the cellulose is non-woven fabric. This is an elastic and sufficiently moisture-resistant material, which determines the main properties of this wallpaper.

Vinyl wallpapers

They got their name because of the characteristics of the top (front) layer. It is made of vinyl - a durable and malleable material that allows you to obtain a structured surface with a pronounced relief.

The base of such wallpaper (backing) can be paper or non-woven. Vinyl offers a wide choice of designs. Therefore, in this type of wallpaper there are products with embossing, silk-screen printing, interspersed with various sparkles and crystals.

Glass wallpaper

The fiberglass is based on sand, soda, dolomite and lime. These fabrics are woven on equipment designed for this purpose from yarn obtained using a special technology.

Fiberglass is an environmentally friendly and completely non-flammable material. They are easy to clean and stick even to difficult surfaces. The textured front side allows you to disguise small flaws in the base ceiling.

Textile wallpaper

For textile wallpaper, only the top, front layer is fabric. The bottom one can be made of paper or non-woven fabric. This parameter determines what kind of glue you need to buy for finishing the ceiling with fabric sheets.

Textile wallpaper is one of the most spectacular and stylish. The front layer can be made of velor, jute, cotton, linen, and synthetic fibers. This type of wallpaper has good sound absorption, vapor permeability and thermal conductivity.

Technique for gluing different types of wallpaper to the ceiling

When wallpapering a ceiling, take into account one rule that is unchanged for all types of this material - if the base surface is quite loose and unstable (for example, crumbling lime or plaster), it must be cleaned, strengthened (puttyed) and primed.

The next step is choosing glue. To securely fix the wallpaper, you need a composition that takes into account the characteristics of the lower layer of the canvas. There is no difficulty in choosing glue: each manufacturer indicates on the packaging what type of product its product is intended for.

Choose any method of applying glue: using a paint brush or a roller with a long or short handle. If you decide to use the latter, you will need a tray or piece of thick cardboard on which to roll the roller, squeezing it out and removing excess glue. Otherwise, dripping from the ceiling is inevitable.

In most cases, applying adhesive to the base surface is sufficient. But when gluing dense and thick canvases (non-woven fabric, glass wallpaper, textured vinyl), it is recommended to apply glue to the reverse side of the canvases.

While working, you need to adhere to several rules:

• perform wallpapering at positive air temperatures;
• prevent drafts from appearing in the room;
• carefully remove excess glue and air bubbles that form under the wallpaper during gluing to the ceiling.

How to make a ceiling in a private house

Decorating a ceiling in a private house is no different from a similar process in an apartment. But the underlying reasons often differ significantly. In apartment buildings, the floors are concrete, which determines the features of pre-finishing. For example, if you need to remove old paint, you can use the burning method.

In a private house, the floors are in most cases wooden. They are much more difficult, for example, to plaster. Many experts consider this idea pointless and unwise for finishing natural surfaces. But if you really want, you can attach a special plaster mesh to the ceiling and apply a layer of finishing to it. This is exactly what most owners of private houses did not so long ago.

But modern realities dictate their own conditions - a plastered ceiling in a private house is no longer so attractive and presentable. Interior design trends place an emphasis on naturalness and naturalness. Therefore, the ceilings in modern wooden houses are decorated with tinted beams, simultaneously zoning the rooms.

Wooden lining is ideal for decorating the upper floors of such buildings. This material can be coated with any paint and varnish. This finish will be in perfect harmony with the material of the walls and ceiling, which will create an environmentally friendly atmosphere in the house.

In private houses, you can install any type of suspended structures: rack, plasterboard, tension. The choice of materials for decorating the ceiling depends on the purpose of the room and the style of its interior.

Features of installation of suspended plasterboard structures

To construct the frame on which the finishing material will be fixed, you can choose wooden blocks or metal profiles. Since drywall is heavy, the frame strips should be located at a distance of 50-60 cm from each other. This will ensure the strength and stability of the structure.

Before starting work, you need to draw up a diagram of the suspended ceiling, which should show the dimensions of each line and each figure (for multi-tiered structures).

The ceiling is called suspended because it is located at a certain distance from the base surface and is held at a certain height with the help of special devices - suspensions. Particular attention must be paid to the fastening of these frame elements, since they bear the main load.

Sheathing with plasterboard is a simple but labor-intensive process. You need to know that there should be a distance of 2-3 mm between the sheets of this material. This is a damper gap, the function of which is to compensate for the movement of drywall.

The next stage after sheathing is puttying. Fiberglass mesh “serpyanka” is glued to the seams between the gypsum board sheets and the ends of the tiers, after which they begin to apply putty and its subsequent sanding.

The lining of a plasterboard ceiling can be different. The most common choice is painting and wallpapering. But you can apply liquid wallpaper or decorative plaster.

Drywall (gypsum plasterboard) and metal profiles are the main materials that are used to finish the ceiling using the method described in the article. They have a number of varieties, their choice depends on the specific needs of the owner of the house and the characteristics of the room.

Features of installation of suspended plastic ceilings

Since plastic is a lightweight material, its installation does not require a solid frame. Wooden blocks or metal profiles can be used as planks. But you can construct a frame from U-shaped planks and stringers included in the package of slatted ceilings. These are lightweight and fairly durable profiles that are perfect for rooms with high humidity.

The U-shaped profile is installed along the walls of the room at the level of the new ceiling. Stringers perform the function of longitudinal and transverse beams, supported by hangers attached to the base ceiling. That is, the principle of constructing the frame is the same as in the case of plasterboard suspended structures.

The method of fastening plastic panels depends on the material of the profiles. If these are plastic stringers, the facing slats are inserted into the openings intended for this purpose. If these are wooden blocks or metal profiles, the panels are secured using self-tapping screws.

Bathroom ceiling made of plastic panels

Polyvinyl chloride is a material widely used in a variety of fields of activity; it also finds its application in construction. Installation here does not require high qualifications and expensive equipment; you just need to familiarize yourself with the algorithm for its implementation. And as mentioned above, the material’s properties are suitable for any room in the apartment. Therefore, installing plastic panels in the bathroom is the most advantageous finishing option.

Applying plaster to a ceiling is not an easy task. And the process of surface decoration significantly increases the labor intensity of the work. But all these difficulties are quickly forgotten when the desired result is achieved. The ceiling made of decorative plaster looks very impressive and presentable. Therefore, it is worth working hard to create such an aesthetically attractive surface.

What plaster to choose for ceiling decoration?

The finishing materials market offers two types of decorative plaster:

• structural;
• textured.

Both of these materials are suitable for decorating ceilings in residential premises. But for an easier choice, you need to know about the features of each of them.

Structural decorative plaster is only white, and therefore needs to be tinted using any suitable compositions for this purpose - dyes, water-soluble pigments, tinting agents.

Textured plaster is a ready-to-use material with a specific color. The mixtures include all the components necessary to obtain a decorative layer. Therefore, it is easier to work with textured plaster for those who do not have experience in applying it to the ceiling.

You can choose any mixture:

• large-textured with grain with a diameter of 3-5 mm; with an average filler size (1.5-2 mm);
• with a fine texture (grain diameter no more than 0.5-1 mm);
• fine-textured (filler diameter less than 0.5 mm).

The technology for applying any of the above compositions is almost the same.

Based on the type of filler, the following types of plaster mixtures are distinguished:

• polymer;
• silicone;
• silicate;
• mineral.

The first ones are most convenient for decorating surfaces like marble or leather. Silicone ones come in a wide range of colors and have excellent vapor permeability. Silicate ones are known for their resistance to the formation of dirt, which is why they are optimal for decorating ceilings in kitchens and hallways. Mineral plasters are universal and can be used in any type of premises.

Ceiling finishing with decorative plaster

Preparatory work

Before applying the decorative composition, the ceiling surface must be prepared. If significant differences in heights and large flaws are found, level the surface. For this purpose, special mixtures (“Rotband”, “Fügenfüller”) and metal beacons (perforated narrow strips) are used. The method of leveling ceilings using plaster mixtures is called “wet”.

There is also a “dry” method. It consists of installing plasterboard sheets on the ceiling. In this case, you will need to build a wooden or metal frame. The end result should be a single-level plasterboard ceiling. Plaster is applied to this surface from gypsum board sheets.

It is possible to level the base surface using a finishing material - decorative plaster itself. But in this case, the mixture consumption increases significantly. If the surface defects are significant, a fiberglass mesh will be required, which will act as a reinforcing material.

Primer selection

Before starting finishing work, a primer is selected and purchased. It will ensure high-quality adhesion of the decorative material to the base. You can use the same means as when puttingtying gypsum plasterboard.

There are 4 types of primer compositions:

• alkyd;
• acrylic;
• polyurethane;
• silicone.

Any of them is suitable for preparing the ceiling for applying decorative plaster. When choosing, it is important to pay attention to the properties of the composition. It is optimal if it has the ability to protect the surface from moisture and the formation of mold and mildew.

Universal primers include most of the products of the companies “Knauf”, “Perfecta”, “Starateli”. Forbo Eurocol, Ceresit C17, and ALC-PRIMER primers are popular.

Cover the ceiling with the solution using a paint brush, roller or spray gun. The choice of tool depends on the amount of work and ease of use in a particular case.

Technology of applying decorative plaster to the ceiling

Step 1, preparatory stage

Before applying a new finishing coat, remove the old one. Dust the ceiling.

Step 2, applying primer solution

Depending on the complexity of the base surface, cover the ceiling in 1 or 2 layers. Wait for the primer to dry completely, following the time interval specified by the manufacturer. On average, the break between applying each subsequent layer of primer is 3-4 hours.

Step 3, preparing the base material

Dilute the dry mixture with water in the proportion specified by the manufacturer on the product packaging.

Step 4, laying decorative plaster

To perform the work, use rubber, plastic, or metal spatulas. The first base layer may be the only one. It depends on the complexity of the ceiling surface and the need to level it.

Place the plaster on a spatula with a wide blade and apply it to the ceiling, evenly distributing the composition over its surface. Use the same tool to level and smooth the layer.

Step 5, decorating the ceiling

The plasticity and relatively long hardening period of decorative plasters makes it possible to create different types of textures on the ceiling surface - from relatively flat to embossed with protrusions up to 7-10 mm in height. The latter will help hide all the unevenness of the base surface.

Decorate the plaster layer within 15-20 minutes after its application. If compositions with coarse or medium-grained filler are selected, this stage of work can be skipped. Such mixtures themselves form a surface with a pronounced texture.

In other cases, use various techniques, objects and tools to finish the ceiling. An impressive texture can be obtained using a regular plastic bag rolled into a ball. This device is used to touch wet plaster, leaving chaotically located grooves and dents on it. Then lightly smooth the ceiling with a grater or spatula.

Instead of a plastic bag, you can use paper, a foam sponge, a stencil, or a textured roller. The choice depends on what effect they are trying to achieve.

How to make a glass ceiling

Glass ceilings are an infrequent choice when decorating apartments and private houses. The relatively low popularity of this finishing method is explained by the apparent complexity of working with glass.

In fact, everything is different: today you can buy special frames for installing glass panels. These structures are easy to install and are almost a complete analogue of the famous Armstrong ceilings.

Glass panels can be different:

• stained glass type;
• plain;
• matte;
• tinted;
• mirrored;
• with photo printing;
• embossed.

Since the weight of the stele is quite large, the optimal panel sizes are within 29.5x29.5 cm and 59.5x59.5 cm. Such panels will not create a significant load on the frame. Evenly distributed weight can withstand not only metal, but also plastic sheathing.

Glass ceilings are good because they do not require preliminary preparation of the base surface.

In addition, they have another advantage - the ability to create spectacular lighting.

Ready-made glass ceiling designs are offered by Albes (Russia) and Geipel (Germany). Manufacturers produce two types of frames - rack and cassette. The suspension system can be open or closed. In the first case, the load-bearing profiles are visible, in the second they are hidden behind the facing panels. Using T-24 or T-25 suspension systems, you can quickly install and dismantle a glass ceiling.

• metal supporting profile;
• lock type – solid cut;
• type of connection of guide rails with supporting profiles - overlapping;
• cell section is square;
• Dimensions of glass plates – 60x60 cm.

Glass ceiling installation technology

Let's consider the technology of installing a glass ceiling using the example of the Albes suspended cassette system.

Step 1, preparing to attach the guides

If any utility networks run along the ceiling line, all these communications must be strengthened.

Step 2, determining the level of the Albes cassette ceiling

It is necessary to determine and mark the level at which the cassette ceiling frame will be installed. This can be done in several ways: using a bubble level and a water level, a plumb line and a chalk line. Any tools that allow you to get straight horizontal lines along the walls of the room will do.

Step 3, installation of the guide profile

Before attaching the PL 19/24 profile, drill holes in the walls using a hammer drill. After this, dust the recess and drive a dowel-nail of the appropriate section into it. Next, attach the profile to the wall and mark the dowel installation points on it. Drill holes in the marked places in the profile. Secure the guides to the walls using self-tapping screws.

Step 4, marking the snap axes

Between the guides, from one wall to the other, stretch the cords (strong threads, thin ropes, twine) so that they repeat the diagram of the hanging cassette system with a square cross-section of cells.

The intersection points of the stretched threads are projected onto the ceiling where the hangers are installed. Mark these places with a marker.

Step 5, installation of hangers

Attach the hangers at the marks so that the distances from the walls are no more than 60 cm. This requirement applies to panels weighing up to 4 kg/m2. If the mass of glass slabs exceeds this value, the maximum distance from the walls should not exceed 45 cm.

Step 6, installation of T-profiles

The guide profiles of the Albes suspension systems have special locking fasteners that ensure the strength of the frame and prevent it from sagging. The optimal choice is profiles with solid-cut locks.

Step 7, laying glass panels

Place the glass slabs one by one inside the mounted suspension system and place them on the T-profile guides. The plates do not require additional fastening.

If the glass ceiling is illuminated, install the electrical wiring at the stage of preparing the base surface and attaching communications.

Many apartment owners decide to do the renovations themselves. This, of course, requires a lot of effort, but the savings are more than noticeable. Most of the funds are spent on construction materials and tools. If the work is done on your own, then no one needs to pay for it.

However, you should take into account the fact that not all of your dreams about a new apartment interior can be realized without using the services of professionals. Some materials sold in construction stores require specific skills, work experience and certain dexterity. If you are not confident in your own abilities and are doing repairs for the first time, then it is better to use “proven methods” that are easy for even a beginner in such a difficult area as repairs.

In this article we will look at types of ceiling decoration with your own hands. Some are suitable for absolutely everyone; only people who already have experience in finishing work should pay attention to others.

DIY ceiling made of plastic panels

The main advantage of this method is that you will not need to prepare the ceiling for finishing. No lengthy leveling, puttying, plaster or primer is required. You can even leave the wallpaper on the ceiling if it doesn't come off.

In order to secure the plastic, you need to make a frame to which the panels will be attached. The cost of plastic is low, the speed of installing panels depends on your skills. The first 2-3 panels may require more time, but you will install the next ones very quickly. An excellent option in terms of time spent and price of materials.

Another advantage of plastic panels is moisture resistance. That is why ceilings in bathrooms, utility rooms and toilets are usually finished with plastic. A wide selection of colors and textures is also an advantage of this method.

The only (doubtful) disadvantage of this method is that plastic is not considered an environmentally friendly material. But different people have different opinions on this matter.

Bottom line: you can make a ceiling from plastic panels with your own hands not only quickly, but also inexpensively.

DIY plastic ceiling - video

DIY ceiling decoration with wallpaper

Wallpaper has long been used not only for wall decoration. Depending on what wallpaper you choose, renovations can be quite cheap or quite expensive.

The obvious disadvantage of this method is the need for preparatory work. You will need to remove the previous ceiling covering (if any), then level the ceiling, putty it, prime it and only then proceed to wallpapering.

When calculating funds, do not forget to include plaster, putty and primer in the estimate. Also, the preparatory stage will take time, because each layer must dry.

It is rare to find perfectly smooth ceilings, and making them so without experience is not easy. If you stick even the most beautiful wallpaper on an uneven ceiling, it will not look very good, since the joints, gaps and bends of the ceiling will become noticeable.

The advantages of this method include relatively quick and easy installation, a huge assortment and quick replacement if necessary (if the wallpaper fades, it can be replaced with others without repeating the preparatory stage).

Bottom line: it is best to use wallpaper to decorate the ceiling with your own hands if there are no defects on the surface. A quick method suitable for any budget.

How to glue wallpaper on the ceiling - video

DIY plasterboard ceiling

If the ceiling in your apartment is far from ideal, then finishing with plasterboard is an excellent solution. First, you will need to mount a frame to which the drywall will be attached. This building material is one of the most popular on the market, since it is easy to work with even for beginners, and more experienced apartment owners can create real works of art from plasterboard. Multi-tiered plasterboard ceilings will help to visually highlight a certain area of ​​the room or simply decorate your ceiling.

We do not recommend that you use multi-layer structures in small rooms and in rooms with low ceilings. To visually enlarge the room, use “concave” ceilings. And ovals and radii will help to give a large room coziness.

Another advantage of this material is that it can be used in damp rooms (exclusively moisture-resistant drywall): bathrooms, toilets, pantries.

The only obvious drawback is the need for additional work after installation. You will need to thoroughly putty the entire surface to hide the joints.

Bottom line: an inexpensive but labor-intensive way to decorate the ceiling with your own hands.

There is also a finishing option such as suspended ceilings. However, the process of installing a stretch ceiling is quite labor-intensive and requires certain skills. Therefore, you are unlikely to be able to install a suspended ceiling yourself. It is better to contact a specialized company that carries out both tailoring and installation of suspended ceilings. For residents of the south of Russia, we recommend buying suspended ceilings in Rostov from the RostovPotolok company, since it has established itself as a team of professionals in its field and has been on the market since 2006.

How to make a plasterboard ceiling - video

DIY ceiling painting

This option has been used in apartment decoration for many years and does not lose its relevance. The main advantage of this method is its durability and reliability. You don’t need to be afraid of a “flood” caused by your neighbors above; a painted ceiling can easily cope with such a misfortune.

However, painting the ceiling requires the most serious preparatory stage. If you want your ceiling to look great, then it should not only be perfectly flat, but also perfectly smooth.

To do this, you will have to remove the existing coating, cover the ceiling with putty and carefully bring it to perfect smoothness using sandpaper (or a special mesh). This is a difficult job that requires not only time, but also accuracy. If you “remove the excess” in some place, then you will have to putty the ceiling again. It will be very difficult for a non-professional to achieve an ideal ceiling.

The advantages of painting the ceiling yourself is that you are not limited in the choice of colors and textures. There are paints with different effects: matte, glossy, pearlescent, fluorescent (glow in the dark). You can even find paint that creates the effect of suspended ceilings.

Bottom line: a great way to finish a ceiling with your own hands if you have a ready-made, flat surface. Otherwise, repairs will require a lot of time, effort and money.

How to paint a ceiling with your own hands - video

A beautiful ceiling is an integral part of a cozy and sophisticated home. Its appearance should be approached carefully and thoughtfully.

Before choosing a ceiling, you should familiarize yourself with the possible options and design solutions.

Which ceiling is best for the kitchen?

The question of what kind of ceiling to make in the kitchen is not as simple as it seems at first glance. After all, there are many processes going on in the kitchen that can affect the appearance of the walls, ceiling and floor. Therefore, increased attention to ceiling material should be paid due to the following reasons:

High room humidity

Emerging soot

The smell of food that can be ingrained

Fire safety

If it is important for you that your kitchen has an attractive appearance for as long as possible, is easy to clean, and creates the necessary comfort and warmth for your household, then you should take care about the choice of material. The ceiling in the kitchen should easily tolerate high humidity, be resistant to temperature changes and at the same time be easy to clean. Thus, the best types of material for the ceiling in the kitchen are plasterboard and whitewash with painting.

Whitewashing and painting are classic finishing methods. Before you start whitewashing, the ceiling needs to be leveled. To do this, it is better to invite a specialist. Then the ceiling is treated with starting and finishing plaster and paint is applied in several layers. Drywall is advantageous in that such a material is practically harmless on the ceiling. It makes the surface perfectly smooth. It can be installed either on the entire surface of the ceiling or partially, highlighting certain areas. Drywall is easily attached to a metal frame, then putty and paint are applied to it.

Plasterboard ceilings in the kitchen. 35 ideas

The advantage of gypsum board is its versatility; it can be used to create curved and multi-level ceilings; it can hide any wires, pipes and other irregularities. Using this material, you can create a unique and exquisite pattern on the ceiling, which can then be painted in any color or combined with another material.

Which ceiling is best for a bedroom?

The ceiling in the bedroom is a very important interior detail, because... this is a place to sleep and relax. Nothing in this room should have a depressing or irritating effect on a person. Therefore, you should consider several requirements for the ceiling in the bedroom. It should have a neutral color, matte surface, smooth lines, and also meet safety concerns. It follows from this that the best option would be a satin or matte stretch ceiling, or plasterboard, which is painted with matte paint.

A suspended ceiling in the bedroom has a number of advantages:

Aesthetic appearance. There is a wide range of colors and textures.

It retains moisture well.

Don't crumble.

Installs quickly without dust or construction debris.

Durable. According to the manufacturers, the ceiling will last for decades without requiring repairs.

Easy to care for. The only thing that can happen in the bedroom is dust, so from time to time you can wipe the suspended ceilings with a damp cloth.

Which ceiling is best for the room?

The living room is the front room of the apartment. In it, household members get together, greet guests, communicate with friends, and resolve business issues. The design of such a room should be functional and elegant. The living room does not have the same humidity as the bathroom, so the choice of materials is a little wider. You can use original lighting in the style of a starry sky, gypsum stucco, polyurethane ceiling decorations, designer paintings, stretch ceilings with photo printing and, of course, all types of ceilings available in wet rooms.

A multi-level suspended ceiling with original lighting will look very advantageous here. For living rooms designed in a minimalist style, suspended or painted ceilings are suitable.

Which ceiling is best for a country house?

For most people, a dacha is a place of relaxation, unity with nature, and recuperation. The appearance of a country house should be cozy, pleasant, warming and as natural as possible. Before you start finishing, you need to evaluate whether it is worth insulating the ceiling.

A classic for a dacha would be lining. Its advantages: naturalness, appropriateness for any room design, good thermal insulation and vapor permeability, water resistance, strength, wear resistance, it is easy to install yourself.

Fabric stretch ceiling in a log country house

If the house is heated all year round, the ceilings in a country house can be decorated with more modern materials - plasterboard, MDF and PVC panels, suspended or suspended. If the dacha is used only in the summer, you will have to forget about plasterboard and seamed stretch ceilings. It is very likely that the winter cold will ruin them.

Thus, the characteristics of the ceiling in different rooms are very different. For some, originality is important, others love simplicity. Modern technologies and materials will help you realize any dreams.