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Everything you need to know about technological connection is described in Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 27, 2004 N 861“On approval of the Rules for non-discriminatory access to transmission services electrical energy and the provision of these services, the Rules for non-discriminatory access to services for operational dispatch control in the electric power industry and the provision of these services, the Rules for non-discriminatory access to the services of the administrator of the wholesale market trading system and the provision of these services and the Rules for the technological connection of power receiving devices of electrical energy consumers, electrical production facilities energy, as well as electric grid facilities owned by grid organizations and other persons, electrical networks» — (Rules for technological connection)
Connect the adapter AC To electrical outlet. The adapter is self-supporting, so it holds the plug in a simple plug. The installation is very similar to simply wiring an electric air freshener or insect repellent. Each adapter acts as both a data input and a power output. Therefore, two adapters are required for basic connection.
We will store our products in this article. Interesting sub-devices are also offered by other manufacturers, but it is not possible to combine devices different manufacturers when implementing a computer network through power lines. Manufacturers are making it easy for consumers to sell launch packages containing a pair of compatible base adapters. This basic pair can be expanded with additional mutually matched adapters purchased separately in parts, but we first retain the starter pack and basic connection.
Technological connection is carried out if:
- connection of power receiving devices being commissioned is carried out for the first time;
- if you decide to increase the power of previously connected, reconstructed power receiving devices;
- want to change the category of reliability of power supply of power receiving devices;
- want to change the network connection point;
- if you have changed the type of production activity that does not entail a revision of the value maximum power, but changing the external power supply scheme of power receiving devices.
All these activities have to be paid for on the basis of an agreement concluded between the applicant and the network organization.
Current adapters do not require complex configuration. Just connect them after pairing. Pairing can be started using the corresponding button directly on the adapter body or initialized automatically after connecting the adapter to the network. The adapter then, in layman's terms, looks for a partner in the electrical network.
Once he finds it, a connection will be made with him and mating will occur. The electrical grid infrastructure then also functions as cable management for the computer network. It can connect the home plug with other network equipment.
Specifications can be restored without concluding a contract for technological connection if their loss occurred in connection with liquidation, reorganization, termination of the activities of the previous owner (applicant), sale of objects and for other reasons.
The technological connection procedure includes the following steps:
Two angles of view on security
People are afraid of damage to connected devices or even accidents caused by electric currents. Of course, branded adapters have all the necessary certificates and meet the relevant criteria safe work. Their use is no less dangerous than connecting the power cord electrical device to an electrical outlet. Of course, home plug adapters do not leave the 230 volt power line in the computer network, but only support low voltage classic cables in their network cables, which are necessary for transmitting data without the use of home network adapters.
1. Submission of an application by legal or an individual (hereinafter referred to as the applicant), which intends to carry out technological connection, reconstruct power receiving devices and increase the volume of maximum power, as well as change the category of reliability of power supply, connection points, types of production activities that do not entail a revision (increase) of the maximum power value, but change the scheme of external power supply of power receiving devices submits an application to the network organization.
The second aspect of protection is the protection of data entering the electrical network. First of all, it should be said that the data will not be used for electricity meters used in the Czech Republic. This is a technological limitation that makes electricity meters a natural, fully effective firewall. A much greater risk is a security breach through an Internet connection.
Solution for the entire network or just fragments?
In addition, data transfer between adapters is exclusively encrypted. Adapters attempt to encrypt and decrypt data as it enters and exits the power source. It is for this reason that compatibility is usually limited to products from a single brand. In theory, connecting to a home or home network could be replaced by using more compatible home adapters. Classic computer network cabling will only be used for connections between adapters and end devices, such as individual computers, multifunction printers, smart TVs, game consoles, and other electronics.
The application is submitted to the network organization whose power grid facilities are located at the shortest distance from the boundaries of the applicant’s site.
The distance from the boundaries of the applicant’s site to the power grid facilities of the network organization is understood as minimum distance, measured in a straight line from the boundary of the area on which the connected power receiving device is located to the nearest electrical network facility (power line support, cable line, switchgear, substation), having a voltage class specified in the application, existing or planned for commissioning in accordance with investment program network organization approved in accordance with the established procedure.
However, it makes more sense to use home computer adapters only as a partial solution specific situations when building a network. One reason is the baud rate. Requirements for the speed and power of computer networks are steadily growing.
Actual speed depends on wiring condition. In particular, in older generations the problem can only be achieved by a fifth of the declared maximum speed. Simply remove older or cheaper slow devices from your network that are causing bottlenecks. The water flow in the pipe corresponds to the flow rate in the narrowest part of the line. The data transfer speed is similar. Bottlenecks from a classic computer network can be removed by replacing inappropriate infrastructure hardware.
If the applicant does not have information about the power grid facilities of which network organization are located at the shortest distance to the boundaries of his site, he has the right to send a request to the local government body on whose territory the corresponding power grid facilities are located. The request must indicate the location of electrical grid facilities whose ownership needs to be determined. The local government body is obliged to provide the applicant, within 15 days, with information about the ownership of the electric grid facilities specified in the request.
In the case of incompetent wiring, there is nothing to do but try to complete its modernization, which in practice means digging up the entire house or apartment. In practice, it is more efficient to stretch common network cables and camouflage them behind furniture or floor coverings. When restoring life, it is recommended to connect network cables directly to the wall and prepare boxes in selected locations.
Existing cables instead of new cables
Most often, adapters for home connection are used to cover long distances in an apartment or house where there is no possibility or interest in running classic network cables. Thus, existing infrastructure hidden in the walls in the form of power lines is used.
The application can be submitted to the network organization by the applicant personally, or through an authorized representative (based on a power of attorney), or also sent by letter.
2. Conclusion of an agreement for technological connection.
The grid organization sends the applicant for signing a completed and signed draft agreement in 2 copies and technical conditions as an integral annex to the agreement within 30 days from the date of receipt of the application, and upon accession by individual project- from the date of approval of the amount of payment for technological connection by the authorized executive body in the field of state regulation of tariffs.
Wireless networking is suitable for mobile and portable devices because wireless mobility tends to outweigh the disadvantages of lower reliability and network connectivity. For solving network infrastructure and connecting stationary devices, cable is certainly more suitable.
Therefore, home plug adapters are optimal for network distribution across different apartments or floors in a family home where conventional network cables cannot be used. However, the distance between individual adapters is limited to 300 meters, of course taking into account the actual length of the power line in the wall.
In case of disagreement with the draft agreement presented by the network organization, the applicant has the right to send the network organization a reasoned refusal to sign the draft agreement with a proposal for amendment. If within 60 days from the date of receipt of the signed draft agreement the applicant does not send the signed agreement or a reasoned refusal to sign it to the network organization, the application is cancelled.
An example would be a two-story family home, where you need to connect the first floor and first floor without having to drill into the ceiling, stick the power cord on the wall on the stairs, or drive it non-statically. Thus, one home connector is connected to the first floor, and the second to the second floor. Together, he creates a kind of bridge using the power line.
On the ground floor, a home socket can be connected to the router using a standard network cable. On the ground floor the network can be branched from the adapter. Alternatively, any individual switch can be connected, but a switch as part of an adapter has the advantage that it is not another device that must be placed anywhere, will lead to a different cable, and will even allow its own power supply. Simply connect one device such as a desktop computer, smart TV, game console and other desktop electronics.
The agreement is considered concluded from the date of receipt of a copy of the agreement signed by the applicant at the network organization.
6. Actual reception (supply) of voltage and power, carried out by turning on the switching device (fixing the switching device in the “on” position).
7. Drawing up an act on technological connection, an act of delimitation of balance sheet ownership, an act of delimitation operational responsibility parties, as well as an act of approval of technological and (or) emergency armor (for applicants specified in paragraph 14(2) of the Technological Connection Rules).
A home plug may also work. Not only does the power line extend the cable network infrastructure, but also acts as a signal repeater wireless network to cover more space. If we tried a third-party offering, we can also find home plug adapters that act as an access point to create a wireless network in completely new premises. Also available as print server models for sharing older printers without their own network connection.
I. General provisions
II. The procedure for concluding and executing an agreement
III. The procedure for concluding and executing contracts between network organizations
IV. The procedure for accessing electrical networks in conditions of limited availability bandwidth
V. The procedure for setting tariffs for electric energy transmission services, which provides for taking into account the degree of use of power of the electric network
VI. The procedure for determining losses in electrical networks and paying for these losses
VII. The procedure for providing and disclosing information about the capacity of electrical networks and their technical specifications and about the cost of services for the transmission of electrical energy
VIII. The procedure for considering applications (complaints) regarding the provision of access to services for the transmission of electrical energy and making decisions on these applications (complaints) that are binding on legal entities and individuals
Rules for non-discriminatory access to services for operational dispatch control in the electric power industry and the provision of these services
Rules for non-discriminatory access to the services of the administrator of the wholesale market trading system and the provision of these services
Rules for the technological connection of power receiving devices of electrical energy consumers, electrical energy production facilities, as well as electrical grid facilities belonging to network organizations and other persons to electrical networks
I. General provisions
II. The procedure for concluding and fulfilling the contract
III. Availability (absence) criteria technical feasibility technological connection and features of technological connection according to an individual project
IV. Features of technological connection of power receiving devices of electrical energy consumers through redistribution of maximum power, as well as features of refusal of electrical energy consumers from maximum power in favor of a network organization
V. Features of technological connection of electric grid facilities
VI. Features of interaction network organizations and applicants upon return cash for volumes of unclaimed connected capacity
VII. Features of temporary technological connection
Appendix No. 1. Standard contract on the implementation of technological connection to electrical networks
Appendix No. 2. Model agreement on technological connection to electrical networks
Application. Technical conditions for connection to electrical networks
Appendix No. 3. Model agreement on technological connection to electrical networks
Application. Technical conditions for connection to electrical networks
Appendix No. 4. Model agreement on technological connection to electrical networks
Application. Technical conditions for connection to electrical networks
Appendix No. 5. Model agreement on technological connection to electrical networks through redistribution of maximum power
Application. Technical conditions for connection to electrical networks through redistribution of maximum power