How to properly organize a computer workstation? Not everyone thinks about this, but the proper organization of your workplace determines not only how comfortable it will be for you to work, but also your health in general. There are simple ways to protect yourself when communicating with a computer. For example, organize your workplace correctly. The following recommendations will help you with this.
It is advisable to install the monitor in the corner of the room or turn it with the back panel towards the wall.
In a room where several people work, when placing workstations with PCs, the distance between work tables with video monitors (toward the rear surface of one video monitor and the screen of another video monitor) must be at least 2.0 m, and the distance between the side surfaces of video monitors must be at least 1.2 m. Under no circumstances should computers be placed opposite each other. Do not leave the monitor on for a long time, use the “standby” mode more often. Ground the PC.
During operation, the distance to the monitor screen should be at least 70 cm.
For professional personal computer operators, schoolchildren and students throughout the Russian Federation, the sanitary rules and norms of SanPiN 2.2.2/2.4.1340-03 “Hygienic requirements for personal electronic computers and organization of work” (as amended by SanPiN 2.2.2/) apply 2.4.2198-07 Amendment No. 1, SanPiN 2.2.2/2.4.2620-10 Amendment No. 2, SanPiN 2.2.2/2.4.2732-10 Amendment No. 3).
The main measures for the prevention of visual fatigue are: proper organization of the workplace, limiting the duration of work with the computer in accordance with the category of the user and the nature of the work performed by him; for professional users - mandatory regulated breaks, during which special eye exercises should be performed; in schools, technical schools and universities - connecting timers to computers that regulate the time spent working with a monitor, regularly performing eye exercises, and restoring physical performance.
The workplace should be comfortable and sufficiently illuminated; light rays should not fall directly into the eyes.
It is better to place the monitor a little further than is done for normal reading. The top edge of the screen should be at eye level or slightly below. If you work with texts on paper, the sheets should be placed as close to the screen as possible to avoid frequent movements of the head and eyes when shifting your gaze. Lighting must be arranged so that there is no glare on the screen. Create good lighting in the room where you work. Use modern lamps that provide optimal lighting. In the room where you work, do not use paints or wallpaper in cold tones or dark ones. The best colors for humans are white, lemon yellow and light green.
We should not forget that the computer screen can collect dust. To achieve clear images, wipe them regularly with an antistatic solution or use special wipes. Do not use alcohol to wipe monitors - the anti-reflective coating may deteriorate.
The keyboard also needs to be wiped. It is best to do this with a cotton swab. From time to time the keyboard should be turned over and shaken out. Humidify the air in winter and dry it in summer. Fight dust. A hanger for outerwear and a place for shoes must be isolated from the room.
Isolate yourself from noise if possible. Try not to create it yourself. Learn to speak in a calm voice, don’t talk too much.
The furniture you use when working on a computer should be comfortable, since the comfort of the placement of your arms, legs and spine depends on this. The spine cannot be neglected - it reacts to this very quickly and noticeably. In recent years it has been produced huge amount office chairs and armchairs that allow you to feel comfortable throughout the working day.
The height of the computer desk should be such that when working, the screen is located slightly below your line of sight, and you do not have to spend several hours in a row with your head up. There should be enough space under the table to allow you to stretch your tired legs from time to time; and the chair should be the so-called “computer” - swiveling, with adjustable height, armrests and a comfortable back, with a semi-soft non-slip coating; if necessary, you can place a pillow under your back to prevent lumbosacral osteochondrosis. When sitting, your feet should be on the floor, your thigh should be parallel to the floor, your back should be straight.
The depth of the table should be such that the distance to the monitor screen is at least 50 cm. Its width depends on the number of peripheral devices and various office supplies. The design of the work chair should ensure:
the width and depth of the seat surface is at least 400 mm;
seat surface with rounded front edge;
adjustment of the height of the seat surface within the range of 400 - 550 mm and tilt angle forward up to 15 degrees, back up to 5 degrees;
the height of the supporting surface of the backrest is 300 20 mm, the width is at least 380 mm and the radius of curvature of the horizontal plane is 400 mm;
the angle of inclination of the backrest in the vertical plane is within 30 degrees;
adjustment of the distance of the backrest from the front edge of the seat within 260 - 400 mm;
stationary or removable armrests with a length of at least 250 mm and a width of 50 - 70 mm;
adjustment of the armrests in height above the seat within 230 - 30 mm and the internal distance between the armrests within 350 - 500 mm.
The back of the office chair serves as a stable support for the lumbar and lower half of the thoracic spine. A slight convexity in the lower part of the backrest fixes the middle lumbar vertebrae in the correct position of the physiological curve inherent in the lumbar spine. An important point is the presence of a special tilt regulator at the backrest. During work, regular rest is necessary, since a monotonous posture is quite tiring for the eyes, neck and back. During work, be sure to take short breaks of 10 to 15 minutes every hour, and it is advisable to do exercises for the neck and eyes, or simply spend time moving.
Naturally, the room must be ventilated. These simple tips will help keep you healthy and help you do your job more efficiently. (based on materials from SanPiN 2.2.2/2.4.1340-03 “Hygienic requirements for personal electronic computers and organization of work” (as amended by SanPiN 2.2.2/2.4.2732-10)
The material was prepared by L.A., a methodologist at the State Medical Center for Dog and Animal Medicine. Shutilina
In order for people to work fruitfully, it is necessary to create suitable working conditions. This should begin at the stage of planning office space; if this is not possible, then it is worth paying attention to the design of workplaces.
Organization of the workplace: important rules
To organize your workplace correctly follow these tips:
“Quality furniture is more valuable than money”. If it is not possible to completely update the furniture, do it at least for the departments that work with clients and definitely for the manager. This will immediately increase the status of your enterprise in the eyes of people and accordingly increase your profits.
“The table and chair create comfort”. The correct selection of this furniture will reduce staff fatigue. Considering that everyone is of different height, it is better to choose chairs with lift-up seats.
"Clean table". There should be no objects on the work surface that are not related to work.
“Every thing has its place”. All documents without exception must have their permanent place. At the end of the working day, you definitely need to sort everything out.
"Use organizers". To avoid cluttering your workspace, store all small items in a special stand.
“Clean where they don’t litter”. The administration should introduce some restrictions in the office, for example, ban smoking and food consumption in offices.
"Lighting". A sufficient amount of light is a factor that has a positive effect on the comfortable work and health of the employee.
"Clean Air". Fresh indoor air increases productivity and reduces employee fatigue.
"Volume". You need to choose the best option for external noise that will not cause discomfort to employees.
"Ambient air temperature". The environment affects the work of the entire team. Try to optimize it so that everyone has a good time.
For most of the population, work is an integral part of life.
People get different emotions from labor activity, to some she brings pleasure and prosperity, but there are those for whom work is a burden. In any case, a person spends most of his time at work, so you need to know how to make your stay as comfortable and successful as possible.
Organization of the workplace: the correct location of the desktop according to Feng Shui
Lately it's been great meaning when organizing their living space, people give feng shui rules. It is this science that optimizes energy flows, which increases the chances of success and prosperity. There is nothing complicated about it, all you need is to determine the correct location of the desktop and the objects that will be located on it.
Desk location according to Feng Shui: tips
Between the table and the wall on the contrary it should be enough free space- it denotes your plans for the future. The greater the distance, the higher you can move up the career ladder.
The table should not be placed under the ceiling beams- they produce destructive energy. If this is not possible, place vases with fresh flowers, they will take away some of the negativity.
It is forbidden organize workplace on the same line between the window and the door- you will simply be blown away by the flow of energy. Try to turn the table as perpendicular to these objects as possible.
Give up table position towards the door face or back - best option diagonally. You will see the door, and your back will be protected from an invisible threat.
If in the room huge windows, better stay away from them. On an energetic level, they cause unconscious danger. If there is no chance to change the place, close them with curtains or hang blinds. Additionally, you can decorate the window sills with flowers in pots.
Don't sit under the air conditioner not only can it cause illness, but it will also blow all thoughts out of your head and interfere with your work. If possible, move your desk to a safe location.
For good and fruitful work there should be a lot of light above the table. The ideal option is a lamp with an ordinary light bulb in a honey or gold shade; it will become your symbol of good luck.
The workplace should not be reflected in the mirror, all your efforts will be absorbed by him. Even if you like to admire yourself while working, try to give up this pleasure and sit away from the mirror.
Chair near the desk is also of great importance dimensions must be proportional to the table. It is better if there are armrests and a good back - this will give you a feeling of support and support. Don’t skimp on a quality chair; it will even add confidence in your abilities.
For managers the best option would be to place your workplace, as possible further from the entrance to the office. A different location will negatively affect your career and even reduce your authority in the team. After all, according to the rules of the ancient world, the leader always chooses the best place.
It is better for subordinates to sit in front of their superiors, this will provide him with complete protection and support.
When you get a job in a big office, then no opportunity to choose your own workplace. However, you can still help yourself by setting up a personal workplace according to Feng Shui recommendations, which will help neutralize negative external influences and stabilize the situation.
To have wealth and success in your career, Feng Shui rules:
the best location will be the northern part of the room;
Place a “money tree” in the southeastern part;
hang a picture of a turtle behind your back;
the table lamp should be red.
We've figured out the arrangement of the furniture, now let's add everything correct position of objects in the workplace. This will become a definite talisman for achieving even greater success in work and harmony in relationships with colleagues.
If your desk resembles a mini landfill, don't expect to have a successful career. Feng Shui means perfect order, because without this, positive energy will not be able to circulate freely. To do this, you need to put everything in its place; allocate a desk or cabinet drawer for this. The first thing to do is use the "bagua" - energy map, which divides any space into 9 parts, each of which is responsible for a certain area of life. Ask yourself what is most important to you in life and, based on the answer, organize your workplace in accordance with your preferences.
Arrangement of objects on the table according to Feng Shui:
Place a lighting fixture in the far left corner. This place is responsible for financial well-being.
Place your photo in the middle left your loved ones or a talisman that is associated with family happiness.
Store books on the front left or other items to record. Add here some blue object to stimulate your cognition.
The area in the back center is responsible for reputation. Place a red lamp or your rewards in this place.
In the middle in the center is the place of health. Try to always keep it spotlessly clean, it is better if there are flowers there.
Front in the center - career site. There should be a computer here. A screensaver that shows an ocean or waterfall symbolizes money.
Back right - relationship zone. Place a photo of your loved one here, if there is no such person, then a red flower to attract love.
Middle right - creativity zone. Place magazines or any metal or iron objects in this place.
Place on the front right customer phone lists.
Crystal pyramid in the southern part will be your assistant in overcoming all difficulties on the way to promotion.
Success in negotiations will provide four-armed Ganesha. Its best location is on your right hand, from time to time turn to it and stroke it.
There are others talismans appropriate on the table, which are responsible for material abundance are the three-legged toad, money tree and Chinese coins. The main thing to remember is that the last item should be hidden from prying eyes; put them under the keyboard.
Having done everything right, soon You notice positive changes At work.
The attitude with colleagues and superiors will change. The manager will begin to notice your merits and colleagues’ knowledge.
Resume (CV)- this is your business card, the correct composition of which determines whether you get the job you want or not. It is very important to approach writing a resume responsibly, because it can be the decisive factor in hiring you for a job.
In this article, we will look at specific skills and abilities for a resume, and also give you tips and recommendations for correctly filling out these resume fields. At the end of the article you can download a standard resume template.
If you are interested in the question, you can read more about it in the article.
Education, experience, positions held in previous positions are mandatory parts of a CV. It is unacceptable to write a good resume without describing the most important skills of a specialist. You need to describe these skills in such a way that the potential boss has an irresistible desire to hire not just anyone, but you.
1. Key skills and abilities for a resume
Those key skills that are reflected in your resume will definitely become the object of attention from the employer. Previous work experience and education will not always be able to reveal information about the skills that you possess.The correct approach to filling out this section of your resume will allow the employer to understand, even without personal communication, that you are exactly who he needs.
There are no common core skills that are suitable for any job or profession. Those who cannot formulate their own professional strengths can indicate the following skills and abilities:
- abilities for interpersonal business communication;
- organization and planning of working time;
- attention to detail;
- analytical skills necessary to find solutions to problem situations;
- showing flexibility;
- management skills
- business leadership skills.
Don't forget that an employer may only require some of these skills, which he usually specifies in his own job offer. It is much easier to reformulate the employer's requirements into your key skills.
2. Skills and abilities for salespeople, consultants, secretaries, bank employees...
Applicants for sales positions, managers and consultants, as well as other positions that require regular communication with people, can indicate as their own skills and abilities:
- having successful experience in sales;
- time management skills;
- competent speech, ability to persuade;
- effective communication skills;
- finding an approach to the client and reaching compromises;
- ability to learn and perceive information;
- the ability to listen to the interlocutor and give him competent advice;
- display of tact and tolerance;
- creative approach.
If you have information that the employer cooperates with foreign clients, knowledge of foreign languages will be your advantage. Be sure to indicate this on your resume.
Service workers must possess the quality communication, analytical and decision-making skills required to provide care. Any activity of such employees must be aimed at satisfying the interests of the client, which requires the applicant to be results-oriented, able to work under personal pressure and initiative.
Also, the employer will certainly be attracted by the resume of a candidate who will have knowledge of foreign languages, own a computer, conduct business correspondence, be attentive and interested in the overall result of the company's work.
3. Leadership skills: manager, manager, director, administrator...
You should start working on your resume by identifying those skills whose presence is of fundamental importance for a specific position.Employers check managers with special care, often placing exaggerated demands on them. Those who wish to take a management position should indicate the following skills as skills:
- ability to resolve conflicts;
- optimal organization of the work process;
- independent decision-making and responsibility for them;
- presence of critical thinking;
- efficiency of time and labor resources management;
- staff motivation skills;
- strategic thinking;
- effective negotiations;
- communication skills and the ability to build trust.
The applicant can add to this group those professional traits that he considers his strengths.
In this case, professional skills and personal qualities must have a clear distinction, because the question about the applicant’s personal qualities will certainly come from the employer, and their identity with professional skills will not allow them to create a positive impression of themselves.
The list of skills can be supplemented by the ability to simultaneously perform several tasks, the ability to distribute responsibilities and control their implementation.
4. Skills and abilities for teachers leading seminars and trainings...
Slightly different skills and abilities should be characteristic of teachers leading seminar classes. Such people should be:
- capable of motivation;
- highly proactive and energetic;
- masters of concentrating people's attention on certain phenomena for the required time;
- flexible and patient;
- capable of organizing the work process.
In addition, you can specify that teachers must have competent speech and clear pronunciation, and be good interlocutors in personal communication.
The main task of this category of workers is to establish contacts.
5. Skills and abilities for technical specialists: programmers, system administrators...
The skills that technicians must have are completely individual.For example, system administrators are required to monitor the operation of all company computers, which requires them to:
- carrying out diagnostic measures regarding subordinate equipment;
- constant monitoring of possible risks;
- proficiency in English at a technical level;
- ease of perception of information flows.
6. Skills and abilities for accountants, auditors...
Professionals who aim to obtain accounting-related positions must have a clear understanding of the employer's requirements. An accountant must have:
- analytical thinking;
- organizational skills to create a work algorithm;
- constant analysis;
- competent planning;
- increased attention to detail and detail;
- ability to determine the degree of priorities;
- identification of priority tasks;
- skills in working with representatives of control authorities.
7. Skills and abilities - examples for lawyers
Workers in the field of jurisprudence can indicate in their resume:
- knowledge of legislation;
- skills in drafting contracts and documentation;
- use of legal electronic databases;
- ability to work with control authorities;
- search for compromise solutions;
- setting goals and striving to achieve them.
8. Special skills and abilities for a resume
The ability to establish oral and written contact with counterparties, high achievements in the field of service, organization of the work process, the presence of public speaking skills and many other skills will be assessed by the employer.Each of them is looking for an employee who will be motivated by the overall result, will show initiative and high energy in solving emerging issues, will be a pleasant and competent interlocutor, able to immediately make a decision, give an answer and be responsible for every word he says.
Applicants may indicate in their resumes:
- presence of leadership qualities;
- availability of technical knowledge;
- project organization and management skills;
- marketing abilities.
9. General skills and abilities
There are a number of general skills that professionals can possess. Their list is generalized and is not suitable for all specialties.
However, I think this list will be useful for you; perhaps you will find exactly the skills and abilities that you want to indicate in your resume. These include:
- foreign language proficiency (language and degree of proficiency);
- programming abilities;
- budgeting;
- competent business communication (oral and written);
- working with customer databases, including from the level of their creation;
- efficiency in searching for information;
- development of plans;
- analytical actions based on sales (including those performed by competitive organizations);
- procurement skills;
- skills in conducting inventory processes;
- availability of abilities in merchandising;
- work with commercial proposals;
- negotiation skills;
- training and motivating colleagues;
- making forecasts;
- pricing skills;
- direct sales skills;
- persuasion skills;
- telephone sales skills;
- skills in working with individual computer programs: Excel, Word, Photoshop, 1C, etc. ;
- ability to object;
- use of primary data;
- handling office equipment;
- development and implementation of advertising and market research campaigns;
- legal expertise;
- scrupulousness in preparing reporting materials;
- collection and preparation of statistical information;
- ability to organize processes;
- readiness for team work;
- independence of decisions;
- organizational skills;
- ability to use persuasion methods.
Each individual specialty is characterized by certain abilities. Among those presented, there will certainly be those that suit you and the position that has become your choice. These skills can be used to include on a resume.
10. Correct compilation of a basic list of skills and abilities
Advice: when searching for the desired position, you should not limit yourself to a single resume; it is better to constantly modify it in relation to the vacancy. The presentation of skills on the main resume and the one you create for an individual position should be different.
In the main version of the CV, suitable for most positions, skills should be listed as follows: the “Skills and Achievements” column is the completion of the “Work Experience” column, i.e. skills are a consequence of professional experience.
Let's say you worked as a marketer and are now looking for a vacancy for this position, you need to write a list of the benefits that the new boss will receive by hiring you for this position.
Professional skills and abilities for a resume example for a marketer:
- conducting marketing research;
- analysis of the market situation and consumer desires;
- Ability to develop product range ideas.
The list should not be very long and detailed - the main points will suffice. A recruiter reading your CV should understand that your main skills are a consequence of your professional experience, so don’t make things up. Let’s imagine that you were a simple employee, and write that you know how to organize work. No one will believe you, and the recruiter will simply ignore you.
11. Don’t confuse the description of your abilities and personality traits
Punctuality, communication skills and responsibility should be indicated in the “About yourself” column. The “Skills and Achievements” column is needed only for information related to job obligations.
In the “Professional skills” section, you must indicate the basic skills acquired at your previous job or at a university. Here you can indicate your achievements. The section should reveal you as a specialist. In other words, this section should describe your “Qualifications”.
If you describe your skills, you will make your CV more attractive. After reading this section, the potential boss should clearly understand that the company needs you and you definitely need to be called for an interview. You need to attract him with your knowledge and abilities. If you want this to happen more often, listen to our advice:
- The “Qualifications” item should be placed exactly after the “Education” item. This is at least logical.
- This section must be modified for any new vacancy. You only need to record abilities that are suitable for the position you are looking for.
- Don't make yourself out to be one-man band, carefully indicating the entire list of its advantages. Indicate a few (4-8) key ones, that's enough. If you want to express some skills, you will have to sacrifice others.
- Initially, describe those abilities that are most consistent with the position you are looking for.
- Write the list in a way that is easy to read.
- You need to use the same definitions and phrases used by the potential boss in the ad.
- When describing skills and abilities, you need to start phrases with the words “have experience”, “know”, “possess”, etc.
- There is no need to write about your features; there is a special section for them in your resume.
Attention: so-called “headhunters” are looking for rare employees. They are generally not interested in the candidate's experience, they are looking for specific benefits provided to them.
12. Skills and abilities for a resume example for an HR director:
Ability to build communications within the company. Ability to quickly manage departments and projects. Organization of consultations and business trainings.
A new skill can be written from a red line, this will make your text easier to read, although it will take up more space. If you correctly describe your skills and abilities, this will significantly increase the chance that you will be called for an interview.
Although education and experience are a very important part of a resume, they cannot create the impression of the right employee.
It is not enough for a hirer to know where you studied and received professional experience. He needs to know exactly what you can do and how you can be useful to his company. So, correctly described basic skills greatly increase the likelihood of getting the coveted job.
Core competencies are the combination of your skills and abilities needed to accurately perform the job requirements presented to you. So carefully chosen and correctly worded phrases can help your resume stand out from many similar documents.
While working, try to gain skills, study additionally and get certificates. In this case, you will be able to really arouse the interest of the hirer and get a higher probability of being hired.
We hope these resume skills and abilities examples help you.
13. We indicate specific skills and abilities in the resume
Now imagine that you are writing a CV for a specific position in which you have a keen interest. Then the list of core skills should be treated as a list of specific, rather than general, skills.
Read the announcement very carefully. What do you need to be able to do to be hired for this position? Do these requests match your skills and experience? This must be indicated in the “Skills” column.
However, simply rewriting the requirements on your resume and framing them as your own skills is a bad idea. The recruiter will immediately guess that you have decided to take a “let it go” approach to your resume. Change this information, make it more specific, add something that was not specified by the employer, but could benefit this company.
For example, if you see a requirement - fluency in English, then mention the ability to organize obtaining a visa for the boss (if this is the case, of course). After all, if the employer and his assistants correspond in English, this may indicate that there are business partners from other countries, and in this case, the ability to organize a visa will arouse the interest of a possible boss.
Also remember that nowadays a recruiter will probably look for candidates using keywords, so you need to write a description of skills so that it contains phrases that are in the text of the job description.
In business you need the right people in the right place. They determine the success of a business. How do you know which of them fits this definition and which does not? Today there are different techniques, the use of which helps to answer this question. Professional personnel companies accumulate successful and new methods of personnel selection in their experience. The topic of a non-standard, but effective approach to personnel selection is covered in an article prepared by the Nizhny Novgorod personnel company MEGAPOLIS.
Personnel: instructions for use
Have you ever purchased complex household appliances? What did you do before turning on the new device yourself? Surely, you carefully read the instructions for its use. For what? After all, only if the conditions and rules specified in the instructions are observed, the manufacturer guarantees the functionality and serviceability of the equipment, and also bears responsibility for this. Otherwise, the device will either simply break down, or the results of its operation will differ from the declared characteristics.
What happens when you hire a new employee? The same. The company acquires a new resource, which it “puts into operation.” She intends to get results from her employee that suit her, and he is ready to achieve them.
Why is it that sometimes, over time, an employee who was successful in his previous job turns out to be unsuccessful in a new company? Is that the problem? For example, in his work he shows initiative and makes independent decisions, but the company, due to his authoritarian management style, needs him as a good performer. In this case, the employee’s behavior is focused on his own opinion. His inclination does not correspond to the working conditions (company management style), which leads to conflicts. The employee and the company, while good individually, are simply not a good fit for each other. Probably, knowing this in advance, the company would have offered him another area of work, where exactly this kind of behavior would have been required of him: the employee would have shown the greatest performance there. But where, at the hiring stage, was it possible to provide an employee with “instructions for its use”?
Job profile and competencies
Each person is unique and is characterized by a set of individual personal qualities, skills, values and behavior patterns, that is, competencies. Each position in the company has its own profile, which determines the required or desired set of competencies for an employee (what he must be able to do and what he should be like). The coincidence of these sets between the employee and the job profile ensures the greatest efficiency and effectiveness.
Competencies specifically highlight skills and behavior patterns. If skills show what a person can do, then behavioral patterns predetermine his inclinations and abilities for various types and conditions of work (process - result, globality - detail, activity - passivity - analyticalism, procedures - opportunities, content - environment, etc. )
To effectively manage an employee, it is crucial to identify his behavior patterns and place him in conditions that correspond to his behavior patterns.
For example, if a person is process-oriented, then he is unlikely to be successful in active sales, where the result is important. And vice versa, a result person who is in a process job (translator, secretary) will be greatly demotivated.
Projective questions and methods of speech analysis (psycholinguistics) allow you to determine the candidate’s behavior patterns.
How to recognize a candidate in an hour
Have you often been in a situation where, when interviewing for a new job, you were asked mainly biographical questions about your resume? How did you respond to these questions? On the one hand, you might feel irritated that the interviewer could read all the information in your resume himself and not waste time on it now. On the other hand, it was easy for you to answer, since you said what you had already said many times before, and only what was beneficial for you.
What if you are the one who interviews and evaluates job candidates yourself? Is the information about the applicant obtained during such a conversation sufficient for you to select a candidate? After all, the candidate only told you about his past experience. And where is the guarantee that he will also be able to successfully repeat it in new conditions, in your company? How to recognize his reactions to future events and actions? How to define its “instructions for use”?
The use of projective questions and speech analysis methods (psycholinguistics) helps to “decipher” a candidate during an interview.
Projective questions reveal a person’s key motivators, that is, what drives them towards a goal. A projective question is an open question and a question “not about oneself.” For example, “Why do you think people steal in some companies and not in others?”, “What do you think is the reason why conflicts most often arise?”, “Why do people make a career?”, “For what reasons do people work?” ?. The point of using a projective question is that in the answer the candidate projects himself, names his own preferences and attitudes in the situations asked by the question. For example, if, when asked “Describe your ideal place to work,” the candidate begins to describe the workplace (furniture, equipment, premises), then we can assume that hygiene factors are important to him. As a result, he may be poorly effective in sales and sharply demotivated when working in uncomfortable conditions.
The use of psycholinguistics (speech analysis and determination of meta-programs) in interviews helps to identify the candidate’s aptitudes and abilities for various types and conditions of work. 7 scales are identified as key for the analysis: “type of reference”, “aspiration - avoidance”, “process - result”, “procedures - opportunities”, “single - manager - team player”, “content - environment”, “activity - reflexivity” .
For example, the type of reference indicates the basis on which the candidate evaluates and makes decisions, and reveals the extent to which he tends to rely on the opinions of others when making decisions. The tendency to externally refer is important for professions where it is necessary to carry out someone else's decisions (for example, a personal assistant). Having a high internal reference is required in professions where it is important to defend one’s own opinion - lawyer, auditor, controller. For a successful manager, it is preferable to have a mixed type of reference closer to internal (be able to take into account the opinions of others when making a decision, but consider your own opinion decisive), for a sales specialist - a mixed type closer to external (be able to adapt to the client).
The type of reference can be identified, for example, by the following question: “Are you a good employee? Why do you think so?” If the candidate answers: “They praise me, they pay me bonuses,” then there is a high probability that he will have an external type of reference. If the answer is: “I think I’m doing everything right / I feel, I see...”, then we can assume his tendency to internal reference. The answer: “I think I’m good because I have the most repeat clients” shows the presence of a mixed type of reference.
The candidate is assessed using psycholinguistic methods based on the verbal forms and expressions he uses in his speech (the structure of phrases). For example, when analyzing on the “activity - reflexivity” scale, in the candidate’s answer to the question “Describe your actions / steps in the situation ...”, the form he chose for the answer is assessed: “I do / would do ...” indicates activity, initiative; “They will tell me what to do / is being done...” marks passivity, the need for clear instructions and control.
To correctly interpret a candidate's aptitudes, it is important to rely on his responses to at least 3 questions on each assessment scale, asked inconsistently. The susceptibility of characteristics to change with age and professional experience should also be taken into account.
The candidate's characteristics are determined in a similar way for all seven key indicators. Based on the results obtained, you can quickly evaluate the candidate with a high degree of reliability and compare his compliance with the profile of the vacant position. Maximum matching of profile and competencies will ensure the greatest performance of the candidate in the new job.
Who will do it right?
Modern companies increase business efficiency by quickly responding to changes in the environment and using the successful experience of other market participants and competitors (benchmarking). In the key area of human resources (HR) for any company, the use of benchmarking is also effective.
Each company has its own unique experience in forming a team of employees. However, it is not always possible to directly study and adopt the experience of successful companies, for example, the Russian representative office of Johnson & Johnson, which uses the methods of projective questions and psycholinguistics described above when selecting candidates.
An effective way to learn from successful personnel assessment experiences is to collaborate with competent recruitment companies. As a rule, professional personnel companies constantly improve the qualifications of their employees, inviting trainers and HR directors of well-known companies to share their experience. In addition, while working on orders, they are in constant interaction with client HR managers and accumulate their experience.
Recruitment companies that master the methods of case interviews, projective questions and psycholinguistics have a rare competitive advantage today. They offer clients a personnel selection service with elements of consulting: as a result, the client, along with the candidate who best meets the requirements of the application, receives “management instructions.”
The consulting part of such a service contains recommendations for developing a motivation system for the hired employee based on the results of the interview. In addition, it may indicate other important aspects for a particular candidate (for example, in which areas he can not be controlled, and in which he should be controlled special attention), availability of potential, etc. Competent recommendations help the company adapt the management system and achieve maximum efficiency from staff.
An approach to personnel selection based on compliance with the job profile using case interviews, projective questions and speech analysis techniques creates the opportunity to clearly correlate the selection of people with strategic objectives, constantly improve the processes of personnel selection and development, and ultimately provides the most important competitive advantage - the level of people , working in the company. And this is precisely the decisive factor on the basis of which the most successful commercial companies in business compete. Today the one with the better team wins!