In this article you will learn what rue is, where it grows and how it is used. This plant has been known since ancient times. It was considered a powerful remedy against plant and animal poisons. It is known that rue was part of a strong antidote, which King Mithridates VI took as a preventive measure, fearing an attempt on his life. The ancients used it to treat certain diseases.
What is rue?
This plant is well known to many gardeners. Popularly it has several names. If you are asked: “What is fragrant rue?”, you can answer that it is ordinary rue, sometimes it is also called odorous rue.
This is a subshrub from the Rutaceae family. Its height can be from 30 to 100 cm. The plant has a fibrous woody root. In the lower part the stem is woody, erect, branched. The leaves are grayish-green, fleshy, dissected, alternate. The flowers are greenish-yellow, have a short stalk, and are collected in a panicle. The fruit is a round, 5-locular capsule. Each nest contains 4-6 seeds. Blooms from early June to late July. The fruits ripen in September.
Official and traditional medicine
In our country this plant is not used in official medicine, although in some European countries oh, it's included in the pharmacopoeia.
We would like to warn everyone who is interested in what rue is that it is poisonous plant, requiring careful use and strict adherence to dosage. Moreover, the furocoumarins contained in its composition have a phototoxic effect.
Medicinal properties
The rue herb has many healing properties. It is known as an antispastic, tonic, antiseptic, hemostatic, anticonvulsant and antitoxic agent.
Using root
This herb is used for atherosclerosis and neuroses of varying severity. Rue, according to doctors, is effective in the treatment of hysteria, epilepsy, asthenic conditions, and headaches.
This grass traditional healers used to treat rheumatism and gout, fragility of blood vessels, and spastic pain and intestines.
Fragrant rue is known for its tonic effect, it relieves fatigue and calms well nervous system. Infusions and decoctions from this plant reduce spasms of the smooth muscles of the ureters and peripheral blood vessels, gently reduce blood pressure, have a weak diuretic (diuretic) effect.
Rue tea is a proven and well-established remedy for the treatment of impotence. An infusion of the leaves is taken as a sedative for nervous irritability.
IN traditional medicine European countries use rue juice for bites poisonous insects and snakes.
Fresh leaves can be applied to areas of bruises and bruises.
Preparation of infusions
You already know what rue is, and now it’s time to find out how to prepare healing infusions based on it.
You need to take a teaspoon of well-chopped herb and pour a glass of boiling water. The herb should sit for two hours. Then the composition can be filtered. Take 50 ml before or during meals three times a day.
You can use a cold infusion of rue. It takes longer to cook. Pour a teaspoon of herbs into a liter of boiled chilled water. This composition must be infused for eight hours. Take half a glass of the product before meals, four times a day.
Vodka tincture is easy to use, and in this case it is easier to maintain the dosage. It is prepared in a ratio of 1:5 (rue:vodka). The herb must be infused for ten days in a dark place. Take tincture 10 drops per 1 tbsp. spoon of water 3 times a day.
Contraindications
Like others medicinal plants, rue has contraindications. It should not be taken by women expecting a child. People who suffer from hypotension (low blood pressure) are not recommended to use this herb; it is also not taken for hyperacid gastritis or stomach ulcers.
Side effects
In case of an overdose, irritation of the gastrointestinal mucosa, swelling of the larynx and tongue, vomiting, diarrhea, fainting, convulsions, liver and kidney damage occurs.
Where else is root used?
Many housewives know what rue is (you can see the photo in our article). In cooking, young leaves are used as fragrant spice for flavoring soft drinks, tea, when preparing sausages, sauces. This plant is also used for canning cucumbers and tomatoes; it is added to cheese and lamb dishes. Essential oils of rue have found application in the alcoholic beverage industry. They are used in the production of liqueurs and cognac.
"Chervona Ruta"
Having heard these words, many immediately remember the words of the famous Soviet pop song. What is "chervona rue" and does such a plant exist in nature? Today, many people call this the double monarda, which comes from North America and has been cultivated in Europe since 1656.
And in the Carpathians, another plant is called red rue - Eastern Carpathian rhododendron (myrtle-leaved). Today, gardeners grow both of these plants on their plots.
Growing rue
Many summer residents grow these bushes not only because medicinal properties plants. They are attracted to him spectacular look, which persists throughout the season.
Rue should be planted in a sunny area protected from the winds. This plant loves fertile, permeable soil. It does not tolerate stagnant moisture, especially in spring.
Rue is propagated by seeds, which are best sown in March in a pot for growing seedlings. When 3-4 true leaves appear on the bush, the plant must be pruned. It is better to sow rue in small plastic cups, then when planted in the ground it begins to grow quickly and acquire a decorative appearance.
In spring, rue seeds can be sown in the ground, but then ornamental plants will only be available for next season.
Ruta looks very beautiful on the site; it will decorate any plant composition - a rocky garden, a mixborder and an ordinary flower bed in front of the house.
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Salad with spicy chicken, mushrooms, cheese and grapes - aromatic and satisfying. This dish can be served as a main dish if you are preparing a cold dinner. Cheese, nuts, mayonnaise are high-calorie foods; in combination with spicy fried chicken and mushrooms, you get a very nutritious snack, which is refreshed by sweet and sour grapes. The chicken in this recipe is marinated in a spicy mixture of ground cinnamon, turmeric and chili powder. If you like food with fire, use hot chili.
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Vegetable rue belongs to the rue family. They are grown in vegetable gardens and orchards. It has a spicy taste and medicinal properties.
The height is no more than 82 cm, branched, with pinnately dissected leaves and yellow flowers. The seeds are black-brown in color with a rough surface. Blooms from early to late summer.
Fresh herbs have a specific and unpleasant smell, but if you dry it, the aroma immediately becomes softer. The stem has a branched shape, and the leaves are ovoid with a matte green tint. The flowers are large and yellow.
Peculiarities
The lace maker tolerates cold and heat quite easily. loves very much high humidity. Therefore, if you constantly moisturize fertile soil can be achieved big harvest. It can be grown in one place for no more than 6 years.
Reproduction occurs by sowing seeds, seedlings or vegetative division of the bush. The seeds of this crop germinate slowly, so it is often called a slow-germinating plant. Because of this, development is very slow.
How to grow properly
As we said above, propagation is carried out by seeds. If you have seeds with own harvest, then it’s better to drop them off late autumn. Agronomists explain this by saying that during the first sowing they may not sprout within six months. It is better to cover them, thus there will be a greater chance that the young crop will overwinter.
If you don’t have your own, you can buy them at the store. Store-bought seeds germinate within two weeks after sowing. Therefore, store-bought seeds can be planted in May. This crop is easily transplanted. In the first 12 months, the plant grows no more than 11 cm.
After winter, it is necessary to cut off all dry branches and fertilize the soil nitrogen fertilizers. Urea is ideal.
Unlike other rue plants, vegetable laceweed does not succumb to characteristic diseases. In rare cases, a young bush may be oppressed by nearby growing weeds. Therefore, agronomists recommend regularly weeding the plant.
For what purposes is it used?
In almost all corners of our country, the crop is used for food and medicinal purpose. As a rule, it is grown through seedlings and in a permanent place. May is considered a favorable month for planting, because in April there may still be spring frosts.
It is important to remember that flowers and greens are poisonous. Therefore it is necessary to comply certain rules during sowing and harvesting. Often, in books it can be found in lists of poisonous plants. The plant is at greatest danger after it is moistened; this can be from rain, watering or morning dew. At this time, the culture releases toxic elements that, if they come into contact with the skin, can cause redness, itching and burns. This is due to the high content of alkaloids and essential oils. For many people, rue pollen can cause allergic reaction, which quickly develops into asthma. Therefore, it is better to carry out work in dry weather and in clothing that prevents direct contact of the plant with skin(long pants, jacket with sleeves and a high neck, gloves).
If the poison does get on the skin, then you need to rinse the affected area with a running water and make a bandage based on synthomycin emulsion or furatsilin.
Medicinal properties
It has a wide range of activity in pharmacology.
The main features of the lace maker:
- strengthens the general condition of the human body;
- has antiseptic properties;
- eliminates convulsive condition.
Easily copes with the symptoms of inflammation of connective tissues, joint diseases, forms of childhood tuberculosis, and male impotence. Eliminates stomach and intestinal spasms.
Let's look at a few recipes in folk medicine prepared on the basis of this culture and their application.
| Name | Cooking recipe | How to take? | Course of treatment |
|---|---|---|---|
| Decoction | Fill the plant with boiling water in a ratio of 1/40. Boil for no more than 20 minutes and leave for 3 hours | 3-4 times a day after meals | 14 days |
| Infusion | Pour 15-20 g of dry crushed leaves with 2 cups of boiling water. We insist for half an hour | Be sure to strain before using. Take half a glass 2 times a day after meals | Until symptoms disappear completely |
| Ointment | Grind fresh leaves on a fine grater. Mix the resulting juice (10 ml) with 20 ml of previously melted | Used for skin diseases. Apply to affected areas every 4 hours | Until skin lesions are eliminated |
| Tincture | Mix the dry leaves and flowers of the crop with a ratio of ⅕. Leave for two weeks in a dry, dark place | 12 drops after each meal | 20 days |
Do not forget that rue is quite poisonous, so you need to work with it extremely carefully. All work in the garden or vegetable garden should be carried out with gloves, and when preparing spices or medicinal medicines, strictly adhere to the dosage.
Use of vegetable rue in cooking
Various spices are prepared from the leaves and seeds of Ruta after drying them. Thus, the aroma of the culture becomes more delicate. The seasoning is used to season various dishes, for example: stews, salads, meat filling, omelettes, fish dishes and soups.
People often use vegetable rue for canning. It is worth noting that the plant has strong aroma and rich taste, so it must be added to food in small quantities.
How to prepare seasoning correctly
If you grow vegetable rue to use it as a spice, then you need to prepare its greens in advance. The flowering period is ideal for this. Leaves with buds are cut off with pruning shears, and there should be at least a couple of blooming flowers. After cutting, they are placed in a dark place and dried. When exposed to light, the spice may lose color and healing properties. Shelf life: no more than 24 months.
It is difficult to imagine that someone does not know about such a plant as rue.
Its history goes back several thousand years, and all this time it has been widely used in folk medicine and in everyday life.
Now this flower is actively used in cooking, pharmaceuticals, and some antidotes are also prepared from it. Takes rue place of honor and in modern folk medicine.
However, we have already begun to forget that this plant is a wonderful guest in your flowerbed. Perennial grass Rue will grow wonderfully and smell fragrant in your garden if you show a little care and attention when planting and subsequently caring for the flower. And how best to do this - read below.
Did you know? According to folk legend, on the night of Ivan Kupala, the rue flower turns red and whoever manages to pick it will find well-deserved happiness.
Fragrant rue: description of the plant
Let's figure out what this is rue. This plant is a long-lived shrub with a very peculiar smell that not everyone may like. On European territory, rue does not grow wild, so you can only find it behind a gardener’s fence.
The height of the bush is approximately 55–70 cm with a lignified trunk and lower parts of the branches. Every year, non-woody shoots die out, and in severe winters the entire upper part rue (with the arrival of spring it is completely restored from the root). The color of the woody parts of the plant is deep yellow, and the leaves and the rest are green with a light gray tint.
IN summer period neat bright yellow flowers appear and if you look closely, pale dots will be visible in the light - micro-reservoirs with essential oil. In our latitudes, the rue flower lives a long time, and, most often, feels great until the age of twenty.
Did you know? After drying, rue leaves have a different, more pleasant aroma and no longer cause burns on your hands.
Choosing a place for rue in the garden
Fragrant rue is an unpretentious plant in terms of planting and care. The soil is not particularly important for it, so you can safely plant rue almost anywhere in your front garden. However, one of important points when planting fragrant shrubs - absence of drafts (protection from them can be either natural or artificial). Due to its decorative, lacy leaf shape, rue is often planted in borders. 
Soil requirements for planting
Garden rue is a big fan of calcareous, loamy and crushed stone soils, in which it feels best. The plant is quite resistant to drought and does not tolerate severe waterlogging of the soil. Before spring planting, in the fall, it is necessary to dig the area deeply and it is advisable to apply fertilizer in the form of humus. In spring, the soil can be loosened and dug into shallow depth.The shrub is not picky about soil conditions and can live in one place for 5-6 years, while maintaining excellent flowering.
Important! When dried, the plant can be stored for no more than one year.
What should be the lighting for rue, where to plant the plant
Lighting for rue, in the place where you are going to grow it, should be sufficient for normal development, however, in the hottest time of the day, it is advisable to shade the bush for a couple of hours.
However, if you create constant partial shade or slightly more darkness for the rue, the leaves of the plant will begin to curl and turn yellow. So feel free to plant a flower anywhere that receives direct sunlight.
How to plant rue: scheme and planting dates
Plant garden grass There are several ways to deal with fragrant flowers: by seed, by cuttings or dividing the bush.
According to the rules, the plant must first be grown as seedlings in pots, and only then planted in open ground.
Of course, seeds can be sown directly into the soil, but this will increase consumption seed material, and you can achieve decorativeness from a plant only by next year. When planting, it is also important to leave room for the rue to grow, although if you follow the 60x60 cm pattern, this is not difficult.
If you decide to grow seedlings, then the seeds must be planted at the beginning of winter. They are sown in open ground with the arrival of spring, and picking seedlings or cuttings should be done in the first days of summer.
Propagation of rue by seed method
The most convenient and popular way to propagate rue is considered to be growing it from seeds, so in order to learn more about rue and understand in detail what kind of plant it is, we recommend starting to get acquainted with it with seed propagation. If a flower is already growing on your site, and you have collected its seeds, or your friends have shared them with you, they can be planted as seedlings at the beginning of winter, because they will take root only after a few months.
For seedling growth, prepare a substrate of leaf soil and humus with a small addition of sand. The depth of sowing seeds should not exceed two centimeters. The soil should always be kept slightly moist, and it doesn’t matter whether you grow seedlings in a greenhouse or on a windowsill (the first shoots will appear in a few weeks).
It is better to plant the rue immediately in separate containers, but the plant can tolerate several picks without problems.
Ruta seedlings are transplanted to the site as soon as all threats of frost have passed: usually, this time falls at the end of May-beginning of June.
Important! Essential oil rue also has healing properties. But be very careful in using it, as large number substances may harm your skin.
Rue cuttings
If you decide not to sow sweet rue, there is another option. easy way its reproduction - cuttings. First you need to prepare cuttings, which are removed in early spring from last year's growths. After cutting, they are placed in a container with water for further rooting.
Rue branches take root in water for about one month, and the container should always be in a warm place. Then, the cuttings are planted in open ground or substrate for further root growth. 
If you planted a cutting in a pot, then after 40 - 50 days it will be ready for planting on the site. But if you plant a twig directly in open ground, you must cover it with film and create light partial shade. In this case, rooting occurs after 50 - 60 days.
How to propagate rue by dividing the bush
By dividing the bush, rue is propagated in the spring or in the last month of summer. To do this, you need to dig up the bush (preferably with a pitchfork), inspect it for negative growths (if any, carefully cut them off with a sharp knife), and then also carefully cut the rhizome. The divided bush should be immediately planted in prepared holes, having previously fertilized them with compost. The root must be immersed to the same depth as it was before.
Growing rue, features of flower care
Ruta does not need close attention. Just give her enough sunlight and do not over-moisten the soil - these are all the basic needs of a southern flower. The plant needs replanting very rarely (sometimes this happens once every ten years), but protection from drafts must be constant. 
The plant is rarely attacked by diseases and pests, and its main enemy is weeds. Do not forget to weed the fragrant rue in time and loosen the soil in the area where it grows. It is also worth considering the fact that although the plant is accustomed to our winters, it is best to cover it during cold weather.
Important! Do not touch the flower with your bare hands. This will cause blisters and itching, while oversaturation with juice or oil can lead to a decrease in pulse, an increase in temperature and even loss of consciousness.
How to water rue
Rue is a fairly drought-resistant flower, so it only needs watering on particularly hot days. Any waterlogging of the soil can lead to disease and partial death of the plant. Spraying the flower will also be an unnecessary step.
Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor of the department. Botany RGAU-MSHA named after K.A. Timiryazeva
Ruta has been known since ancient times. Dioscorides readily used this plant. It was considered a remedy for plant and animal poisons. There is evidence that rue was part of the antidote, which was taken for prophylactic purposes by the Pontic king Mithridates VI Eupator in 121-64. BC In ancient times it was used for various diseases. Odo of Mena's poem stated:
“Very good for the stomach when drunk often,
The fruit is driven into drink and love is curbed in a state,
Sciatica treats joints, as well as patients with fever..."
In the Chapters of Charlemagne it is mentioned under the modern Latin name rue. IN XVI-XVIII centuries it was an obligatory plant in European home and herb gardens, as it was considered effective means from... the plague that was rampant in those days.
Botanical description and places of growth
Ruta fragrant ( Ruta graveolens) - a subshrub from the Rutaceae family, 30-100 cm high with a woody, fibrous root. The stem is woody in the lower part, branched, erect. The leaves are alternate, grayish-green, slightly fleshy, double or triple pinnately dissected. The flowers are regular, greenish-yellow, on short stalks, collected in a corymbose panicle. The fruit is a round 4-5-locular capsule. Each nest contains 4-6 seeds, almost black in color. Blooms in June - July. The fruits ripen in September - October.
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Within Russia, it is found in the wild only in the Kaliningrad region as an alien plant. Grows in gardens, orchards and trash areas. It is grown as a medicinal and essential oil plant.
Medicinal raw materials and active ingredients
WITH therapeutic purpose use fresh or dried grass collected during the flowering period. Dry the raw materials under a canopy or in a well-ventilated area.
The leaves and apical shoots contain essential oil (up to 0.5%), which contains nonanone, linalool, undecanone, and undecanol; in addition, rutin, furocoumarins, bergapten, xanthotoxin, pangelin, psoralen, daphnoretin) (up to 1%), resins, various alkaloids chemical structure(rutamine, graveolin, dictamnin), malic acid.
Application in official and folk medicine
In our country, root is not used scientific medicine, however, in a number of European countries it is included in Pharmacopoeias.
However, rue is a poisonous plant and requires careful use and strict adherence to dosage. In addition, the contained furocoumarins exhibit a phototoxic effect.
Rue herb has, according to traditional medicine, a significant range of pharmacological activity. It is known as a tonic, antispastic, antiseptic, anticonvulsant, hemostatic and antitoxic agent.
Used for neuroses, atherosclerosis, menopause. Rue is effective in treating asthenic conditions, hysteria, epilepsy, and headaches.
Rue herb is used for rheumatism, gout, impotence, myopia, fragility of blood vessels, scrofula, rickets, as well as for cramping pain in the stomach and intestines. Fragrant rue has a general tonic effect, relieves fatigue, and calms the nervous system. Preparations from this plant reduce spasms of smooth muscles of the urinary tract and peripheral blood vessels, lower blood pressure, and increase diuresis. Herbal tea is considered good remedy from impotence. An infusion of leaves is used for blood stagnation during internal organs as a sedative for nervous irritability. According to some reports, taking an infusion of rue herb in grape wine helps with impotence.
In traditional medicine fresh juice Ruta is used internally for bites of poisonous insects and snakes, as well as for poor eyesight.
Fresh leaves are applied to the site of bruises and bruises.
Use at home
Leaf infusion prepared from 1 teaspoon of crushed raw materials, which is poured with 1 glass of boiling water, left for 2 hours, filtered. Take 50 ml 3 times a day.
To cook cold herbal infusion, you should pour 1 teaspoon of crushed raw materials into 2 cups of cold boiled water, leave for 8 hours, strain. Take 1/2 cup 4 times a day before meals.
The tincture is most convenient to use and, using it, it is easier to maintain the exact dosage. It is prepared with vodka in a ratio of 1:5. Leave for 10 days in a dark place, strain. Take 10 drops in 1 tablespoon of water 3 times a day.
Rue preparations are contraindicated during pregnancy, hypotension, hyperacid gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers. In case of an overdose, irritation of the mucous membrane of the digestive tract, swelling of the tongue and larynx, fainting, vomiting, diarrhea, convulsions, general weakness, kidney and liver damage may occur. External use of rue sometimes causes skin burns.
And in order not to make a mistake with the dose and not to forget about contraindications, you can take homeopathic preparations of rue, which are prescribed for bruises, sprains, spasms, rheumatism, and excess tension.
Other uses
Young leaves are eaten. They are used as a spice to flavor tea, soft drinks, sausages, sauces, and added to canned cucumbers and tomatoes, lamb and cheese dishes. Rue essential oil is used in the alcoholic beverage industry in the production of cognac and liqueurs.
Growing on site
The plant is very decorative almost all season. Given its southern origin (Mediterranean), the plant should be placed in a sunny area, protected from cold winds. The soil is preferably fertile and permeable. Ruta does not tolerate stagnant moisture in spring.
The plant reproduces by seeds. It is better to sow them in a pot in March and grow seedlings. In the phase of 3-4 true leaves, the plants dive. It is better to plant them immediately in separate pots, then when planting on permanent place plants quickly begin to grow and acquire a decorative appearance.
Seedlings are planted at a distance of 30-40 cm in early June. Care consists of weeding, loosening and fertilizing complex fertilizers or diluted mullein or bird droppings.
You can sow seeds directly into the ground in early spring, but in this case the consumption of seeds increases greatly, and the plants will only become truly ornamental by the next season.
Sheltering plants for the winter does not always provide good results. Often they begin to rot. Therefore, to cover or not to cover is a rather controversial issue. In the spring, the plants are pruned to living wood and fed. In this case, they grow quite quickly and form a large leaf mass. In one place in the non-chernozem zone, plants grow for 3-5, and sometimes more, years. But gradually they still begin to fall out, so it is necessary to take care of replacement.
The plant is so decorative that it will decorate any plant composition: a mixed border, a rocky garden, or just a flower bed in front of the house.
Photo: Rita Brilliantova, Maxim Minin