Build a country house from blocks. Building a country house from foam blocks with your own hands

5700 03/08/2019 6 min.

Foam blocks are a modern and highly sought-after building material. This joint development of engineers and manufacturers is inexpensive, allows the construction of a structure in the shortest possible time, is safe from an environmental point of view, reliable and durable.

It is not surprising that more and more people are building residential buildings and dachas are made from this material. In this article we will look at popular projects of country houses made of foam block, and find out what nuances there are when using this material.

Description and features

Foam blocks are good because they have decent sizes, allowing you to erect a building in a very short time. This makes the construction process quick and at the same time quite simple.

In general, in terms of speed of construction, no other building material can compare with houses made of foam blocks. In one summer you can build country house, and in the fall already celebrate housewarming: with foam blocks this is a completely common situation.

A big advantage of the material is that immediately after building the frame of the house, you can begin installing communications and interior decoration.

The production of foam blocks is elementary, simple, but at the same time very interesting process. To prepare this building material, cement mortar is mixed with sand and water, supplementing all this with a special foaming agent. The last component gives the finished material a specific porous structure. But how the construction of a bathhouse from foam blocks occurs, and how this happens, you can understand by watching the video

In the video - how to build a country house from foam blocks:

The weight of one block is about 25 kg. It is necessary to take into account that this is a rather voluminous element. One block has the following standard parameters: 20x30x60 cm. Based on these figures, you can accurately calculate how many blocks will be needed to build a house of any size. Please keep in mind that the construction of one square meter The walls take approximately 8.3 blocks.

Foam blocks are fastened not with cement, like bricks, but with a special glue that reliably and firmly holds the wall elements in one plane.

Pros of foam blocks

Let's find out what advantages this unique building material has.

Foam blocks are inexpensive, which is very important nowadays. Of course, it is recommended to purchase this material with a reserve of about one-third due to its some fragility, but even in this case, foam blocks are beneficial.

The blocks weigh a little, which makes the construction process easier. In addition, this advantage does not create a strong load on the foundation. Due to the fact that the foam blocks are of decent size, the construction process proceeds at a rapid pace.

The material is easy to process: it can be cut, sawed, hewn, giving it the required shape.

The video shows the advantages of foam blocks:

Foam blocks are environmentally friendly, safe for health, do not cause allergies, and maintain an excellent microclimate in the building. They contain only water, river sand and cement.

Thanks to their porous structure, the blocks provide excellent thermal insulation for a country house. In addition to this most important characteristic, foam blocks also protect interior spaces from external sounds.

The speed of construction of foam block houses is truly unique. So, a couple of working hands can cope with the construction of an average-sized country house made of foam blocks in one summer.

Due to its lightness, the material does not require a solid foundation, which reduces the cost and speeds up the construction of the building. Building a house from foam blocks is like playing a real-time construction game.

It is very easy to decorate the outside of a country house made of foam concrete. After the walls are erected, workers receive a finished, flat surface that only needs to be painted. If there is a need and desire for a more thorough finishing, then you can easily decorate the outer walls of foam blocks with siding, lining, panels, or a block house. The blocks have standard sizes

and an accurate, regular geometric shape, very convenient for construction.

Minuses

To complete the picture, it is also necessary to familiarize yourself with the shortcomings of the material.

Foam blocks are quite fragile - this is their main drawback. They easily crumble, break, break and become deformed when dropped. This is precisely the reason why when purchasing material it is recommended to immediately purchase a third more than the required quantity.

The material is highly susceptible to damage by water. Therefore, it is recommended to cover the outside of the house with protective material, as well as provide the building with high-quality waterproofing.

The video shows possible disadvantages of using the material:

Due to the significant volume of blocks, the finished building turns out to be quite “clumsily” made and rough. This material cannot be used to make small, elegant parts. However, the problem is largely solved by the final external cladding of the house: it can be siding, lining, decorative rock, other interesting material.

House projects

House 6x8

A country house made of foam blocks with such parameters is a quite popular project. Such a compact house will not take up much space on the site, and the saved usable space can be used for garden beds with vegetables and berries.

As a rule, house designs with an area of ​​6x8 are distinguished by their simplicity of design, the absence of “bells and whistles” and decorative excesses. Elements such as a terrace, attic, balconies, bay windows and others are rarely used in this case due to the need to save space.

But despite its small size, on an area of ​​48 m2 you can create a completely comfortable living space. And modern developers have come up with many projects for such small houses made of foam blocks, which provide all the necessary functional premises. What will the extension look like? wooden house made of foam blocks, can be seen in the photo

In the video - a country house made of 6x8 foam blocks:

Such a structure can be made in different architectural designs, which is why the cost of construction can vary significantly. Therefore, choose a project based, among other things, on financial considerations. If you are building cottage, but if you plan to subsequently build on an attic or second floor, lay the required level of load in the foundation in advance.

This article will help you understand what they look like and how difficult it is to build such a structure.

What types of foundations for a house made of foam blocks are the most popular, and what they look like, can be seen in the photo

Size 8x12

A house made of foam blocks with such parameters is a modern and profitable solution to the housing problem. The decent-sized area can comfortably accommodate a large family: there is enough space for personal premises, common areas, and utility rooms.

An 8x12 house made of foam blocks will cost much less than a brick one, and will even surpass it in thermal insulation properties.

In a house made of 8x12 foam blocks you can completely equip comfortable life. The material allows you to maintain an excellent microclimate in the rooms, the walls breathe. The environmental friendliness of foam blocks is beyond doubt and has been scientifically proven by many tests. In this regard, blocks are superior to brick, to which various suspicious, untrustworthy additives are often added. But this article will help you understand how to do it correctly.

Size 8x12

Standard designs for 8x12 foam block houses are developed taking into account climatic zones and soil characteristics in these areas. Such a building contains all the necessary functional premises. Usually this:

• bedrooms (up to three separate rooms);
• large common living room;
• comfortable spacious kitchen;
• bathroom;
• utility room-storage room.

Without a doubt, various projects include a different number of rooms and have different layouts. The choice is really large: it is possible to choose the ideal house project in each specific case.

Home cost calculator

1 2 -number of floors ( without attic)

-length of the base of the house ( meters)

-width of the base of the house ( meters)

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Calculation of materials

WALLS:
foam concrete (200x300x600mm):
34.02 m³ x 2900 RUR/m³	98658 rub.
reinforced concrete jumpers 2PB 17-2-p (1680x120x140):
8 pcs. x 462 RUR/pcs.	3696 rub.
reinforced concrete jumpers 2PB 13-1-p (1290x120x140):
8 pcs. x RUB 383/pcs.	3064 rub.
reinforced concrete jumpers 2PB 10-1-p (1030x120x140):
4 things. x 357 rub./pcs.	1428 rub.
masonry reinforcement mesh(50x50x3 mm):
24 m² x 102 RUR/m²	2448 rub.
extruded polystyrene Penoplex 35:
0.1 m³ x 5100 RUR/m³	510 rub.
flexible fittings BPA 4-2P 250mm with insulation clamps:
420 pcs. x 3.3 rub./pcs.	1386 rub.
facing single brick:
4394 pcs. x 13 RUR/pcs.	57122 rub.
sand-cement mortar:
4.1 m³ x 2700 RUR/m³	11070 rub.
mineral insulation (Rockwool):
4.23 m³ x 3700 RUR/m³	15651 rub.

TOTAL: by floors

137800 rub.

ROOF:
wooden beams (150x50mm):
1.6 m³ x 7000 RUR/m³	11200 rub.
antiseptic solution:
24 l x 75 rub./liter	1800 rub.
waterproofing film (Tyvek Soft):
94 m² x 68 RUR/m²	6392 rub.
slate SV-40 1750x1130x5.8:
56 sheets x 265 RUR/sheet;	14840 rub.
slate nails 4.0x100:
4 kg x 70 rub./kg	280 rub.
corner ridge (1000mm):
10 pieces. x 290 rub./pcs.	2900 rub.
sheathing board 100x25mm:
0.7 m³ x 7000 rub./m³	4900 rub.

10:0,0,0,220;0,290,220,220;290,290,220,0;290,0,0,0|5:159,159,0,220;0,159,99,99;159,290,148,148|1134:208,148|1334:134,33;134,110|2255:0,123|2155:62,0;62,220;200,220|2422:290,51;290,94|1934:199,-20

RUB 685,200.0

Only for the Moscow region!

Calculation of the cost of work

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Example of 8x6 m layout for calculation	Structural diagram
		1. Foam block d=300mm; 2. Mineral wool plate d=50mm; 3. Facing brick d=120mm 4. Air gap d=20-50mm; 5. Reinforced concrete screed h=200mm; 6. Foam insulation d=30-50mm; 7. Floor slab; 8. Slate roof 9. Monolithic strip foundation h=1.8m;

Foam block masonry with brick facade and internal thermal insulation

Foam block wall

Foam concrete blocks are a very common, environmentally friendly and economical building material, which, in relation to other brick building materials, is characterized by significant vapor permeability and microporosity.

Today, due to the nuances of technology, foam concrete blocks, in comparison with aerated concrete blocks often exhibit quite significant errors in overall dimensions, which is why they are placed on a standard cement mixture. At the same time, the presence of large layers of mortar between foam concrete blocks, along with increased costs for materials, contributes to the appearance of heat loss zones and a decrease in the thermal insulation parameters of the masonry.

In accordance with heat conservation standards, for the middle region of the country, a single-row external wall made of foam concrete 400 mm thick with external mineral wool insulation, a layer of fifty millimeters, is sufficient.

Plastering masonry made of foam blocks should be done only after a few months (and sometimes even after a year), due to the significant shrinkage of foam blocks - from 2-3 mm per meter and the real destruction of the plaster, for this reason, for urgent finishing of the inside of foam block houses it is better total use of plasterboard or gypsum fiber panels.

The facade cladding of foam concrete walls should not block the diffusion of water vapor from rooms to the street. In this regard, foam concrete walls cannot be covered with foam plastic slabs, painted with vapor-proof agents, or faced with cement plaster.

In terms of fire protection, acoustic protection, and thermal insulation, foam concrete is much superior to ceramic brick.

When installing masonry from foam concrete blocks, it is necessary to coordinate many restrictions and technological issues, otherwise, in exchange for reducing the cost of materials, you can end up with rather cold, damp, and even completely cracked structures.

• A substandard or slightly protruding block should be leveled with a grinder under right size at the place of its installation.
• It is quite possible to drill, mill, plan, groove, and saw foam blocks with a regular saw directly at a construction site.
• The installation of the bottom row of foam concrete blocks should be approached as carefully as possible, checking the horizontal and vertical positions of the blocks using the spirit level during work.
• According to the recommendations of technologists, it is necessary to reinforce every four to five rows of masonry with fiberglass mesh, as well as areas under window openings and areas for supporting lintels.
• To install reinforcing bars, on the upper edge of the folded foam concrete blocks, slots with a thickness and depth of 3 * 3 cm are cut with a surface grinder, which, when installing the reinforcement, are covered with glue for foam concrete blocks.
• Along the top row of foam concrete blocks, in wooden formwork, a reinforced reinforced concrete belt is made, 200 mm high. On the facade side, the concrete pour is thermally insulated with a 50 mm layer of extruded foam.

Brick cladding

Brick is the most famous building material for home construction, which, in addition to its classic appearance, is characterized by high (up to hundreds of freeze-thaw cycles) frost resistance and insignificant (less than 6%) water absorption, which determines the long-term life cycle of stone buildings. In addition to standard brick facing materials, clinker, figured and glazed bricks are produced.

Now on sale facade brick various colors (from white-yellow to dark brown) and textures (corrugated, smooth, chipped, rough), as well as shapes (rounded, wedge-shaped, beveled, rectangular), which makes it possible to implement various innovative construction ideas.

• WITH outside, on a foam concrete wall are installed using plastic anchor dowels, slabs of basalt fiber insulation, such as: Rockwool, Isorok, Knauf, Isover, Izomin, Ursa, with a layer of 5 centimeters, on top of which a hydro-and windproof film, such as Yutavek, Izospan, Tyvek.
• Since the front and foam block parts of the wall have different shrinkage, ligation of the façade and foam concrete wall structures is carried out by laying 4-5 rows facing masonry, using flexible stainless steel connections or movable fiberglass mesh reinforcement.
• Since there is a danger of the appearance of deformation microcracks, it is impossible to tie façade and foam block masonry with inelastic metal ties embedded in the seams of the masonry.
• The facade masonry is laid in 1/2-brick on a sand-cement mortar, alternating every 4-5 spoon rows with a bonded row.
• From ceramic bricks, a foam concrete main wall, with an external thermal protective coating, is separated by a gap of at least 2 cm (across the entire height of the house), to remove water vapor, leaving supply and exhaust channels at the bottom and top of the facade.

Reinforced concrete foundation strip

We must not forget that the lower elevation of the foundation is selected based on statistical data on soil freezing in the building area. On non-heaving soils and at low levels groundwater, it is permissible to install the lowest point of the foundation above the soil freezing line, but no closer to the surface than half a meter. To illustrate, in the climatic conditions of the central region, the foundation base is deepened to 1.8-2.0 m - more accurately determined by geo-survey.

A strip reinforced concrete foundation is usually suitable for a brick and block house, or in situations with clay soils. The thickness of the fill corresponds to the transverse size of the wall of the building.

• Sand is placed at the bottom of the pit in a layer of up to 300 mm, the so-called sand bedding, the main task of which is to bring the underlying layer into the horizon. Sand bedding is usually used in clay soils. The preparation is soaked with tap water and then compacted.
• To prevent the poured foundation from drying out, a membrane made of polyethylene material is attached to the sand base and the sides of the formwork.
• The quality of concrete is most quickly determined by its mobility, by a simple sign: the concrete solution, when unloaded, remains in a heap without spreading. It is proposed to do such an experiment because commercial concrete mortar is often delivered too diluted with water.
• In the process of pouring the foundation, it is more correct to prepare a concrete mixture of a class not lower than M200.
• Before distributing the concrete solution, a reinforced structure consisting of reinforcement bars of standard size AII-AIII d10-d14 is placed in the completed formwork. It should be added that fiberglass reinforcement of article number ABP has been announced on the building materials market, characterized by advantageous combination cost-strength + corrosion resistance.
• For high-quality pouring, it is better to compact the concrete solution every 0.35 m with a vibrator.
• The strength of concrete is significantly influenced by the degree of compaction, as well as the duration of maturation and the season of work.
• Installation of formwork panels will not entail a significant increase in the cost of work, due to the fact that the formwork structure will most likely be needed during the construction of the above-ground part of the foundation; in addition, its use reduces losses concrete mixture and improves the quality of filling. The formwork structure is usually rearranged as the foundation height increases.
• During the operation of concreting a prepared trench, it is extremely desirable to prevent lumps of soil from falling into the uncured solution. Taking into account the situation, the pit walls are protected from collapse with plywood panels.
• At certain points of the foundation, grooves are made for various external inputs by installing PE pipes.
• The setting period of concrete, when the formwork should be dismantled, takes approximately 28 days. warm time of the year.
• During the period when the concrete mass is gaining strength, it is recommended to water it for the first week and cover the exposed concrete with something from the sun.
• Around the completed basement level, a blind area a meter wide and up to 10 cm high is concreted, with a slope from the base. The primary purpose of the blind area is to protect the underground level of the household from rainfall. The blind area must be divided into tiles using technological cuttings, every 1000...2000 mm, to get rid of faults due to seasonal deformations of the underlying layer.
• An insulating layer is applied at the top of the foundation to block the transfer of groundwater into the wall elements.

Precast concrete floor

In buildings with stone walls For the construction of interfloor floors, in most cases, reinforced concrete hollow-core slabs are used.

When building an individual house, in most cases, panels of the “PNO” or “PK” type are used, with dimensions: length from 210 cm to 630 cm, for example, PNO 21-12 ÷ PNO 63-12, PK-21-10-8 ÷ PC 63-10-8, thickness 0.16 ÷ 0.22 meters and width 0.99 ÷ 1.19 meters.

Thanks to the technology of prestressing a concrete panel, prefabricated panels are characterized by a more significant tensile strength compared to slabs made directly at a construction site in a monolithic design, and what is especially important is the constancy of operating parameters, at a lower cost and simplicity of the resulting floor.

Compared to cast reinforced concrete floor, reinforced concrete hollow panels have good sound insulation characteristics.

Some rules for installing prefabricated slab floor:

• Before installing the floor slabs, check, by spirit level, the heights of the load-bearing surfaces of the masonry and beams, which must be at the same level: the difference in marks can be within 10÷15 mm, if necessary, the landing surface is adjusted with a building mixture.
• The panels are lowered by a truck crane onto a cement-sand bed, the necessary tilting is done manually, before the slings are removed, when a discrepancy in levels with adjacent panels is determined by more than 5 mm, the product is removed, the sand-cement layer is changed and lowered again.
• At the next stage, after installing the panel, the mounting loops are connected by welding to wall anchors and to lifting fasteners of adjacent reinforced concrete slabs, and the gaps between the tiles are filled with sand-cement mortar to the full thickness of the reinforced concrete panel.
• To thermally insulate the slab floor in winter, it is necessary to lay voids in the supporting areas hollow core slabs expanded clay concrete 120÷200 mm deep.
• To compensate for structural movements, there must be a gap of within 5 centimeters between the edge of the ceiling and the masonry, and in order to prevent freezing, it is worth inserting foam insulation into this gap.

Asbestos cement slate roof

The roofing material is laid on a supporting frame made of a sheathing layer and trusses.

In the case of low-rise housing construction, a scheme of 2 and 3 spans with intermediate supports and inclined rafter beams is usually performed.

The lower ends of the rafters are placed on a mauerlat measuring 10x10...15x15 cm; the distance between the rafter beams is within 600...900 mm with the width/thickness of the rafter legs being 50x150...100x150 mm.

It must be admitted that traditional slate is a striking example of a roofing material that combines strength and low cost, and which, along with this, is famous for its good acoustic protection, fire resistance and waterproof properties.

Domestic factories, as a rule, produce asbestos-cement slate measuring 1.75x1.13 m and weighing 15...17 kg, often painted with water-dispersion paint.

Among the shortcomings of asbestos-cement coating, blackening after many years of use, fragility during transportation in a damp state, and the complexity of its installation on unusual roofs are usually noted. And also, in last years, rumors spread about the seemingly toxic nature of asbestos cement, due to the content of asbestos crystals in it. In essence, it is necessary to clarify that Russian-mined asbestos differs significantly from foreign species (amphibole type), and is non-hazardous, moreover, being in the environment of a cement binder.

Roofs made of profiled slate sheets are used for slope slopes of at least 20° and, usually, 1-2 pitched roofs, the standard service life of professionally installed asbestos cement sheets is 35…40 years.

For asbestos-cement roofs, ridge and valley elements are usually made of galvanized steel sheets.

It is recommended to cover the completed roof with a water-based coloring composition suggested for slate materials (Polifan, Kilpi (Tikkurila), Polifarb (Debiza), Dachbeschichtung (Dufa), Akrilakma-Slate, Akrem-Slate, Slate-Color, Eter Akva (Vivacolor), Shikril) , which extends the service life of slate roofing by 1.5-2.5 times.

The procedure for installing asbestos-cement roofing is quite simple and consists of the following:

• At right angles to the rafters, a sheathing of 50x50 mm bars or boards with uncut edges 25...30 mm thick is nailed, with an interval of 20300 mm30 cm.
• The corners of diagonally opposite slate sheets are cut: at the bottom - at the top, at the top - at the bottom, or, in other words, the slate sheets at the beginning and end of each even row are cut in half lengthwise for further laying "in a staggered manner" so that the adjacent corners of the four sheets are not overlapped and did not contribute to the formation of leakage zones.
• In the upper zones of waves, at a distance of 80...100 mm from the edges slate sheet and in increments of two or three waves, mounting holes are drilled, with a cross-section slightly wider than a nail.
• Slate sheets are nailed with roofing nails, 10 cm in size with insulating inserts, to the bars or sheathing boards, from bottom to top along the slope, through drilled holes, along the width of the slope - with an overlap of 12...14 cm, and horizontally - with an overlap of 1 wave.

Features of a country house made of foam blocks. Advantages and disadvantages. Stages of work. Creating a reliable foundation, walls and roof. Finishing work.

Having chosen a country house made of foam blocks to create a cozy structure on a plot of land, you need to know all the nuances of construction so that the building is durable and reliable.

This article reveals the structure and features of foam concrete. How to properly prepare garden house to construction from foam concrete. How the walls of a country house are built from foam blocks. How to do it roof structure and a foam block ceiling. What is the exterior cladding of the building?

What are the benefits of foam blocks and what are their disadvantages? Features of the construction of the foundation, roof and reliable finishing work. Functions of the foam block in terms of strength, heat capacity and specific gravity. How the structure is covered, the choice of solution. Features of reinforcement and creation of partitions. Why are foam blocks chosen for country house construction?

The structure of the foam block is a hardened foamed cement mortar (cellular concrete), entirely consisting of closed pores.

This porosity gives the blocks a number of very useful qualities.:

• low thermal conductivity. Foam concrete is an excellent heat insulator. At correct design allows you to significantly save on heating costs at home;
• environmental friendliness. The breathable material creates a microclimate that is not inferior to a wooden house. Neutral for allergy sufferers and asthmatics;
• light weight. Makes it possible to save on foundation work and choose a lightweight foundation structure for building a house;
• ease of operation. Even an inexperienced builder can build a country house with his own hands from foam blocks, as if from construction blocks;
• high sound insulation.

Preparing for the construction of a garden house made of foam block

Foam blocks do not like long-term storage under open air. Their purchase and delivery to the site is scheduled for the moment when the preparatory work is completed and the foundation is erected.

Blocks delivered to the construction site are immediately covered with plastic film or other waterproof material.

Since foam concrete, due to its fragility, cannot withstand deformations and movements of the foundation on which the walls of the house are erected, a careful and meticulous approach is required to preparing the site and laying the foundation. The place where the house will be built from foam blocks must be carefully leveled. It is unacceptable to lay a foundation on bulk soil without allowing it to sit and settle for 1-2 years, or you need to do high-quality layer-by-layer compaction of the earth.

Due to the fact that foam concrete has a small specific gravity, you can make a lightweight strip-type foundation. It's easy to build with your own hands.

The initial action is marking using stakes and cord. Trench under strip foundation made with a margin of width for installing formwork and depth to create a sand cushion. A layer of sand 15 cm thick is poured inside the formwork put together from boards and compacted. A reinforcing frame is installed on the sand cushion and concrete is poured. To guarantee reliability, the construction of walls made of foam blocks with your own hands begins after the concrete in the foundation strip has completely dried.

A waterproofing layer is applied to the concrete surface to wall blocks could not absorb moisture from the soil. Waterproofing can be easily done with your own hands by spreading roofing material over the surface of the foundation covered with bitumen mastic.

Construction of country house walls from foam blocks

The rules for constructing the walls of a house from foam blocks with your own hands require starting work from the corners. Even if special glue is used during further laying, the first three rows of blocks are laid on cement mortar. Recipe masonry mixture usual - cement and sand in a ratio of 1:3. A mooring cord is pulled between the corner blocks from the outside. It will serve as a guide for laying out the first row.

An unmistakably made first row is the key to the quality of the entire box of a country house. Using a level, all verticals and horizontals are checked, protruding irregularities are sanded. Starting from the third row, you can use glue for foam blocks. It allows you to minimize the thickness of the seams, which has a positive effect on the thermal insulation of walls - thick cement joints serve as cold bridges. The joint of blocks in a row must be at least 10 cm away from the joint in the previous row.

To strengthen the structure of the house, every 3rd row of blocks is reinforced. This can be done using a thin metal mesh or reinforcing wire laid in grooved grooves. The groove is cut with a grinder or wall cutter 6 cm from the edge and cleaned of cement dust. The wire is laid in a moistened groove and covered with cement mortar. The corners of the house are passed by laying bent wire rather than cutting it.

An important task when building a house from foam blocks with your own hands is bandaging the walls. Load-bearing walls are tied together using masonry, additionally strengthened with anchors. Internal partitions are installed either without cutting into the external walls, or they are cut to a depth of 15 cm.

Expert opinion

Filimonov Evgeniy

Ask a question to an expert

On masonry interior partitions in the garden house there is a thinner foam block - 7.5-10 cm.

To strengthen window and door openings, reinforced concrete lintels are installed. For this purpose you can purchase finished goods or cast them locally with your own hands. At the top of the opening, formwork is placed along the entire thickness of the wall, a metal frame for reinforcement is laid in it, and concrete is poured.

Both factory and homemade jumpers must protrude at least 20 cm on each side of the opening for support.

The top row of masonry, crowning the box of a country house made of foam block, is completed by casting the so-called armored belt. It will take over and distribute the load from the roofing structure, protecting light, fragile foam blocks from excessive pressure. To install a monolithic armored belt, formwork is built around the perimeter of the external walls, reinforcement is knitted and installed, and concrete is poured. Anchors are fixed in uncured concrete for subsequent installation. wooden floor. After the monolith has hardened, you can begin constructing the roof.

How to make a ceiling and roofing structure in a country house from foam block

The ceiling in a house made of foam concrete blocks is made using wooden beams. The distance between the beams should be 60 cm. Rafters are mounted to the beams securely fixed with anchors. The material for rafters and ceilings must be of high quality - well-dried coniferous wood (larch, pine) with mandatory antiseptic treatment.

The lathing is carried out depending on the roofing material:

• for soft bitumen shingles continuous covering of the rafters with sheets of plywood or OSB will be required;
• sparse lathing is suitable for corrugated sheets, metal tiles, and ondulin;
• ceramic tiles and slate are too heavy materials. It is better not to use them on a country house made of foam block.

How to veneer a garden house made of foam block

Perhaps the only serious disadvantage of foam concrete walls compared to wood or brick is the need for internal and external cladding. Interior decoration is no different from similar work in rooms made of other materials. Plaster, gypsum board sheathing, followed by painting or wallpapering, and ceramic tiles are used.

There are a huge number of options for external cladding of the walls of a country house made of foam concrete blocks.

Most of them can be done with your own hands:

• facing with decorative bricks. Its hollow structure will create additional insulation;
• textured and ordinary plaster;
• combined finishing. For example, textured plaster in combination with natural stone or decorating plastered facades in the half-timbered style with dark wooden panels;
• plating wooden clapboard, blockhouse;
• usage plastic panels, siding.

With a high-quality foundation, reliable waterproofing and compliance with the recommended wall construction technology, a country house built from foam concrete blocks will retain its properties for decades.

What are the benefits of foam blocks?

Country houses made of foam blocks are lightweight and fireproof. Thanks to the large dimensions of the blocks and precise dimensions, construction is carried out at high speed. It is quite possible to build a house over the summer.

The use of foam blocks in the construction of various structures guarantees heat conservation and fast pace of work. A country house made of this material will cost more than one made of wood, but less than one made of brick.

• They have a precise geometric shape and the dimensions are well maintained. Therefore, they can be installed quickly
• Moisture resistant
• Inexpensive
• Strength increases over time
• They have very low thermal conductivity. According to this indicator, it is one of the most the best materials for construction
• They have a small specific gravity. Therefore, they are manufactured in fairly large sizes, which has a positive effect on the speed of wall construction
• Easy to handle

But there are also disadvantages

• Cannot bear heavy loads
• Slowly gaining strength. In this case, shrinkage occurs. And as a result, cracks may occur.

Expert opinion

Filimonov Evgeniy

Professional builder. 20 years of experience

Ask a question to an expert

Use high-quality autoclaved foam concrete - it is less susceptible to shrinkage.

For the construction of one-story country houses The strength of foam concrete is quite sufficient. In this case, it is necessary to strengthen the upper load-bearing row with reinforcement.

Foundation

Usually, when building a country house, a shallow strip foundation is used. It can be done in different ways.

• From prefabricated blocks laid without connection, freely
• Made from blocks, with reinforced belts installed above and below the blocks
• Made from rigidly connected reinforced concrete blocks
• Made from monolithic reinforced concrete

The choice of method is made depending on the properties of the soil. The reinforced tape option is suitable for both subsidence and highly heaving soils. The width of the tape is made to exceed the thickness of the walls by 10-20 cm. Laying depth - up to 60 cm. Base - within 40 cm.

On heaving soils, it is necessary to install a cushion made of non-freezing material.

Construction of the foundation

Stages of performing a strip reinforced foundation with shallow depth:

1. Marking
2. Development of trenches. If the soil does not crumble, trenches are made the width of the foundation. Their walls will act as formwork
3. Filling a 30-centimeter sand and gravel bed in layers, compacting each layer. The thickness of each layer is 10 cm
4. Laying waterproofing material on the bottom and walls of the trench
5. Installation of formwork under the above-ground part of the foundation (basement)
6. Installation of fittings
7. Pouring concrete

Foundation quality conditions

To build a quality foundation, the following conditions must be met.

• The correct proportions of components in the concrete mixture
• There should be no air bubbles (voids) in the concrete. To achieve this, use a vibrator or bayonet the concrete with a metal rod.
• There should be no interruptions during filling

After pouring, until the concrete hardens, it requires maintenance. It must be protected from the sun, watered hot weather. Insulate in cold weather.
Rolled waterproofing material is laid on top of the foundation. The overlap of stripes must be at least 15 cm.

Wall masonry

Before you start building walls, you need to check the horizontalness of the foundation. The permissible height difference is 3 cm. If necessary, leveling should be done with cement mortar.

The upper plane of the blocks laid in the wall must be horizontal. That is, not only the edges running along the wall must be horizontal, but also those across them. Horizontal control is carried out using a level. The position of the block is adjusted if necessary with a rubber hammer.

First row

The laying of the first row must be done with extreme precision - the accuracy of the construction of the entire house depends on this.

• Find the highest point of the foundation using a level. The first block is laid in the corner closest to this point
• Then blocks are installed in all other corners
• A mooring cord is stretched between the corner blocks along the outer edge of the wall. The first row is filled in using it
• If any unevenness in the masonry is formed, they are eliminated with a plane or sanding board. Dirt and dust are removed with a brush

Reinforcement

The reinforcement is laid on foam blocks after filling the first row, and then after laying every fourth row. A smoothly curved rod is placed in the corners.

• Using a grinder, grooves of 4x4 cm are made at a distance from the edge of the block of at least 6 cm
• The grooves are cleaned of dust and moistened with water.
• Cement mortar is placed in the groove to half the depth
• A rod moistened with water is laid
• The recess is completely filled with solution

A monolithic belt is made at the floor level. It connects load-bearing walls along the entire perimeter and gives spatial rigidity to the entire structure.

Solution

For laying foam blocks the following can be used:

• Cement-sand mortar
• Cement-sand mortar with added lime
• Adhesive for wall blocks

The solution with lime does not set so quickly and has good plasticity.

The glue allows you to make thin seams. It has a fairly liquid consistency and does not set for a long time.

Block cutting

Usually a row cannot be laid using only whole blocks. You have to supplement it with chopped ones.

You can cut blocks with a hand hacksaw. The cutting line is drawn with a pencil on two adjacent sides to ensure an accurate cut. The cut surface is leveled with a sanding board or plane. A smooth surface is necessary to ensure good adhesion between the solution and the block.

Load-bearing walls

After laying the first row, you need to wait 1-2 hours until the solution sets. Then the wall masonry continues.

• Corner blocks are laid and leveled
• The mooring is being stretched
• The row is filled with foam blocks
• Irregularities are removed with a plane or sanding board

Expert opinion

Filimonov Evgeniy

Professional builder. 20 years of experience

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The ligation of seams must be at least 10 cm. The minimum length of the outer blocks (corner, opening) is 11.5 cm.

Internal load-bearing walls are connected to external ones by bandaging.

Partitions

1. The junction of the partition is indicated on the load-bearing wall
2. At this point, flexible connections (anchors) made of of stainless steel. One end is in the load-bearing wall, the other is in the seam of the partition
3. Anchors are secured with nails

Anchors are inserted into load-bearing wall through the row. It is allowed not to secure them with nails, but simply press them into the solution.

Door and window openings

You can buy factory-made lintels for ceilings, or they can be made from homemade hollow foam blocks, having a P-shaped cross-section.

1. Mark the locations of the cuts on the foam block
2. Having cut through the grooves, chop off the inner part with a construction hammer
3. Hollow blocks in the shape of an inverted letter U are laid over the opening on wooden supports. These can be boards or beams. The supports can be nailed to the side walls of the opening
4. 12-16 mm reinforcement is placed inside the cavity and concrete is poured. The supports remain until the concrete hardens.

You can lay foam blocks over the opening and on metal corners.

Roof

Wooden beams are usually used to construct floors in a foam block house.
The type of roof, its design and shape may vary. Its construction is not much different from this type of work when constructing houses using other building materials.

Exterior decoration

Although foam concrete is not soaked to a great depth when exposed to moisture, the surface layer absorbs it quite well. So if the walls are not covered with exterior finishing, they darken and begin to collapse.

The following can be used as exterior finishing for walls made of foam blocks:

• Hinged cladding installed with a gap (siding, decorative panels, covering the house with imitation timber)
• Decorative plaster
• Composite panels
• Natural and artificial stone
• Painting with silicone paints

The construction of a country house from foam blocks is relatively inexpensive, and construction occurs quickly. If you have some construction skills, it is quite possible to make such a house with your own hands.

Quality indicators of foam blocks

You can quickly build a reliable, warm country house using foam blocks as a material. Block foam concrete has several varieties, differing overall dimensions, physical indicators.

The use of foam blocks is justified when constructing a building up to a 2-story size.

The qualitative characteristics of the material have the following advantages:

• high thermal insulation performance;
• environmental friendliness;
• lightness, allowing the installation of lightweight types of foundations;
• ease of installation;
• increased sound insulation;
• moisture resistance.

The time spent on the construction of panel-block structures is significantly reduced. One-story houses are built in literally 3-4 weeks.

The cost-effectiveness of the material allows you to significantly reduce the budget costs required to build a full-fledged house.

Distinctive characteristics of foam concrete blocks are:

• high resistance to mold and fungal infections. Unlike wood, foam block is not subject to rotting;
• increased fire resistance also distinguishes foam blocks from wood.

The disadvantages of the materials are:

• the need for facade finishing;
• need for insulation;
• If installation technology or waterproofing is performed incorrectly, cracks appear and the material collapses.

Country houses made of sip panels

Sip panels are high-tech elements ready for immediate assembly. The construction period for a country house from such material is only 2-3 weeks.

The many advantages of the panels in question popularize the technology in modern low-rise construction.

Walls erected by craftsmen from combined SIP panels have significant quality indicators:

• speed of assembly;
• no need for a monolithic, massive foundation;
• no shrinkage;
• possibility of construction in any season convenient for you.

Heat capacity

The increased heat capacity of SIP panels exceeds this figure frame house by 50%. The absence of cold bridges guarantees long-lasting heat retention throughout the entire wall area.

Strength

A country house built using the material in question is more durable than frame structures.

House weight

A house with an area of ​​up to 200 square meters weighs about 10-15 tons, which is up to 20 times less than the weight of a brick structure of similar size and thermal conductivity.

Increased area

Due to the small thickness of the SIP panel, the area of ​​the house being built increases.

For example, the standard thickness of brick walls is 510mm. The thickness of the SIP material is 174mm.

It turns out that a house with dimensions of 10x10 made of brick will have an area of ​​80.64 m2, and of sip panels - 93.12 m2. Almost 13 squares - the difference is significant; they can accommodate any room, bathroom, utility room.

Country house made of sandwich panels

Sandwich panels are understandably popular in the construction of country houses. Multilayer material is easy to install; such a house does not require a massive foundation.

Expert opinion

Filimonov Evgeniy

Professional builder. 20 years of experience

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Simplicity of house assembly is ensured by factory preparation structural elements: by cutting slabs into certain sizes, making grooves, fastening holes, helps builders assemble an object like a construction set.

A building made from sandwich panels does not require façade finishing. Domestic Finishing work can be made using all kinds of materials without restrictions.
If you additionally insulate the walls with polystyrene, then the owner will significantly save on heating. A house built from the material in question requires 5 times less energy consumption than a structure made from traditional brick, reinforced concrete, or blocks.

$ Country house made of foam blocks price

The cost of foam blocks will save the budget of the future owner of a new country house. Today the price of foam blocks starts at $50 per 1m3.

Advantages of foam blocks

Country houses made of foam blocks have a number of their own practical advantages, which is why they are popular.

So:

• Walls made from this seem to “breathe”, and as a result, condensation does not form on them compared to wooden walls;
• The block itself, due to its porous structure, has a low density, the air bubbles inside do not conduct heat, so a house made of foam blocks is warm in winter and heats up slowly in summer;
• The foam block has good sound insulation, again due to its composition;
• The service life of a house built from a foam block is quite long and is at least 50 years;
• Thanks to its natural ingredients, foam blocks can be classified as environmentally friendly building materials, this factor is especially important if there are small children or people susceptible to allergic reactions in the family;
• A house made of foam blocks retains heat well, which can significantly reduce heating costs;
• When constructing walls using foam blocks, the overall labor costs are reduced, since the block has big size Compared to brick, this allows you to build walls faster; you can make a country house from foam blocks with your own hands quite quickly;
• Porous concrete blocks have low flammability and can withstand large temperature fluctuations. When the premises are put into operation, firefighters will have no questions;
• Since foam blocks are made of concrete, and concrete, as you know, gains more over time greater strength, therefore, walls made of such blocks have long term operation;
• The blocks are porous and therefore light, almost twice as light as brickwork; due to their low weight, the foundation for a house made of foam blocks can be made lighter, which will affect its cost;
• Due to the low weight and ease of construction of walls from porous blocks, you can build a small structure, for example a country house, in a very short time.

Based on these factors, it is not surprising that a number of organizations prefer to use foam blocks and offer turnkey construction of houses.

But don’t rush, you can easily try to implement a small country house project yourself, having familiarized yourself with the necessary stages of construction from foam blocks.

Expert opinion

Filimonov Evgeniy

Professional builder. 20 years of experience

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Attention: Country houses made of foam blocks also have their big drawback; you will have to do the cladding of the room. And this means the costs and price of construction will increase.

We make a dacha ourselves

Building a country house from foam blocks is not an easy task, but it is doable. Below are instructions on how to perform the work. There are no trifles here, everything will affect the final result.

Choice of solution

To build walls from porous concrete blocks, it is necessary to use a binder - mortar.

There are several types:

Cement-sand

This solution is of standard composition in a proportion of 1/4 (cement and sand). The layer is about 1 cm thick. Plasticizers can be added to the solution and there are instructions for this on our website.

Advantages: easy to prepare, low price, allows you to lay out walls from blocks of imperfect geometry and those with small chips.

Disadvantages: time required to prepare the mortar, during the laying process it is necessary to pay a lot of attention to leveling the wall, the presence of cold bridges when the seam increases.

Special adhesive solution

It is a dry powder.

• To prepare the solution for use, this powder must be diluted with water in the proportions indicated on the package.
• After this, use a construction mixer to thoroughly mix the components, resulting in a homogeneous solution. When laying masonry, the seam is made about 2-3 mm.

Advantages: such a solution is quick and easy to prepare; when laying, small seams are formed, which has a beneficial effect on the appearance of the masonry - it reduces the cost of plastering work to level the surface and reduces heat losses of the entire wall.

Cons: you only need to buy a specialized one adhesive composition For blocks, block laying must be done by a qualified person.

Regular frost-resistant tile adhesive

Tile adhesive is used for gluing various materials and its undoubted advantage is its resistance to difficult atmospheric conditions.

Laying blocks and brick cladding

Foam block has good sound-proofing and heat-insulating properties compared to brick.

To obtain a high-quality design, it is necessary to adhere to technology when carrying out work, namely:

• In the areas of window and door openings, lay prefabricated lintels or install monolithic ones, additionally reinforcing them with two reinforcing bars.
• Carefully and carefully place the first row of blocks and continue laying regularly checking the verticality and horizontality of the wall being built.
• If desired, to obtain a more solid appearance of the house, you can line the bkok walls with decorative bricks.
• When working with cladding, you can use bricks of various shades and sizes, as well as decorative facing tiles.
• Before installing the rafter system for the roof, you should make a small monolithic belt of cement-sand mortar along the top row of blocks and lay the reinforcing mesh in the mortar.

Guided by the rules, it won’t be difficult to do everything yourself:

• The first row of blocks is laid, as a rule, along the longest side using cement-sand mortar, and do not forget about the waterproofing layer between the foundation and the first row of foam blocks.
• It is better to lay out the second and subsequent rows using special glue, spreading bottom row, while observing the overlap of the blocks - the vertical seams should not coincide.
• You also need to monitor the dressing. The seam in order should not match.
• Do not forget to provide openings for installing windows and doors.

Expert opinion

Filimonov Evgeniy

Professional builder. 20 years of experience

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Attention: If the wall thickness is less than 30 cm, and the house is planned for year-round use, it is better to insulate it; polystyrene foam or mineral wool slabs with a thickness of at least five cm can be used as insulation

.

• The insulation is attached to the wall with special anchors, and a fiberglass reinforcement mesh is glued on top of it to protect the insulation from mechanical damage.
• Apply along the grid decorative plaster and subsequently painted in the required color. If the façade is supposed to be faced with brick, then the work is carried out as follows: laying decorative bricks is done using cement-sand mortar, always securing the cladding to the main wall using flexible connections; you can use special elements or reinforcing wire, attaching it to the wall made of foam blocks.
• It is necessary to connect the cladding to the wall with flexible connections - this will prevent the appearance of cracks during the settlement of the building.
• To create an air gap between the wall made of foam blocks and the cladding, it is necessary to provide a small gap of 3-4 cm, so the wall can “breathe” and save you from condensation and excess dampness.

Overlapping of the building

To perform the overlap, you need to contact a specialist or use ready-made technical solutions. A specialist will help you calculate the required bearing capacity future covering, taking into account your situation, will select all the necessary materials and their quantities, which will allow you not to spend extra money.

After this, you can begin work on the overlap:

• The ends of beams laid on the wall must be wrapped waterproofing material, to prevent wood rotting. At the same time, leave the ends of the beams open for unhindered air circulation.
• The floor beams are laid at a distance of five centimeters from the walls, and at least 40 centimeters from the chimney.
• Next, vapor-permeable film and insulation should be laid on the beams and the hemmed rough ceiling.
• Afterwards, the insulation is better covered with a subfloor; it is made from sheets of plywood or particleboard panels.

Extension to the house

Time will pass, your family will grow and you will need more space. In this case, to existing house you can make an extension from the same foam block.

The entire construction process is repeated in the same sequence as previously for the main house:

• Marking the future extension and digging a pit.
• Laying walls made of foam blocks, having previously laid waterproofing layer between the foundation and the first row of blocks.

Expert opinion

Filimonov Evgeniy

Professional builder. 20 years of experience

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Attention: The walls of the extension must be attached to the main house. For fastening, reinforced metal brackets are usually used.

Country house It’s quite possible to make one out of foam blocks with your own hands. Look at the photo and choose the layout you want. After that, purchase quality material and you can slowly start doing the work.

Reinforcement

After the first row is completely filled, reinforcing bars should be laid on top of the foam blocks. In the future, the reinforcement must be laid after installing every 4th row.

Place a smoothly curved steel rod in the corners.

• First step. Using a grinder, prepare grooves measuring 40x40 mm at a distance of at least 60 mm from the edge of the building block.
• Second step. Clean the grooves from dust and moisten them with clean water.
• Third step. Fill the grooves with cement mortar to about half the volume.
• Fourth step. Place moistened reinforcement bars in the grooves.
• Fifth step. Fill the recesses completely with the solution. Where the ceiling is placed, the reinforced belt must be monolithic. It will make the structure more rigid.

Load-bearing walls

Rest 1-2 hours after laying out the first row of blocks. During this time, the solution will have time to set. Continue laying out the walls.

• Lay and level the corner foam blocks.
• Pull the mooring.
• Fill the entire row with foam blocks.
• Remove uneven surfaces using a sanding board or plane.
• Carry out the laying so that the seams are bandaged at least 100 mm. Minimum permissible length extreme elements installed in openings and corners - 115 mm.
• Tie the outer and inner load-bearing walls using a standard dressing.

Partitions

Proceed with the construction of internal partitions.

• First step. Mark on the load-bearing wall the place where it meets the partition.
• Second step. Place stainless steel anchors in the designated area. Place one end into the load-bearing wall, secure the other end into the seam of the partition. Such fasteners must be inserted into the load-bearing wall through one row of blocks.
• Third step. Secure the anchors with nails. It is also allowed to simply press the anchors into the solution without using nails.

Openings for windows and double-glazed windows

Buy or make lintels yourself from hollow foam blocks for arranging the floor. The cross-section of such jumpers should look like the letter P. Mark the cut sections on the foam block, then remove the inner part with a hammer. Install hollow foam blocks that look like the letter P on top of the opening being constructed. Install on wooden supports. For example, timber or boards will do.

Attach the supports with nails to the side walls of the opening. Place reinforcement in the inner strips and pour concrete. Do not remove supports until the poured concrete has gained strength. Also, foam blocks can be laid on top of the opening being constructed on metal corners.

Why choose foam blocks for country house construction?

By choosing foam blocks for the construction of a cozy turnkey country house, you get a number of advantages:

• from popular materials for the construction of walls, foam blocks have the lowest cost;
• the possibility of quick construction, since the blocks are much larger in size than standard bricks;
• foam blocks are lightweight, therefore, construction does not require the use of powerful mechanisms;
• saving money and time when laying the foundation;
• environmentally friendly material that retains heat well;
• high level of moisture resistance.

In addition to these advantages, many buyers choose foam blocks because of the opportunity to build a country house on their own for short term. Any cottage construction company will build a country house relatively inexpensively, however, even with basic construction skills, it is quite possible to cope with this task on your own.

What expenses make up the cost of a country house?

In order to compare the cost of self-construction and the cost of building a turnkey house or cottage offered by a construction company, you should draw up at least an approximate estimated cost of the materials needed to build the house.

A huge number of ready-made country house projects using foam concrete are now offered - from miniature houses consisting of a room and a kitchen to real fairy-tale palaces. It is clear that you won’t be able to build a palace yourself, but a small house for summer holiday- a very real task.

When drawing up an estimate of construction costs, you should take into account not only the cost of materials necessary for the construction of the building, you must remember that it will be necessary to supply water to the house and solve the heating problem, if it is provided for by the project. Calculate how much materials for roofing will cost, do not forget that even the most small house needs windows and doors.

If there is an opportunity and desire to connect to a centralized gas supply, consider these costs as well. Delivery of materials also has its own cost, so it is also necessary to take them into account when drawing up estimates. If there is work that is not possible to do on your own, then be sure to find out how much the services of specialists will cost in order to provide for all these costs in the construction estimate.

Only in this way can one determine what savings will result from self-construction country house. It is quite possible that this will result in much more hassle than money saved. However, the work done will be useful in any case - even if a decision is made to contact construction company, then the customer will know the specific cost of construction work and necessary materials.

Based on materials from the site: dizainsad.ru, megabeaver.ru, etotdom.com, kladka-info.ru, svoimi-rykami.ru, ro-stroj.ru

A country house made of foam blocks has a number of advantages. This material provides fire safety, gives good thermal insulation, and the construction process does not take much time. Foam block is ideal option for the construction of small structures.

Material advantages

The foam block is made from a cement-sand substance. According to the type of product they are divided into:

• foam concrete block;
• gas silicate block.

The main advantages include:

• the blocks have precise shapes and sizes, which allows for quick installation;
• have high moisture resistance;
• relatively inexpensive material;
• the longer the service life, the greater their strength;
• have low thermal conductivity;
• are light in weight;
• easy to process.

When building a house with foam concrete products, we recommend laying them on cement mortar, this will increase the warmth of the walls. When building a house from a gas silicate product, we recommend doing the masonry using special glue.

Disadvantages of the material:

• the material is not able to withstand heavy loads;
• shrinkage of the structure and the formation of cracks is possible.

If the house design is one-story, the strength of the foam concrete structure will be sufficient, the main thing is to strengthen the load-bearing row with reinforcement.

Construction of the foundation

How to build a country house from foam blocks with your own hands? As a rule, for the construction of country houses, a shallow shallow-type strip foundation is used. It can be done in several ways:

• make free laying of prefabricated blocks;
• using a reinforcing belt device;
• made of monolithic reinforced concrete;
• using rigidly connected reinforced concrete blocks.

The method of building houses from foam blocks is based on studies of soil properties land plot. For example, tape reinforcement is performed for planting and heaving soil types.

The construction of a foundation for a dacha made of foam blocks is carried out taking into account the following indicators:

• the width of the walls should be 20 cm;
• depth - no more than 60 cm;
• height of the base - 40 cm.

Important! For heaving soil, it is necessary to construct a cushion using anti-freeze material.

Stages of work:

• first you need to mark the site;
• then we dig trenches;
• make a layer of sand and gravel cushion and compact it thoroughly;
• lay waterproofing material;
• installing formwork;
• we make fittings;
• fill everything with concrete mortar.

In order for a house made of foam blocks to be built with your own hands with high quality, we advise you to adhere to the following rules:

• count correct proportions for solution;
• prevent the formation of voids in concrete;
• Avoid interruptions when pouring the foundation.

Country houses made of foam blocks in the photo.

Expert advice! After pouring the foundation, it must be insulated, and in hot weather, moistened and protected from sunlight.

Walling

Before starting construction of a country house made of foam blocks, it is necessary to check the horizontalness of the base. Permissible deviations may be 3 cm, if the value is more than acceptable, it is necessary to level it. An important point When laying the first row of walls, its accuracy is important. Curvature of the line is unacceptable, otherwise the house will not be built well and will begin to collapse. For construction smooth walls necessary:

• determine the highest point, place the first block in the corner next to the marked place;
• install blocks in other corners;
• Stretch a construction cord between the blocks and do the laying;
• then we reinforce the first row, and then every fourth row, we fix a curved rod in the corners.
• Using a grinder, we make grooves at a distance of 6 cm from the block;
• we clean them from dust and moisten them;
• pour the solution into the depth of the groove;
• fix the rod, pre-wet it with water;
• fill the fine to the end.

Laying walls taking into account construction requirements makes it possible to build a cottage from foam blocks without errors.

After the walls are ready, they need to be insulated using mineral wool or polystyrene foam. If you correctly follow the entire process of insulating a house, the structure will not be inferior to brick houses.

Quality of cement mortar

The construction of a country house from foam blocks involves the use of high-quality cement mortar. For the strength of laying the walls, you need to know what solution can be used. As a rule, builders use the following types:

• combination of cement and sand;
• cement, sand and adding lime;
• special glue for blocks.

When lime is added to the solution, it becomes plastic and quickly holds together. When using glue, you can make thin seams; its structure has a liquid consistency.

Construction of door and window openings

For installing door and window openings use ready-made factory jumpers. They have a U-shaped cross-section and are easily fixed in the structure. Openings are made as follows:

• the cut location is marked on the block;
• then the grooves are sawed and the inner part is chipped off;
• the blocks are laid on top of the opening on a wooden support;
• the fittings are fixed inside;
• everything is filled with concrete.

After constructing the openings, you can begin constructing the roof. Its type and material can be any.

Exterior decoration of the house

Houses made of foam concrete are highly resistant to moisture, but the surface layer of the product can absorb large quantities of water. In order for the structure to be reliable and not subject to destruction, it should be covered with external finishing. For the exterior decoration of a house made of foam blocks, you can perform the following steps:

• cover with siding;
• use decorative plaster;
• use composite panels;
• decorate with artificial stone;
• paint with silicate paint.

After completing all construction work, you can begin installing electricity, sewerage and heating systems.

A house made of foam blocks with your own hands is much cheaper than hired labor. For a strong and reliable structure of a building, simple skills and knowledge in construction are required. A self-built country house made of foam blocks will bring any of your projects to life.

If you decide to build a country house, then today there are many building materials that you could use to build walls. However, if you need to build a strong and reliable building in short terms, then the best solution would be to use foam block as a building material.

These days, there are a variety of free projects for country houses made of foam blocks, and this article will help you avoid typical mistakes, which most home craftsmen allow.

Foam block - a universal building material

A foam concrete block is obtained by adding a foaming agent to a regular concrete composition (cement, sand and water).

There are two technologies for producing this material:

1. Molding method, in which the solution is poured into special molds, in which it gains strength, turning into a block. As a rule, such blocks are characterized by some error, and therefore they are laid using cement mortar.
2. Cutting method, in which large-sized blocks are first obtained from a solution, which are dried in an oven and cut into products of certain parameters. This production method is highly accurate, and the error in this case is no more than 1 mm. Such blocks are placed on special adhesive mixtures, which are applied in a thin layer (usually 1-2 mm).

Block characteristics

1. Durability. The material practically does not age, and provided correct installation and proper waterproofing will maintain unique properties for decades.
2. Excellent sound insulation.
3. Environmental friendliness. Doesn't highlight harmful substances, second only to wood in terms of environmental friendliness.
4. Walls made of foam blocks “breathe”, creating an excellent indoor microclimate, which is useful for allergy sufferers, asthmatics, etc.
5. Heat. This material itself is an excellent heat insulator. It allows you to reduce heating costs by up to 30%.
6. Easy to use. Building a country house from foam blocks with your own hands is as simple as working with bricks.
7. Various sizes and shapes of foam concrete blocks open up a wide range of design solutions for you.
8. Fire resistance.
9. The low weight of the material simplifies the installation process and allows you to save on construction costs by laying the foundation to a shallower depth.

Related articles:

Choosing a foundation

Any project for a country house made of foam blocks requires a solid foundation, since this material needs a stable foundation that minimizes deformations resulting from soil heaving. Therefore, some experts recommend installing such buildings on a monolithic (floating) foundation.

In practice this is not necessary, especially since monolithic foundation has quite significant disadvantages:

1. Impossibility of arranging a basement.
2. High price due to pouring concrete into the pit.

If we discard this option, then there are two bases left: columnar and ribbon. Let's focus on tape, since it is more durable.

Filling the strip foundation

Many inexpensive country houses made of foam blocks are installed on a strip base.

The instructions for pouring such a foundation are quite simple:

1. We mark the area for the foundation. To do this, we use pegs, installing them around the perimeter of the base based on the width of the tapes. We stretch the fishing line tightly between the pegs.

Advice! When marking, you need to leave allowances for the formwork (about 15 cm). The depth of the trench should also be 15 cm greater than planned for the sand cushion layer.

1. We dig a trench.
2. We install wooden beams around the perimeter of the trench. Formwork made of boards will be mounted on them.
3. When the formwork is ready, pour sand into it, in a layer of 15 cm. Then water it with water and compact it tightly.

Advice! To check how well the sand layer is compacted, you should simply step on it. If there is no trace left on the sandy surface, then the sand “cushion” is ready.

1. To prevent concrete from sticking to the formwork, it is necessary to moisten its surface with water, covering it with a light layer of cement mixture.
2. We knit a reinforced frame from rods and wire.

1. We lay the reinforcement in the formwork.
2. Pour the concrete, distributing it evenly using wooden board. After a month, you will be able to start building walls.

We build walls from foam blocks

So, we are building a country house from foam blocks:

1. We clean the blocks from dirt, dust, snow, etc.
2. If there are chips on the surface of the block, they must be cleaned. If the chips are deep, you should not use such material.
3. Before laying the first row, a layer of waterproofing should be laid. We use roofing felt as a waterproofing material, which is laid in 1 or 2 layers.
4. We prepare a cement-sand mortar with a component ratio of 1:3.
5. “Traditional” masonry of foam blocks is carried out in two blocks + a facing layer of half a brick.

1. Laying foam concrete blocks should start from the corners. From what angle it doesn’t matter. The thickness of the seams should not exceed 30 mm. If work is carried out in dry and hot weather, moisten the blocks with water immediately before laying.
2. Having laid the first row, you should check its horizontalness using a level. If minor irregularities are found, remove them using a grinding tool.
3. Subsequent rows are laid out on a light mortar with a joint thickness of about 15 mm.
4. To strengthen the structure, every third row of masonry should be reinforced by laying a thin metal mesh.

1. To place blocks, use a rubber mallet to knock down the block, shaking it slightly as you do so.
2. Jumpers over doorways or you can buy factory-made windows or make them yourself:

• We set up formwork equal in width to the thickness of the walls.
• We knit and put a reinforcing frame into it.
• Fill with concrete used for masonry.

Conclusion

Having found out how much it costs to build a country house from foam blocks, many home craftsmen decide to build a building from this material. In general, the material is easy to work with, although it has some specifics.

If you follow all the above instructions, you will certainly be able to build the house of your dreams. In the video presented in this article you will find additional information on this topic.