Preparing your garden for winter - summer tips before frost. Autumn garden. Preparing the beds for winter. Useful tips for beginners

A caring vegetable grower does not sleep even in winter. At the end of winter, it’s time to prepare the seeds of heat-loving vegetable and flower crops for planting, prepare the soil, and provide seedlings good lighting. And with the onset of spring, vegetable growers begin their first dacha chores: the time has come to visit country cottage area. What does it mean for the upcoming season, and how to properly prepare everything for the start of the sowing season?
"Country Hobbies"

Preparing for the summer season

January February

It's time to think and plan what and where you will plant in the spring.

• Need to think about varieties of vegetable crops. It is better to make a list of the necessary vegetables, green crops and flowers. The more accurate and detailed your list is, the easier it will be to purchase seeds. the required varieties and their number. Choose productive varieties resistant to diseases. This will save you time on fighting diseases and money when purchasing plant protection products. Be sure to pay attention to the expiration date of the seeds.
• You need to remember what you need to replace or buy from your inventory, what you should buy from building materials. Which fertilizers and plant protection products you will need. For getting stable harvest organic fertilizers will be required (high concentration solutions of bird droppings or mullein), mineral fertilizers: superphosphate, wood ash. To deoxidize the soil you will need dolomite flour or lime. It’s a good idea to buy biological products that speed up the composting process and increase the activity of beneficial soil microorganisms (Fitosporin, Baikal, EM, Siyanie).
• Prepare the soil for seedlings, treat it with a solution of potassium permanganate or bake it in the oven.
• The purchased soil should be deoxidized and disinfected peat mixed with turf. Now soil with the beneficial fungus Trichoderma has appeared on sale. But it’s worth learning how to prepare the soil yourself.

March, April

As soon as the earth warms up, you can begin planting coniferous crops. Remember that when planting them, you cannot change the cardinal directions, and you do not need to add fertilizers to the hole, you can only add peat and sand, especially if the area is clay.

Stone fruits (plum, cherry, sweet cherry) are planted in the spring. When planting in autumn, the roots may freeze and the branches may dry out. Fruit trees are planted in the spring before buds appear, when the ground is still cold.

Garden work

In early spring, before the buds wake up, it is necessary to take care of fruit trees and shrubs in order to carry out their sanitary pruning. To do this, cut out all dry, damaged branches, and also carry out thinning to form the crown, if you did not perform this operation in the fall, preparing for winter. It is also necessary to carefully inspect the trees and bushes, clean all cut and broken places, growths, frozen bark and wounds, treat them with garden varnish or paint over them. Minor damage and wounds can be painted without cleaning.

In addition, the trunks should be whitened and skeletal branches garden trees to protect them from burns by the bright spring sun, as well as from pests. Whitewash can be purchased at garden store or whitewash You need to whitewash at least a meter, the higher the better.

Before the onset of warm days, you should collect mummified fruits from bushes and trees, and cut off egg-laying branches from the shoots.

Not bad to process garden plants until the kidneys swell with Nitrofen from all kinds of diseases.

Be sure to remove last year's leaves into the compost bin. But you need to fertilize the bushes when the ground thaws and sap flow begins.

Before the buds bloom on the currants, you need to pour it over hot water to destroy the currant mite.

Inspection of planting material

In early spring it is necessary to inspect and sort out planting material: tubers, rhizomes, bulbs.

If rot is detected, they should be washed well in clean water, and then treated in a bright pink solution of potassium permanganate. Minor damage is cut off with a knife, the cut is dried, and then coated with brilliant green.

Strong seedlings

It is known to be the main stepping stone to excellent harvest. You know the basics. However, check it periodically. Throw out weak and diseased plants mercilessly - they still won’t produce good harvest. If aphids or whiteflies appear, destroy them with your hands, and then treat the seedlings with an infusion of wood ash.

Be sure to arrange additional lighting with lamps daylight, LED strips or phytolamps.

Do not forget to feed young plants in time, spray and water them with warm, settled water.

Knowing how spring is spent, you will take the first step towards a successful and rich harvest at the dacha.

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I invite you to the group on Subscribe.ru for summer residents and gardeners: “Country hobbies” Everything about country life: dacha, garden, vegetable garden, flowers, recreation, fishing, hunting, tourism, nature Preparing the soil in spring: caring for beds

Spring planting of young seedlings in open ground and greenhouses require careful preparation. Having equipped the place for planting, you need to start important procedure- preparing and improving the quality of soil for planting vegetables.

Preparing the soil for planting in open beds and greenhouses

In the Moscow region, soil preparation work should begin in April, when the soil is sufficiently dry and warm. Since the climate changes every year, you need to be able to independently determine the readiness of the soil for the planting season:

• it is necessary to monitor the air temperature (10-15 degrees Celsius, the best time to prepare);
• pay attention to the soil itself: it should be dry and not stick to the shovel.

Caring for garden beds in spring

Under the weight of moisture and snow cover, the soil settles. It should be loosened with a rake or cultivator to preserve the absorbed moisture and structure. If the site was planted with winter crops, the land must be cultivated using a harrow. It is best to mulch the area in the fall so that the soil remains loose when spring arrives.

If you did not prepare the beds before winter, then with the arrival of warmth you will need to dig up the area, removing the roots of the weeds. The procedure should be carried out after lunch, when the top layer of soil has warmed up sufficiently.

After turning over, the bottom layer will also heat up. The dug up bed must be loosened with a rake so that it does not dry out. Remains of vegetation can be sent to the compost pit.

You can improve soil quality with the help of microelements. Garden crops are often deficient in iron, copper, manganese, molybdenum and zinc. It is necessary to add green sand or algae meal to the soil (can be purchased at a specialized store, or made independently if you have a reservoir), which are rich in these elements.

For this procedure, purified sludge and rotted leaves remaining after cleaning gutters are ideal. This method is completely organic.

How to prepare the soil in a greenhouse

The soil in the greenhouse must be changed periodically, even if crop rotation is observed. If you plan to grow the same plants as last year, this procedure is mandatory.

The top layer of soil is sent to a compost pit and replaced with ready-made humus. Sowing the beds early greens and radishes. When you harvest them in a month, the area will be ready for planting vegetable seedlings.

How to prepare a new area for planting

If you decide to expand the planting area, then you should properly process the virgin soil. To do this, you need to cut the turf in small squares. Using a shovel, make cuts on four sides, and then trim from the bottom.

There are several ways to use the resulting material:

• The removed turf is sent to the compost pit. The soil at the site of the future garden bed is loosened with a fork and covered with a layer of humus, compost and loose garden soil. In this area it is recommended to plant large-seeded crops, such as: pumpkin, beans or corn;
• If there is no compost heap, you can turn the pieces of turf over with the grass side down and cover the area with them, then beat it well with a shovel. This place it is necessary to cover with black film so that the weeds do not grow and the turf is well rotted. This soil will later be suitable for seedlings of tomatoes or berry bushes.

How to improve the quality of soil for planting garden crops

There are a number of measures to improve the quality of soil for planting garden crops.

• For the active development of the above-ground parts of plants, nitrogen is necessary, phosphorus is useful for the roots, and potassium helps fight diseases. The description of each crop contains information about the plant’s need for these elements and their proportions;
• Give preference to organic fertilizers, since synthesized ones only temporarily feed the plants, but do not improve the quality of the soil. Fertilizers of plant and animal origin create and maintain the necessary microflora in the soil;
• Use compost own production. Properly organized and prepared compost pit will allow you to receive within six months quality fertilizer, which can significantly improve the characteristics of the earth without special costs;
• Use mixed soil with compost for new crops. Each plant has its own ratio of fertilizer and soil. For example, for vegetable crops, 20% compost and 80% mixed land. This will create conditions for good growth seedlings and increase productivity;
• Crop rotation planning. You should not plant the same crops in the same place year after year, this quickly depletes the soil and weakens it. Create a plant rotation schedule and stick to it every year;
• Introduction of fungi and bacteria into the soil. Such additives can be purchased in specialized stores. Their main task is to improve soil health. For example, the Mycorrhiza fungus helps the root system of plants receive more moisture and essential nutrients, and nitrogen-fixing bacteria enrich the soil with nitrogen.

Bottom line

When preparing the soil for planting in the spring, it is worth remembering that each garden culture has its own needs for fertilizers and additives. Regular crop rotation, organic fertilizers, and moisture retention should be done to avoid soil washout. It is important to take into account the recommended norms of certain microelements indicated on seed packages, and, if necessary, conduct a laboratory soil analysis.

Fig, fig, fig tree - these are all names of the same plant, which we strongly associate with Mediterranean life. Anyone who has ever tasted fig fruits knows how delicious they are. But, in addition to their delicate sweet taste, they are also very beneficial for health. And here's an interesting detail: it turns out that figs are completely unpretentious plant. In addition, it can be successfully grown on a plot in the middle zone or in a house - in a container.

Quite often, difficulties in growing tomato seedlings arise even for experienced summer residents. For some, all the seedlings turn out to be elongated and weak, for others, they suddenly begin to fall and die. The thing is that it is difficult to maintain in an apartment ideal conditions for growing seedlings. Seedlings of any plants need to be provided with plenty of light, sufficient humidity and optimal temperature. What else do you need to know and observe when growing tomato seedlings in an apartment?

Delicious vinaigrette with apple and sauerkraut- vegetarian salad from cooked and chilled, raw, pickled, salted, pickled vegetables and fruits. The name comes from the French vinegar sauce, olive oil and mustard (vinaigrette). Vinaigrette appeared in Russian cuisine not so long ago, around the beginning of the 19th century; perhaps the recipe was borrowed from Austrian or German cuisine, since the ingredients for Austrian herring salad are very similar.

When we dreamily sort through bright packets of seeds in our hands, we are sometimes subconsciously convinced that we have a prototype of a future plant. We mentally allocate a place for it in the flower garden and look forward to the cherished day of the appearance of the first bud. However, buying seeds does not always guarantee that you will eventually get the desired flower. I would like to draw attention to the reasons why seeds may not sprout or die at the very beginning of germination.

Spring is coming, and gardeners have more work to do, and with the onset of warmer weather, changes in the garden occur rapidly. The buds are already beginning to swell on plants that were still dormant yesterday, and everything is literally coming to life before our eyes. After a long winter, this is good news. But along with the garden, its problems come to life - insect pests and pathogens. Weevils, flower beetles, aphids, clasterosporiosis, maniliosis, scab, powdery mildew- the list could take a very long time.

Breakfast toast with avocado and egg salad is a great start to the day. The egg salad in this recipe acts as a thick sauce that is seasoned with fresh vegetables and shrimp. My egg salad is quite unusual, it is a dietary version of everyone’s favorite snack - with Feta cheese, Greek yogurt and red caviar. If you have time in the morning, never deny yourself the pleasure of cooking something tasty and healthy. The day needs to start with positive emotions!

Perhaps every woman has at least once received a gift blooming orchid. It’s not surprising, because such a living bouquet looks amazing and blooms for a long time. Orchids are not very difficult to grow. indoor crops, but failure to comply with the main conditions for their maintenance often leads to the loss of a flower. If you are just getting started with indoor orchids, you should find out the correct answers to the main questions about growing these beautiful plants in the house.

Lush cheesecakes with poppy seeds and raisins prepared according to this recipe are eaten in no time in my family. Moderately sweet, plump, tender, with appetizing crust, without excess oil, in a word, exactly the same as my mother or grandmother fried in childhood. If the raisins are very sweet, then you don’t need to add granulated sugar at all; without sugar, the cheesecakes will be better fried and will never burn. Cook them in a well-heated frying pan, greased with oil, over low heat and without a lid!

Cherry tomatoes differ from their larger counterparts not only in the small size of their berries. Many cherry varieties are characterized by a unique sweet taste, which is very different from the classic tomato taste. Anyone who has never tried such cherry tomatoes with their eyes closed may well decide that they are tasting some unusual Exotic fruits. In this article I will talk about five different tomatoes cherry, which have the sweetest fruits of unusual colors.

I started growing annual flowers in the garden and on the balcony more than 20 years ago, but I will never forget my first petunia, which I planted in the country along the path. Only a couple of decades have passed, but you’re amazed at how different the petunias of the past are from the many-sided hybrids of today! In this article I propose to trace the history of the transformation of this flower from a simpleton into a real queen annuals, and also consider modern varieties unusual colors.

Salad with spicy chicken, mushrooms, cheese and grapes - aromatic and satisfying. This dish can be served as a main dish if you are preparing a cold dinner. Cheese, nuts, mayonnaise are high-calorie foods; in combination with spicy fried chicken and mushrooms, you get a very nutritious snack, which is refreshed by sweet and sour grapes. The chicken in this recipe is marinated in a spicy mixture of ground cinnamon, turmeric and chili powder. If you like food with fire, use hot chili.

The question is how to grow healthy seedlings, all summer residents are concerned in early spring. It seems that there are no secrets here - the main thing for fast and strong seedlings is to provide them with warmth, moisture and light. But in practice, in a city apartment or private house, this is not so easy to do. Of course, everyone experienced gardener There is a proven way to grow seedlings. But today we will talk about a relatively new assistant in this matter - the propagator.

The Sanka tomato variety is one of the most popular in Russia. Why? The answer is simple. He is the very first to bear fruit in the garden. Tomatoes ripen when other varieties have not even bloomed yet. Of course, if you follow the growing recommendations and make an effort, even a novice grower will receive a rich harvest and joy from the process. And so that your efforts are not in vain, we advise you to plant quality seeds. For example, such as seeds from TM “Agrosuccess”.

Task indoor plants in the house - to decorate the home with your own appearance, to create a special atmosphere of comfort. For this reason, we are ready to take care of them regularly. Care is not only about watering on time, although this is important. It is also necessary to create other conditions: suitable lighting, humidity and air temperature, and make a correct and timely transplant. For experienced flower growers there is nothing supernatural about this. But beginners often face certain difficulties.

Tender cutlets from chicken breast It’s easy to prepare with champignons according to this recipe with step-by-step photos. There is an opinion that it is difficult to make juicy and tender cutlets from chicken breast, but this is not so! Chicken meat contains virtually no fat, which is why it is a bit dry. But, if you add to chicken fillet cream, White bread and mushrooms and onions will turn out amazing delicious cutlets, which will appeal to both children and adults. IN mushroom season try adding wild mushrooms to the minced meat.

Efficient soil cultivation

Digging up the soil

The first important operation with the ground when preparing a site for planting is digging up the ground (if you do not take into account freeing it from debris, weeds, leveling, etc.). To start digging, you should understand its depth, as well as the characteristics of the soil. Heavy soil requires digging to a depth of about 50 cm. Medium soil is dug mainly to 60 cm, and very light, sandy soil - to 70 cm or more. You should not forget to add organic fertilizers along with digging, but the manure should not be deeper than 20 cm from the surface. When digging deep enough (over 20 cm), you need to remove stones, roots, etc. from the ground.

As a rule, the soil is dug deeply in autumn or winter - the soil must settle before spring and the sowing period. Deep digging enriches the soil with oxygen, and it is easier for water to reach the lower layers. If the top soil layer is as fertile as the bottom, then they can be mixed, otherwise you will have to remove the top layer and fold it separately so that after digging up the lower layers, you can return the top layer back.

Deep autumn digging is done early so that bacteria have time to work on the treated areas before frost. Also in order to make the most of the autumn rains. Moisture will not be absorbed into untreated compacted soil, while the water supply in the soil is extremely important. Moistened soil is watered less and less effort is spent on growing plant crops. In the fall, dig up the soil to about 30 cm without breaking the clods - after frost, by spring they will become crumbly. During this period, manure is introduced. When digging deep enough, the fertilizer is first spread over the area, then buried to 15 cm, and only then do deeper digging begin. Also in the fall, they neutralize various pests that, after digging, end up on the surface. Some die there, while others burrow deep into the ground, where they die out due to lack of oxygen.

❧ The seeds of some vegetables will germinate better if you act on them for 10-20 minutes alternating current voltage 3.5 kV/cm, and any seeds that have been in a sealed chamber with ammonia gas for 10~20 minutes germinate 90% better and grow twice as well

In the spring you can see how good the soil is, fertilized and dug up in the fall. It is homogeneous and has an excellent structure. If it was dug deep, then in the spring there is no need for a similar procedure - just level it with a rake. You just have to hurry, because under the sun the soil quickly loses such valuable moisture.

When the ground is under snow in winter, it becomes compacted, and therefore requires shallow spring digging (8-12 cm).

If digging was not carried out in the fall, then you will have to do it in the spring, but also shallowly - 15-18 cm, and when the condition of the soil is average between wet and dry. After digging, the ground is immediately combed with a rake.

Loosening the soil

Digging is a key mechanical method of basic soil cultivation, but loosening refers to surface cultivation, although it may well be deep. Its essence lies in small-scale cultivation, which increases, although not as significantly as digging, the access of oxygen to the ground, which promotes the development of the root system. When loosened, layers of soil remain in place, and the result is the destruction of the soil crust (surface loosening should be carried out after watering or heavy rain, when the crust is just forming), eliminating weed sprouts, and digging out large roots. If you loosen the soil often enough, this reduces moisture evaporation and improves water absorption by the soil. As technical means When loosening, hoes, hoes and various cultivators are used. Growing vegetables requires regular loosening of the soil to eliminate weeds and improve the soil around the plants.

There is such a technique - deep loosening, which is carried out in the spring. For this, a pitchfork can be used to move the soil layer. The process is as follows: first you need to stick the forks into the ground vertically, then tilt it towards yourself, deepening the forks into the soil, pull the handle forward, shifting the layer of earth. Next, you should loosen the surface to a depth of about 8-9 cm, pouring ash, compost, mineral fertilizers and microelements into the soil. Deep loosening is used when it is necessary for oxygen and roots to reach the subsoil layer, but there is no need to turn the soil over.

It is also worth mentioning the point of view on loosening (and digging) of representatives of quite popular ecological farming. So, they consider it harmful to the soil and try to use it to a minimum. In their opinion, worms and remains of plant roots are useful because they provide channels for the access of oxygen and moisture, and during loosening (and digging), the internal structure of the earth is disrupted, it sags, the channels disappear with the corresponding consequences. In addition, loosening and digging are fatal to earthworms and other microorganisms that form the humus layer. And finally, when the soil is dug up, the humus layer is mixed with deep soil, which is not homogeneous, as a result of which the humus layer becomes poorer, which leads to a loss of soil fertility. Constantly mixed with the infertile deep layer, it becomes extremely thin and the soil loses fertility. There are tools such as flat cutters and weeders that minimize the damage from loosening.

For a vegetable garden, growing plants without the use of intensive loosening and digging is possible, since there are no plants with a deep root system. Indeed, you can use minimal digging and loosening, and fertilize superficially. Moreover, long before planting, since it is necessary to give earthworms the opportunity to absorb the fertilizer. If everything is done correctly, then weeds will grow reluctantly, moisture will evaporate less, the structure of the soil will improve and productivity will increase. In any case, before the entire operation, it is necessary to remove existing weeds by mulching or chemicals. Also, the use of no-dig technology is justified if there is a system of beds.

Mulching the soil

This intricate name hides an elementary, but very effective agricultural technique, the essence of which is to cover the soil with some materials that protect it from excessively abundant growth of weeds, drying out, compaction and imbalance of the water and air environment in top layer soil. As a result of using this technology, the farmer will rarely need to weed and loosen, and also water.

The range of mulch materials is very diverse; you can use different organic and non-organic organic materials: sawdust, grass, bark, paper, stone, roofing felt, film, etc. The most useful of organic materials is considered to be rotted compost without weed seeds.

Naturally, it is better to use organic materials, since they do not retain air and water and rot over time, feeding the earth with microelements and having a beneficial effect on its structure. But it should be remembered that certain organic matter changes the acidity of the soil, so you need to carefully select materials for mulch.

From this perspective, compost seems to be an ideal mulch, since it does not affect the acidity of the soil in any way (it has a slightly alkaline reaction) and greatly enriches it nutrients(in particular phosphorus).

Various wood waste characterized by a slightly acidic reaction. They must be composted for at least a year before use. If bark is used, the size of the pieces should not exceed 50 mm. It is good for mulching raspberries, fruit trees and shrubs. Peat has an acidic reaction and is well suited for mulch for plants growing in acidic soil, for example, clay peat makes it loose, allowing water and oxygen to pass through. On the other hand, peat is black in color, which is why it will heat up under the sun and the ground under this material will rot. That is, peat is suitable not for continuous mulching, but for sprinkling rows of vegetables.

Using freshly cut grass is beneficial because it enriches the soil with nitrogen, while dry grass, on the contrary, takes nitrogen from the ground. There should be no weed seeds in the grass. It is better to dry freshly cut grass a little so that it does not rot in the beds. Before applying straw, nitrogen fertilizers are applied to the soil.

Eggshells are alkaline, and this mulch effectively resists slug and snail infestations.

It is recommended to perform the described procedure late spring. The earth at this time is warm, it has already warmed up, and wet because the snow has melted. However, there are no strict requirements for the timing of mulching. You just need to take the necessary preparatory activities: eliminate weeds, thoroughly moisten the soil, fertilize, loosen if necessary. Then you can use mulch, which is laid in a layer no thicker than 50 mm. Gradually the layer may become thinner due to natural factors, so it should be replenished periodically. At the same time, you need to know that mulch laid on poorly heated ground may slow down the development of plants, which is explained by the lower temperature under the mulch compared to the temperature of the uncovered ground (by several degrees). In this case, you need to remove the mulch and let the earth warm up for 2-3 warm days.

The object of mulching can be anything: berry gardens, greenhouses, beds, plantations, flower beds, fruit bushes and trees. Plant stems and the root collar area must be free from covering material, otherwise they may rot. If the plant is perennial, then you don’t have to remove the mulch, but replenish the layer every year. Under annuals, a layer of mulch is buried in the ground if the material does not need to rot, or it is moved to a compost heap so that the material continues to rot. Dry grass can be collected in a separate place for the future.

When mulching, it is necessary to take into account the type and composition of the soil. In particular, sandy-clayey soil is heavy and here it is enough to apply a layer of covering material with a layer of 20 mm, since with a greater thickness, rotting will begin from below. It is better to add material later. 2-3 gardening seasons will pass, and it will be noticeable how the soil structure has improved.

Autumn time is coming and every gardener is preparing to do the maximum number of tasks that will bear fruit in the spring. It is important not only to harvest the harvest, but also to prepare the beds, put away vegetables for storage, and carry out autumn work in the garden. In this article we will tell you about the most important work at the dacha that should not be forgotten in September.

Autumn work in the garden

In the garden, as in the vegetable garden, you need to perform a number of activities:

• prepare trees and shrubs for winter period;
• contribute necessary fertilizers;
• make a number of plantings that will please us with good results next season.

Everything takes time. Therefore, there is no need to prolong the pleasure, let’s get started.

Preparing trees and shrubs for winter

1. In September it is too early to prune garden trees and form bushes. But comply sanitary standards costs. Remove broken and dry branches. Treat the cut areas with either garden varnish or a mixture of clay and manure. Do not leave open areas. Pests will definitely take advantage of your negligence.
2. If the leaves have fallen (depending on the region of residence, this is observed in some areas), do not try to remove the foliage. Burn litter only if it has been damaged by pests or disease. Leaf litter will act as an organic fertilizer if it is spread out in the hole near the trunk. In addition to laying under the crown of a tree, fallen leaves are also suitable for a greenhouse, greenhouses or compost heap.
3. You can whitewash trees. Why are trees painted or whitewashed? In winter, the sun heats brightly and sometimes damages the bark. Cracking occurs after freezing. To prevent influence sun rays During the winter and spring seasons, it is worth protecting the bark. Whitewashing is done with lime. Some in solution experienced gardeners Ecogel and Farmayod are added. The drugs have a bactericidal effect and protect the trunk and skeletal branches from infections. If you know how much, then add sulfur. This substance will repel rodents.
4. Treat bushes and trees by spraying with the following preparations: Bitoxibacillin or Lipidocide. During any processing, remember tree trunk circles. If the remaining insects, thanks to your actions, remain on the ground, they will certainly take advantage of the moment and return to the tree.

Fertilizing and watering

1. Fill the tree trunk circles with water. Water generously, especially if no more watering is expected. By saturating the roots with moisture, you will provide your trees and shrubs with moisture for a long period.
2. Apply fertilizer. If you need to reduce soil acidity - dolomite flour, if there is not enough organic matter - compost or humus. It is recommended to add minerals in the spring. Do not feed trees and shrubs with fresh manure. It contains gases: ammonia and propane, which do not fertilize the soil, but cause irreparable harm. Microorganisms and worms do not live in such soil.

From fresh manure need to prepare vermicompost. Spread the valuable fertilizer over an area 20 cm high that allows. Sprinkle with water, then with M-preparations, pierce with a fork and cover with straw or sawdust. The future fertilizer will begin to breathe and steam will appear. The formation of beneficial aerobic bacteria began, and the process of decay began.

When the gases evaporate, it will disappear bad smell, and the mass will take on an earthy color - your fertilizer is ready. It is in this version that it is safe and even useful for your land. It can be applied under trees and in warm beds.

Autumn work in the garden (video)

Autumn planting in the garden

Most summer residents are fans of autumn planting. What can you plant in September?

• raspberries;
• currants;
• gooseberry;
• fruit trees: apple, pear, plum, quince, cherry;
• garden strawberries.

The main thing when planting in autumn is to act according to agricultural technology. Treat the seedlings, properly prepare the soil, and water the soil. Some plants require covering with film or spunbond. September is a fertile time for planting. There are no active frosts or temperature changes yet.

Preparing the garden for winter

There is more trouble in the garden in the fall than in the garden. It is necessary to collect vegetable crops, clear the beds of weeds, prepare the ground for the next season. But you and I are practically experts! Let's act thoroughly!

Harvesting and preparation for storage

Those vegetables that need to be harvested in September are stored longer. In most cases, gardeners benefit from warm and sunny weather. It is possible to collect root crops dry and avoid rotting processes. When harvesting vegetables, be sure to dry them in the sun for several hours, shake off excess soil, sort: large - small, whole - injured.

Collected in September:

• carrot;
• beets;
• potato;
• cabbage;
• and a number of other vegetables, depending on the timing of their ripening.

To ensure their long-term preservation, it is worth providing boxes, preferably wooden. Place the root vegetables in rows: small ones on the bottom, large ones on top.

Some summer residents sprinkle carrots and beets with sand. Whether to do this or not is up to you. On the one hand, sand retains moisture and the vegetable does not spoil longer. On the other hand, sand contains many harmful bacteria and microorganisms that cause a rapid process of rotting if an injured root crop is encountered.

How to cover plants for the winter (video)

Cleaning the garden in the fall

1. First of all, we get rid of the remains of cultivated plants. If they were sick, we burn them. Only be sure to old barrel or other metal container, but not on the ground. Use the ash as fertilizer in the spring.
2. Clearing the garden of grass. Not everything in September weeds bloom, you can catch it if you haven’t done it in some areas.
3. We spread rotted, pre-prepared manure, peat, compost - future fertilizer for plants - into the beds.
4. Disinfecting the area spring planting. You can use a solution of potassium permanganate for treatment: 10 g. per 100 liters of water or baking soda: 1 heaped tablespoon per 10 liters of water. Spill thoroughly. The second step is to use Fitosporin. Follow the instructions.
5. Change the soil in the greenhouse and greenhouses. If you don’t want to change it, use bleach: 150 gr. per 1 m 2. Such processing is enough not to remember about it for three years.
6. Remove drip system watering so as not to freeze. Remove thermostats from greenhouse doors and windows.

Planting green manure and fertilizing

Oats are widely used in the country, white mustard, rye. If the soil on your site is sandy, you should not use rye. She will dry up the earth. It is better to sow it on clayey and loamy soils. But white mustard is perfect.

After 20 - 25 days you will be able to mow the tops with a flat cutter or hoe useful herbs, and embed them in the ground. Don't dig it up. Green manure roots will be an excellent treat for underground inhabitants: worms and other insects. By eating the lower parts of plants, they convert them into vermicompost. You will receive a double benefit: organic fertilizer from the tops and loose soil from decay products.

In addition to planting green manure, you can mulch the ground. Suitable mulch:

• rotted sawdust;
• hay;
• straw;
• compost;
• peat;
• humus.

What is the use of mulch in autumn period, you ask?

1. You will provide the earth with natural organic fertilizer.
2. Mulch will act as a barrier to the melt water, which washes away the top fertile layer of the earth in the spring.
3. Under such a “blanket” you can preserve winter plantings.

Provided that in your garden in summer and autumn they grew and delighted with flowering marigolds, use them as fertilizer. Chop as much as possible and dig up the soil. When planting flowers in the ground, remember that they will save your future plantings from nematodes, wireworms and Colorado potato beetle. Marigolds have an intimidating aroma. Many insect pests cannot tolerate it and leave such places. This fertilizer will make your area healthier.

Dry some of the “orange” ones. In the spring and summer of next season you can make an infusion from them and spray them cultivated plants, which are influenced onion fly, aphids, whiteflies and butterfly pests.

Autumn planting in the garden

What can you plant in the fall before winter? Often these are root vegetables. Having prepared the beds, you can sow radishes, carrots, beets, onions, and garlic in the fall. This must be done before the first frost. Use mulch or spruce branches. If the frosts in your area of ​​residence are severe, prepare covering material. For planting before winter, carefully select planting material, carry out disinfection and, only after the above procedures, plant in the ground.

Autumn work at the dacha in September: what else is worth doing

In the fall, at the dacha, many gardeners do business, the results of which will be seen only in the spring or summer next year:

• clean, sharpen and produce sanitization inventory
• carry out minor urgent repairs garden houses: whitewashing, painting
• repair fences, hedges, gates, utility rooms
• canning vegetables and making jam
• dried apples and pears, grapes and plums
• clean greenhouses and household premises
• laying compost heaps

They try to get as many things done as possible so as not to be distracted in the spring, and to prepare for winter. They don’t put off until tomorrow what they can do today. After all springtime- these are completely different chores: sowing seeds for seedlings, grafting measures, applying fertilizers, preparing plants and planting them, and many more worries for a hardworking summer resident.

What fertilizers to use in the fall (video)

Having completed all the tasks, gardeners can breathe a sigh of relief and a sense of accomplishment. The harvest has been harvested, the land has been prepared, and sanitary measures have been taken. All that remains is to drink a cup of green tea with your neighbors, say goodbye and go to your well-deserved winter holidays. After all, there are three working seasons ahead, a new harvest, pleasant chores, sun and good mood.