New line - major renovation. What is grill and convection oven?

Based on the provisions of the law on energy saving dated November 23, 2009 N 261-FZ (as amended on July 13, 2015), which prescribes the timing of installing water meters in apartments, everyone who has not done so before January 1, 2017 will pay for water supply services with an increasing coefficient + 50% to current water standards in the region. Most likely, calculation according to the standard will not be beneficial to residents. In what cases will it be more profitable to pay using a meter? We wrote in the article saving water after installing a water meter.

To install a metering unit, you need to choose the right water meter, plus solve several other important issues.

Types of cold water and hot water meters, which water meter is best suited for an apartment

All cold and hot water divided into 2 groups: mechanical and energy-dependent, powered by electricity. Further, metering devices are divided into 4 more subtypes:

1. Tachometer models. According to the metering method, they are mechanical DHW or cold water meters that do not require connection to electricity. Metering devices are divided into 2 types depending on the design of the impeller: vane or turbine. The water passing inside the housing rotates the impeller connected to the counting mechanism. Flow is recorded by the number of revolutions. The tachometer counter is capable of working with hard and contaminated water. The disadvantage of the metering device is inaccurate readings after the rotating mechanism becomes fouled with solid deposits. Service life - up to 12 years. Due to low cost and simple maintenance, tachometer meters are installed in all apartments.
2. Electromagnetic meters for cold water and hot water. Such meters are volatile. Their work is based on physical property water conducts electricity. Such a metering device gives large errors in metering water with rust impurities, which is typical for domestic water supply systems. In ideally clean water, an electromagnetic meter is not able to work for the same reason. The service life of the product is 10 years. The high cost plus the inability to work during a power outage do not make the device popular for household use consumers.
3. Ultrasonic metering devices. These models also run on electricity. Flow is taken into account by measuring the speed of ultrasound along and against the flow of water. Inside the housing of the DHW or cold water meter there are sensors that emit and receive signals. Responsible for data processing electronic chip. Thanks to the built-in memory, metering data is saved in the event of a power outage. The service life of the product is up to 15 years. The device only works in clean, rust-free water and is quite expensive, so such a meter is not the best option for domestic use.
4. Vortex or resonant counter. Inside the housing it has 3 parallel channels. In the center there is a special mechanism - a swirler, which directs water through different channels. Flow is recorded using an electronic computer based on the speed of swirling water jets. The device is volatile and only works with clean water. The cost of the meter is high and expensive. Service life up to 8 years. Not profitable for apartments.

In our opinion, of all the types of cold water and hot water meters considered, tachometer models are best suited for installation in an apartment or private house: best ratio price-quality-ease of use.

Types of tachometer counters for cold water and hot water supply

So, it is most effective to install tachometer water meters in an apartment. Mechanical devices metering are classified by water temperature:

• The blue color of the case indicates the purpose of the meter for cold water, temperatures up to +30°C;
• The red color of the body indicates the purpose of the meter for hot water, temperatures up to +130°C;
• universal water meters are painted in Orange color, they can withstand water temperatures up to +90°C.

Hot water meters are made of heat-resistant materials, which significantly affects their cost. Meters for domestic hot water are significantly more expensive than meters for measuring cold water.

According to the principle of operation, vane devices are divided into single-jet and multi-jet models:

• The operation of a single-jet device is based on the rotation of an impeller by a flow of water. The number of rotations is transmitted using magnets to a counting mechanism isolated from the liquid.
• In multi-jet meters, the water flow in front of the impeller is divided into several jets, which reduces the metering error. The device is easier to install.

Turbine models are designed for pipelines with a diameter of 50-200 mm. Vane water meters are installed on pipelines with a diameter of up to 40 mm. Exist combined models with both types of impeller, but they are designed for water pipes with high pressure drops.

The counting mechanism of tachometer instruments can be located in water or be isolated. The first type fails faster and requires the installation of an additional filter to remove impurities from the water. A “dry” type water meter is more expensive, but its service life is longer and its readings are more accurate.

In accordance with the norms of the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated May 6, 2011 No. 354, the installation of multi-tariff vane DHW meters is allowed. They allow you to control water flow and its temperature. This allows you to evaluate the quality of hot water provision and, if necessary, make claims management company.

Sealing and registration of the metering unit

The metering unit is sealed after its installation, as well as all subsequent times in case of replacement, sending for verification and emergency dismantling (read here what to do if the seal on the water meter is broken). The owner of the apartment submits an application to register the metering device. The process involves providing a package of documents and information about the owner of the living space, as well as a contact phone number. A copy will be required technical passport water meter

The resource supply company (water utility) or representatives of the management company are allowed to put a seal on the metering unit. The specialist checks the correct installation of the water meter, seals it, and then provides a package of documents necessary for registration.

The specialist arrives within 3-5 days. According to the law on water supply of January 1, 2013, sealing of the metering unit after the first installation is carried out free of charge. If the water meter breaks due to the user's fault, re-sealing will be charged. The tariff for sealing depends on the company providing such a service and ranges from 500-2 thousand rubles. Payment for water consumption by the meter begins from the moment it is registered and the water supply agreement is signed by both parties.

Maintenance of the metering unit and self-installation

After a certain time, water meters must be submitted for verification (expiration of the verification interval). Such deadlines are indicated in the data sheet of the water metering device. Typically, the verification interval for a cold water meter is 6 years, and for a domestic hot water device - 4 years.

If you decide to install the water meter yourself, you will have to assemble a unit consisting of ball valve, filter rough cleaning, check valve and the counter itself. When assembling the unit, you need to pay attention to the direction of the water movement arrows. They are located on the housing of the water meter and check valve.

Also, in the case of independent dismantling of a cold water or hot water meter, it is necessary to inform about this fact to representatives of the resource supplying organization or the utility service provider (MC, HOA).

The method of inserting the unit into the water supply depends on the pipes used. After checking the meter and installing it, you must submit an application for its re-sealing and registration.

Still have questions? Do you want answers to them?

Here you can ask it free of charge to experts or lawyers of the gkh-konsultant.ru portal.

Muscovites began to receive new receipts for housing and communal services. After the tariff increase and the appearance of contributions for major repairs, payments increased by at least 1 thousand rubles. Gazeta.Ru tells you what you need to know to try to save money.

“Often, active citizens who check their bills manage to reduce the amounts billed even by half. Inflated bills occur due to the fact that they include services that are not provided, and the volume of services provided is exceeded,” says Mikhail Anshakov, Chairman of the Society for the Protection of Consumer Rights.

How to detect deception

“The more detailed the invoice is, the easier it is to understand how reasonable the payments are.

If there are few lines, the purpose of payments is not disclosed in detail - this is the first reason for suspicion. Typically, the management company deliberately does not disclose the purpose of payments.

For example, if in one line it is written “for general house needs” without explaining what exactly this includes, the amount may be inflated and include services not provided,” warns Valery Novikov, head of the legal support department of the NP Housing and Communal Services Control.

It is worth paying attention to the total amount: if it differs from what it was a month earlier, it is better to carefully check the entire account.

“There are planned increases, we need to keep an eye on them. If there are no such increases, and the payment has become more expensive, you should carefully recalculate it,” says the expert.

Moreover, after the tariff increase (remember, they were raised on July 1), the bill should be checked especially carefully. Management companies and utility suppliers can inflate bills under the guise of a planned increase.

“It happens, for example, that the standards are raised, the same amount is prescribed twice - as a result, the payment is doubled,” says Sergei Vasiliev, chairman of the Moskontrol movement.

What do we pay for

The payment usually consists of a series of mysterious abbreviations, and each region may introduce its own abbreviations. There are several generally accepted ones:

HVS DPU- cold water supply (cold water) via household metering devices. If the KPU is indicated, it means that you pay for water using your apartment meter.

DHW DPU- hot water supply (hot water) via household metering devices.

Cold water for domestic hot water- cold water supply for hot water supply. That is, the cold water that goes for heating is given in another line the price for the heating itself. By adding them up, you get the final price of hot water.

Drainage- water disposal (sewage), used cold and hot water.

Heating basic pl.- heating of the main area.

Sod. and rem. zhp(or soda. and repair. residential) - maintenance and repair of living space. These are the services of an apartment building management company for the maintenance and current repairs of common property in apartment building. That is, if you have this line, it is assumed that order is maintained in your entrance and everything is working. This line may include various services (maintenance of in-house engineering equipment, cleaning, Maintenance, garbage removal, concierge services, etc.), if they are not listed in the payment slip, you can contact the Criminal Code for clarification.

In this case, the amount and services included in the receipt must be approved by the decision of the residents themselves at the meeting.

There are also services that citizens do not actually use: for example, paying for an antenna and radio point. They can be waived individually by contacting the Criminal Code with a request to exclude these items from the general account.

Counter or standard

Amounts for individual consumption ( public utilities, which are used in the apartment) and for general house needs (ODN; for example, expenses for heating and lighting of the entrance) in the payment order should be posted in different columns.

There are cases when the amount of payment for the use of utilities per person per person exceeded the amount of individual consumption in apartments.

This can happen when payments to ODN are calculated not according to meters, but according to standards (with an increasing factor due to the lack of a meter). To reduce costs, owners must vote at a meeting to install meters. They are installed by resource supply organizations.

Previously, Gazeta.Ru wrote that resource supply organizations often sabotage the installation of meters, since the standards bring them much more income.

If such a problem is discovered, you need to contact the Housing Inspectorate.

Pay attention to square meters and number of residents

You should check whether the area of ​​the apartment is indicated correctly on the payment slip. Based on square meter heating and payments for major repairs are charged. Regional authorities allocate subsidies that compensate for part of the payments, but they are valid only within the limits social norm(in Moscow this is 33 sq. m for one person, 42 sq. m for two), explains Valery Novikov. You will have to pay for housing surpluses.

Also, do not rush to register new residents. The more people there are, the more expensive it will be, for example, for water (if meters are not installed). If one of those registered in the apartment for a long time does not live in it, then a recalculation can be achieved. You just need to prove your absence - for example, bring a certificate from the management company from your real place of residence. The same applies to summer residence at the dacha and long business trips: if the appropriate documents are available, the management company is obliged to recalculate.

New line - major renovation

Calculating how much you should pay for a new service is simple. In Moscow, the monthly fee is 15 rubles. per sq. m. The new line appeared in the capital in July and has already caused a wave of discontent.

Earlier, Gazeta.Ru wrote that Muscovites want to conclude an agreement with the Overhaul Fund on their own terms and demand that a number of essential points be taken into account in the agreement. However, so far the practice is not in favor of residents.

You also need to remember that if more than 10% of a family’s income is spent on paying for housing and communal services in Moscow, you can receive government support in the form of subsidies.

In this case, you must contact the regional department of housing subsidies, presenting a certificate of income and a certificate of ownership. There should be no excess living space: established standards- 33 sq. m per person, 42 sq. m - for two.

What to do if the bill is too high

If it turns out that the bill is inflated, you need to file a complaint with the management company. If she does not answer, you can file a complaint with the Housing Inspectorate (you can also write there immediately, without waiting for a response from the Criminal Code). You can also contact your regional tariff commission.

“The housing inspectorate can be asked to conduct an inspection, on the basis of which a recalculation will be made. If it turns out that the payments were overestimated, then citizens will receive the difference, which will be charged towards future payments,” Novikov explained.

In general, so far the practice of resolving such disputes is in favor of consumers, experts say.

The main thing is to get your way; it’s easier for most to give up if it turns out that they have to pay a hundred rubles more, and such impunity only encourages abuse,” Anshakov warns.

There is such an item in the Housing and Communal Services receipt called “Water Disposal”.

Where does this payment come from and is it legal? Let's try to figure it out.

Drainage is the sum of DHW (hot water supply) and cold water supply (cold water supply). It is believed that as much as it comes, so much goes back. Toilet flush - water disposal; Did you swim? - water disposal. We washed the dishes - also drainage. All water that flows through your meters is considered waste water.

Why do we pay for this?

Our government wanted to split the water payment so that utility costs would be lower, but it turns out that now we we pay twice as much for them than before. As they say: “We wanted the best, but it turned out as always.” Payment for the consumption of resources and for the services provided was established in the “Rules for the provision of public services to owners and users of apartment buildings and residential buildings"and approved the Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 354 of May 6, 2011 (effective from September 1, 2012). In general, the meaning of the rules is as follows:

Even when your apartment does not consume any resource (not turned off, but not used), for example, gas, it burns in those apartments where it is not installed individual counter in an apartment (or a common building in a house). Simply put, you pay both for yourself and for the person who did not install a meter for himself.

You can write a complaint, and maybe when there are too many of them, the utility companies will think about changing the “Rules”.

Although you spend the same amount of resource (as much came, so much went), the tariffs in housing and communal services for sewerage and water supply are different. And although we are not all return water to the sewer(no one has canceled watering the plants, and we still drink it), accounting is done this way, because so far not a single utility company has figured out how to count drainage separately. Of course, the tariff for this payment is higher than for the supply, but do not forget that the used water is also delivered to treatment plants, where it passes deep biological treatment and then delivered back to us in its pure form.

Many people do not understand why they pay for it if they already give their money to housing and communal services for hot and cold water, but there is a law that states why payments for sewerage are charged and how the payment is calculated. Utility payments for waste water and payment for the supply of clean water are different services! This is always worth remembering. And you need to pay for it, regardless of whether you have water meters or not.

Tariff calculation

Wastewater is water that we have already used, money for its disposal(transportation) for cleaning, for operation treatment facilities and for transporting water back to people, already purified. This column is calculated very simply:

If DHW consumption and cold water supply in total give about 20 cubic meters (for example, hot water supply = 15, and cold water supply = 5), and the tariff is 16 rubles, then it will be like this:

16 x 20=320 rubles.

Yes, it’s a bit much, but there’s nothing you can do, it’s the law. Also this one communal payment can be calculated using this table:

But if the receipt says that cold water supply is 5, hot water supply is 7 (together equals 12), and water disposal is 15 cubic meters, you can safely contact the utility company with a claim or complaint to the court, because this cannot be! Don't forget about it!

In an apartment building, a common building meter is usually installed and the amount of payment for draining wastewater is determined from it; if there is none, the company provides an invoice. And if you want to purchase an individual meter, then you simply submit an application for installation of the meter, a permit for installation is issued, it is sealed and payments for utility services are recalculated.

Here is a list of companies, which manufacture water meters:

1. Automation STC
2. Aqua c
3. Armsnab trading house
4. Save water
5. Beregun
6. Bitar plus
7. Breeze c plus
8. BytEnergoService
9. VodoGazService
10. Water accounting
11. Water accounting of the Civil Code
12. Water project
13. GasEnergoMontazh NPP
14. Housing and communal services Service
15. Intechservice
16. IR-service
17. Neptune
18. Oasis
19. Heat Mag
20. Station wagon groups

You can change this

If you do not want to pay the housing and communal services for this payment, then submit an application to the management company(of course, written and by registered mail) and ask that they send you a list (list) of mandatory services and documents confirming the conditions. You will need to do it yourself:

1. Calculation of fees (by tickets);
2. Directions from ex. company report on work for the current year;
3. Proposals from the same company on expenses for the next year (expense estimates and their copies must be provided);
4. A document about the income and expenses of the management company.

Speaking in simple language, water disposal is sewerage. All water after washing, washing dishes, bathing, etc. must go somewhere. She merges and this is considered drainage. We pay housing and communal services for the fact that we have an outlet for water, which is then purified and not simply drained into the street. And not because someone at the top wanted to rob us.

What is drainage on a receipt? Housing and communal services tariffs

Owners of apartments and private houses receive a monthly bill for housing and communal services. One of the services listed on the bill is sewerage. Often consumers have a question about what is drainage on the receipt. This service is included in the general list along with others: water supply, gas supply, electricity supply and heat supply.

Difference between water supply and sanitation

Water supply and sewerage are two completely different utilities. Water supply means that cold water goes through cleaning and disinfection before entering the apartment, and hot water is heated to a certain temperature. Drainage is the removal of any waste water from the apartment. The service involves the primary purification of water and its direction to the sewer system. It's not easy technical process, consisting of several stages. After the water is drained, it is delivered to treatment facilities, where it undergoes multi-stage purification and is disposed of.

Now it becomes clear what drainage is in the receipt.

Housing and communal services provide conditions that make living space suitable for living. By law, every consumer is obliged to pay utility bills on time and according to established tariffs. Payment for sewerage services is billed to all residents of shared and individual houses.

What applies to utilities?

We will talk about the contents of housing and communal services receipts. Utilities are considered:

1. Maintenance and repair. The tariff is determined by the city tariff committee. The service also includes house management, routine repairs of premises, site cleaning, garbage chute maintenance, elevator inspection and gas system. The payment does not depend on the number of registered residents.
2. Cold water and its supply. This implies the constant availability of water of appropriate quality.
3. Hot water. It must be available at all times in sufficient quantity and of proper quality.
4. Gas. Availability of gas at any time in the home. Gas can be supplied via a gas pipeline or in liquefied form. In the latter case, utility services are required to change gas cylinders.
5. Heat supply. Heating supply during the cold season to the desired temperature in the home.
6. Drainage. We have already discussed what drainage is in a receipt. By using special installations dirty water is discharged into the sewer.
7. Electricity supply. Providing electricity to required volumes no shortage.
8. Carrying out major repairs. The service appeared relatively recently. The funds collected go to the renovation fund, from where they are spent on renovating the house.

The services provided are determined by many components. The receipt indicates the type of service and the amount for it. The final fee for services will be related to housing and communal services tariffs and is calculated based on the area of ​​the premises, the number of registered residents and meter readings. Some citizens receive benefits.

The rent is determined by the occupied space. The standard area for single citizens is 33 square meters. meters, for two people - 42 sq. m, for three or more - 18 sq. m of the total area for each member. The living space does not include rooms without heating - balconies and loggias. Bath and toilet are included.

If no one lived in the residential premises for some period, you do not have to pay for services during this time. For recalculation to the accounting department, provide supporting documents. For example, transport tickets.

In order to save money, many residents turn off services they do not need, such as radio and television broadcasts.

Drainage scheme

It is usually believed that drainage refers to the flow of waste water through pipes. But this is far from the complete picture. Dirty water passes through pipes, is disposed of and cleaned. The drainage system is monitored and regular inspections are carried out by authorized employees.

1. Waste water of any temperature.
2. Supplying it to treatment facilities.
3. Cleaning process.
4. Water disposal according to approved standards.
5. Removal of precipitation from the atmosphere.

Cost calculation

Payment for utility services is obtained by multiplying the housing and communal services tariff by the volume of the resource used. The amount of resource consumed is indicated on metering devices. If meters are not installed, the administration provides for average standard indicators.

• multiply the volume of cold water consumed by the meter with the tariff for wastewater disposal;
• do the same operation with hot water;
• Add the two resulting numbers together to get the final sewerage fee.

The "wastewater" line on the receipt shows this amount.

Payment by meter and according to standards

If the consumer did not install metering devices, payment will be calculated based on the standards approved in a particular region. Standards are usually revised annually and printed by mass media. Standard values ​​can also be viewed on the website of local authorities or management companies.

IN residential buildings With big amount Apartments, payment for sewerage is not calculated for each apartment, but based on the results of a common building meter. If the meter has not been supplied, the management organization generates an invoice.

If the owner of a residential premises wishes to install an individual metering device, he must notify management organization. After receiving permission and installing the meter, an employee of the management company seals it, and the service fee is recalculated.

Legislative standards

Having considered what sewerage is in the receipt and how it is paid for, it is worth dwelling on the regulatory side of the issue.

In 2011, the Law “On Water Supply and Sanitation” was adopted, according to which all issues related to these services are regulated. The law specifies provisions for the supply of water of any temperature to residential premises, as well as quality requirements. Before the adoption of the law, all legal nuances were determined by various regulatory documents, some of which are still relevant.

All previous regulations were developed by federal and local authorities. The law is amended periodically. For example, questions about water quality, the safety of service provision, and the frequency of monitoring the system are undergoing changes.

Water disposal on the receipt: what is it and how is it calculated?

Housing and communal services are paid by the owners monthly. The payment receipt contains such an item as drainage. We will tell you in the article what drainage means on a receipt, how it is calculated and whether it is possible to refuse to pay this payment on legal grounds.

What is sewerage in a housing and communal services receipt?

What is water disposal KPU or DPU in the receipt? This is the total consumption of hot water (hot water) and cold water (cold water), its purification and subsequent disposal through sewerage.

The abbreviation KPU is affixed to the receipt for owners paying housing and communal services for the apartment. DPU - water drainage in a receipt in a private house.

Where does the payment for sewerage come from? In fact, you pay for the work of flushing the toilet, bathtub, kitchen sink. All cold and hot water that comes to you according to the meters is waste water.

It is worth distinguishing between the concepts of “water supply” and “sewage” in the receipt. The main difference is that the payment for water supply includes the cost of water treatment. The hot one is heated, the cold one is disinfected. Wastewater disposal is the removal of already used water.

If we talk about what drainage is in a water receipt, we can highlight the following services for which the owner pays:

• drainage of water after use;
• transportation to treatment facilities;
• cleaning from contaminants;
• disposal;
• wastewater disposal.

Charges for sewerage in the receipt are regulated by the “Rules for the provision of utility services to owners and users of premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings,” which were approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 354 of 05/06/2011 (came into force on 09/01/2012). According to this document, despite the fact that residents spend the same amount of water (income and consumption), the tariffs for these housing and communal services in the receipt are different.

How is drainage calculated on the receipt?

1. The water disposal line in the receipt is calculated as follows: Water disposal = (DHW + cold water) x Tariff (RF Government Decree No. 392 of July 30, 2004).
2. When making calculations, you must rely on meter readings. If there are none, you need to calculate the payment based on local consumption standards. These standards are recalculated annually and published in the media and on open administration resources on the Internet. Each region has its own regulatory indicators.
3. If you live in an apartment building, the receipt may contain the wording “sewage for general house needs.” This means that this housing and communal services service is not calculated individually, but according to a common building meter. With absence measuring instrument The management organization calculates the payment according to the standard.

If you want sewerage to be calculated on your receipt based on your individual consumption, you will need to install a meter in your apartment.

Before installation, you must notify the management organization about this and obtain appropriate permission from them. After this, the meter will be sealed, and a recalculation will be made using the drainage column in the receipt.

Is it possible not to pay for sewerage in the receipt?

Payment for sewerage, and in simple words- for sewerage, this is not an invention of the management company. This is a payment established by the regulations of the Russian Federation. We pay housing and communal services for the fact that used water is purified and disposed of, and not discharged into the street.

If you want to clarify whether sewerage is a mandatory payment for you, you can request information from the management company in writing. The application should request full list services with supporting documents.

What is DHW in the receipt?

When paying for utilities, consumers see various abbreviations on their receipts. It is important to know what stands behind these letters and where the money goes. DHW is a hot water supply service. But let’s take a closer look at what it includes and what it consists of.

Regulatory framework and definitions

Hot water, centrally supplied to consumers, in accordance with the provisions of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 354 of 05/06/2011, is one of the communal resources. A utility service is the provision of a resource to the consumer by the service provider (provider).

That is, in the case of hot water supply, the utility service is the supply of hot water of the required parameters to apartments apartment buildings, dorm rooms, businesses and public buildings(hospitals, laundries, kindergartens, etc.).

The heating network provides services for the supply of hot water to residents, and it is also responsible for providing centralized heating of residential and public buildings.

Features of the service

The preparation of hot water for the needs of hot water supply occurs in centralized heating boiler houses, in the same place where the coolant of the heating system is heated.

Boiler rooms can be connected to a looped DHW system or be a dead-end type - designed for a group of houses or one house (for example, rooftop boiler rooms). The closer the consumer is to the source of hot water (boiler room), the better the quality of the service provided and the higher the water temperature. However, connecting to loop networks is preferable from the point of view of reliability and uninterrupted hot water supply.

1. Boiler room maintenance. Unlike heating, domestic hot water is provided all year round, while boiler houses switch to summer (minimum) operating mode.
2. Trail maintenance.
3. Carrying out scheduled repair work on networks.

Water heated in the boiler room for an open (unclosed) DHW system enters consumer apartments through supply water pipes, distributed among intra-house networks DHW.

It should be remembered that hot water cannot be used for cooking due to the presence of additives in it - special additives that reduce the level of scale formation on the internal walls of pipelines.

The temperature of hot water for consumers is regulated by sanitary and legal standards and is +50…+65 °C. In reality, it often does not exceed +40 °C.

This is due to heat losses during the supply of coolant along routes (poor pipe insulation, gusts) or due to low temperature at the outlet of the boiler room. Boiler room operators adjust output parameters based on outside air temperature.

The service provider’s task is to provide apartments with a utility resource of appropriate quality. Sometimes the heating network justifies the poor quality of the service by the deplorable state of the networks - routes built in the last century, requiring major repairs, will not withstand temperature changes in winter time, if you maintain the parameters of the coolant at the outlet of the boiler room at the standard level.

It turns out to be a vicious circle - many residents often do not pay for hot water due to its low temperature or refuse this service altogether, switching to water heating electric boilers. And heating network enterprises cannot produce renovation work, because the population's debt to pay does not provide them with an influx of cash.

Whether or not to pay for a hot water service if it turns out to be of insufficient quality is a purely personal matter. It is important to understand that if you decide to take the path of non-payment, you do not need to simply create debts. It is necessary to collect the evidence base according to the following scheme: carry out commission measurements of water temperature, send the results to the company providing the services. Be sure to receive an official response explaining the reasons for the poor quality of the service. Having collected a package of evidence, you can go to court to assert your rights.

What is hot water supply, hot water supply and sewerage in housing and communal services receipts?

Having received a receipt for paying for a utility bill, many Russians look at it with bewilderment, trying to understand what is encrypted in the mysterious abbreviations, and for what services they need to shell out quite a lot of money.

Do housing and communal services have the right to come up with names for their services?

The list of services that must be paid for by residents of apartment buildings is clearly defined by Article 154 of the main industry document - the Housing Code. Homeowners and tenants are required to pay for housing maintenance and repairs. In addition, their responsibility includes payment for services:

Cold water supply (CWS), i.e. supplying cold water through the water supply to the tenant’s apartment;

Hot water supply (DHW), which consists of payment for water supply and heating;

Wastewater disposal, i.e. ensuring the operation of the sewer collector, removing wastewater;

It is unacceptable to change the names of these services, although some regional housing and communal services arbitrarily enter lines such as “ DHW heating", "DHW make-up" or " DHW drainage and HVS". It is not at all necessary for the consumer to know how much it costs to heat water; what is important to him is the final amount that is presented for payment.

What abbreviations can be found on receipts?

Since utility services are in no hurry to bring payments to a single standard, it will not hurt payers to navigate the abbreviations that can encrypt certain components of utility payments.

- HVS DPU– this is cold water supply (payment for cold water supply) according to the house meter, i.e. in accordance with the readings of the common house meter (if your house has one). If the meter is installed in your apartment, the receipt may indicate HVS KPU(apartment metering device).

- DHW DPU- accordingly, hot water supply, calculated according to the house meter.

- Drainage– sewerage services, which are called sewerage in bills.

- Cold water for domestic hot water- this is how the intricate concept of cold water supply for hot water supply is denoted. According to the plans of the utility workers, you must separately pay for the supply of cold water for heating, and in another line - the cost of heating this cold water. The cost of DHW is the sum of these lines

- Heating basic pl.– this is how heating the main area of ​​your apartment is usually designated, i.e. the minimum that is due to residents registered in the apartment.

- Heating izl. pl.– this is the cost of heating the excess space of your apartment. It usually costs more than heating the minimum square meters you are entitled to.

- Contents and rem.– means paying for the maintenance and repairs of your apartment. This includes service utility networks inside your home, their current repairs, renovation technical devices and residential building structures, as well as many other costs.

- Lived izl. pl.– payment for housing based on excess space.

Now it will be easier for you to understand the contents of your utility bill. A separate topic is the formation of tariffs for which payments are calculated.

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12 comments

What is “Manager. exploitation TO" in housing and communal services receipts?

Tariff 63 RUB per square meter

Hello! Can you explain please! On my receipt it is indicated twice: sod. and repair. zhp (this is understandable), and there is soda and repair zhp fact (this is not entirely clear).

Tell me, please, is DHW heating or what?

My receipt says DHW Component-hv, DHW Component-t/e, TE for heating and what this means is not clear, can someone decipher it?

Hello. I’m reading about water disposal... I have a “Zeptor” water purifying system installed in my apartment, all my neighbors take canisters of clean water... It is clear that I pay for the incoming cold water, but what does the drainage have to do with it, i.e. draining... And for "private owners" - watering.... Is it really possible to “manipulate” people and laws so stupidly?

It’s possible, it’s our government, it was they, not the utility companies, who prescribed this form of calculation. The only thing you are allowed to do is install a wastewater meter - but this is not cheap.

My receipt says: Cold water supply 345.24 rubles. and strange new things. Cold water coefficient -172.60 rub. Which ultimately adds up to the first. What is this coefficient? Thank you in advance.

People. hear me. What a fool came up with all these designations.

I am of retirement age and it is not clear to me what is on the receipt for the abbreviated names. It would not be easier to indicate the name of the service without abbreviations.

You clearly pick up “Payment for cold water”, “For heating”. How much can you encrypt, think about the people!

So the question is. There are meters on the water, I submit data from the meters every month. When calculating the receipt, the cubic capacity of cold water is multiplied by 2 and written out in the cold water line. Where does this multiplier come from? Or should I go find out?

I also have a question. Where does housing and communal services get tariffs in figures for sewerage? Every month a different number is written. For example: January - 9 units, February - 10.5 units, for March much higher - 16,229 units. Listen to how they draw from the ceiling. Where to find the Law-Regulation…. Where can I read and present it clearly...

Please tell me how the HVS can be calculated ( DHW standard) and Sewage (hot water supply standard) in Sevastopol, if hot water was last seen here in the last century in the 90s? They write on the receipt that the cold water supply has been recalculated since 01/01/2017.

I have receipts from previous years and until today there have never been lines for hot water supply (hot water supply standard) and Drains (hot water supply standard).

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These letters should be understood as hot water metering, implemented using an apartment meter. In this article, the topic raised will be discussed in particular detail.

Understanding cold water metering

The legislator has established mandatory payments for citizens Russian Federation for the use of public services. Continuous cold water supply (CWS) stands for continuous supply of a resource of appropriate quality to Russian citizens for use in everyday life. The state provides for the norm for each consumer and the delivery of water through communal system or in special columns. Accounting for cold water must be carried out in the following ways:

• fixing a specific consumer norm for each person registered in a residential premises;
• providing any housing with a special meter.

The counter (KPU) measures the amount of cold water used per month, after which the data is transferred to the person who provides the service.

Important! A special designation “DPU” will appear in the payment, which indicates the obligatory amount for the use of cold water supply using a home meter.

In the absence of a meter, the determined consumption is calculated from general indicators. This option is not entirely profitable, since thrifty people will have to overpay for the service. The data of the residential premises is taken as a basis.

KPU designation on the receipt

Individuals receive utility bills based on their needs. People are not always free to navigate symbols. Cold water in receipts is no exception.

What is cold water for domestic hot water in the receipt? The following abbreviations are generally used on receipts:

• HVS DPU (deciphering is given above);
• Cold water supply for hot water supply - the so-called supply of cold water for the possibility of using hot water supply. Everything is simple - heating occurs;
• DHW DPU - the amount of water used during the use of hot water supply.

In addition to water supply, utility companies provide wastewater services to people. The latter term should be understood as disposal of used water using sewerage. For this service, special buildings are equipped to process streams of all types. There are three lead designs:

• general. It has only one network for withdrawing all funds;
• separate. Such a system is classified into complete and incomplete.

The first has two closed networks that output resources. The other is for rain accumulations—a half-split drainage design. Divided into household and rainwater. If the networks intersect, then fencing structures are installed to rid the reservoir of excess inflows during rain.

Important! Therefore, the receipts contain a separate item under which fees for services are charged. This is an extremely necessary point in the document. The incredible amount of resource used must be processed before being released into waterways.

Water disposal is calculated as follows:

• First, the needs for time are formed; when specifying data, one should proceed from the results of water consumption per apartment. Reading results may vary by region;
• Some homes may need to use a common household meter. If there is no measuring device, the amount is calculated according to fixed standards.

Consumer protection is equally important. Usually, receipts have lines for water heating in order not to overpay for heating. Pay attention to this. It is possible to create an additional line in a receipt of the established form only if the position of the owner of the premises is agreed upon.

Relationship between DHW and cold water

According to current standards and documents, hot water supply (interpretation - hot water supply) should be supplied to all settlements with temperatures up to 75 ° C. The resource is provided to people constantly. Heating points can switch to a more relaxed (summer) mode. Hot water enters the city DHW system, and is subsequently distributed among residential premises.

Important! Heating companies produce hot water by heating purchased hot water. As a result, an item such as heating appears on payment receipts. In this case, the data from the common house meter for hot water consumed is taken into account. It is necessary to configure the metering devices correctly by entering the name of the service.

For complex heating of apartment buildings, you should pay for utilities. Some abbreviations are quite simple to decipher. To know what you're paying for, check online or contact your utility company for more details.