When planning to build an autonomous sewerage system on a site, it is necessary to choose the right location for installing the treatment plant. Keep in mind that the location of the septic tank on the site is regulated by SNiP and sanitary norms, so this installation cannot be located simply on the principle of “it’s convenient for me.” Let’s figure out what rules need to be taken into account in order to correctly place structures such as a septic tank and a drinking water well on the site.
It is best to plan the development of a site at the initial stage of its development. In this case, it is possible to determine the optimal location of the house, outbuildings, plantings, as well as a well and a local sewage treatment plant. During the planning process, it is necessary to take into account the requirements of SNiP.
The importance of maintaining sanitary standards
It is very important to choose the location for installing the septic tank, taking into account the requirements of SNiP, as well as sanitary standards. The fact is that an incorrectly installed septic tank is a kind of environmental “mine” that can explode at any moment.
Even if the owners have purchased a reliable factory-made septic tank with a reliable sealed housing, no one is immune from emergency situations. The following accidents may occur:
- pipeline depressurization;
- the appearance of leaks at the junction of pipes and the septic tank body;
- damage to the septic tank body.
In the event of a wastewater leak, there is a risk of dangerous contaminants penetrating into aquifers. Which will make drinking water obtained from a borehole or well dangerous to human health.
Standards
The rules for choosing the location of a well for obtaining drinking water, as well as treatment plants, are formulated in regulatory documents. This:
- SNiP 2.04.04-84;
- SNiP 2.04.03-85;
- SanPin 2.1.5.980.-00;
- SanPin 2.2.1/2.1.1.1200-03.
These documents formulate standards for the installation of external sewerage networks and drinking water supply systems, as well as rules for creating protective zones near significant environmental sites, which include water intake wells.
Basic Rules
If the owners undertake the independent construction of a local sewer system, the following points must be taken into account:
- it is necessary to retreat no less than five meters from the foundation of a residential building;
Advice! They try to locate the treatment plant away from a residential building not only to avoid unpleasant odors hanging around the house. It is also important to protect the foundation of the house from flooding, since the water removed from the septic tank can begin to destroy the structure.
- you need to retreat at least a meter from the foundation of outbuildings (for example, a garage);
- It is prohibited to install a treatment facility near the fence separating neighboring areas. You need to retreat at least a meter from your neighbors’ fence;
- It is also worth taking care of the green spaces on the site, since excessive moisture will lead to rotting of the root system, so fruit trees should be planted at a distance of at least three meters from the installation, and shrubs can be planted more than a meter away.
Distance to water intake source
Particularly stringent requirements are imposed on the location of the source of drinking water and the treatment plant relative to each other. The severity of the requirements is quite understandable; if the standards are not met, the risk of contamination of drinking water coming from the well increases, thereby making it impossible to use. In order not to expose your family to the risk of infection with low-quality water, it is better to correctly locate all engineering structures on the site from the very beginning.
The minimum distance that should separate the point of drinking water intake and the local treatment plant depends on the type of soil on the site. The higher the permeability of the soil, the greater the distance should separate these two objects.
Advice! For example, on sandy soil the minimum distance will be 80 meters. If there is clay on the site, then the distance can be reduced to 30 meters.
Relief influence
When planning the location of engineering structures on a site, it is necessary to take into account the features of the relief. Important:
- install a treatment plant on a hill. When the septic tank is located in a lowland, there is a risk of flooding of the chambers with rain or melt water;
- it is important that the septic tank is located lower in the direction of the slope than the well or well. This requirement is also dictated by the desire to prevent contamination from entering drinking water.
Surrounding objects
When choosing a construction site, you need to take into account not only the presence of buildings and plantings on your site, but also the features of the surrounding area. In particular:
- if there is a body of standing water near the site (lake, pond, reservoir), it is necessary that the distance from the septic tank to the reservoir be more than thirty meters;
- less stringent requirements are imposed if there is a reservoir with running water near the site (river, stream), in this case, the distance to the installation site of the septic tank must be at least 10 meters;
- It is important not to locate the treatment plant next to a roadway; these two objects should be separated by at least five meters.
The further the better?
You may get the impression that it is best to install a septic tank as far as possible from residential buildings, placing it somewhere in a vacant lot. Actually this is not true. The location of the treatment plant too far away has a significant disadvantage - it will be necessary to build a sewerage pipeline that is too long.
This solution increases the cost of construction. And the point is not only that you will have to purchase more pipes. In addition to pipes, wells will also be needed to service pipelines. It is necessary to install wells:
- every 15 meters on straight sections;
- at every turn;
- at the place where there is a difference in height.
In addition, the longer the pipeline, the greater the risk of blockages, and cleaning the pipes will require additional costs. One cannot ignore the fact that pipes must be laid with a slope, that is, the longer the pipe, the more significant the difference in height between its beginning and end will be.
As a result, the septic tank itself will have to be installed at a considerable depth, and this is both expensive and not always possible. For example, if the groundwater level is high, it is impossible to install a septic tank at a significant depth.
Don’t forget that the septic tank will need to be cleaned periodically, so it needs to be located so that the sewer truck can drive up to the tanks for pumping.
So, the location of the septic tank on the site is a very important point that needs to be thought through at the construction planning stage. You need to choose a place not only for reasons of convenience, but also taking into account the requirements of sanitary standards. Only in this case can you be sure that the drinking water entering the house from a well or borehole will not be contaminated with dangerous bacteria.
When installing treatment facilities in a private household (dacha or country yard), do not forget that they are potentially hazardous to the environment. Therefore, during construction, we should take into account the instructions of regulatory documents, such as SNiP on the location of the septic tank on the site, otherwise we are guaranteed problems with neighbors and sanitary and epidemiological services.
Below we will look at what precautions you should take when building a purifier.
Design features
To understand why it is so important to choose the right location for such an installation on a site, let’s start with the basics:
- , in which household waste from private households is accumulated, settled, cleaned and disposed of. Homemade purifiers are usually constructed from plastic containers, concrete, bricks, car tires, etc.
- Such designs can hardly be called full-fledged filters. They purify wastewater by no more than 60%, which is why we should strive to minimize the harm caused by sewage waste to soil and groundwater.
- Industrial septic tanks allow you to purify fecal water by 99%. They are more complex in design: in addition to gravitational settling, anaerobic (oxygen-free) fermentation is used for purification, during which organic matter is decomposed by bacteria.
- A feature of ready-made cleaning structures is also the energy dependence of some models. In complex devices, the flow of liquid from container to container occurs due to compressors that require electricity. This additional factor must also be taken into account when deciding where to locate the septic tank on the site.
Choosing a position
Analysis of potential threats
The main environmental hazards that arise when installing a septic tank:
- Waste entering the ground due to leaking containers or connections to sewer pipes.
- Ingress of wastewater into groundwater due to the close placement of the septic tank to aquifers.
- Contamination of the site due to the overflow of waste from containers during floods or prolonged absence of sludge pumping.
- Flooding of buildings when the integrity of containers is damaged.
- Liquid waste entering wells.
To avoid these problems, you need to take seriously the determination of the location of the septic tank. Also, when building septic tanks with your own hands, you should pay special attention to the depth of installation of the containers and the thoroughness of sealing seams and joints.
The main questions when choosing a location will be the following:
- How far should the mechanism be located from the house and other buildings?
- How to correlate the location of the well and septic tank on the site?
- What distance should be to trees, beds or flower beds?
- How far from neighboring areas should containers be placed?
You should also not forget about the rules for installing a septic tank, which will help protect the environment from pollution in the future.
Standards for the location of the treatment plant
Today, unified official instructions for the installation and placement of septic tanks have not yet been developed.
We list just a few documents, the instructions of which should be taken into account before placing a septic tank on the site:
- SNiP 2.04.03-85, which describes the procedure for constructing sewer networks.
- SNiP 2.04.02-84, which regulates all details of the water supply process.
- SNiP 2.04.01-85. dated 1986-07-01 - contains requirements for water supply communications.
- SanPiN 2.1.5.980-00 - regulates the sanitary protection of surface water sources.
- SanPin 2.2.1/2.1.1.1200-03 - determines the procedure for creating and boundaries of sanitary zones.
Septic tank and living quarters
So let's start from the beginning. The first question is how far the purifier should be placed from the house. Naturally, the cheapest thing would be to place the unit right next to the wall: the main waste drain comes from the house, and the further the mechanism is located, the longer the drain laid to it.
However, price should not play a decisive role in planning:
- The distance from a residential building to the treatment plant must be at least 5 meters (if you count from the foundation of the building).
- Installing a septic tank at a closer distance is fraught with the possibility of flooding of the foundation in an emergency or during a sudden melting of snow.
- In addition, one should not forget about the unpleasant odor that, if placed close, will enter the house.
- The distance to utility and non-residential buildings according to the regulations is 1 meter.
- Another standard requires that there be a minimum of 10 meters between the septic tank and water pipes.
Note! The device should be moved at least 4 meters away from trees, bushes and flower beds. Otherwise, the roots will rot and the plants will be poisoned by chemical waste from sewage.
Septic tank and neighboring facilities
Before calculating the distance from the septic tank to the neighboring plot, you should remember all of the above: the neighbors also have a residential building, flower beds and underground communications. So all regulations remain in force. It should only be added that the treatment plant should be installed no closer than two meters from the border with the neighboring site.
The minimum permissible distance of the cleaner from the road or highway should not be less than 5 meters. On the other hand, do not forget that the containers need to be cleaned periodically, which means there must be at least some kind of access route to them.
The location of the septic tank and well on the site is one of the main construction parameters, because contamination of wells can turn into a real environmental disaster on a local scale:
- The distance from the purifier to the well is determined in each case separately, since it is necessary to take into account the composition of the soil and the connection between the filtering and aquifer layers of the soil.
- The minimum should be 25 m, the maximum (if sand or loam predominates in the soil) - about 80 meters.
- A distance of at least 50 meters must be maintained from the well to the filtration device.
Advice! If the terrain allows, for additional protection we place treatment facilities down the slope from the water intake points - this way we will reduce the risk of toxins getting into drinking water and irrigation water.
Conclusion
Correctly using the information received, we will be able to calculate the distance from the septic tank to the border of the site, to residential premises and sources of drinking water. This will help us avoid problems with the SES, neighbors, and significantly simplify our country life ().
The video in this article describes the site selection process in more detail, so it's worth studying it carefully before getting started!
What is the main difference between a hut and a cottage? That's right, in availability of sewerage. As for the sewerage system, there are two possible options for its design. The first is connecting to the city network. The second option is to install an autonomous sewage system using a cesspool or septic tank. The latter will be discussed in this article.
The septic tank is a local element treatment facilities (sealed tank) designed for collecting and treating wastewater. It is installed most often in cases where it is not possible to connect to the central sewerage system. Therefore, the main buyers of septic tanks are the owners of individual residential buildings and cottages.
A septic tank is one of those types of containers that have special requirements. This is due to the fact that it produces explosive methane and foul-smelling sulfur gas, the smell of which is reminiscent of rotten eggs. WITH most requirements requirements for cesspools and in particular septic tanks can be found in Federal Law No. 52 “On the Sanitary and Epidemiological Welfare of the Population”, SanPiNe 42-128-4690-88 and SNiPe 30-02-97* “Planning and Development of Horticultural Territories ( dacha) citizens' associations, buildings and structures."
The main thing you need to know when using a septic tank is where you can and where you can’t. place a septic tank on the site in accordance with regulations. Since if it is placed incorrectly, not only the comfort of staying on the territory may be disrupted, but also administrative liability may follow. Therefore, anyone who wants to bury a septic tank closer to their neighbors needs to think twice.
Basic requirements for placing a septic tank on the site
1. Minimum distance septic tank from a residential building or cottage - 5 meters. This limitation is dictated by two requirements. Firstly, if the septic tank is located at a considerable distance from the house, then the costs of laying sewer pipes, as well as cleaning them, increase. Secondly, the cesspool has a specific smell, which means that if it is located close to the house, it is impossible to open the window for ventilation.
2. septic tank and fence, separating you from your neighbors - 2 meters. This requirement is explained by the fact that neighbors are people too.
3. Minimum indentation septic tank from the road - 5 meters. It should also be noted here that this container should be located so that it is convenient to pump out the contents from it using special equipment.
4 . Minimum distance between septic tank and foundations outbuildings(bathhouse, barn, etc.) - 1 meter. This is necessary in case of washout due to unwanted depressurization of the tank or rupture of the connection between the sewer pipe and the septic tank.
5. Minimum distance between septic tank and water pipe - 10 meters. This requirement is imposed in order to exclude the possibility of wastewater getting into drinking water in the event of a water pipe seal failure.
6. Minimum distance between trees (shrubs) and septic tank - 4 meters. This limitation is a recommendation. Because if there is excessive moisture, plants may die.
7. Minimum indentation septic tank from an open reservoir - 30 meters. This distance will avoid unwanted discharge of wastewater into rivers and lakes.
8. Minimum distance between septic tank and drinking water source - 50 meters. Compliance with this requirement ensures that drinking water, for example, in a well, remains potable. But this distance can be reduced to 20 meters in the case where soils with poor water permeability lie between the aquifers and the septic tank. Such soils, for example, include dense clays.
Saint Petersburg
This Personal Data Privacy Policy (hereinafter referred to as the Privacy Policy) applies to all information that the Astraseptic online store,
located on the domain name Store Address, can receive information about the User while using the website of the online store, programs and products of the online store.
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- IP address;
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7.2.1. Became public domain until it was lost or disclosed.
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Considering the fact that the septic tank is part of the sewer system, it is very important to take a responsible approach to choosing its location. Whatever one may say, the containers of such an installation, and even the aeration area, will smell far from fresh French buns. In addition, you need to be prepared for high humidity in the area of the well or filtration field. In this article we will consider the issue of the correct location of the septic tank on a suburban area, what distances should be maintained between the septic tank and the house, well, trees, etc.
We will clean the drains and get rid of the unpleasant odor
Caring for trees
If you do not want your garden to suffer from excess moisture, and the tree roots simply do not rot, you should place the septic tank at a distance of at least 4 m from them. Of course, we are talking about plants that do not tolerate strong moisture and have an extensive root system. In the immediate vicinity and even on the filtration site, it is quite possible to create a flower garden.
Health safety comes first!
If there is no running water on your site, and water is obtained from a well or well “on sand”, you must take into account the terrain and maintain a distance of 50 m from the septic tank to the place of water production. In real conditions, this is quite difficult to do, given the small areas of the sites. Therefore, it is simply necessary to place the septic tank as far as possible from the place of water intake in the area that is located below it - you can even install it.
Don't forget about the neighbors
Coordinate the installation of a septic tank with your neighbors, because you are also responsible for their quality of life. It is unlikely that they will be pleased to learn that your septic tank, located on the border of the property, negatively affects the quality of their well water.