Nemesia - subshrub or herbaceous plant of the Norichnikov family, which was named after the ancient Greek goddess of vengeance Nemesis. Nemesia is native to the continental regions of South Africa, where it grows in bushes, along the banks of reservoirs and in damp lowlands.
Currently, about 50 varieties of cultivated and wild nemesia are known. In mid-latitudes it is grown as an annual; in southern latitudes, with a year-round warm climate, perennial varieties also grow well.
The plant has a tap root and blooms profusely for several months (from June to September frosts). The flowers completely cover the bushes. The trunks of the bush are herbaceous, dense, the leaves are lanceolate, elongated, dissected or solid.
Growing from seeds is the only way to propagate nemesia in conditions middle zone. Perennial species are propagated by seeds and cuttings. No matter what type of nemesia it belongs to, planting and caring for flowers are practically the same.
Popular varieties and varieties of nemesia
The variety of varieties and types of this flower allows you to decorate any garden and flower beds. Botany distinguishes nemesia goiterous, multi-colored, lush-flowering, azure and hybrid.
The lower double (fused) petal of Nemesia goiter is concave upward and resembles a bird's crop, where the name of the species comes from. The petals have the most different colors. Breeders have bred plants with red, blue, orange, purple, yellow, white, and cherry petals. One flower has petals of one or two colors.
The flowers are small, their diameter does not exceed 2-2.5 cm. Plant height is 15-45 cm.
The following varieties of goiterous nemesia are popular among flower growers:
- Aurora;
- Fire King;
- National Ensign (National Banner);
- Danish Flag;
- Mello Red and White;
- Funfair;
- Red and White;
- Orange Prince.
Nemesia goiter in the photo
Variegated nemesia is an annual that produces abundant small flowers of various colors. The predominant colors of the petals are blue, soft blue, lilac, yellowish, violet and pink.
The corolla is similar in appearance to Nemesia goiter, but is smaller in size (up to 2 cm in diameter) and has a large spur behind the flower. The height of the multi-colored nemesia bush does not exceed 25 cm.
Several have been used for garden selection wild species this plant. Flower growers often plant varieties Edelblau (Edelblau) of a light sky blue color and Blue Bird ( Blue bird) with bright blue flowers and a whitish (or yellow) spot on the “lip”.
Photo. Nemesia variegated
Hybrid varieties are bred by crossing Nemesia variegated and goiter. Hybrids are distinguished by a variety of colors, sizes and shapes of flowers. Among them there are varieties with completely unusual, lancet, and large oval petals. The diameter of the flowers is 2-2.5 cm.
Hybrids bloom very profusely from early (or mid) June to September. The flower bushes are voluminous, spreading, their height ranges from 15-25 to 60 cm.
The following varieties are popular among flower growers:
- Triumph;
- Carnival;
- Ice and fire;
- Warm evening;
- Foxtrot;
- Macarena;
- Morning bliss;
- Cardinal's Robe;
- Myrtille;
- Framboise;
- Blue Gem (Blue pearl);
- Jingle Bells;
- Carnival (Carnival);
- Sparklers;
- White Knight.
Reference. Nemesia Sparklers has tricolor petals.
Photo. Nemesia hybrid
This perennial grows up to 40 cm in height. The azure nemesia bush is covered with many blue, light purple, pale blue, white flowers up to 1.5 cm in diameter.
The straight stems and branches of the bush bend and bend towards the ground under the weight of the flowers.
The following varieties of breeding nemesia azure are popular:
- Woodcote;
- Coconut Ice (Coconut ice);
- Joan Wilder.
In the photo Nemesia azure
Nemesia floriferous
Nemesia floriferous is little known to amateur flower growers; its seeds do not often appear on sale. This plant reaches 40 cm in height, its flowers are small, light-colored, often monochromatic. The bush looks like wildflowers and looks discreet.
Nemesia lush flowering in the photo
Growing nemesia from seeds (sowing seedlings and caring for them)
The seeds of the plant are very small. Therefore, planting seeds is not an easy task - you can plant dozens of seeds in a heap, which will be difficult to thin out.
Sowing seedlings
Seeds are planted for seedlings in March. For sowing you need a small box, a cover glass or a large piece of transparent polyethylene. For nemesia, standard soil for flower seedlings, which is sold in stores, is well suited.
The soil is poured into the box, not reaching the edges 2-3 centimeters, and lightly compacted by slamming. The seeds are sprinkled on the ground, carefully shaking off the paper sheet. 1-2 mm of peat is carefully poured on top of the seeds.
There is another planting method that allows you to save seeds. A thin layer of snow is poured on top of the soil. A rounded stick (pencil, pen) is slightly moistened, a seed is taken with it and transferred to the snow. When the snow melts, the seeds will fall evenly onto the ground. The greenhouse is watered, the box is covered with glass or covered with polyethylene. Seeds sown on snow are not sprinkled.
Nemesia seeds are planted for seedlings in March.
Uniform sowing can be achieved by mixing the seeds with dry (used) tea leaves (in dry form). Fine-grained sand and crushed dust of last year's leaves are also suitable for this purpose.
Seedling care
The temperature inside the box should be kept within 20 degrees. The greenhouse is placed on a window in the southern room; if the spring sun overheats it, it is removed from direct rays. Water the soil as it dries out (every 2-5 days).
Shoots appear 10-15 days after planting. After this, the greenhouse is not covered with glass (film). The temperature for sprouts should be at least 10 degrees, but not more than plus 15 degrees.
Reference. Week-old sprouts are watered with solutions containing potassium and phosphorus fertilizers, which are diluted according to the instructions on the package.
When 2-3 leaves appear on the sprouts, they are picked (taken out of the soil with a lump of earth and transferred to paper or peat cups, in the same universal soil for seedlings.
Planting in open ground
For flower beds, choose a place well lit by the sun. Humus and sand are added to the soil layer for good water circulation.
IN open ground Nemesia seedlings begin to be planted only in early June.
Fertilizers and sand are applied to the tip of the shovel and deeper, just as the plant has a tap root. The ideal potting soil is porous and moderately fertile.
Reference. Lime is not added to the soil for nemesia.
Sprouts are planted in flower beds in early June (in the southern regions - in the middle or end of May). Some gardeners plant seedlings as soon as the night temperature becomes above zero. If planting is carried out with seeds in the ground, flowering will begin three or four weeks later.
The distance between seedlings depends on the size of the future bush and ranges from 15 to 25 cm. With sufficient distance between plants, a lush bush is formed.
Landing is done as follows:
- A hole is dug in the ground at the height of the cup with the sprout.
- The glass is cut and placed in a hole along with a lump of earth. Peat cup placed without destroying it.
- The hole is covered with earth.
- The bed is watered from a watering can.
Necessary care for nemesia
Nemesia begins to bloom 2 months after sowing the seeds.
The soil around the nemesia is regularly spilled and loosened.
Flower care includes the following work:
- regular watering;
- loosening the soil;
- weeding;
- mulching flower beds in dry weather;
- fertilizing with mineral fertilizers;
- removal of dried shoots;
- removal of dried flowers;
- pinching the tops.
Nemesias do not tolerate extreme heat; if the soil dries out, these flowers may die. In dry weather, the flower beds are watered two or three times a week. Loosening the soil is done once every seven to ten days, after watering, and combined with weeding.
Plants are fertilized with potassium, phosphorus and nitrogen fertilizers 2-3 times per season. Solutions are diluted according to the instructions from the chemical manufacturer.
Pinching the tops is done to force the plant to “bush,” growing long branches with flowers. This way you get a flower bed completely covered with a flower carpet.
Diseases, pests and their control
Nemesia suffers from root rot and other fungal diseases, since fungi reproduce well in moist soils. These diseases are difficult to treat. If the lesions are single, the diseased plants are removed, and the soil and bushes are watered with water and fungicides.
For these flowers, the spider mite is dangerous - a red or greenish spider with a body size of 0.5 mm. The mite feeds on the juices of the leaves, causing them to wither, turn pale, and the flower dies.
To destroy the mite, foliage, stems, branches and the ground near the flower are sprayed with acaricidal preparations, Talstar,.
Nemesia may suffer from root rot, in which case the affected plants are removed.
Nemesia after flowering
To extend the flowering period, dried flowers are cut off. The upper branches are cut at a level of 15-20 cm above the ground level. The bush will grow again, after a couple of weeks new buds will form in the axils of the leaves, and flowering will resume.
Hybrids bloom earlier than regular varieties. Pruning will allow the nemesia to bear new flowers in late August and September.
How to collect seeds
To collect seeds, select several of the largest and brightest flowers. When the boxes grow and become dry, they are cut off. The testes should be slightly immature. To ripen, they are placed on a saucer and placed in a dry place, out of direct sunlight.
The seeds are removed from the dried pods, dried and stored in a cool place at normal humidity. The seeds are packed in a regular paper envelope. Shelf life seed material- 2 years.
Reference. IN hybrid varieties sown from collected seeds, the color of the flowers of the mother plant is not preserved.
The use of nemesia in landscape design in combination with other plants and flowers
Nemesia is used in many styles of landscape design. Flowering bushes fit well into the flower beds of classical gardens; they are planted in rockeries and on alpine roller coaster.
Nemesia is suitable for growing in various boxes and flowerpots.
Multi-level flower beds in which nemesia is planted next to other flowers look beautiful. This plant is combined with asters, dahlias, heliotrope, calceolaria, marigolds, pelargonium, labelia, ageratum, cordylines, petunia, pansies. Flowers are used to form square areas (edges), stripes, borders and ornaments in flower beds.
Nemesia is grown in hanging and floor flowerpots, round bowls and boxes for decorating balconies and verandas. Flowering branches of bushes, hanging to the ground, form colorful “balls”. These flowers are planted in pots as indoor plants.
Nemesia is a perennial herbaceous plant, sometimes presented in the form of a shrub, 30-60 cm high. But most often this flower is considered an annual, and this is due to the fact that it is not able to survive very coldy, therefore in warm climatic zones Nemesia is grown as a perennial, and in cold weather it is planted only for one year.
This flower is suitable for decorating garden and city flower beds, and will also be a wonderful decoration for any personal plot. Nemesia has wide range color range, so you can make compositions from different types colors, combining color palettes.
Varieties and types
- an annual herbaceous plant, has inflorescences 2 cm in diameter, red, yellow, pink or orange. Plant height 25-35 cm.
- a perennial species, but grown as an annual. As a shrub, reaches 40 cm in height. It blooms in June and blooms for three months, delighting with beautiful large blue, light blue, pink and white flowers.
– has not the same large flowers, like other species, and the color of some varieties resembles forget-me-nots, while others are dark blue.
- an annual plant, bred by crossing species such as multi-colored and goiter nemesia. Reaches 20-50 cm in height. Flowering occurs closer to June. Flowers up to 2 cm in diameter come in a variety of colors.
Nemesia planting and care in open ground
When choosing a place to plant, keep in mind that the flowers tend to stretch towards the sun.
Watering should be moderate, do not allow excess, the best solution To retain moisture around the bush, mulch the soil.
Fertilizer for nemesia
Nemesia needs feeding for lush flowering, rich colors and large flowers.
For this purpose a comprehensive mineral fertilizer designed specifically for flowering plants. Fertilizers are applied no more than 4 times a year, presumably during active growth and flowering.
Nemesia pruning
An interesting fact is that the flowering of the plant can be prolonged simply by regularly removing wilted flowers. Or you can cut off the tops of faded shoots and then the nemesia will produce new shoots and the plant will bloom again. For this reason, pruning is considered a rejuvenating procedure.
Also remember to remove weeds around the plant and periodically weed the ground around the bush if it is not drained enough.
Reproduction of nemesia
Growing from seeds is the most optimal and easiest method of propagation. The fact is that, for example, dividing a bush can damage the root system, since it is very delicate. For this reason, such a bush will take a long time to take root and both the separated part and the mother plant may disappear. Therefore, this method is used extremely rarely, in exceptional situations and with great caution.
As for seeds, there are two methods of planting: sowing directly into open ground or pre-growing seedlings. If you sow in unprotected soil, the seeds will take root and begin to bloom, but much later, so for annual species it will be a waste of time, since flowering will be short-lived. This method is used in warm countries when nemesia is planted as a perennial.
Planting nemesia for seedlings
In order to enjoy an active and lush flowering, seedlings must be prepared in the spring (end of March). Soil can be purchased at flower shop, it’s called “soil for seedlings.” Seeds are sown on top of the substrate in boxes; there is no need to sprinkle on top.
Cover the top with glass or polyethylene and keep the soil constantly moist by spraying with a spray bottle. To prevent overmoistening, ventilate daily by removing glass (polyethylene). Also important point is maintaining constant temperature within +20°C.
After one and a half to two weeks, the first seedlings will hatch and the glass (polyethylene) can be removed and the boxes placed in a well-lit and cool place (+10...+15°C). After another week, fertilizers containing nitrogen and potassium are applied, along with the planned watering.
When two or three pairs of young leaves appear on the young sprouts, they are picked out in separate pots or cups. Around June, the plant will become strong enough and perhaps even begin to bloom, then it can be planted in a plot (flower bed). The distance between each specimen should be at least 20-25 cm, given that nemesia quickly and abundantly grows in breadth.
Nemesia growing from seeds
Before sowing, which takes place in April-May, upper layer the soil is mulched with peat, and the soil itself must be well drained. Now you can sow the area (flowerbed), moisten it with a spray bottle (if you water it from a bucket, for example, the seeds may be washed away and collect in one place, while others will be empty) and cover with plastic wrap.
Don’t forget to ventilate, moisturize and feed with minerals. complex fertilizers(once every two weeks) soil. After germination, the film is removed. When the seedlings grow and become dense, thinning must be carried out so that at least 20-25 cm remains between each plant. The weakest specimens are removed.
If you do not dive in time, then there is a high probability of fungal diseases appearing, and the plants themselves will become faded. Growing seedlings directly in open ground requires maintaining constant soil moisture, since on particularly hot days, an overdried clod of soil in the place where young plants grow can lead to the death of all young plants. To avoid such cases, mulching is necessary.
Diseases and pests
With constant waterlogging of the soil and stagnation of water in the roots of the plant, there is a high probability of fungal diseases. If you notice rotting of the stems or roots, treatment with fungicidal agents will help at the initial stage.
To avoid rot, just don’t flood the flower too much, less is better, but more often. As soon as the top layer earthen coma When it dries out, you can water it again.
When such symptoms appear, it is necessary to examine the nemesia; if you notice a sticky cobweb on the leaves and the mite itself (red or green, about 0.5 mm in size), then treatment with such means as, for example, “Aktelik” is necessary.
- Bloom: from June until frost.
- Landing: sowing seeds for seedlings - at the end of March, planting seedlings in open ground - at the end of May or early June.
- Lighting: bright sunlight.
- The soil: well-drained, moderately moist, neutral or slightly acidic soil of average fertility.
- Watering: regular, moderate, in heat and drought - more frequent and abundant.
- Feeding: 2-3 times per season with complex mineral or liquid organic fertilizers.
- Pinching: regular.
- Reproduction: seed.
- Pests: spider mites.
- Diseases: with excessive watering - fungal infections.
Read more about growing nemesia below.
Nemesia flower - description
The nemesia plant reaches a height of 30 to 60 cm. The stems of nemesia are tetrahedral, branched, sometimes pubescent, bending over time under the weight of the inflorescences and linear or lanceolate, opposite, serrated along the edges of the leaves. Numerous axillary flowers, solitary or collected in apical inflorescences, consist of a tubular corolla with labiform limbs: the upper quadripartite and the lower dicotyledon. The color of the flowers is varied. The fruit is a capsule with big amount black elongated seeds in whitish arils. Nemesia seeds remain viable for up to 2 years.
Despite the fact that garden nemesia is represented by both annual and perennial species, in temperate climate it is grown as an annual crop.
Sowing nemesia for seedlings.
Nemesia is planted by seeds, cuttings and dividing the bush, but since the long roots of the plant are easily damaged when dividing, it is best to grow nemesia by seed seedlings.
Seeds purchased in a store or collected with your own hands are sown at the end of March in seedling containers filled with a loose, moisture-absorbing substrate for flower crops, or in a mixture of peat and sand, on which a layer of snow is laid: on white snow, black small seeds are clearly visible, and it is easier to distribute them evenly over the surface. The crops are covered with glass or transparent film and kept in a bright place at a temperature of 20 ºC, ventilated daily. The first shoots of nemesia should appear in 10-14 days.
Caring for nemesia seedlings.
With the beginning of mass germination of seeds, the container with the crops is exposed to bright, diffused light, and the temperature is lowered to 8-10 ºC. This is done so that the nemesia seedlings do not stretch. A week after the emergence of seedlings, the soil is watered with a solution of complex fertilizer in a weak concentration. Caring for seedlings consists of watering and carefully loosening the soil. 3-4 weeks after sowing, at the stage of development of the seedlings with two or three true leaves, the seedlings are planted in separate cups or pots, and the room temperature is maintained at 13 ºC. Make sure that the substrate in the cups does not dry out. Two weeks before planting in the garden, seedlings begin to harden.
Growing nemesia at home.
Actually, nemesia is grown at home only during the seedling period, and then it is planted in open ground or transferred to a balcony or veranda. How to grow nemesia for landscaping a balcony, veranda or terrace? If you do not intend to keep nemesia in the garden, you can sow the seeds in February. The planting procedure and maintenance conditions are absolutely the same as for seedlings, but instead of picking into cups, nemesia is planted in containers or pots, which, when warmer, are taken out to the balcony, veranda or terrace.
Planting nemesia in open ground
When to plant nemesia in the ground.
Nemesia seedlings are planted in open ground after establishment warm weather when the threat of frost has passed: at the end of May or at the beginning of June. An open, ventilated, sunny area with well-drained, moist soil of average fertility with a neutral or slightly acidic reaction is suitable for nemesis. Nemesia also grows well in light lacy partial shade.
How to plant nemesia in the garden.
To plant seedlings, prepare holes of such depth that they can accommodate root system seedling together with a lump of earth. The distance between plants should be 20-30 cm, since nemesia bushes slightly fall apart. After planting and embedding, the seedlings are watered, and after the water is absorbed, the area is mulched to protect the soil from rapid evaporation of moisture. Nemesia from seeds will bloom in late June or early July.
Caring for nemesia
Growing nemesia in the garden.
Planting and caring for nemesia is not labor intensive. In order for the plant to bush, the tops of its shoots are regularly pinched. During the season, you will have to water the nemesia, especially in dry weather, weed the weeds and loosen the soil around the bushes.
Nemesia flowers are fed 2-3 times during the season with complex mineral fertilizer, for example, Kemira Lux. Nemesia favorably accepts in open ground and organic fertilizers.
Pests and diseases of nemesia.
Due to the fact that nemesia loves moisture very much, it is susceptible to fungal diseases. To avoid damage to nemesia by fungi, water the plant moderately, allowing the top layer of soil to dry out, but if the plant still becomes sick, treat it with a fungicide solution.
Among insects, nemesia in open ground can suffer from spider mite, feeding on the cell sap of plants, and if you find the thinnest sticky web on the bushes or drying and falling leaves, take immediate action: treat the plants and the soil around them with a solution of Akarin, Actellik, Karate, Fitoverm or some other acaricide.
Nemesia after flowering.
When the first wave of flowering has subsided, the ends of the shoots of nemesia with faded inflorescences should be cut off, and soon proper care New shoots will appear from the axils of the leaves, which will bloom after a while.
Types and varieties of nemesia
Among the types of nemesia, there are those that are best grown in the garden, and there are types that can be used to decorate balconies and terraces. We present to you the most popular types and varieties of nemesia in gardening.
Nemesia floribunda
- a plant reaching a height of 40 cm, the shoots of which are crowned with delicate small pale blue flowers. This species, unfortunately, can rarely be found in culture, although interest in it has been growing over the years.
- a South African species of annual plants with highly branched thin stems up to 25 cm high and medium-sized flowers. Nemesia variegated served as the basis for the development of many hybrids. The most famous varieties:
- – Blue Bird– a plant with bright blue flowers with a yellow or white spot on the lip;
- – Edelblau– the flowers of this variety are the same color as those of forget-me-nots.
is a highly branched annual 35-40 cm high with oval, sessile lower and linear upper leaves. Flowers of plants of this species irregular shape, swollen, without spurs, up to 25 mm in diameter, with a drooping throat, red, pink, orange or yellow, there are varieties with variegated flowers. The species has been in cultivation since 1892. The most the best varieties types are:
- – Aurora– a plant up to 30 cm high with large scarlet-white flowers;
- – Fanfair– variety with cream and yellow flowers;
- – Sparklers– nemesia with two-three-color flowers;
- – Fire King– a variety up to 30 cm high with fiery red flowers;
- – National Ensign- Fine famous variety with red and white flowers.
combines all varieties of hybrid origin from crossing Nemesia zombie and Nemesia multicolored. As a rule, these are annuals from 30 to 60 cm in height with elongated, almost lanceolate leaves, crenate along the edge. Irregularly shaped, large flowers up to 2 cm in diameter with a two-lipped corolla are collected in apical racemose inflorescences. Hybrid nemesia usually goes on sale in variety mixtures that differ in plant height. For example:
- – nemesia triumph– varieties of various colors up to 15 cm high;
- – nemesia carnival– plants 18-20 cm high in various colors.
Some popular varieties of hybrid nemesia also go on sale:
- – nemesia Robe of the King (Cardinal)- a variety that blooms profusely with bright blue flowers with long spurs. The center of the corolla is white, along the edges of the petals there is a blue border;
- – Tumbelina – new variety 15-20 cm high with lavender-blue flowers about 3 cm in diameter.
Sansatia (Nemesia ampelous)
is a triploid interspecific hybrid obtained in 2009 by German breeders by crossing a perennial and an annual species of nemesia. Ampelous varieties only eight so far. They resemble in color exotic fruits, which is why they received the following names: Lemon, Coconut, Peach, Blackberry, Banana, Pineapple, Mango and Cranberry, and the most ampelous of these varieties are Lemon, Coconut, Banana, Pineapple and Cranberry, and Mango, Blackberry and Peach have erect peduncles.
Nemesia)- perennial beautiful flowering plant. It is native to the highland grasslands of South Africa. Nemesia has a very long tap root, which helps it survive in the harsh conditions of Africa.
With our harsh winters growing nemesia as perennial crop possible only in room conditions. In the garden, nemesia is grown as an annual plant. Also in Lately withdrawn nemesia goiter(Nemesia strumosa). This is an annual plant.
Nemesia has thin, numerous branching stems from 20 to 60 cm in height; leaves grow along the entire stem, oval below, oblong above, almost lanceolate, light green in color. At the ends of the stems there are flowers collected in loose racemes. The stems and buds are slightly pubescent.
Nemesia flower has an irregular shape: it has a slightly swollen lower lip, on which there is a light spot. The flower ends in a long spur at the back. Nemesia flowers look a little like Snapdragon. Its flowers are painted in almost all the colors of the rainbow, you can see this by looking at photo of nemesia.
By the way, if you want to maintain this color, then the nemesia will have to be cut. When growing nemesia from seeds, the maternal color of the flower is usually not preserved. Therefore, if you want to have a specific color, you will have to buy rooted nemesia cuttings in nurseries.
Sowing nemesia seeds
Growing nemesia from seeds is not difficult. To get nemesia to bloom in June, the seeds are sown as early as March. Nemesia seeds very small, almost like petunia. One gram contains 3500 seeds.
However, when growing nemesia, there are some nuances that you need to know before you start sowing. Since nemesia has a long tap root, it does not tolerate transplantation very well and may disappear due to damage to the roots. It is advisable to injure the root system as little as possible, so you only need to do one transplant in a very early age. Before this, the ground is heavily spilled with water until it becomes muddy. It is advisable to replant nemesia immediately into tall cups, from which it, together with a lump of earth, is transplanted into open ground.
And one more thing: since the seeds are very small and can be easily lost on the black background of the earth, you can use improvised means:
— Place a layer of snow on top of the container with the earthen mixture; you can evenly distribute the nemesia seeds on it, avoiding too much crowding.
- you can mix nemesia seeds with sand and simply sprinkle this sand on the snow.
- you can use it for planting seeds with a simple pencil. Wet the blunt end of the pencil to pick up one or two seeds and transfer it to the surface of the snow. You can immediately make small indentations with a pencil. It is recommended to sprinkle the nemesia seeds on top with a thin layer of soil or sand. But you don’t have to fall asleep: the snow will melt and draw in the nemesia seeds.
Cover the top with film or glass for more friendly shoots. Shoots appear in a week. At first, you can use spraying instead of watering. When sowing nemesia seeds directly into the ground in April-May, seedlings appear within two weeks, and flowering may then begin towards the end of July.
Further care for nemesia
After the threat of frost has passed, nemesia seedlings are planted in a permanent place in the flower garden. Remember that the nemesia bush falls apart a little, so when planting, it is recommended to leave a distance of 20-30 cm between plants.
Nemesia is not picky about the type of soil; it grows well in any moderately fertilized soil, but without fresh manure, areas. Instead of manure, it prefers liming. Nemesia prefers moderately moist and well-drained soil. Feels great in sunny and windy areas. Also, when planting nemesia, you should take into account the fact that its flowers always turn towards the sun. If you want to always admire nemesia, choose an appropriate place for it.
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The herbaceous plant or shrub nemesia belongs to the Norichnikov family. In nature, the flower is represented by perennial and annual species, which are found in coastal areas and bushland areas of South Africa. In gardens, nemesia is grown as an annual, since the plant freezes out in cold winters.
Nemesia flower - description
A plant with branched tetrahedral stems can reach a height of thirty to sixty centimeters. It has opposite, jagged edges, lanceolate or linear leaves and collected in apical inflorescences or single axillary flowers with a variety of colors. The flowers consist of a tubular corolla with two lip-shaped limbs. The lower limb has two lobes, and the upper limb has four lobes . After flowering on a bush fruits are formed in the form of boxes containing a large number of elongated, black seeds. They retain germination for two years.
Nemesia is loved by gardeners for its unusual, multi-colored buds, of which so many can be formed during flowering that the stems of the plant bend under their weight.
Types and varieties with photos
There are a large number of varieties of nemesia, with which you can decorate not only flower beds in the garden, but also terraces and balconies.
Nemesia goiter
annual plant up to forty centimeters high, it is distinguished by linear upper and oval lower cubs. The swollen, irregularly shaped flowers reach twenty-five centimeters in diameter. They don't have spurs, and the pubescent throat can be yellow, orange, pink or red. The most common varieties:
Nemesia variegated
A plant with thin, highly branched stems up to twenty-five centimeters long. Small buds form and bloom on the bush, the color of which can be bright blue with a yellow or white center, or resemble the color of forget-me-not flowers.
Nemesia azure
Perennial, which in the middle zone is grown as an annual. On a bush up to forty centimeters high in June, large flowers bloom in white, pink, blue or of blue color. Flowering lasts three months. Most popular variety This species is Nemesia Poetri. Its feature is yellow center on flowers of any color.
Nemesia hybrid
The plants combined all the hybrids obtained from multi-colored and goiter-like species. Annuals can be thirty to forty centimeters tall. They have almost lanceolate elongated leaves and large flowers of irregular shape, which bloom on racemose apical inflorescences.
Hybrids are sold in variety mixtures, among which we can note:
Nemesia floriferous
A species rarely found in culture, which is distinguished by its height of up to forty centimeters and small, delicate flowers pale blue.
Nemesia ampelous or Sansatia
Today there are only eight varieties of ampelous nemesia, which are obtained by crossing annual and perennial species plants. Varieties with erect peduncles:
- Peach;
- Blackberry;
- Mango.
Ampel varieties:
- Cranberry;
- A pineapple;
- Banana;
- Coconut;
- Lemon.
The plant received this name because that the color of their flowers resembles exotic fruits.
Growing nemesia from seeds
The plant has fragile roots, so it is most often grown from seeds. Sowing is carried out in March, for which moisture-intensive loose soil and seedling containers are prepared. Small seeds are distributed on the surface of moist soil and sprayed with water from a spray bottle. Seedling boxes covered with film or glass and placed in a bright place with an air temperature within +20 degrees . Caring for them at home consists of daily ventilation of crops and moistening the soil if necessary.
When the shoots appear, they are placed in a well-lit place where direct sunlight does not reach Sun rays. To prevent the seedlings from stretching, they are placed in a closed loggia or other room with an air temperature of about +10 degrees. When growing seedlings, you must ensure that the soil does not dry out. After watering, it should be carefully loosened.
Seven days after the seedlings appear, they are fed with low-concentrated complex fertilizers. When two or three true leaves appear on the plants, picking is carried out. To do this, each bush is transplanted into a separate pot or disposable cup. Planted nemesia should be grown at an air temperature within +13 degrees.
Two weeks before planting the plants in the garden, the seedlings begin to be hardened, for which they are taken out to Fresh air.
Nemesia grown from seeds can be grown at home. To do this, seedlings with two true leaves are planted in pots or special boxes and placed on a terrace, veranda or balloon.
Planting in open ground
When the threat of frost has passed and the temperature reaches above zero even at night, the plants can be planted in flower beds in open ground. For nemesia, choose a sunny, ventilated area with slightly acidic or neutral soil of average fertility. It should be moist and well drained.
Holes for planting nemesia are made with a distance of twenty to thirty centimeters from each other. It all depends on the variety and size of the bush. The depth of the hole should be such that the entire root system, along with a lump of earth, can fit into it. The bush placed in the hole is sprinkled with soil and watered. To prevent moisture from quickly evaporating and weeds from growing, the soil around the plantings is sprinkled with mulch. Nemesia grown from seeds in open ground will bloom at the end of June.
Features of care
The plant is unpretentious, therefore does not require special care:
- Regular watering should be done throughout the season. It is especially important to monitor soil moisture in hot, dry weather.
- After watering, the soil around the bushes is freed from weeds and loosened. Everything must be done carefully, since nemesia has fragile roots.
- During the period of budding and flowering, plants are fed with complex fertilizers for flowering plants, which should contain potassium and nitrogen. You can use Kemira Lux mineral fertilizer. But fertilizing should be done no more than once a month.
- In order for new buds to form faster, faded flowers must be removed immediately during flowering.
- If nemesia has faded in mid-summer, then you need to trim the shoots. This procedure stimulates the formation and growth of new shoots, on which flowers will soon appear and bloom.
Diseases and pests of nemesia
Unfavourable conditions growth and errors in care can lead to plant damage by diseases and
In hot and dry weather, spider mites can settle on the plant, feeding on the sap of the leaves. As a result, the leaves turn yellow, dry out and fly off. Detect spider mites possible by dark, very small dots on back side leaves and sticky webs on stems and foliage. The destruction of the pest is carried out by spraying the bushes with Fitoverm, Karate, Actellik, Akarin or any other acaricide.
Since nemesia loves moist soil, it is often affected by fungal diseases. To eliminate this possibility, plantings are watered only after the top layer of soil has dried. If, nevertheless, some kind of fungal disease, it should be treated with fungicides.
An easy-to-care flower nemesia with its unusual and colorful flowers can revive and decorate any part of the garden. It can be planted not only in flower beds, but also on lawns, near borders, along sidewalk paths, on the alpine roller coaster.
Nemesia flower
