GCD for acquaintance with the natural world
"These Amazing Insects" (senior group).
Goals: introduce children to the diverse world of insects; develop attention, memory, imagination; cultivate interest in the diversity of the surrounding world, in the desire to preserve its diversity.
GCD move
1. Introductory word from the teacher.
Guess the riddle:
In the morning the butterfly woke up, Two - gracefully circled
She smiled, stretched, Three - bent down and sat down,
Once she washed herself with dew, Four times she flew away.
Which group does the butterfly belong to? (To insects)
Think and say what or who we will talk about today.
Yes, today we will consolidate knowledge about insects. Insects are the largest group of living creatures. Zoologists know more than 1 million species of insects, and thousands of new ones are discovered every year.
2.Introduction to various insects.
Sit back and let us begin our journey with you. Imagine that we find ourselves in a green meadow. Who did we meet first? Listen to the poem.
The flower is fragrant. All four petals.
A flying flower sat down, I wanted to pick it, -
They moved around the flower. It fluttered up and flew away!
What kind of insect is this? (Butterfly)
Look at the butterfly in the picture. What are butterfly wings compared to? (With flower)
What wings does a butterfly have? (Bright, airy, light, large)
How many wings does a butterfly have? (Four)
After listening and completing the exercise, you will find out who came to visit the butterfly.
On the lawn, on the daisy I don’t want to hold in my hands -
Summer beetle in a colored shirt. Let him fly among the daisies
Zhu-zhu-zhu, zhu-zhu-zhu, (Children show)
I'm friends with daisies. Oh, my beetle fell, fell (bend over)
I sway quietly in the wind, my nose is dirty with dust.
I bend low, low. The green beetle flew away
I found myself a bug and flew away on wings
On a big daisy (Children wave their hands)
What insect is this poem about?
Look at the beetle in the picture. How many legs does a beetle have? (Six)
Guess the riddle:
Housewife
Flew over the lawn
Will fuss over the flower -
Look at the bee in the picture. Does a bee have wings? Which? How many legs does she have? Do the math.
Guys, why can these insects fly? What they have? (Wings)
Our journey continues with flower meadow we moved onto a spacious grassy lawn.
We meet a new insect.
Who is shown in the picture? (Spider)
This spider is walking on the grass, but where else can you find spiders and large spiders?
Where do they live, what kind of house do they have? (In the web)
Do spiders fly? Why not?
This is a crawling insect.
Guess another riddle:
There was a large pine tree growing on the lawn,
And work was in full swing under the pine tree:
Without a job, for the life of me
can't live (sparrow)
In the forest near the stump there is running and bustling:
The working people are busy all day.
Look at the ants in the picture, why do they run fast, what do they have? (There are many legs)
Do they have wings?
Can they fly? (No)
Someone suddenly jumped up to us on the green lawn:
A violinist lives in a meadow,
He wears a tailcoat and walks at a gallop.
Guess who this violinist is? (This is a grasshopper.)
Look at the grasshopper in the picture. How many legs does a grasshopper have? What are they? (Long)
How do grasshoppers jump?
Raise your shoulders, let's listen to the silence.
Jump, grasshoppers, hush, hush, high,
Jump-jump, jump-jump, Jump on your toes easily
Sit down and eat some grass, (You have to push off with one
foot and land softly on the other)
Guys, butterflies, bees, May beetles, ants, spiders, grasshoppers are insects.
Draw on the cards the body parts of insects with which they move. (Give an image of insects: flies - without a wing, beetles - without a leg, dragonflies - without a wing, etc.)
How do ants and spiders move? (They're crawling)
How do flies, butterflies, and dragonflies move? (They fly)
How do grasshoppers move? (They jump)
Guess the following riddles and tell us how this insect moves.
I took the name from the blacksmith, the color from the cucumber,
The wings of a midge, the legs of a flea. (Grasshopper)
All four petals of the flower were moving.
I wanted to pick it, it took off and flew away. (Butterfly)
He is small in stature, but hard-working and a true hunter.
He assembles a house from pine needles and saves the forest from caterpillars. (Ant)
Look at the picture and name the insects that fly (crawl, jump).
Well done! We completed the task!
Reflection.
What new things have you learned about insects?
Is it possible to kill insects? Why?
What benefits do ants, beetles, bees... bring?
Science currently knows about 1 million species of insects, and, according to experts, the total number of species reaches 10 million. Every year from 3 to 10 thousand new species are described. Most discoveries are made in tropical regions that are poorly studied and richest in insects, however, there are enough “white spots” in Siberia, and the list of Siberian insect species is replenished every year. Thus, insects are the largest group of organisms currently living on Earth. There are more of them than other animals and plants combined.
Insects are divided into 32 orders, of which the most numerous are beetles (Coleoptera), belonging to 125 families, including 500,000 species. In fact, every fourth of all animals is a beetle.
The distribution of insects is very uneven. For example, approximately 40 thousand species live in India, and only about 450 species live in Greenland. Insects are found in the polar zones of the Arctic and Antarctic, which are active on short term polar summer.
The oldest insects
Rhyniella procursor was found in Tayside, Scotland, with an estimated age of 370,000,000 years; Sphecomyrma freyi (1967), found in New Jersey, USA, estimated to be 110,000,000 years old; Archeolepis (1985, moth), found on the Dorset coast, England, estimated to be 180,000,000 years old.
Insects are the first living creatures,
which appeared on Earth more than 400 million years ago. Since then, they have survived five massive disasters and have proven to be more resilient than tyrannosaurs.
Number of insects
The estimated number of insect species, according to various estimates, ranges from 3 to 30 million species. There are approximately 250 million insects for every person on Earth. Scientists estimate that there are another 5-10 million species unknown to science.
Insects underfoot
On the planet, more than 26 billion insects live in every square mile of inhabited areas. In a mixed forest, there are from 500 to 6000 individuals of various insects per 1 sq. km of area. The biomass of insects per 1 hectare of forest is 100-200 kg. In the steppe, 2 million insects of 340 species live on 1 hectare of area, and on the same area of a wheat field there are already 3.5 million, but only 142 species.
The number of insects that gather in large clusters
It's simply amazing. In 1943, Professor Salt established that an acre of arable land in Great Britain contained over 1,000,000,000 arthropods (Arthropods), of which 400,000,000 were insects and 666,000,000 were mites, the remaining 38,000,000 were millipedes (Myriapoda, in including Centipeda and Millipeda). One scientist believed that on one square meter arable land in Iowa 100,000,000 Springtails. In Africa, Orthoptera insects (namely the locust Schistocerca gregaria) gather in flocks of 28,000,000,000 individuals. While one locust weighs 2.5 g, the entire swarm weighs 70,000 tons.
Ant colonies are home to about 50 members, but the famous supercolony of the Japanese ant Formica yessensis, which is located on the coast of one of the Japanese islands, has 1,080,000 queens and 306,000,000 worker ants living in 45,000 interconnected anthills.
According to scientists, 30% of the biomass that makes up all the animals in the Amazon basin is ants. Other researchers estimate that ants make up 10% of the biomass worldwide, with termites accounting for the other 10%. Thus, these insects account for 20% of the biomass on the planet.
Where do insects live?
The ancestors of insects were already terrestrial organisms, which is why there are no inhabitants of seas and oceans among them. The water bug - the sea water strider (Halobates) - is perhaps the only insect currently known to live in the sea.
IN coastal waters Larvae of flies (Diptera) and beetles (Coleoptera) live near rocky shores.
Ephydra flies colonize the most unusual habitats - the larva of Ephydra hyans lives in Mono Lake (California), which has the same salinity as Dead Sea. Psilopa larvae live in oil pools, Scatella thermarum larvae and adults are found in Iceland during short summer. Adult insects Scatella thermarum live on the surface of masses of plankton that drift across the world's oceans, larvae live in the lower layer of plankton and in the water nearby, and can exist at a water temperature of +480C. People are like that hot water can't stand it.
Widest habitat
American white butterfly Hyphantria cunea, a member of the bear family, is the pest of all insects and has the widest range of habitats. Its caterpillar feeds on 636 species of plants that grow in different parts of the world globe. It is inferior to the gypsy moth butterfly and the Japanese beetle. The gypsy moth butterfly feeds on plants whose parts contain tannin.
Insect color vision
Insects enjoy the diversity of colors on the planet. They have color vision - very rare in the animal world.
Blood is white
Adult insects have tracheal breathing, and their hemolymph is colorless, as it carries gases. True, some mosquito larvae have bright red blood due to hemoglobin.
Upper limit of hearing in insects
Daytime peacock eye caterpillar 1,000 Hz Grasshopper 90,000 Hz.
Insects are carnivorous
About a third of all insects are carnivores, and most hunt for food rather than feed on carrion and waste.
Records of the world of insects
One of the reasons species diversity insects - their small size. The most common sizes of insects are from 3 to 20 mm. The smallest, such as beetles, do not exceed 0.2 mm, which is not much larger than a slipper ciliate. However, in the world of insects there are also real giants.
Title the most massive insect belongs to the Actaeon beetle (Megasoma acteon) from South America, the males of which have a body 9 cm long and 5 cm wide with a thickness of 4 The largest insect - the true weta (Deinacrida heteracantha) - lives in New Zealand. Its weight is up to 80 g, the size is the size of a mouse. The world's largest beetle is a rare insect from South America, the lumberjack titan, 160 mm, sometimes reaching 220 mm in length (not counting the antennae). The Hercules beetle Dynastes hercules also reaches a length of 16 cm, but is inferior to the woodcutter in weight.
The longest insects- tropical stick insects belonging to the order of ghosts - (Plasmodea) - have a length of up to 33 cm. The female stick insect Pharnacia kirbyi may have a body over 36 cm long. This stick insect lives in the rain forests of. Kalimantan (Borneo). Some butterflies have a wingspan of 32 cm and cover an area of over 300 sq. km. They can be considered the largest insects.
And although the giants of the insect world live in the tropics, in our country there are also large insects: swallowtail butterflies, some peacock eyes And cocoon worms, ground beetles from the genus Carabus, swimmers(Dytiscus), some barbel(black fir, aspen creaking, etc.), May beetle, large pine borer, rocker dragonflies, grasshoppers, broad-winged rattlefish.
The smallest insect
Record holders for the number of wing flaps
Tiny stinging insects biting midges, flap their wings at an incredible speed of 62,760 times per minute.
Insect Abilities
Insects are perfectly adapted to living on land. Their bodies cope well with one of the main problems of living in a terrestrial environment - protection from drying out, which is achieved by several degrees of protection and saving moisture. First of all, this is the presence of the epicuticle, a thin wax-like film on the surface of the integument, which prevents the evaporation of water. Air exchange is carried out very economically: tracheal breathing is more efficient than pulmonary breathing and conserves moisture, since the respiratory openings (spiracles) are very small in size and can be closed. In the Malpighian vessels, which make up the excretory system of insects, uric acid crystals are produced, which bind a minimal amount of water. Moreover, in the hindgut of insects there are special rectal glands that suck water from the formed excrement and return it to the body cavity. And finally, the eggs of many insects are also well protected from moisture loss.
Smell and vision
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In the sexual behavior of insects main role the sense of smell plays. For example, a male silkworm(Bombyx mori) flies from afar to the scent of a female, but does not react at all to the female herself, who is nearby under a glass cover. But in the lives of some species, vision is more important. So, for example, a male firefly (Photinus) in flight sends flashes of light into space every 5-6 seconds, and a wingless female sends responses light signals, indicating your location. In general, the eyes of insects receive a clear image of an object from a distance of 10 cm, but react to other people’s movements from 2 m.
How do insects breathe?
Insects do not have lungs, and their body is supplied with oxygen through microscopic pores in the chitinous shell. The chitinous shell is a kind of distributed lung. The breathing of insects resembles the breathing of mammals; their tracheal tubes quickly compress and unclench, providing a 50% renewal of oxygen within one second (this is, for example, the indicator of a person performing physical exercise medium intensity).
Jumping Champion
Six-millimeter penny cicada (Philaenus spumarius) can jump to a height of 20 centimeters, which in human equivalent is 210 meters. The athletic abilities of this insect are unparalleled. The powerful, muscular limbs of cicadas act on the principle of a catapult - they straighten out at a speed of four thousand meters per second and send the beetle high up. Their jump is higher than that of a flea, and they also accelerate their much heavier body four times faster.
Best runner
American cockroaches (Periplaneta americana)- large (almost four centimeters long) red creatures are the fastest runners of all land insects. In 1991, a world record was set: a representative of Periplaneta americana reached a speed of 5.4 km/h or 50 cockroach body lengths per second! But his uniqueness is by no means limited to his sprinting abilities.
Flight speed
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Among all invertebrates, only insects have wings and have mastered the air. Flight is an efficient and economical means of transportation. The ability of insects to disperse is impressive. Migrations are especially well known migratory locust described in the Bible. Locusts easily cross the Mediterranean Sea, and swarms of flying locusts have been observed from ships a thousand kilometers from the coast.
There is reliable data regarding the flight speed of locusts Schistocerca gregaria- 33 km/h and bollworm Helicoverpa zea - 28 km/h. Many insects fly faster, but there is no verified data on them. The highest speed is in the upsilon moth Agrotis ipsilon, which can reach 97 and even 113 km/h. The flight speed of an insect depends on its mass, air temperature, humidity, solar radiation, wind speed, oxygen saturation of the air, flight angle and even habitat isolation.
Flight speed of some insects: km/h
Hornet - 25.2
Bee - 22.4
Horsefly - 22.4
Locust - 16
Carrion fly - 11
Wasp - 9
Khrushch - 9
Cabbage - 9
Housefly - 6.4
Malaria mosquito - 3.2
Bumblebee - 3
One-day event - 1.8
Grasshopper - 1.8
Reproduction intensity
The shorter the life of an insect, the faster it becomes sexually mature and bears offspring, the faster it adapts to changes in the natural environment, including insecticides. The intensity of reproduction depends on two factors: environmental temperature and food abundance. The highest intensity of reproduction in homoptera is in aphids. Rhopalosiphum prunifolia a generation can be produced in 4.7 days at a temperature of 25 C. Other aphids, scale insects and leafhoppers also reproduce at a high rate. (Aphidina and Cicadina), related to Homoptera
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Breeding Champion
One aphid (Hyalopterus) over the summer it produces 12 parthenogenetic generations of 50 individuals each. The biological potential of aphids is 5015 individuals. With an unlimited amount of food and the absence of predators, the mass of descendants of one cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae) in one year could amount to 822 million tons, which is three times the mass of the entire human population of the globe. The mass of the offspring of one aphid will be comparable to the mass of 3 billion people.
Two penises, one spare
The male earwig has two penises, each longer than the earwig itself. These organs are very fragile and break easily, which is why the insect is born with a spare one.
Butterfly's plume
The luxurious plume of the male Saturnia butterfly serves to capture odorous pheromone molecules.
Born only after 17 years
The breeding cycle of the seventeen-year cicada living in the southern United States is unusual. From the eggs laid by the female on plants, larvae emerge, which burrow into the soil and live there, feeding on plant roots, for 17 years. And only then the cicadas, resulting from the larvae, come out in masses and begin to reproduce. So for this species, the breeding season occurs once every 17 years.
The smallest eggs
Insect cloned
Ability to tolerate dehydration
As a result of laboratory tests, it was found that African insect chironomid Polypedilum vanderplanki(Diptera) can tolerate dehydrogenation in liquid helium at -270 C. Chironomid caterpillars, Polypedilum vanderplanki Hinton, breed in shallow pools in the rocky mountains of Northern Nigeria and Uganda, exposed to the sun. These insects survive when their puddles dry up. The insect Polypedilum vanderplanki is the only species that is adapted to survive when the body dries out, as a result of which it retains less than 3% of the fluid in the body. Some organs in insects can also suffer severe dehydration.
The most bloodthirsty insect
This tiny insect is an aquatic beetle. It is found in Central and Southern Europe, especially at the confluence of rivers with the Danube, in lakes, canals and swamps of the Balkans. Thanks to its aerodynamic body shape and oar-like legs, it is considered an excellent swimmer. The aquatic organisms it attacks range from plankton, all types of small aquatic animals and worms to large fish, - become its inevitable victims.
But the beetle larva is even more bloodthirsty. She has no mouth, but she does have two unusual jaws protruding from her flattened head. In essence, these are the joints of the open claws with which the larva grabs its prey. But this is also the most amazing tool created by nature - forceps, which are equipped with double tubes of injection syringes. Syringes that simultaneously serve to inject a poisonous injection and suck out the contents of the victim.
The larva rushes at the victim and sprays a poisonous composition from its stomach through its claws. The poison kills the victim and the larva, through the same claws, internally absorbs the contents of its prey, otherwise it is digested under the influence of gastric poison. All that remains of the victim is the outer shell, which sinks to the bottom.
Longest diapause
The butterfly yucca moth (Lepidoptera: Prodoxidae) has the longest diapause. Adult Yucca baccata (Agavaceae) insects from Nevada emerged from larvae after 19 years, during which time they were monitored in the laboratory.
Super-acute hearing
Ormia's hearing is truly rare: the insect determines the direction of sound with an accuracy of two degrees. A person trying to determine who is speaking in a crowded room won't do any better. The reason is the design of the ormia's ears. The ear that is closer to the sound source responds faster than the other. But due to the fact that the distance between the eardrums is so small, because the size of the head is only half a millimeter, they begin to vibrate in antiphase. Nervous system instantly calculates the pressure difference between them and signals the muscles to react to the sound source. Everything takes about 50 nanoseconds, but in humans it’s a thousand times longer.
Adaptability
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In general, insects adapt well to a new environment, much better than warm-blooded animals. Radiation and environmental pollution can lead to mutations in insects, but the likelihood of genetic changes is negligible.
Basement behavior mosquitoes no longer fits into the usual framework for science. Several key features in their lifestyle have changed. Firstly, the capital's mosquito has acquired the ability to live in dirty water. Secondly, to mate, he no longer has to swarm (in nature, mosquitoes form a swarm, where males and females mate, but in basements there is not enough space for this). Finally, female mosquitoes have learned to lay eggs without feeding on blood. The mosquito, having passed the larval-pupa stage, can already give birth to offspring.
Wing vibrations
Insects have different wings, and they vibrate at different frequencies. So, for example, a fly makes 330-350 strokes per second; bee - 300 when it flies with honey, and 440 when it flies without cargo; bumblebees flap their wings 190-240 times per second, and mosquitoes - 500-600 (some species even 1000 times); wasps - 250; horseflies - 100; dragonflies - 40-100; ladybug- 75; cockchafer - 45; moths - 35-40; locust - 20.
Shortest mating behavior
Honey bee Apis mellifera mates on the fly, the female rises into the air, the males rush after her, together they resemble a comet and its tail. The right to mate belongs to the winner who catches up with her, but he pays with his life: mating occurs so quickly that after mating the male does not have time to remove his phallus, and it remains in the body of the uterus, the male dies.
New insect order Mantophosmatodea discovered
A new order of insects has been found in the mountains of Namibia. This is the first discovery of its kind in 80 years. Mantophosmatodea is the 31st known insect order. Two of its representatives, which fell into the hands of researchers, are about 2 cm long and resemble a hybrid of a cricket and a stick insect. Judging by the structure of the mouthparts and the remains of food in the stomach, they are predators that eat other insects. Mantophosmatodea were first described by Oliver Zompro, a graduate student at the Max Planck Institute for Limnology, who discovered the fossilized remains of these insects in pieces of Baltic amber. The age of the find is about 45 million years. Then the existence of living representatives of this order in the Brandberg mountain range in western Namibia was announced by employees of the National Museum of this country from Windhoek. An international expedition confirmed the information.
Insect cloned
Canadians were the first to clone an insect. It became fruit fly(drosophila). Previous attempts to clone insects have ended in failure. Nuclei extracted from embryonic cells were used. Embryonic cells, unlike adult ones, are much easier to “reprogram”, which significantly increases the chances of success. However, out of 800 attempts to clone Drosophila made by researchers, desired result was achieved in only five.
On average, a person eats 70 insects in a lifetime.
Lifespan of insects
One-day-old (adult) has average duration life 1-3 days, maximum record 20 days. Among domestic bees, the queen lives for 3 years, with a maximum of 5 years. But a worker bee lives 40 days in summer and 9 months in winter. The ant lives 5-7 days. Maximum term his life is 18 days.
What insects do people eat?
Grasshoppers and locusts
Insects are food rich in protein, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals. They are considered a delicacy in Thailand, where fried crickets and locusts are popular.
Witchetti larvae
Best eaten alive. Ten large larvae provide the adult with all the proteins, carbohydrates and fats. The Aborigines prepare wood larvae "witchetti" by rolling them in hot ashes. This way they taste like an omelette.
Natalia Esina
"These amazing insects." Lesson notes for the senior group
"These amazing insects» .
Target: Enrich children's knowledge about a diverse world insects, develop emotional responsiveness and empathy.
Tasks:
- Educational: To cultivate interest in the diversity of the surrounding world, the desire to preserve its diversity, a sense of empathy for all living things;
- Developmental: Develop attention, memory, imagination, ear for music. Continue to improve your skills in working with plasticine and paints. Develop creative imagination and aesthetic perception;
- Educational: Systematize children’s knowledge about a diverse world insects.
Planned results:
Able to carry on a conversation insects, expresses his point of view;
Expresses his emotions during a musical game "Spider";
Shows interest in productive activities (sculpting, drawing).
Basic methods and techniques training: Literary word (poems, riddles, conversation, dynamic pauses(physical minutes, problematic situation, productive activity (modeling, drawing).
Organization of children: Group.
Individual work: with Egor Sh., Indira G. – consolidate the skills of symmetrical drawing in compliance with proportions.
Materials and equipment: Toys insects(butterflies, bees, chafer, spider, ants, grasshopper, green fabric, paper flowers, plasticine, waste material(acorns, branches, etc., album sheets according to the number of children, paints, modeling boards, illustrations of butterflies.
Musical accompaniment:
Music game "Spider".
Working with parents:
Family reading about insects, looking at illustrations and insects in nature.
NODE STRUCTURE
Organizational moment Guys, today we will go on an unusual trip to a green meadow, we will remember Interesting Facts about life insects. So, let's hit the road!
Conversation about insects
Making riddles
Children's reports about butterflies
Children's reports about beetles
Children's reports about bees
Children's reports about spiders Insects- the most numerous group of living beings. Zoologists know more than 1 million species insects.
A flying flower sat on a fragrant flower,
All four petals of the flower moved.
I wanted to pick it, but it took off and flew away! (butterfly)
What is this insect?
What are butterfly wings compared to?
How many wings does a butterfly have and what kind? (children's reports about butterflies)
Who came to visit the butterfly?
On the lawn, on the chamomile
The beetle was flying wearing a colored shirt.
Zhu-zhu-zhu, zhu-zhu-zhu,
I'm friends with daisies
I sway quietly in the wind,
I bend low, low! (bug)
How many legs are there, are there wings, how are cockchafers harmful when they appear? (children's reports about beetles)
Listen to the next riddle:
The housewife flew over the lawn,
He will fuss over the flower and share the honey! (bee)
What do they look like, do they have wings, what kind, how many, where does they live, how does they collect pollen, what are bees called? (children's reports about bees)
Our journey continues, with the residents flower meadow we say goodbye and head out onto the spacious grassy lawn! Listen to the next one riddle:
He prepares his nets like a fisherman,
But he never catches fish! (spider)
Where does a spider live, what kind of house does it have, what does it look like, what and how does it eat, how does it move? (children's reports about spiders)
Dynamic music break Music game "Spider"
Conversation about insects
Making riddles
Children's reports about the grasshopper We return to the green lawn, someone suddenly jumped up to us!
A violinist lives in the meadow,
He wears a tailcoat and walks at a gallop! (grasshopper)
Who is this violinist, how many legs does the grasshopper have, what are they like, where are the grasshopper’s ears, how do grasshoppers sing, what do they eat? (children's reports about the grasshopper)
Raise your shoulders, jump grasshoppers,
Jump-jump, jump-jump,
We sat down to eat grass, listen to the silence,
Hush, hush, high, jump on your toes easily!
Modeling Demonstration of a dummy ant.
He lost all his brothers, he ran along the track,
Now he wants to go home, his legs are tired!
Don’t worry, little ant, we’ll take you home, and our friends, the little ants, will help you! Guys, let's make friends for the ant! First we will make the head, take plasticine and divide it into 2 parts. Let's roll 2 balls, make a head from one, attach antennae, and make eyes. The second ball will be the belly. Now we connect the abdomen and the acorn, we get a body. We will make the paws from twigs. Get started!
Well done, let's take the ants home.
Where do ants live?
What good thing have we done with you?
Dynamic pause
"Who moves how"- And it’s time for you and me to return home. Let's stand in a circle and let's say: “One, two, three - spin around, back in find yourself in the group!» .
Guys, butterflies, bees, beetles, spiders, ants, grasshoppers - who are they all? (insects)
A game "Who moves how".
Drawing - Which is the brightest and most beautiful insect you know? (butterfly)
Now draw the most beautiful and unusual butterflies. Trace the outline of the butterfly, then draw a symmetrical pattern!
Problematic situation Guys, is everything okay? insects are beneficial? Are they needed in nature? insects"pests"?
Main conclusion: All insects are important to nature, there are no unnecessary or useless ones. All living things must live.
Artistic word Moths fly in the forest, boogers and beetles crawl.
Nature - mother gave them life!
You see them on the way - don’t offend them, but move away!
Without insect forest, My friend,
And lonely and empty!
Reflection Looking at the drawings. What new did we learn today?
Your butterflies have made the world brighter and more beautiful, and more spring-like!
There are many more insects on the planet than all other animal species. They were around long before dinosaurs and some of them have every chance of outliving humans. Insects are surprisingly flexible and able to adapt to the most unexpected conditions. Even today scientists are not sure. What all types of insects were described and accurately identified life cycle. It is the most interesting insects – familiar and not so familiar – that became the subject of our article.
1. Dragonflies fly the fastest among insects, reaching an insane speed of 57 km/h.
2. There are interesting beetles - bombardiers. He developed a unique defense mechanism. The beetle shoots a stream of chemicals at the enemy that heat up to 100C. The shot is also so loud that the beetle fully lives up to its name.
3. It is difficult to imagine the development of entire regions without dung beetles. They consume manure and process it. There are beetles that specialize in a certain type of dung. In some regions, these bugs account for up to 80% of cattle manure processing. Scientists say that pastures exist only thanks to dung beetles. They also inhibit the development of flies that lay eggs in manure. The beetles damage the larvae during their activity and prevent the flies from multiplying too much.
4. The most powerful organic toxin is the caterpillar of the Lonomia butterfly. She lives in the forests of South America, but sometimes the 7-centimeter caterpillar wanders into residential areas. A light touch on the caterpillar is enough to cause severe burning and bleeding in the affected area over time. Lada may develop stomach bleeding or renal failure. In total, lonomia accounts for 1.7% of deaths, while rattlesnakes account for 1.8%. But it should be noted that the lonomy releases only 0.001 of the volume of venom injected by the snake. It is clear then how much more toxic the poison of the small caterpillar is.
5. Bullet ants attack enemies from trees. Their sharp sting (for which Paraponera clavata gets its name) is strong and sharp, penetrating the toughest surfaces. Just 10-20 bites can kill a person, and these ants also scream...
6. The New Zealand giant weta weighs the most of all insects on Earth - up to 71 grams!
7. It is believed that flies, ordinary house flies, do not fly far from their breeding sites. But scientists have found that thanks to the action of the wind, these insects are able to travel up to 45 km.
8. To the largest moth– Attacus Altas even hunt with bows and arrows. In flight, it resembles a bird with an elegant wingspan of up to 30 cm.
9. Crickets' ears have an unusual location - on the front legs. In addition, crickets make it easy to find out the current air temperature. The temperature is calculated using the following formula (number of chirps per minute/2+9)/2.
10. Cicadas, relatives of crickets, hold the record for the loudest sounds produced. But the most interesting thing is. that only male cicadas make sounds; their females are mute.
We live in a world filled with a variety of insects. It would seem that we know enough about them, but there are facts that can surprise the average person. Below are some unique ones from the world of insects.
1. The largest butterfly in the world looks more like a bird. Attacus Atlas is not only incredibly beautiful, but also truly huge. The wingspan of this insect is almost thirty centimeters. Take the time to find pictures and photographs of this amazing creature to see it in person.
2. Such ordinary and familiar flies to us are in fact real masters of aerobatics. In addition to the fact that they are able to perfectly dodge newspapers and fly swatters, flies can develop high speed during flight: horse flies up to 22 km/h, carrion flies up to 11 km/h and housefly up to 6 km/h.
3. Fleas, familiar to almost every pet owner, are capable of jumping not very long distances. Studies have shown that their jump can be 33 centimeters. If we draw analogies with a person, then people could cover a distance of 213 meters in one jump.
4. A swarm of locusts can have up to fifty billion individuals. This huge family is a real horror for farmers, because each member of the flock eats a volume of food per day - equal to its weight. The total amount of crops eaten in one day is four times the amount of food consumed by New Yorkers over the same period of time.
5. Honey bees They don't really buzz. The sound that people hear is the rubbing of their wings. In one minute, the insect makes approximately 11,400 strokes, which is why the resonance turns into a single hum.
6. Several years ago, between Thailand and Malaysia, researchers were able to catch a unique grasshopper. Its length was more than twenty-five centimeters, and its jump was almost 5 meters in length.
7. Bee venom is a real acid, and wasp venom is an alkali.
8. An ordinary domestic cockroach can live without a head for another 2 weeks. He dies not from injury, but from hunger.
9. Snake bites are committed approximately as often as bee attacks. But the mortality rate from the latter is much higher.
10. If you weigh the insects that spiders eat in a year, it will exceed the weight of all people living on the planet.
11. The speed of a dragonfly in flight is up to fifty km/hour. This is the fastest insect.
12. In nature, ants do not live more than a year. While in the laboratory, males of this insect can live up to 7, and females up to 20 years.
13. Such crickets, familiar to all inhabitants of the planet, actually have a very unusual body structure. The ears of insects are located on the forelimbs, and body temperature is calculated using a certain formula: you need to count the number of chirps per minute, divide the resulting value by two, add nine and divide again. You will get an accurate body temperature.
14. Pretty unusual insect lives on the territory Namib Desert. A spider called Carparachneaureoflava digs deep ditches on the slopes of sand dunes. It is along them that he slides down. Thus, the insect protects itself from its main enemies - wasps.
15. In Africa, indigenous people have been using ants of the Dorylus subspecies for many years medicinal purposes. The bite of this insect provokes compression skin, so the wounds tighten literally before our eyes.
16.B Central Africa lives amazing beetle Lantern. Its second name is alligator. And it is not accidental, because the shape of the insect’s head is very similar to this animal.
17. There is unique look spiders called Gladiators. They don't just weave a web and wait for the victim to fall into it. Insects hold the ends of the net in their front legs. When they find a victim, spiders quickly throw a web over it.
These are the amazing insects that surround humans! You can find even more interesting and informative articles at