Ring Moscow Ring Road. Moscow ring road. length of the Moscow Ring Road and its history

Story

MKAD in the Yasenev area

Construction of the road began at the end of the city near the Yaroslavl highway. The first section was open to traffic in the city. Traffic along the entire ring was open in the city. The ring consisted of 2 roads (two lanes in each direction) 7 meters wide, separated by a 4-meter dividing strip. The edge of the road was lined with corrugated slabs. Two bridges were built along the route across the Moscow River:

• Besedinsky Bridge, 1960, engineer. R. M. Galperin, architect. G. I. Korneev (in the area of ​​Kapotnya and the village of Besedy)
• Spassky Bridge, 1962, engineer. V. D. Vasiliev, architect. K. P. Savelyev (in the area of ​​Strogino and the village of Spas).

In total, there were 7 bridges and 54 overpasses on the ring. Initially, the ring road had 33 two-level interchanges with roads leaving Moscow, and in the early 1980s. At the intersection with the Simferopol highway, a three-level building was built. Initially the road did not have asphalt surface. Poured concrete was used. From August 1960 to the beginning, the MKAD right-of-way served as the administrative border of the city of Moscow. In December, the first station of the Moscow Metro outside the Moscow Ring Road was opened - Dmitry Donskoy Boulevard.

MKAD near Strogin

Zero kilometer of the Moscow Ring Road

Reconstruction of the Moscow Ring Road

The reason for rumors of theft was also the fact that the information boards installed on the road were not in the required quantity.

Intersection with Yaroslavl highway

Trunk characteristics

The width of the Moscow Ring Road is 10 lanes; total length - 108.9 km. Mileage on the Moscow Ring Road is counted from the intersection with Entuziastov Highway (where the so-called “zero kilometer” is located) in a clockwise direction.

Despite the fact that the Moscow Ring Road is one of the most modern roads and has the highest capacity in the region, it has not been able to cope with the flow of vehicles for a long time. The so-called “traffic jams” are a daily occurrence on the Moscow Ring Road. The causes of traffic jams are: insufficient capacity of exits from the Moscow Ring Road and the lack of special parking spaces for emergency vehicles; and in winter, in addition, there is slipping of trucks at exits/entrances from/to the Moscow Ring Road.

Public transport

Currently, Moscow urban passenger transport routes (buses) run along different sections of the Moscow Ring Road. The list shows routes that have at least one official stop. Unless otherwise indicated, the route is serviced by the State Unitary Enterprise Mosgortrans.

• On the section of the Moscow Ring Road from Entuziastov Highway to Ketcherskaya Street there is bus route No.
• from Volgogradsky Prospekt to Verkhnie Polya Street - No. 655;
• from Verkhnie Polya Street to the 16th km of the Moscow Ring Road - No. 54 and 655;
• from the 16th km to Kashirskoye Highway - No. 95 and 995;
• from Kashirskoye Highway to Lipetskaya Street - No. 37, 37e, 471;
• from Lipetskaya street to Kulikovskaya street - No. 37, 37e, 39 (Vidnoe), 40 (Vidnoe), 42 (Vidnoe);
• from Kulikovskaya Street to the 37th km of the Moscow Ring Road (exit from Yasenev) - No. 37, 39 (Vidnoe), 40 (Vidnoe), 42 (Vidnoe), 101, 165, 202, 262, 710;
• from the exit from Yasenev to Profsoyuznaya street - No. 37, 37e, 39 (Vidnoe), 40 (Vidnoe), 42 (Vidnoe), 642;
• from Profsoyuznaya Street to Leninsky Prospect - No. 642, 767, 781;
• from Leninsky Prospect to Ozernaya Street - No. 767, 781, 816;
• from Ozernaya Street to Ryabinovaya Street - No. 779, 781, 816;
• from Ryabinovaya Street to Troyekurovsky Proezd - No. 816;
• from Troekurovsky Proezd to Skolkovskoe Highway - No. 612 (only on the inner side of the Moscow Ring Road), 816;
• from Skolkovskoye Highway to Molodogvardeyskaya Street - No. 816;
• from Molodogvardeyskaya Street to 3rd Cherepkovskaya Street - No. 660 (only on the inner side of the Moscow Ring Road), 798, 816;
• from 3rd Cherepkovskaya street to Rublevskoye highway - No. 798, 816;
• from Rublevskoye Highway to Lykovsky Proezd (Khoroshevsky Prospekt) - No. 626, 798;
• from Lykovsky Proezd to Myakininsky Proezd - No. 626 (only on the outer side of the Moscow Ring Road), 798;
• from Myakininsky Proezd to Marshal Katukov Street - No. 631, 640, 736 (only on the outer side of the Moscow Ring Road);
• from Marshal Katukov Street to Volokolamsk Highway - No. 631, 640, 736;
• from Svobody Street to Leningradskoe Highway - No. 173, 199, 472, 817;
• from Leningradskoye Highway to Bibliotechnaya Street - No. 5, 32, 472 (All routes - Khimki/Dolgoprudny);
• from Dmitrovskoe highway to Yaroslavskoe highway - No. 24-25 (Mytishchi), 136;
• from Shchelkovskoe highway to Entuziastov highway - No. 133, .

Sections of the Moscow Ring Road from Ketcherskaya Street (4 km) to Volgogradsky Prospekt (10-11 km), from Volokolamsk Highway (67-68 km) to Svoboda Street (73-74 km), from Leningradskoye Highway (75 km) to Dmitrovskoye Highway (81 -82 km), from Yaroslavskoye Highway (94 km) to Shchelkovskoye Highway (104 km) - Moscow urban passenger transport routes (bus) are not served. Although during the reconstruction of the Moscow Ring Road (in the mid-1990s), it was planned to organize bus traffic along all sections of the Moscow Ring Road.

Notes

Links

Moscow Ring Road (MKAD)

Abbreviations have become a part of our speech since Soviet times. Some of them are known to everyone, some have a meaning known only to a narrow professional circle. Do you know the decoding of the Moscow Ring Road? Let's talk more about this.

Transcript of the Moscow Ring Road

What does this phrase mean? The abbreviation MKAD can be deciphered as follows:

• Moscow Ring Road.
• Minsk ring road.

In our country, the first meaning is more popular.

How to use an abbreviation?

We figured out the decoding of the Moscow Ring Road. But how to use this abbreviation in speech? Is it he, she, it? Moscow (Minsk) is a feminine phenomenon. But does this transfer to letter combinations?

Experts note that previously MKAD was exclusively a feminine abbreviation. However, at present there is a “drift” of the letter combination towards the masculine gender. Linguists advise the following:

• In formal speech, use in the feminine gender. For example: “The Moscow Ring Road was extremely congested on a summer Sunday evening.”
• In colloquial speech, it is more appropriate to use the abbreviation in the masculine gender. For example: “The Moscow Ring Road appeared in the distance.”

Capital Ring Road

MKAD is a ring Moscow federal highway. In the period 1960-1984. coincided with the administrative border of the capital. Hence the popular phrase “There is no life beyond the Moscow Ring Road” - an irony for Muscovites who do not know about life in the provinces, in the rest of Russia. Today, the borders of the actively developing metropolis are far beyond the boundaries of this famous highway and only in some places partially coincide with it.

The main function of the MKAD in Moscow is to relieve congestion on the city's central roads. The need to build such a highway arose in the mid-50s of the last century. It was commissioned in 1962. The total length of the highway is 109 km, with five-lane traffic (in each direction). The permitted speed on the Moscow Ring Road is 100 km/h. The throughput is estimated at 9 thousand cars every hour.

To date, two reconstructions of the road have been carried out - in the 1990s and 2010s. Today there are new plans to modernize the route:

• Construction of backups near large shopping complexes.
• Creation of acceleration and braking lanes in certain areas.
• Construction of "cloverleaf" type interchanges.

“Kilometer Zero” (the starting point) is located at the fork with the Entuziastov Highway. The countdown is clockwise. The route is used not only by personal and cargo transport, but also by public transport. Buses move along different parts of it. These are both city (serviced by Mosgortrans) and Moscow region, intercity flights.

We presented the Moscow Ring Road diagram in the photo. Let us also characterize the road in numbers:

• Total width - 10 stripes.
• Length - 108.9 km.
• The width of each strip is from 3.5 to 3.75 m.
• The average distance of the route from the center of Moscow is 17.5 km.

The Moscow Ring Road in Russia is considered one of the most modern and comfortable highways. But although it has the maximum capacity in the region, unfortunately, it has not been able to cope with the flow of traffic for a long time. One of the most painful characteristics of the highway is traffic jams. Their reasons are different:

• Lack of parking ramps for emergency vehicles.
• Low capacity of exits from the ring road.
• Frequent traffic closures due to government motorcades.
• The proximity of large shopping centers to the Moscow Ring Road - they attract many visitors to the highway, which additionally load the route.
• Ineffective interchanges - "clovers".
• Using the ring road as an interdistrict road, etc.

Minsk Automobile Ring

Another transcript of the MKAD - Minsk Ring Road. Or the M9 highway. This is a route that, like the Moscow one, is oriented towards the administrative border of the capital. Its total length is about 56 km.

The construction of the Belarusian road took place in 1956-1963. Initially, it was classified as category 3 highways - with a total width of 7.5 m, it had one lane in each direction.

The road also went through two reconstructions - in 1980 and 2002. After the last change, the track became first-class. It was expanded to width. There is a 6-lane traffic system. The speed is limited to 90 km/h. The capacity of the Minsk auto ring is estimated at 85 thousand transport units per day.

MKAD is the Moscow and Minsk ring roads. In official speech, the abbreviation is used in the feminine gender; in colloquial speech, the masculine gender is also allowed.

Thursday, September 7, 2017

MKAD is a magical abbreviation known to almost every resident of Russia. Although the borders of Moscow have long spilled far beyond the Moscow Ring Road, the city’s residents still divide themselves into Muscovites and “back-rowers.” The Moscow Ring Road to this day remains the psychological border of the city, the alpha and omega, where Moscow begins and where it ends.

Of course, this was not always the case, and the Moscow Ring Road itself relatively recently celebrated its half-century anniversary.

How it all began, how the road developed over the years and how it is being reconstructed now —>

MKAD prototype

The idea of ​​​​building a bypass ring road around the entire city, far beyond its borders, was born before the war. In 1937, the issue began to be worked out, in 1939 the future route (not always coinciding with the current Moscow Ring Road) was laid out on the area, and in 1940 work on the design assignment for the construction of a new highway was completed, but the outbreak of war canceled these plans.

In 1941, a ring road was built in an emergency, making maximum use of existing roads. It did not coincide with the Moscow Ring Road and was initially laid out as temporary for the rapid transfer of troops. This road greatly contributed to the successful counter-offensive near Moscow.

In the chronicle frame above, you can presumably see exactly this road. It's impossible to say for sure, but she looked something like this.

Birth of the Moscow Ring Road

The first kilometers of a new and at that time very modern road, four-lane, with a hard asphalt surface, began to be built in 1956 in the area of ​​​​the Yaroslavl highway.

Construction of the Moscow Ring Road in the late 1950s

The first section, 48 km long, from the Yaroslavl to Simferopol highways, was opened on November 22, 1960, and the ring was finally closed on November 5, 1962.

There was no lighting, hard dividers, or even markings on the Moscow Ring Road back then. But at the same time, in a country where most of the roads were unpaved, the new paved highway was perceived as something from the future.

The futuristic-looking bus stops matched the new highway:

By the way, it was in 1960, as can be seen in the diagram on the wall of the stop, that the borders of Moscow were officially extended to the Moscow Ring Road, despite the fact that at that time in some places it was many kilometers away from the actual areas of the city. The Moscow region town of Babushkin, the villages of Cheryomushki, Krylatskoye, Maryino and many others officially became districts of the city.

The MKAD was perceived as a suburban bypass highway for at least another ten years

MKAD at the intersection with Rublevskoye Highway, mid-1960s

Interchange between Rublyovka and Moscow Ring Road in the 1960s

The side of the Moscow Ring Road in 1967. Please note: there were no markings, but the sides were lined with relief slabs so that falling asleep drivers deviating from the trajectory would immediately wake up.

The famous chase scenes in the film Beware of the Car (1966) were filmed on the newly built Moscow Ring Road.

Here is the Moscow Ring Road itself without markings, and a gas station, and many other interesting details. We especially recommend watching from the 6th minute. Traffic on the Moscow Ring Road at that time was completely relaxed, and for filming the film there was no need to even block the road.

Even in the 1970s, traffic on the Moscow Ring Road was calm:

Please note that despite the large width of the road, cars quietly drive one after another.

Now approximately in this place there is a huge interchange on M-11

And in this photo from the mid-1970s, cars stopped at the site of the future Crocus Expo parking lot.

ZiL imposingly drives onto the Moscow Ring Road from Volgogradsky Prospekt, 1970.

A special pride of Moscow were the two-level clover interchanges:

In the cartoon “Well, Just Wait!”, Issue 3, 1971, at a similar junction, the wolf tries for a long time and unsuccessfully to catch his motorcycle:

In the 1980s The Moscow Ring Road has remained virtually unchanged; it was still a four-lane road with a small lawn divider:

True, by that time the number of cars in the country and the city had increased sharply, and the Moscow Ring Road, without dividers, fences and lights, was often called the “road of death”

MKAD before the exit to Mozhaiskoye Highway in the early 1980s

Similar signs stood on the Moscow Ring Road until the mid-1990s

In post-Soviet times, there were several times more cars and the highway could no longer cope with the flow. In the mid-1990s, all 109 km of the Moscow Ring Road underwent reconstruction

Reconstruction of the Moscow Ring Road, 1997.

In terms of scale, this reconstruction was comparable only to the construction of the road in the early 1960s: dividers appeared, but, most importantly, the number of lanes increased to 10.

Now the weakest point of the Moscow Ring Road has become the obsolete interchanges with narrow exits on a ten-lane road, the reconstruction of which only got around to the 2010s

In 2011, a program for the reconstruction of 11 transport interchanges was adopted. Let's look only at the most grandiose and interesting of the recently reconstructed ones:

Volgograd Prospect

Dmitrov highway

Mozhaiskoe highway

Kashirskoe highway

This week, on September 6, traffic was opened on a new interchange at the intersection with Profsoyuznaya Street:

Work on this difficult site began in 2015

It’s hard to imagine in the early 1960s everything looked like this:

There was a highway outside the city, and now there is a highway around the metropolis

There will be much less traditional traffic jams on Profsoyuznaya.

The Moscow Ring Road is developing intensively these days, the city is growing, and the expression “Beyond the Moscow Ring Road, Moscow ends” in our time has begun to sound approximately like a hundred years ago, “Moscow ends beyond the Garden Ring.” The center becomes pedestrian, and roads for cars on the outskirts.

History of the creation of the Moscow Ring Road (MKAD).

The project for the construction of the Moscow Ring Road began to be developed for the first time in 1936. In 1939, the road route was mapped out, fixed on the ground and approved by the Economic Council of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR. In 1940, the design assignment for the construction of the Moscow Ring Road was completed, and further work on the Moscow Ring Road was suspended. After graduating from V.O.V. in 1949, design work was resumed. In 1950, the Soyuzdorproekt Institute drew up a technical project for the construction of the Moscow Ring Road. In 1957, its construction began, near the Yaroslavl highway. In 1960, the first eastern part was put into operation, and in 1962 - the western part of the Moscow Ring Road, at which time traffic began on all highways, the total length of which was 108.7 km. The average radius from the city center is 17.35 km. Construction was carried out in accordance with NiTU 128-55 parameters I technical category: width of the roadbed – 24 m; traffic lane width – 3.5 m; number of traffic lanes – 4; width of the dividing strip – 4; width of curbs – 3 m each; clearance of bridges and overpasses – 21 m; the width of sidewalks on overpasses is 1.5 m; the height clearance under the overpasses is 4.5 m (feasibility study of the MKAD Soyuzdorproekt vol. 1, 1996).

The highway consisted of 2 roads (two lanes in each direction) 7 meters wide, separated by a 4-meter dividing strip. The edge of the road was lined with corrugated slabs. Two bridges were built along the route across the Moscow River:

• Besedinsky Bridge, 1960, engineer. R. M. Galperin, architect. G. I. Korneev (in the area of ​​Kapotnya and the village of Besedy)
• Spassky Bridge, 1962, engineer. V. D. Vasiliev, architect. K. P. Savelyev (in the area of ​​Strogino and the village of Spas).

In 1970, Soyuzdorproekt, on the instructions of the Moscow City Executive Committee, developed a technical project for the reconstruction of the Moscow Ring Road on the section from Gorkovskoye to Novoryazanskoye highway (section 0 - 11 km), which was carried out in 1973-1977. During the reconstruction of the Moscow Ring Road, the roadbed was expanded from 24 m to 36 m while maintaining the existing dividing strip; installation of 6 and 8 lanes, reconstruction of ramps and traffic intersections. By 1994 it was operating at capacity limits. In the current conditions for the development of the MSR industry, a significant growth of traffic loads, where the MKAD plays a leading role (feasibility study of the MKAD Soyuzdorproekt vol. 1, 1996).

In the master plan for the development of Moscow and the Moscow region until 2010, a new classification is proposed for the Moscow Ring Road - the main arterial street of the 1st class, designed to accommodate mixed flows, transport traffic - continuous, design speed - 100 km/h, pedestrian traffic - in different levels (General Plan, Moscow 1999).

A sharp increase in the number of garages within the MKAD development zone has led to the emergence of a large number of spontaneous ramps to them at one level, significantly increasing the deformation of embankments and slopes. The ecological condition of the pavement in 1994 along the entire length of the Moscow Ring Road was assessed as satisfactory (Soyuzdorproekt, MADI 1994).

A feasibility study (feasibility study) for the MKAD reconstruction of the MKAD was developed in pursuance of a decree of the Moscow government dated December 6, 1994 and in accordance with the assignment approved by the Minister of the Moscow Government. The standard period for reconstruction is set at five years and agreed upon by the Moscow Government - the start of work is 1995, the end is 1999. The reconstruction of road overpasses was carried out in accordance with the “Scheme for the integrated development of transport in the city of Moscow” (the area occupied by roads increases at least three times).

In the future, 49 road overpasses are designed on the ring road, of which 17 are in the body of the road, 32 are above the road; 14 intersections with railways, including 2 overpasses under railway tracks and 12 over railway tracks, 8 bridge crossings.

The reconstruction of the bridges took place with minimal rearrangement.

The axis of the designed bridge is near the village. Beseda was reconstructed at a distance of 40 m from the axis of the existing bridge towards the area. The approaches to the bridge are designed with R – 2000 m and are 1000 m in length, including: 484 m to the beginning of the existing bridge; 516 m., after the end of the existing bridge.

Bridge crossing over the river. Moscow near the village Beseda is characterized by a wide floodplain, which is slightly swampy in places. The geological section in the area of ​​the bridge crossing is represented by modern Quaternary deposits (and Q sh- IV ) clays of Jurassic age ( J 3 ) and Carboniferous limestones (C 3). The thickness of modern alluvium, represented by sands of various sizes with individual lenses of silted loams and, more rarely, gravel soils, varies from 9 m on the left bank to 20 m on the right. Groundwater on both banks is confined to alluvial deposits and is hydraulically connected with the waters of the river. Moscow (under these conditions, the construction of the bridge crossing was carried out using driven and bored piles).

The axis of the designed bridge crossing near the village. Spas is taken at a distance of 35 m from the axis of the existing bridge towards the region. The approaches to the bridge are designed with R – 1500 m and R – 2000 m and amount to 1762 m, including: 458 m to the beginning of the existing bridge; 1304 m of post-end bridge, taking into account the construction of 2 new overpasses (approved by the protocol of June 30, 1995).

Bridge crossing over the river. Moscow near the village Spas occupies the right side of the river valley. Moscow and the floodplain is up to 1.- 1.2 km wide, which in places is slightly swampy. The left side is steep and exposed, but despite this it is quite stable. The area of ​​the bridge crossing is composed of Quaternary deposits overlying the rocks of the Carboniferous system. Quaternary sediments on the banks are represented by a thickness of interlayered sands, sandy loams, loams, micaceous clays with layers of peat. Their thickness ranges from 14 m on the right bank to 32 m on the left bank. The river bed is composed of alluvial sands with a thickness of 5-7 m. The bedrock is represented by fractured limestone with interlayers of marls and dense clays. Groundwater is confined to alluvial deposits, which are associated with the water level in the river. Moscow and to fractured limestones (the supports were built on pile foundations).

The axis of the designed bridge near the city of Khimki is shifted by 35 meters from its axis towards the city. The approaches to the bridge are designed with R – 1500 m and R – 2000 m is 1295 m, including: 652 m to the beginning of the existing bridge; 643 m after the end of the existing bridge. Bridge crossing over the canal named after. Moscow near the city of Khimki, located on the slopes of the Khimki reservoir in the area of ​​the designed bridge; the slopes are gentle, stable, overgrown with forest, composed of Quaternary sediments, represented by moraine loamy soils overlying Jurassic bedrock. The thickness of Quaternary deposits is: 14-16 m. Groundwater on both banks is confined to the roof of fluvioglacial sands and is hydraulically connected to the water level in the channel; are not aggressive towards concrete (feasibility study of MKAD Soyuzdorproekt vol. 2 1996).

Reconstruction of medium bridges (bridge crossings over the Setun, Skhodnya, Yauza rivers) was carried out by expanding the existing structure by attaching support structures symmetrically relative to the axis on both sides and installing spans and building a new one. The slopes of the valleys are turfed and stable. No groundwater outlets were noted on the slopes, only at the base of the slopes in the river valley. Setun there is a discharge of groundwater in the form of springs. The floodplains are swampy in places. In the areas where overpasses are being constructed, groundwater is almost everywhere discovered, often “overwater”, at a depth of 3 to 7 m; in the area of ​​the Shchelkovsky overpass and the railway overpass. Moscow-Minsk (feasibility study MKAD Soyuzdorproekt vol. 2 1996).

Significant areas are allocated for rainwater drainage, gas supply, pipelines, purification systems, communication networks and other communications (The total length of the reconstructed stormwater drainage networks near the Moscow Ring Road will be about 768 m.)

In accordance with the General Gas Supply Scheme for Moscow for the period up to 2010, the total length of relayed communication cables throughout the Moscow Ring Road will be 78.08 km. A total of 65 bridges and overpasses with a total length of 6140.54 linear meters have been built on the reconstructed highway.

The excavation soil in the volume of 589.9 thousand m³ is used for filling embankments, the unsuitable excavation soil in the volume of 671.93 thousand m³ is transported to the cavalier. The total volume of soil, taking into account the replacement of the weak base of embankments and excavations, the installation of ditches and cutting off shortfalls, transported to the cavalier, is 7284.96 thousand m³. The need for sand for the construction of embankments was about 1064 thousand m³. The permanent allotment strip directly for the reconstruction and reconstruction of transport interchanges is 516.9 hectares, including: Forest – 126.82 hectares; gardens, vegetable gardens 47.94 hectares; arable land 21.78 hectares; pasture 8.38 hectares; meadow 144.04 ha; inconvenient lands 167.94 hectares;

To make it possible to expand the Moscow Ring Road in two directions from the 70-71 km axis, the river bed was straightened. The gangway is from the area, because The edge of the projected road embankment comes close to the riverbed, and in two places crosses it. Temporary land allocation for the construction period for the passage and operation of machines and mechanisms along roads and exits, and the placement of construction sites amounted to 186.21 hectares. The land allocation for the sites of buildings and structures is 15 hectares, including: Forest 4.5 hectares; Arable land 5.5 ha; Inconvenient lands - 5.0 hectares;

Relief, longitudinal profile and roadbed of the highway.

In plan, the Moscow Ring Road has 34 angles of rotation with curved radii inscribed in them: R >3000 m - 11 pcs. R =2000 m - 20 pcs. R =1500 m - 1 pc. R =1000 m - 1 pc. Without breakdown - 1 pc. This allows for a design speed of up to 150 km/h. In the longitudinal profile, the radii are: convex curve - 10,000 m, concave curve - 5,000 m, maximum longitudinal slope - 40%, which ensures a design speed of vehicles of 100 km/h. At the same time, the beginning and end of the 0-109 km route is taken at the intersection of the Moscow Ring Road and the Gorkovsky Highway. During the reconstruction of the Moscow Ring Road, the axis of the road was preserved. The expansion of the roadbed and roadway was carried out in both directions from the existing axis, so the road plan and its longitudinal profile were largely preserved.

Changes in the route relief plan occurred in the following cases: I. Design of three new large bridges, II . A detour to preserve the Vostryakovskoye and Perlovskoye cemeteries, III . The passage of the main communications of the oil and gas pipelines along the Moscow Ring Road in the area of ​​the Kuzminsky forest park.

The route plan was changed in the following places: The location of three new large bridges across the river. Moscow village Conversations (19 km) and village. Spas (68 km) and the channel named after. Moscow (76 km); Bypassing Vostryakovsky and Perlovsky cemeteries; Passage of main oil and gas pipelines along the Moscow Ring Road in the area of ​​the Kuzminsky forest park.

During the reconstruction of the Moscow Ring Road, the following parameters of the transverse profile of the roadway and roadbed were adopted, tab. No.

Table No. 1 Parameters of the transverse profile of the Moscow Ring Road (Soyuzdorproekt t., 2 1996).

Number of lanes	from 4 x 2; up to 5 x 2;
Lane width	3,75
Roadway width	15 m x 2
Number of transitional express lanes	1 x 2 m
Transition lane width	3.75 m
Width of the dividing strip between the main traffic and the transitional express lane	0,75
Curb width	3m
Width of the reinforced part of the shoulder	1.25 m
Width of dividing strip between different directions of traffic	5 m
The smallest width of the reinforced strip on the dividing strip	1m
Subgrade width	50 m

To preserve the landscapes of the Losiny Ostrov National Park, the placement of parking lots, service facilities, and ramps is prohibited on 95–103 km of the Moscow Ring Road. On this section, the Moscow Ring Road has 4 lanes in each direction (with a prospective traffic intensity for 2015 of 75.6 thousand vehicles/day). On this section of the Moscow Ring Road from Yaroslavskoye to Shchelkovskoye highway 96-103 km, the traffic intensity, both the existing one - 38 thousand cars / day, and the prospective one for 2015 - 75.6 thousand cars / day is higher than the average traffic intensity throughout the Moscow Ring Road, and amounts to 35.3 thousand cars/day, respectively, 70.2 thousand cars/day.

The steepness of the slopes of the subgrade: excavations and embankments up to 2 m high – 1: 1: 1.75; external slope of excavations 1:2 embankments height: from 3 to 6 m – 1: 1.5; from 6 to 12 m -1:1.75. The steepness of embankment slopes in flooded areas is 1: 2. (Feasibility study of the MKAD Soyuzdorproekt vol. 2, 1996).

The longitudinal profile of the Moscow Ring Road remained largely unchanged during reconstruction, with the exception of the approaches to new large bridges. The total volume of excavation work amounted to 9307.7 thousand m³. To ensure the stability of the designed subgrade, the strengthening of the slopes is provided mainly with plant soil 0.15 m thick, with sowing of perennial grass seeds with an area of ​​1004.22 thousand m². (Feasibility study MKAD Soyuzdorproekt vol. 2 1996).

In flooded areas, embankment slopes are reinforced with: reinforced concrete slabs measuring 3x2, 5x0.16 m - 24.4 thousand m²; concrete slabs measuring 1x1x0.16 m - 12.2 thousand m³ on a crushed stone base 0.1 m thick; geogrid filled with plant soil – 158.9 thousand m²; concrete lattice slabs filled with crushed stone – 491.4 thousand m². The total length of fast currents is 720 m.

Road pavement structures are developed in accordance with the transport and operational requirements for the road I technical category (according to the assignment - the main highway). The estimated reduced traffic intensity for one busiest lane, based on the total future intensity and composition of traffic (in both directions), for the estimated year 2015 will be 6045 cars per day. A semi-rigid road pavement is recommended for construction: a top layer of asphalt concrete made from a hot fine-grained crushed stone mixture of type “A” Igrade (GOST 9128-84) on crushed (or natural with the addition of crushed sand), granite crushed stone and modified bitumen, thickness 0.08; The bottom layer of the coating is made of highly porous asphalt concrete from a hot coarse-grained crushed stone mixture.

Moscow Ring Road (MKAD)- a highway in Moscow, a ring road, which since the early 1960s has coincided with the administrative border of the city. Since the 1980s, Moscow began to include areas outside the Moscow Ring Road, and currently the administrative border of the city runs only partially along the ring road. In the section from Abramtsevo to Yaroslavskoye Highway, the MKAD highway runs in the Losiny Ostrov National Park. The entire length of the Moscow Ring Road is illuminated, even under bridges and overpasses.

Device

The entire length of the MKAD does not have single-level intersections with other transport routes; traffic is carried out in five lanes in each direction. The capacity is 9 thousand cars per hour, the permitted speed is 100 km/h. At the intersection with the North-Eastern Expressway, together with the head section of the Moscow - St. Petersburg expressway ( M11 ) is the largest and only five-level transport interchange in Russia - Businovskaya.

All intersections of the Moscow Ring Road with other highways have steps for the descent and ascent of pedestrians. But there are no sidewalks along the Moscow Ring Road! Please do not try to climb over the fence/impediment to walk along the Moscow Ring Road. 1. Any person on the Moscow Ring Road makes all drivers nervous and you will receive the most selective swear words as “karma”. 2. Hundreds of cars run into these same bump stops every day and there is a considerable chance of ending up under them. 3. In addition to points 1-2, it is also very harmful to your health to breathe dust and fumes from thousands of cars.

If you need to leave your car on the Moscow Ring Road, use the bus stop pockets. There is no continuous public transport along the Moscow Ring Road, but there is a bus stop near each highway, and often there is also a pedestrian crossing nearby. If there is no bus stop near the desired turn, you can (by turning on the emergency lights) stop “at the triangle” between the petals of the interchange.

Features of hitchhiking

• When planning to hitchhike along the Moscow Ring Road, look at the Yandex.Traffic service in advance and use the settings for the desired day and hour in this service. There are periods when it is better not to enter the Moscow Ring Road, even with your own car: 1) Friday and the evening before the holidays 2) morning and evening waves of office workers leaving. Truckers prefer to drive through the Moscow Ring Road at night, from 2 to 5 am. At other times, it is more convenient for them to travel along the “Big Moscow Ring” A108 . If you prefer to stop truckers, then use the same route. From the intersection with A108 , as a rule, exit traffic jams on radial routes end, so it’s more convenient to break away from Moscow later. Passenger transit vehicles avoid traffic jams on the Moscow Ring Road along the "Small Moscow Ring" A107 .
• It is useful to install the 2GIS off-line program on your phone/tablet. In it you will not only choose the correct position for voting (and leaving the car), but also, if you get stuck in a traffic jam, you will find the nearest train platform so you can go to the metro without traffic jams. Electric trains in the near Moscow region run frequently, every 15-20 minutes, with the exception of a break on weekdays from 10 a.m. to 1 p.m. Some new metro stations are already located near the Moscow Ring Road, both from the internal and external sides.
• If you need to move to the opposite exit from Moscow, then during the day it is faster to do it by metro. See descriptions of departures from Moscow for specific directions/routes.
• A considerable percentage of bad drivers manage to drive taxis on the Moscow Ring Road. If a car moves towards you through three rows, cutting off other cars, then most likely it is a “taxi driver”. It’s good that they always ask “how much will you give?” when the client boards.
• To cut off taxi drivers/bombs, it is useful to dress as brightly as possible and have a noticeably sized backpack. Also, back in the 90s, Valery Shanin taught all Moscow taxi drivers the “hitchhiking with your thumb” gesture. This gesture is now convenient to drive away clearly selfish drivers from their position.
• The ideal position on the Moscow Ring Road is immediately after the junction of the flow from the interchange petal. It is very successful if there is a “pocket” nearby and you can vote a few meters in front of it. The driver has time to assess, react and stop safely before he has time to change lanes.
• It is much worse to vote between exits - most drivers in the right lanes are preparing to turn off and you will be moving with them from junction to junction.
• A very bad position - before the exit from the Moscow Ring Road. There is almost no chance of catching a car directly, because... the entire flow is compacted and pressed against the right edge, preparing to move onto the interchange. If you also need to turn off, it is better to walk to the end of the junction. If you need to go straight along the Moscow Ring Road, follow the path behind the bumper until you reach the petal where cars will exit onto the Moscow Ring Road.
• Voting with signs. Some people believe that by writing “KASHIRKA” on the sign they will quickly stop a straight car along the Moscow Ring Road and will not waste time/effort/health looking for intermediate positions.

Hitchhiking positions and nearest metro stations at intersections with radial streets

• 0 km. Highway Enthusiasts M7 "Volga"
  • On the outside: We vote at the Gorkovskoe Highway bus stop a little further from the interchange. If the traffic is not very dense, you can go a little closer and vote in the acceleration lane.
  • On the inside: either immediately after the junction, or after 50 meters near the underground passage.
• 1.6 km Ivanovsky Bridge
  • On the outside: there are no positions beyond the adjacency. We vote on the triangle between the petals.
  • On the inside: at the entrance to the Lukoil gas station
• 4 km Ketcherskaya street/Nosovikhinskoe highway
  • On the outside: 1 km to the station. m. "Novokosino". We vote on the asphalt triangle. The place is gorgeous - you can land a helicopter)
  • On the inside: we vote either on the acceleration lane, or, if there is a traffic jam, on the triangle between the petals.
• 6 km Nikolay Starostin Street
  • On the outside: At the end of a long pocket of a bus stop by an overpass.
  • On the inside: in the acceleration lane, not reaching the 6 km post.
• 7 km Moldagulova Street/Novoukhtomskoye Highway, Muromskaya Street
  • On the outside: we vote either immediately after the junction, or we go to the bus stop pocket.
  • On the inside: an excellent pocket at the entrance to a gas station.
• 8 km Kosinskaya overpass (Highway Veshnyaki - Lyubertsy)
  • On the outside: in the acceleration lane after the last petal.
  • On the inside: at the end of the acceleration lane, just after the bridge.
• 9 km Ryazansky Prospekt/Lermontovsky Prospekt P105
  • On the outside: 1 km to the station. m. "Lermontovsky Prospekt". There is no place to vote - the bridge across the railway begins immediately. It’s easier to go to the first turnoff to the Kosinskaya overpass and vote on the triangle between the petals.
  • On the inside: pocket behind the underground passage.
• 11 km Volgogradsky Prospekt/Novoryazanskoye Highway M5 "Ural"
  • On the outside: 2 km to the station. m. "Kotelniki". Vote on the acceleration strip for the last petal.
  • On the inside: 4.5 km to the station. m. "Kuzminki". Vote on the acceleration strip for the last petal.
• 14 km Verkhnie Polya Street/Novoegorievskoe Highway
  • On the outside: 1. On an asphalt triangle between the petals. 2. In the pocket of the bus stop behind the overpass.
  • On the inside: On an asphalt triangle between the petals. There are no positions at the entrance to Sadovod, and further on there is a “no stopping” sign.
• 16 km Kapotnya Street/Energetikov Street (Dzerzhinsky)
  • On the outside: before the overpass, at the turn to the car market, an asphalt triangle.
  • On the inside: Great triangle opposite the cooling tower.
• 20 km. Besedinskoye Highway
  • On the outside: if the acceleration lane is busy, walk a little forward, there will be a pocket at the entrance to a brick one-story house.
  • On the inside: not reaching the power lines, in the “technical” lane.
• 24 km Kashirskoe highway A105
  • On the outside: no positions. There are fences, tunnels and overpasses all around.
  • On the inside: 1.2 km to the station. m. "Domodedovskaya". At the beginning of a long pocket of a bus stop. Before the overpass to the Vegas shopping mall.
• 27 km Lipetskaya street/ M4 "Don"
  • On the outside: after the last petal the acceleration strip is very short, and the fence begins immediately. It’s better to walk a little closer to the overpass and vote between the petals. From the Vegas shopping center there are free minibuses every 20 minutes to the Domodedovskaya metro station. Schedule .
  • On the inside: There is a small pocket and a gap in the fence under the sign "BIRYULEVO 3"
• 31 km Podolsk Cadets Street
  • On the outside: 100 meters after the power line there is a special pocket for stopping freight transport.
  • On the inside: cafe right behind the transformer booth.
• 33 km Warsaw highway, Simferopol highway M2 "Crimea"
  • On the outside: There is a convenient pocket at the entrance to the Chinatown shopping center.
  • On the inside: 650 m to the station. m. "Annino". Vote at the bus stop near the overpass.
• 35 km Polyany Street
  • On the outside: Option 1 - on the triangle between the entrance/exit. Option 2 - immediately after the junction before the start of the fence.
  • On the inside: 250 meters to the Lesoparkovaya metro station. Vote at the end of the acceleration lane.
• 38 km st. Karamzin/road to ShK SVR
  • On the outside: excellent position on the triangle between the entrance and exit. If someone has already stopped there, then on the technical strip a little further.
  • On the inside: 2 km. to the Yasenevo metro station. Vote on the technical lane between the last junction and the bus stop.
• 41 km Kaluga highway A130 /Profsoyuznaya street
  • On the outside: ??
  • On the inside: 1.3 km. to the Teply Stan metro station. Vote in the acceleration lane, no pockets.
• 45 km Leninsky Prospekt/Kievskoye Highway M3 "Ukraine"
  • On the outside: 1.2 km. to the Rumyantsevo metro station. The closest hitchhiking position is at the entrance to the red Kia Motors car dealership. There is nothing closer (
  • On the inside: 1.2 km. to the Toparevo metro station. There is a voting place right behind Vostryakovsky Pond. It is better to get there along the paths through the Forest Park so as not to climb over the overpasses.
• 47 km Borovskoe highway
  • On the outside: Wide acceleration lane opposite OBI. Walking distance 1 km. to the metro station "Govorovo"
  • On the inside: There are no good positions. You can try between the last overpass and the bridge over the railway. But the side of the road is narrow. Walking 1.4 km to the station. metro station "Ozernaya" Solntsevskaya line.
• 53 km. Skolkovskoe highway
  • On the outside: We are not afraid of the green fence, we go to the end of the acceleration lane, just up the hill.
  • On the inside: super position at a closed traffic police post.
• 54 km. Mozhaiskoe highway M1 "Belarus"
  • On the outside: A good pocket at the entrance to the construction market.
  • On the inside: 4 km. to the Kuntsevo metro station. Vote at the large pocket in front of the overpass.
• 55 km Gorbunova Street
  • On the outside: the Vegas-Kuntsevo shopping and entertainment complex has not yet been completed, there are no positions. The construction fence blocks everything. There is a bus stop further from this construction site, near the overpass.
  • On the inside: technical strip before the overpass.
• 57 km Molodogvardeyskaya street/Northern bypass of the city of Odintsovo - "Toll M1 "
  • On the outside: 2.8 km. to the Molodezhnaya metro station.
  • On the inside: for voting there are three positions to choose from, sequentially, from the overpass: 1. At the entrance to the cellular station. 2. At the entrance to the Sahara restaurant. 3. on an asphalt triangle between the petals.
• 60-61 km Rublevskoe highway and Rublevo-Uspenskoe highway
  • On the outside: You can vote 1. on the technical lane immediately after the turnoff to the auto center. 2. On the triangle at the end of the Uspenskaya interchange (60 km).
  • On the inside: 3.3 km. to the Krylatskoye metro station. Vote at the stop near the overpass.
• 63 km. Marshal Zhukov Avenue, Novorizhskoe Highway M9 "Baltia"
  • On the outside: 1. Rosneft gas station between the petals. 2. a gap in the fence at the entrance to the car dealership.
  • On the inside: at the exit from the tunnel there is a small entry point to a gas station.
• 65 km. Myakininsky passage
  • On the outside: Opposite the Crocus City entrance, 500 meters from the Myakinino metro station. For hitchhiking, we pass by the auto parts market and immediately behind the TNK gas station there will be an asphalt triangle between the entrance and exit.
  • On the inside: 1 km. to the Strogino metro station. Position at the bus stop behind the overpass. There is no place closer to the junction.
• 68 km. volokolamskoe highway
  • On the outside: 900 m to the Volokolamskaya metro station. There are no places for hitchhiking - right after the junction there is a bridge over the Moscow River. The only option is a small gap in the fence where the entrance to the red brick house on the very bank of the river is. There are steps to the water, and the river here is still clean)
  • On the inside: 1st option for voting - an asphalt triangle in front of the railway overpass, if it is already occupied, then 2nd option - a technical strip at the TNK gas station.
• 72 km. Novokurkinskoe highway
  • On the outside: A gap in the fence across from Greenwood Business Park. Then the strip goes to this same business park.
  • On the inside: walk along the forest until the very end of the junction. There will be a small section of a “technical strip” suitable for stopping, between the Kurkinskaya and Khimki interchanges. There are no pockets.
• 74 km. Molodezhnaya and st. Freedom
  • On the outside: 1st option - an asphalt triangle in front of the TatNeft gas station. 2nd option - entering this same gas station.
  • On the inside: 2.2 km. to the metro station "Planernaya". Vote at the bus stop near the overpass.
• 75 km. Leningradskoe highway/ M10 "Russia"
  • On the outside: Bus stop “Novobutakovo” near the overpass.
  • On the inside: 3.6 km. to the metro station "Rechnoy Vokzal". Vote at the bus stop in front of the canal. Moscow. A free minibus to the metro runs from the Capitol shopping center every 30 minutes. Schedule .
• 77 km. temporary storage warehouse/ M11
  • On the outside: At the end of the highest overpass there will be a “Hospital” bus stop.
  • On the inside: 700 metro to the Khovrino metro station under construction (opening at the end of 2017). It is best to vote behind a closed traffic police post.
• 78 km. Likhachevskoye Highway/Businovsky Proezd
  • On the outside: Bus stop “79 km” with an overpass.
  • On the inside: technical strip near the pink gas station. In front of the boiler room.
• 82 km. Dmitrovskoe highway A104
  • On the outside: technical strip on the bridge over the railway, and nowhere else! There will be a small pocket just near the forest, behind the river collector. Fever. Free buses depart from the Rio shopping center every 30 minutes to the station. m. Altufyevo and Medvedkovo.
  • On the inside: we walk along the sidewalk along the abandoned concrete monster, as soon as it ends, there will be an entrance to its construction site. This is the only gap in the fence. After another 300 meters there will be an entrance to KFC. It's much more convenient there.
• 85 km. Altufevskoe highway
  • On the outside: 1st option: triangle at the entrance and exit. 2nd option - technical strip in front of the heating main.
  • On the inside: 1.2 km. to the Altufyevo metro station. An excellent position for hitchhiking on the entry-exit triangle. If it is already occupied by stopped trucks, then after 300 meters there will be another similar triangle. From the Auchan shopping center there is a free minibus through the Altufyevo metro station to the Lianozovo platform.
• 90 km. Ostashkovskaya street
  • On the outside: technical lane under the white sign before the turn to the Gazprom gas station. And it’s also suitable near a gas station.
  • On the inside: 1.4 km. to the Medvedkovo metro station, but it’s closer to the metro to get off at the Eka gas station at the very beginning of the 90th km. You can vote at the spacious bus stop “Ostashkovskoye Shosse” (91 km.)
• 94 km. Yaroslavskoe highway/ M8 "Kholmogory"
  • On the outside: You can vote on the technical lane right on the bridge over the railway (Trans-Siberian).
  • On the inside: spacious stop “Yaroslavskoe Highway” on the 95th km. Where is the arched overpass.
• 103 km. Khabarovskaya street/Abramtsevo
  • On the outside: wide technical strip at kilometer post "102".
  • On the inside: wide technical strip under a white sign board.
• 105 km. Schelkovskoe highway A103
  • On the outside: Vote in the technical lane in front of the overpass or in the stop pocket immediately after it.
  • On the inside: 2.5 km. to the metro station "Shchelkovskaya". There are no positions for hitchhiking - there is barely a meter between the fence and the first lane.