The gender is ancient Greek. the name of the stock rose is Alcea rosea L. About 300 species, distributed in tropical and subtropical areas.
The hibiscus bush lives for 20 years or more, and lends itself well to shaping: at the end of winter, the stems are pruned to increase branching.
G. chinensis, Chinese rose - H. rosa-sinensis L.
An evergreen shrub or small tree up to 4.5 m tall with brownish, sometimes almost black bark on old shoots. Leaves are up to 15 cm long, alternate, petiolate, ovate or oval, at least serrated in the upper half, glabrous, shiny. The flowers are axillary, solitary, on long pedicels, with several linear bracts at their base. The calyx is funnel-shaped, green, up to 3 cm long. The corolla is separate, up to 10-12 cm in diameter, five-membered, of various colors - from white to yellow and dark purple. The stamen filaments grow together into a tube that protrudes far from the flower and contains a style of pistil, crowned with a stigma protruding above the tube. Blooms almost all year round. The flowers only bloom for a day or two, but with proper care, new flowers will appear from spring through fall. The natural flowering time is winter. Homeland - Southeast Asia (Southern China) and Polynesia, northern India. In cultivation before 1831. Numerous garden forms are known, differing in the degree of doubleness, size and color of flowers.
Location
in summer it is bright and sunny, but protected from direct sunlight during the midday hours. It can be exposed to the sun in the air. It overwinters in a bright place at a temperature of 14-16 degrees, which has a positive effect on future flowering, but it can also grow at a temperature of about 20 degrees.
Lighting
Bright light
Watering
in summer - plentiful, the soil should always be moist. In winter, in a cool location - limited. Drying out of the earthen coma causes flower buds to drop. A plant that overwinters at higher temperatures needs frequent spraying.
Air humidity
Moderate
Humidity: additional information
If the air is too dry, the leaves wrinkle. Needs spraying.
Care
The plant is unpretentious; it is kept in winter at a temperature of 12-18 degrees. Light-loving. Needs pruning. It grows quickly, forming a spreading bush. In summer, plants need a lot of light (but not direct sunlight), daily spraying and fertilizing. In winter - moderate watering and keeping in a cool place.
Young plants should be replanted annually and then as needed. To give the plant a decorative shape, it should be pruned. Hibiscus responds to changes in the angle of light by dropping flower buds. Excessive watering or drying out of the earthen ball, sudden temperature fluctuations or lack of light also cause buds to drop. If there is insufficient air humidity, the leaves wrinkle.
The plant grows well in hydroponics.
Reproduction
In July-August, green apical cuttings with 2-3 internodes are cut, planted in pots and covered with jars. After a month, the cuttings take root. In the spring, young plants are transplanted into large pots with a nutrient mixture consisting of turf (4 parts), leaf soil (3 parts), humus (1 part) and river sand (1 part). To prevent young plants from stretching and side shoots developing, they are pruned. Flower buds are mainly formed on shoots of the 3rd-4th branching order, so pinching and pruning of the main and lateral shoots begins when they reach 8-10 cm in length. From the moment of pruning and pinching to flowering, 3-3.5 months pass.
Transfer
At any time of the year, into a soil mixture consisting of equal parts of turf, leaf and humus soil. you can add a little sand. When planting, cut hibiscus branches to 1/3 of their length. This enhances the growth of young pods and the plant looks more beautiful.
Possible difficulties
The main pests are spider mites and aphids. Others may include drafts and drying out of the soil.
The buds are falling
The most likely reason is drying out of the soil. Other causes may include lack of nutrients and sudden changes in temperature.
The leaves are wrinkled
The reason is too dry air. Spray the leaves in spring and summer.
Leaves are falling.
The most likely reason is drying out of the soil. Other reasons may be drafts and drying out soil.
Beneficial features
In the countries where hibiscus naturally grows, its young leaves and shoots are eaten as a vegetable dish; dried flower petals are included in the teas “Sudanese Rose” and “Hibiscus”. The flowers are used to make black hair dye and purple dye for the food industry. Hibiscus is also used in medicine: leaves and flowers, ground into a homogeneous mass, help with malignant tumors; the paste from the flowers is used to treat carbuncles and ulcers of malignant origin.
Topical links
▪ http://florus.com/komn/kom_h10.html
▪ http://www.corbina.com/~galkao/malva/HIBISCUS.htm
▪ http://www.trop-hibiscus.com/index.html
▪ http://www.hibiscus-hawaii.dk/
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Plant of the mallow family. A shrub with dark green jagged leaves, simple or double flowers of various colors. Homeland India, China. In summer it needs abundant watering and spraying. In winter it should be watered sparingly. In spring... ... Concise Encyclopedia of Housekeeping
Chinese rose
Chinese rose- ornamental shrub of the mallow family, cultivated in rooms; belongs to the genus Hibiscus... Great Soviet Encyclopedia
hibiscus chinese rose- kinrožė statusas T sritis vardynas atitikmenys: lot. Hibiscus rosa sinensis engl. China rose; Chinese hibiscus; shoe flower vok. chinesische Rose; Rosen Eibish rus. hibiscus Chinese rose; Chinese hibiscus; Chinese rose lenk. ketmia róża… … Dekoratyvinių augalų vardynas
HIBISCUS ROSA-SINENSIA L. - HIBISCUS CHINESE ROSE- see 620. Shrub. Tree. N. rosa sinensia L. G. Chinese rose Sp.pl. (1753) 694. Burkill (1935) 1168. Berland (1936) 180. Village. and bush. IV (1958) 737. Wealth of India 5 (1959) 91. S y n. H. javanicus Mill.; H. festalis Salisb.; H. rosiflorus... ... Plant Directory
Hibiscus Chinese rose- ... Wikipedia
Sabdariffa - Sabdariffa, Hibiscus-sabdariffa, Chinese rose, Red mallow- From the mallow family. Grows in the tropics (Sudan, Egypt, Ceylon, Java, Mexico, Thailand, China). Often grown as an ornamental plant. The genus Hibiscus includes about 250 species. All of them are deciduous or evergreen, beautifully flowering herbaceous... ... Handbook of Homeopathy
ROSE- female rozan husband bush and flower Rosa, south. erysipelas, zap. ruzha. Wild rose, wild rose; garden, centifolia, terry. Chinese rose, Hybiscus. Countless breeds of garden and pot roses have been bred and cared for. Be pretty, like a face, zap. | Cake,... ... Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary
Rose is a plant from the Rosaceae family.
Rose, a plant from the Rosaceae family- (Rosa Tournf.) a very large genus of plants from the Rosaceae family, embracing more than 100 well-established species, growing wild only in the northern hemisphere, namely in temperate climates and on the mountains under the tropics. Types of R. are diverse: some of them ... Encyclopedic Dictionary F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Efron
“Chinese rose”, “flower of beautiful women”, “burnet” and “flower of death” are the same thing, all these are popular nicknames for hibiscus. It is called the “flower of death” because of beliefs in the negative energy of the plant. There is a sign that if a hibiscus drops its leaves or blooms unexpectedly, someone in the family will get sick or even die. The flower was also often used in magical rituals to induce damage and the evil eye. But all this is nothing more than superstition.
The Latin name of the genus Hibiscus translates as "marsh mallow". But some scientists believe that the plant received its name because of the similarity of the flowers to the beak of the Ibis bird. The botanical name of the species Hibiscus rosa sinensis means “Hibiscus Chinese Rose”.
An evergreen shrub up to 3m tall with a lush and beautiful crown. The leaves are shaped like birch leaves. Smooth, shiny and dark green in color. A hibiscus flower can reach up to 16 cm in diameter. And the color palette is striking in its diversity. Hibiscus comes from the southern outskirts of China. Later it spread to the islands of the Malay Archipelago and other tropical parts of the planet.
Very often, the Chinese rose is confused with the Chinese rose or "tea rose". What is the difference between them, how to determine whether it is a hibiscus or not? Although the name is the same, hibiscus belongs to a different genus - malvaceae, and roses belong to the rosehip genus. And in appearance they are strikingly different from each other.
Photo
Can I keep it at home?
A couple of hibiscus flowers will create the atmosphere of a tropical paradise in your home. It is absolutely harmless to children and pets. Has medicinal properties. Hibiscus purifies the air in the room and brings a feeling of comfort and tranquility..
Home care
Growing hibiscus at home is a pleasure. It is easy to care for and grows well in apartment conditions. But, if you want a flower to delight you with lush greenery and flowers, you need to pay attention to it.
- Hibiscus loves space and light. The best place for it is near a window or on a windowsill.
Important! Do not place the flower in direct sunlight, otherwise the leaves will get severely burned.
- The preferred temperature is +25 degrees during flowering and at least +12 degrees during hibernation. In summer it is useful to take the flower outside to get some air.
- In spring and summer, provide the plant with abundant watering with settled water at room temperature. The soil should be kept moist at all times, but do not allow water to stagnate in the pot. During wintering, it is necessary to water the flower moderately and not so often. About 2 days after the top layer of soil has dried. Hibiscus loves moist air. Spray it every day, but try not to touch the flowers. Otherwise they will become stained and fall off.
- Pruning is needed to increase flowering shoots, speed up the flowering process and form the flower crown. Produced every spring, as soon as the first buds appear.
- When rejuvenating the bush in the spring, all shoots should be cut off, leaving 15 cm from the main trunk. The main thing is that at least one bud remains on the shoot. As soon as the plant begins to grow, we remove all weak shoots. After this, we carry out another standard pruning in the summer. Hibiscus will begin to bloom in early autumn.
Reproduction
There are two ways to propagate hibiscus: seed and cuttings.. The process of propagation by seeds is quite labor-intensive and is preferable for breeders. But if you are not afraid of difficulties, try it - it is very exciting. How to propagate a flower using cuttings:
- Take a young cutting and place it in water.
- Cover the cutting with a glass or plastic cap.
- After 25 or 30 days, when the roots appear, transplant them into soil with plenty of peat.
The cutting method is simpler and has another advantage. The plant will begin to bloom the next year after rooting.
We invite you to watch a video about the propagation of Chinese roses:
Bloom
Hibiscus blooms from March to August. At a certain temperature, the flowering period lasts throughout the year. Blooming flowers last no more than two days, but appear gradually, which is why the plant blooms for so long.
Important! To increase the number of buds, the plant needs to be fed. Once every 2 weeks, alternating mineral and organic fertilizers with each other.
Diseases and pests of indoor plants
If you violate the rules of caring for a flower, aphids or spider mites may appear on it. Dry soil and dry air are a favorable environment for these pests. To get rid of uninvited guests, treat the leaves with a solution of tincture of hot pepper and tar soap. After two weeks, repeat the treatment.
If a hibiscus withers, dries, turns yellow, or even drops its leaves en masse, it is growing in conditions that are uncomfortable for it. Fixing the problem is easy:
- Check the root system of the flower.
- Remove rotten parts.
- Replant in a pot with a light peat mixture and a drainage system.
- Remove it from the draft and place it closer to the light.
Hibiscus or Chinese rose, now this is perhaps one of the most popular indoor and office plants. This is not surprising, because its lush and bright buds have won the hearts of people, what can we say about the leaves that sparkle in the sun. These flowers were grown back in the 18th century in the Botanical Gardens of Europe.
The diameter of the Chinese rose can reach 15-16 centimeters. Also a plant can live about 30 years and grow up to 2 meters in height. At the moment, there is simply an incredible number of varieties and types of Chinese roses.
The flower is truly captivating. This is the main reason why hibiscus has gained such popularity and love among flower growers from all over the world. The Chinese rose can bloom for a whole year if a number of favorable conditions are created for its normal growth and vital activity.
It’s worth looking a little into history and finding out why the hibiscus or Chinese rose is called the flower of death? Much here is based on beliefs that the flower is a source of negative energy, which subsequently begins to absorb human strength and health, even eating another more malicious name is burnet. Most hibiscus flowers have a red tint, which is why they resemble the appearance of blood. But there are still varieties with a variety of colors.
There are also many beliefs that hibiscus does not simply take away vitality, but even brings a person closer to death. Because of this, all sorts of psychics and other specialists keep saying that you need to get rid of such flowers.
Others claim that the flower may be some kind of harbinger of misfortune. It will inform its owners about approaching trouble. For example, if a hibiscus has dropped its leaves, then it is safe to say that someone in the family will get sick.
This plant has both its negative and positive properties. For example, if you trust signs, then there is a belief that for a girl who wants to get married, this is the best remedy. Although a completely different belief insists that the flower is real evil, and can bring sorrow to the family.
Its mystical properties are the main reason why hibiscus is used in various magical rituals and hexes. But do superstitions have any basis? It all depends only on you and your superstition. If you are not overwhelmed by doubts and prejudices and you want to purchase this flower shrouded in mystery, know: it will become an excellent decoration for your home. The main thing is not to forget about proper care of the plant.
Growing Chinese rose
Botanists can say with full confidence that growing this miracle is a real pleasure. But the plant needs to be carefully looked after, even if it is not too whimsical, but it requires good lighting and frequent watering. And if you spray it every day and sometimes trim it, you can get a miniature tree. But still the main advantage of the plant is lush and bright flowers. But it is worth noting that flowering lasts no more than 2 days, but with proper care the flower can grow again.
First of all, the plant needs a lot of space, because it can grow quite large. This pleasure is not so expensive, but you will need to spend money on caring for it, primarily because the flower is susceptible to various pests.
Chinese rose: home care
When keeping hibiscus at home, it needs a certain temperature environment. In summer this mark should fluctuate +20 to +25, in winter this mark is slightly lower from +14 to +20 degrees. In winter it is not necessary to lower the temperature, the Chinese rose is calm can overwinter in warm conditions, then under cooler conditions, it will develop better. In summer it is worth taking it out into the sun. But do this gradually so that the plant does not get burned.
The flower needs a huge amount of light; in heavily shaded places, hibiscus quickly fades and does not bloom at all, but excessive solar radiation can harm the plant. The leaves will get burned and quickly fall off, so it is better that diffused light falls on it. You need to place the flower on the windowsill.
It is advisable to plant the plant in a flowerpot. In the summer you can take the Chinese rose (photo) to the balcony or terrace. It is also important to protect the flower from drafts and do not overdo it with watering. In spring this should be done generously, in winter the pace should be reduced. The main thing here is to find a middle ground. After each watering, you will need to loosen the soil a little, and it is advisable to spray the leaves twice a day. If it is very hot, you need to do this more often.
Soil for Chinese rose
The recipe here is not so complicated and is prepared in this way:
- part of plain soil;
- one part sand;
- one part of humus.
Then you will need to mix all this thoroughly and plant the sprout; you can also add foam balls and small pebbles to the soil. The plant should be replanted only when it has already taken root and is actively growing. It will take a long time for the cutting to take root. During the growth process, the flower should be replanted once a year, and it is better to choose a larger pot each time. For complete engraftment, during transplantation at home, you will need create a special consistency, which consists of:
- one part of humus;
- parts of peat land;
- one part sand;
- two parts of turf land.
Also in the spring, it will be possible to feed the flower with various mineral fertilizers. In particular, you need to seek help from substances such as iron and copper chelate. At the end of August, intensive feeding should be stopped. The rest of the year you need to do this once a month. It will be useful to fertilize plants by adding special solutions to the water during spraying.
Diseases of Chinese rose (hibiscus)
The plant is not too demanding and will feel more than comfortable under normal home conditions. But it's worth it how to properly care for hibiscus so that the flower grows healthy and beautiful. If there are too many leaves on the stem and they all turn green, then the Chinese rose will not bloom at all. Also, poor flowering may be due to the fact that the soil is saturated with a large amount of nitrogen fertilizer. The problem may arise not only due to oversaturation with minerals, but perhaps the plant simply does not have enough light and watering.
By following the rules for growing Chinese rose or hibiscus, as this flower is commonly called, you can get a beautiful, healthy plant that will decorate any room.
Hibiscus flower
An unpretentious and pretty Hibiscus tree (another name is the Chinese rose) will decorate any apartment. The Chinese rose attracts with its long flowering, charming single or double flowers that resemble a blooming rose. Flowers can have a variety of colors and shapes, depending on the type of hibiscus, of which there are about three hundred.
This tree or tree-like shrub in nature grows up to 5 meters, but at home it reaches a maximum of 1.5 meters. Today, low plants - hibiscus hybrids - are also popular.
The glossy leaves are oval in shape and serrated along the edges. The colors of the flowers can be very different: from light pink or yellowish-white to fiery red or purple-violet.
Hibiscus flower shades
Simple varieties of hibiscus have flowers similar to mallow flowers. In its natural form, the flowering period is winter; in cultivation it can bloom for almost a whole year.
The Chinese rose is native to southern China and northern India. Here it is bred everywhere, but it is no longer found in the wild. Hibiscus in Russia is known as a very popular indoor plant.
Useful properties and uses of hibiscus
- Few people know that such a popular and beloved indoor plant has a wide range of beneficial properties. It has long been used in the treatment of skin inflammation, gastrointestinal diseases, hemorrhoids, and dysentery.
- The leaves and flowers of Chinese rose contain flavonoids, which improve the metabolic process and cleanse the body of harmful and excess products. Hibiscus also has antihelminthic properties and helps cleanse the body of helminthic infestations. Using the leaves and flowers of the plant for medicinal purposes protects the liver from harmful influences, improves metabolism, and stimulates the production of bile.
- Hibiscus flowers are widely used in folk medicine. They have anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, bactericidal, hemostatic, choleretic and diuretic effects.
- Hibiscus flowers contain ascorbic, malic, and citric acids, which give them a sour but pleasant taste. The absence of oxalic acid in flowers allows them to be consumed by people with kidney disease, since it prevents the formation of stones in them.
Home care for indoor Hibiscus
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For someone who wants to have a beautiful plant at home, but does not yet have experience in caring for indoor flowers, Hibiscus is ideal. Despite its beauty, this plant is very unpretentious.
It can easily withstand low lighting, sudden temperature changes, and treacherous drafts. It won't go to waste even if you miss watering time.
Attention!
It is thanks to this unpretentiousness that hibiscus is often placed in offices, living rooms, in the halls and corridors of various institutions.
Hibiscus is called the “Chinese rose”, and this name perfectly conveys the beauty of this plant. However, in order for hibiscus not only to live, but also to delight you with its bright blooms, you need to remember a few tips.
Location and lighting
The first thing a novice gardener needs to learn is that hibiscus is a light-loving plant. Place it near a window or any other well-lit place.
Also remember that hibiscus grows very quickly and reaches quite large sizes. In a small room there may be problems with its placement: this flower does not like being cramped.
The pot in which the hibiscus will live also plays an important role: the tighter the pot, the slower it will grow.
What should the temperature be?
The optimal temperature for Chinese roses in summer is 20-22 degrees. In winter, the temperature should be lowered to 14-16 degrees. Lowering the temperature in winter will have a positive effect on the future flowering of hibiscus. If you do not have the opportunity to keep the flower in low temperature conditions, do not worry - the Chinese rose can grow in winter even at room temperature.
Air humidity
Hibiscus needs frequent spraying, since the flower loves high humidity. If you keep hibiscus in a room with dry air, there is a high probability that the flowers will not be able to fully open. Spraying should be carried out as carefully as possible - water should not get on the flowers, otherwise the buds will become stained and fall off.
To increase humidity, you can use a tray with expanded clay or pebbles filled with water. But remember, the bottom of the pot should not touch the water!
How to properly water a Chinese rose?
Chinese hibiscus loves moisture. It needs to be watered abundantly so that the soil in the pot is completely saturated with water. But you shouldn’t water the Chinese rose too often - the top layer of soil should have time to dry out. In autumn and winter, watering should be moderate, after about 2-3 days after the top layer has dried. For irrigation, it is better to use standing soft water at room temperature.
The soil
The soil for growing hibiscus should be nutritious and light, it should be close to neutral (pH approximately 6).
The ideal soil composition would be a mixture of turf, leaf, humus soil and sand in a ratio of 4:3:1:1. Pieces of charcoal can be added to the soil composition.
A simplified soil composition is also suitable: turf, humus soil and sand in proportions 2:1:1.
Do not forget to take care of good drainage, the flower does not tolerate stagnant water in the pot!
Feeding and fertilizers
Feeding plays a big role in caring for indoor hibiscus. It is very important not to overdo it with fertilizers.
In the spring, when the Chinese rose is preparing to start growing, it is worth feeding it with potassium-phosphorus fertilizer. For other fertilizers, the optimal time would be summer, when the flower grows most actively.
But it’s better to avoid nitrogen-containing fertilizers - hibiscus doesn’t like them too much.
How to transplant a Chinese rose?
Young plants need to be replanted every year. To do this, mix 2 parts garden soil, 1 part sand and 1 part peat in a pre-prepared pot or tub. If you are replanting a large plant, then you should prepare a heavier mixture.
From the age of three, there is no need for annual replanting: an adult plant needs to be replanted every 2-3 years.
How to prune Hibiscus correctly?
Formative pruning must be done annually; only under this condition will the Chinese rose delight you with its flowering.
Each time after flowering, the tips of the shoots need to be trimmed, then the side shoots will grow, on which, in turn, buds will form.
Please note that hibiscus flowers appear only on young shoots, so every shoot that is not trimmed on time is another flower that you will miss next year.
In early spring, it is very useful to pinch all shoots, including young ones. Although indoor hibiscus can be pruned throughout the year, it does not harm it at all.
Shoots that grow parallel to the main trunk (they are called “tops”) must be trimmed. The same as those of the branches that grow inside the crown. Don’t worry about the flower, regular pruning is only good for it, ensuring healthy growth and abundant flowering.
Reproduction of indoor hibiscus
Indoor Chinese hibiscus propagates both by seeds and cuttings. However, the seeds are too much trouble for a novice plant grower - this method is quite labor-intensive and is more suitable for those who are engaged in the selection of indoor hibiscus.
And propagation by cuttings has several undeniable advantages. Firstly, this method preserves all varietal characteristics inherent in the mother plant.
And secondly (which is especially important for an amateur plant grower), with this method the plant begins to bloom in the first year.
Propagation by seeds
It is better to sow seeds from late January to mid-March. Before planting seeds in the ground, they should be soaked for 12 hours in Epin. The seeds need to be planted in a mixture of peat and sand.
After planting, the pot is covered with glass or film to create greenhouse conditions. It is necessary to constantly maintain the temperature within 25-27 degrees.
Also, do not forget to periodically ventilate the pot and spray the soil with the seeds.
When the young sprouts have 2-3 leaves, they can be transplanted into a separate pot. Hibiscus grown from seeds will bloom only in 2-3 years.
Propagation of Chinese rose by cuttings
Young cuttings are best suited for propagation. To root, place them in water or soil. In the first case, you will need a vessel, preferably made of dark glass, filled with water. Place a Hibiscus cutting in it and cover it with a “cap” - for example, a glass jar.
This is necessary to increase humidity. The cuttings will take root in about 25-30 days. When the roots appear, the cuttings will need to be transplanted into an earthen mixture containing a large amount of peat.
It is advisable to add sphagnum moss there - this is especially useful for a young plant.
When rooting directly in the ground, you will need a mixture consisting of coarse sand and peat. But do not forget that before this you must remove all leaves from the cutting except the top two.
Difficulties in growing Hibiscus
- Buds appear, but do not open and soon fall off - insufficient watering; drying out of the soil; lack of nutrients in the soil; low indoor air temperature.
- The lower leaves fall off, new leaves grow yellow - increased calcium and chlorine content in the soil; lack of iron and nitrogen; indoor air is too dry; abundant watering with cold water; low temperature.
- Lack of flowers when the crown is too lush - an excess of fertilizers containing nitrogen; the flower does not have enough light, the temperature is too high in winter.
- Pinkish spots appear on the leaves - lack of light; excess fertilizer.
- Leaves wilt and become limp - lack of moisture.
- The roots dry out - the soil temperature is too low.
- The leaves dry out - the air in the room is too dry; high temperature in winter.
Diseases and pests
The greatest danger to indoor hibiscus is scale insects and spider mites. To get rid of these pests, you must first wash the leaves with a soapy solution, and then spray them with Actellik solution.
Types of Chinese rose
Hibiscus, or Chinese rose, attracts gardeners with its beauty and very tempting large inflorescences. Caring for a Chinese rose at home is somewhat easier than growing a similar shrub outside, but you still have to put in some effort.
One of the distinctive features of this plant is its absolute inability to grow independently in dry times - in the summer the bush will have to be constantly looked after and all the necessary manipulations must be carried out.
Otherwise, the risk of the plant being damaged by pests increases, which can destroy a Chinese rose in just two days. First things first.
It is extremely difficult to understand the types and varieties of this attractive plant, since there are about 300 varieties of roses.
Moreover, there are varieties artificially bred in the 40-50s of the last century that do not fit into the total number of varieties. To simplify the difference at least a little, a certain classification of the plant should be highlighted:
There is a division of the Chinese rose according to the form of growth, they distinguish
- herbaceous hibiscus,
- shrubby,
- tree hibiscus.
Herbaceous includes varieties:
- swamp,
- hybrid.
The herbaceous species is an annual - its faded buds completely disappear in the autumn, capturing part of the root system. In spring, new buds appear on the lower part of the stem. Flower growers prefer to grow perennial varieties, for which they plant a shrub variety at home and a tree variety at their dacha.
There is also a division according to the shape of the flowers - here they distinguish:
- terry, presented in the form of multilayer flowers. Despite their beauty, they are quite unstable for growing in the Russian climate;
- simple.
Hibiscus varieties are divided into three types:
- original (capable of growing only in their homeland due to acceptable climate),
- frost-resistant (allowing itself to be used for growing in open ground in a temperate climate),
- indoor (only for growing in an apartment).
If we consider the varieties of Chinese roses suitable for cultivation in the Russian climate, the following are distinguished:
How to properly care for hibiscus at home?
If you have ever tried hibiscus tea, then most likely, no, no, but you wondered: what is it made from? It is clear that tea leaves are not capable of providing such a rich taste or such a bright shade. The secret of red hibiscus tea is in the dried flower petals.
This drink is obtained by brewing the petals of a beautiful decorative exotic hibiscus with boiling water. True, to make oriental tea they take a specific type of flower - Sabdarifa, otherwise - Sudanese rose.
Today we will talk about representatives of this genus of plants in general.
Hibiscus, as a botanical group of flora representatives, belongs to the Malvaceae family. Its homeland is tropical regions and temperate regions of Eurasia, Africa, as well as the islands of the Caribbean Sea.
To be more precise, the main growing area of hibiscus covers Southern China, Sri Lanka, Sumatra, and Indonesia. Plants of the genus have several life forms: they can be shrubs, trees, herbaceous crops.
Moreover, among them there are both deciduous and evergreen species.
Hibiscus is capable of reaching a height of 3 m, without necessarily being a woody form. It has petiolate leaves located alternately on the central shoot.
The plant is beautifully flowering, as it produces large reproductive organs from 10 to 16 cm in diameter. Hibiscus flowers are formed at the top of the stem and are always solitary.
Their interesting feature is that the long stamens grow together into a tube.
The decorative crop is very popular among flower growers, despite the fact that the flowers of most species bloom for only a day, after which they fade, and are replaced by new, no less charming reproductive organs. But the flowering period lasts more than six months.
Types of hibiscus with description
Hibiscus is cultivated as a garden and indoor plant. The first in our country is possible only in the southern and southeastern regions, where the climate is as close as possible to the tropical. Here, garden hibiscus delights the eyes of those around with its gorgeous flowers from June until the frosts.
If you live further north, do not despair: indoor plant options are always at your service. As a rule, three types of exotic shrubby forms are suitable for cultivation at home: Chinese hibiscus, Syrian hibiscus and dissected hibiscus.
Chinese hibiscus is the most popular variety of this plant.. It is also called Chinese rose. Just don’t confuse it with a real Chinese rose: these plants have nothing in common. The native range of the Chinese city is East Asia and the Pacific Islands. It came to European territory at the end of the 17th century. It is an evergreen shrub up to 3 m in height.
But this applies to the wild form. Indoor and greenhouse options are much more compact. The Chinese arsenal includes oval or ovate-elongated leaves of dark green color with a glossy surface, jagged edge and large flowers of various colors, mainly orange, red, pink, yellow; semi-double or single. The plant blooms from March to November.
Syrian hibiscus or Syrian rose - deciduous species with smaller flowers, similar to the reproductive organs of mallow, that is, having petals of a silky texture with darkening at the base and a “shaggy” center formed by stamens. The color of the flowers is also different: pink, variegated, purple, white, lilac - it all depends on the variety. There are varieties with simple and double flowers.
Dissected hibiscus. The birthplace of the flower is Central Asia. Has a high tendency to grow. It is the owner of scarlet flowers up to 5 cm in diameter, the petals of which are bent and look like ostrich feathers. This is an evergreen plant.
How to properly feed Hibiscus?
Throughout the growing season, the crop is provided with abundant watering. The drying of the top layer of the substrate signals the need for regular soil moisture. In winter, if the room temperature does not rise above +14º, or is even at lower positions, the soil is kept in moderate moisture mode.
The active growth phase is a great time for regular feeding. They are carried out using mineral fertilizers containing nitrogen once a month. Special complex fertilizers are also good. The frequency of their application is once every 3 weeks. In winter, the soil under the plant is also fertilized, but exclusively with phosphorus-potassium complexes in half the dose, monthly.
Transplantation of Chinese Hibiscus is carried out in the spring, at the end of April - beginning of May. This usually involves transferring adult specimens into a larger pot. The substrate is formed from 2 parts of turf, 1 part of humus soil and 1 part of sand. It is not forbidden to add a small amount of peat and bone meal. A good drainage layer is placed at the bottom of the pot.
The plant is propagated mainly by cuttings. They are separated with a knife, noting that the shoot is about 10 cm, with 2-3 leaves. A drainage layer is placed at the bottom of the container. After planting the cuttings in the ground, cover it with film. After 2 weeks the shoot should take root.
Hibiscus is susceptible to attacks by spider mites and aphids. They should be combated using special preparations.