Frame technology construction is becoming very popular in Russia. If in the West people buy ready-made houses, then our fellow citizens love to build with their own hands. The main question in the case of a frame frame: “Which insulation is best for frame house?».
Properties of insulation
Mineral wool
Generally speaking, there is no clear opinion that this or that material is the most best insulation for a frame house, no. There are several most popular options, and all have their own advantages and disadvantages.
In addition, there are a lot of myths about various thermal insulation materials, generated as a result of advertising wars and simple ignorance, as well as stupidity. We will also list them.
Let's start with one of the most common. This is a material that is fibers made from rocks basalt group, glass industry waste or other slags.
According to its characteristics, this material is a highly effective heat insulator, while environmental and fire safety does not cause any complaints.
Here are some characteristics of mineral wool:
- Thermal conductivity ranges from 0.035 to 0.068 W/m×K depending on the class and type of material. This allows us to classify this heat insulator as one of the most effective means to block the path of heat transfer from one body to another by conduction;
- Hygroscopicity is about 1%. This is a very low level of moisture absorption, but do not delude yourself: the amount of steam and water that accumulates between the fibers of the insulation is not taken into account here, but only that which is absorbed directly by the material itself;
- Density ranges from 30 to 100 kg/m³. This characterizes mineral wool as a fairly dense material capable of maintaining its shape throughout long period time;
- The melting point of the fibers is about 1000 °C. Complete fire safety, the material does not burn. This allows cotton wool to be used as an insulator for chimney pipes, stoves, fireplaces and boilers.
So, we see that mineral wool is a good answer to the question: “What insulation should I choose for a frame house?” Especially when you consider that the installation of this material is not difficult and does not require the participation of complex equipment, highly qualified professionals or expensive tools.
Regarding glass wool and stone wool There is a common myth: it cakes and crumples quickly, and needs to be changed frequently. This is complete nonsense. At correct installation lasts up to 50 years. Moreover, the instructions do not require any complex manipulations or labor-intensive work.
If you hired “builders” from a neighboring yard, be offended at yourself. They can save time and effort by spreading the joists so the mats can be inserted easily. Also, cotton wool is often attached incorrectly, according to the principle “it hangs and it’s good.”
These manifestations of carelessness should be stopped immediately and the team of workers should be changed. It is also necessary to choose the right vapor barrier materials.
Important! Mineral wool requires the right technology installation and vapor barrier. Only in this case will it serve you faithfully for a long time.
Foam plastic
Polystyrene foam and its variety, polystyrene foam, are perhaps the most popular materials for insulation. frame houses.
The fact is that abroad, and more recently here too, the market for building materials for frame houses is confidently filled with sandwich panels. This is not surprising, since in all respects this is a truly convenient and effective solution.
A sandwich panel is a wall slab (or roofing slab, or any other) that consists of insulation pressed between double-sided sheathing made of plastic, fiberboard, OSB, PVC or metal. Canadian SIP panels, where polystyrene foam is used as insulation, have become classics of modern sandwich panels.
Polystyrene foam has very low thermal conductivity, weighs very little and is very easy to install. He's got enough low price. In principle, this is enough to choose this insulation.
But there are several “buts” that are usually mentioned when discussing this material. The first “but”: the foam burns.
- Firstly, when we build a house from wood, as in the case of a frame house, does it really matter whether only the house or the house and its insulation burn down in a fire?
- Secondly, polystyrene foam does not burn as well as is commonly thought. Try it, set fire to a SIP panel without using gasoline, and you will understand what we are talking about.
- In fact, the main danger is the toxic smoke that foam produces when burning. For this purpose, during the construction of frame houses, a window is provided in each room, and in the event of a fire, self-extinguishing is prohibited.
The second “but”: mice eat polystyrene foam.
- Firstly, mice do not eat it, but build burrows and nests there. This is not bread, cheese or grain, they will not eat your house.
- Secondly, rodents build nests in any insulation material, and they especially love mineral wool. It’s logical, where it’s warm, there’s a nest.
- Today there are a lot effective ways get rid of rodents, from ultrasound to powerful poisons, impregnations and other means.
The third “but”: the foam allows heat to pass through the edges.
- Firstly, the foam does not let anything through. They allow gaps left by incompetent installers to pass through. All joints must be processed polyurethane foam, and no problems.
- Secondly, polystyrene foam is perhaps the most stable type of insulation, which does not wrinkle, get knocked down or deteriorate. And does not absorb moisture. What else do you need? Once again: foam plastic doesn’t let anything through, it just physically can’t, even if it wants to.
Advice! Thanks to its low weight and simplified installation, foam plastic is convenient for insulating a loggia or balcony, where you don’t have much choice with other materials.
Polyurethane foam
Polyurethane foam is one of the most effective thermal insulation materials. Its thermal conductivity is 0.019 – 0.03 W/m×K, which is lower than most materials common in this industry.
But that's not all its advantages.
- Firstly, it is gas-filled plastic, in which air makes up up to 97% of the volume. In addition, the gas tanks are hermetically sealed, making the thermal insulation particularly effective and stable.
- Secondly, this material does not absorb moisture. As you know, water conducts heat quite well and reduces the quality of any insulation in which it accumulates.
- Thirdly, polyurethane foam creates a seamless monolithic hermetic coating, which simply does not have weak points and cold bridges. This is an important quality.
Finally, this material has excellent adhesion to the surface on which it is applied. In no case will it crumple, sag or crumple.
Add to this its complete chemical inertness, environmental friendliness, fire safety- and you will get almost perfect insulation. The only weak point is that he is afraid ultraviolet radiation. However, it is easy to protect against it with any coating.
The main disadvantage of polyurethane foam is the method of its application and the cost of the material. It refers to those that are applied like polyurethane foam using special equipment. Such work should be carried out by a trained specialist wearing a chemical protective suit and a respirator.
This fact negates the possibility self-installation using improvised means, and significantly increases the cost of insulation. For many consumers, it is the cost and opportunity independent work are the determining factors when choosing material for insulating a house.
Otherwise, the polyurethane foam does not cause any complaints. It can be called the material of choice; we can only hope that in the future such technologies will become more accessible to our consumers.
Conclusion
There is no clear leader among materials for insulating frame houses. All insulation materials have pros and cons; you have to choose based on capabilities and preferences. In the video presented in this article you will find additional information on this topic.
Popularity frame structures due to a number of advantages:
- simplicity and ease of installation work;
- environmental friendliness of building materials;
- affordable price.
When constructing such houses special attention pay attention to thermal insulation load-bearing structure. Timely measures taken to insulate the walls of the building will ensure comfortable living not only in summer period, but also in severe winter.
Considering the high heat loss prefabricated structures, insulation work represents important stage construction. In order to reduce the cost of heating a building, not only the roof, ceilings and floors are subject to thermal insulation, but also, first of all, the walls.
Thermal insulation materials for construction market presented in all their diversity. Almost any insulation requires the installation of an additional layer in the form of vapor barrier and waterproofing, the main purpose of which is to protect against moisture. It is important to remember that condensation can form both inside and outside the building. A superdiffusion membrane is laid on the outside, acting as a protective barrier against wind and moisture. From the outside, the heat insulator is covered with a sealed vapor barrier film. An air gap is left between the insulation and the insulated surface. It will ensure ventilation of the insulation, which in turn will have a positive effect on its service life and thermal insulation properties.
When constructing the main frame, it is necessary to take into account the dimensions of the selected heat insulator. It must fit tightly into the structure and completely fill interior space, thereby creating an airtight layer. This is the only way to achieve high-quality thermal insulation of a building.
Choice of insulation
Thermal insulators are usually divided into two large groups - materials of synthetic and organic origin. The last of them include peat, shavings - everything that is easily flammable, burns and absorbs water. Much more practical and reliable in use and operation synthetic materials. The second group consists of polystyrene foam, mineral wool, polystyrene foam and glass wool. They retain heat well and are less fire hazardous compared to peat or shavings. IN lately insulation has become relevant frame walls sprayed materials. However, first things first.
General requirements for thermal insulation:
- vapor permeability, eliminating the possibility of moisture accumulation in the insulating layer;
- ability to withstand low temperatures;
- water resistance;
- high thermal insulation rates;
- environmental friendliness;
- density (the heat insulator should not put a large load on the lightweight structure).
Polystyrene foam sparks debate among experienced builders and novice craftsmen about the wisdom of using it for construction purposes. Some are attracted by the low cost of the heat insulator, others are confused by the fact that it releases toxic substances when ignited. From a fire safety point of view, insulating the walls and partitions of a frame house with foam boards is not the best solution.
Foam plastic, as well as its analogue extruded polystyrene, is characterized by low vapor permeability. Thermal insulators do not allow the walls to breathe, thereby creating a “thermos” effect. It is for these reasons that these insulation materials are more often used when constructing foundations in the ground.
Indispensable when carrying out insulation works and mineral wool material. It is made from raw materials of inorganic origin and has various names:
- stone wool;
- basalt wool;
- slag board;
- glass wool
The advantage of using the first two materials is their non-flammability, excellent thermal insulation properties, and long service life. In addition, there are additional advantages:
- environmental friendliness;
- biological and chemical resistance;
- resistance to temperature changes;
- minimal shrinkage during operation;
- water-repellent properties.
Thanks to its technical specifications, the heat insulator is ideally suited and successfully used in the arrangement frame structures. Moisture entering the insulating layer does not stay there, but comes out, thereby extending the service life of the minislab. What density should the insulation be for? Optimal indicator- 35-50 kg/m3.
Fiberglass is made from glass (or its waste) and is produced in the form of rolls. It is necessary to work with glass wool in compliance with safety precautions, wearing a respirator, a protective suit and gloves. It is not recommended to use low-density mats; the minimum value should be 15 kg/m3.
Significant disadvantages:
- shrinks, which leads to the formation of voids and gaps;
- absorbs moisture well.
The characteristics of glass wool do not meet the requirements listed above; therefore, many builders give preference to other insulation materials. Slag slabs are also not in demand and are used less and less in private housing construction. Reason for this:
- easily deformed;
- are not environmentally friendly;
- absorb moisture, as a result of which they quickly lose their heat-insulating properties.
From all of the above, we can draw a general conclusion - basalt wool occupies a predominant position today.
Found mine wide application in construction, the technology of insulation with polyurethane foam (similar to polyurethane foam). Sealed coverage is achieved by high pressure and foaming the material itself. It easily fills all niches, gaps and cracks. Polyurethane foam meets all requirements: does not absorb water, has high thermal insulation, and does not support combustion.
Cost of thermal insulation
The total price of insulating the walls of a frame house is calculated taking into account:
1. building area;
2. quantity of material required;
3. type of insulation;
4. by whom and how the work is carried out (independently or by professionals).
The technology of spraying polyurethane foam for its implementation requires special equipment. For this reason, work is usually carried out by professionals. An order volume of less than 100 m2 of polyurethane foam with a density of 40 kg/m3 will cost around 750 rubles per m2. Accordingly, the more layers, the higher the costs (both for work and for the material itself). The cost of installation (pouring penoizol) is from 1,500 rubles and above.
Depending on the density of the foam, its price varies from 1,150 to 3,590 rubles per 1 m 3. Market prices for penoplex (density 31-35) are in the range of 3,700 - 3,900 rubles per m 3. A mini-slab of the basalt group (sq. 50-75) can be purchased for 1,680 rubles/m3.
Insulation with mineral wool
The first stage - sheathing wooden frame OSB board. The sheets are laid in such a way that their joining occurs on the load-bearing beams. A compensating gap of 5 mm is left between the plates. The interior finishing of the walls is carried out after laying the vapor barrier material.
The second stage is filling the niches with mineral wool insulation. The resulting space from the outside is filled with mineral wool in three layers, the thickness of which is 10, 5, 5 cm. A sheathing of wooden slats is filled on top of the insulating layer.
The third stage involves laying special windproof film followed by securing it using a construction stapler. A ventilated gap between the outer skin and the vapor barrier is a mandatory layer in common system. Therefore, a sheathing of wooden blocks is built on top of the membrane. The last stage is covering with OSB boards, plastering and finishing the walls.
If there are “men with hands” in the family who know how to work with simple tools, frame house you can assemble it yourself at suburban area. But in order to live in a frame house all year round, without fear of cold and heat, its walls will need to be insulated with thermal insulation materials.
Insulation of walls in frame structure can be produced using polystyrene foam, ecowool, a mixture of straw and clay, sawdust concrete, and others bulk materials. One of the most popular insulation materials for frame houses today are slabs made of basalt fiber.
The reason for its popularity is simple: firstly, this material is non-flammable, which is very important for wooden house. Secondly, it retains heat perfectly, at the same time it is vapor permeable, environmentally friendly (completely harmless to humans and animals), and also very durable (manufacturers provide a guarantee for the product for at least 50 years). Another advantage is the ease of working with this insulation. Mineral wool boards are lightweight, easy to cut, not friable during processing, do not emit any harmful odors, retain their shape well, do not sag or wrinkle over the years.
Basalt insulation is not susceptible to mold, attacks by rodents and insects, and therefore is well suited for insulating floors along joists, insulating walls and roofs.
Modern thermal insulation based on basalt fiber reduces construction costs, since the installation of lightweight heat-saving slabs does not require strengthening the foundation and supporting structures.
Basalt insulation maintains a comfortable microclimate indoors: the air is evenly heated in all rooms, and natural ventilation of the air layers occurs. In summer, insulated walls keep the building cool well, saving residents from the heat; in winter, they retain heat for a long time, saving costs on heating the home.
Fibers protect load-bearing enclosing structures from temperature changes, extending the life of the building, and also perform a soundproofing function.
If the listed advantages seem attractive to you, and you want to insulate the walls of a frame house yourself, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with the tips on using new generation thermal insulation materials from the TechnoNIKOL Company, created on the basis of a biopolymer binder.
Installation rules
Reliably insulate country house can be done by observing the following sequence of layers:
The first layer from the inside - a reinforced vapor barrier film - is designed to protect against internal moisture. It is rolled out from a roll and secured with a stapler with inside wooden on butyl rubber tape - in places adjacent to wooden beams. The joints of the vapor barrier are taped with tape.
Note that the vapor barrier of the insulation on the room side is a strictly required element of the proposed system. The main task of this layer is to protect insulating mats from penetration of damp warm air inside the material. Therefore, it is important that the vapor barrier layer is sealed and continuous, without cracks or breaks. The film sheets must be glued together; The vapor barrier must fit tightly to adjacent elements and structures. During installation and during interior decoration This thin layer should be protected from any mechanical damage, punctures and scratches.
The second stage is to lay thermal insulation slabs, which are tightly fixed between the posts of the wooden frame (the master takes measurements and cuts the slabs to fit right size). The width of the cut material should be 1-2 cm wider than the distance between the frame posts. Due to their elasticity, stone wool slabs stand up well and do not require additional fixation.
For better heat retention, such insulation is usually installed in two layers, with the slabs of each new layer offset relative to each other by half their length (to eliminate cold bridges). The thickness of the insulation is calculated depending on the region of construction.
To protect against external influences the slabs are covered with a TECHNONICOL hydro-windproof membrane, which is attached to the frame posts with a stapler. The membrane layers at the joints are fixed to each other using adhesive tape.
Before installing the façade facing material on work surface the counter-batten is fixed, a marker is used to mark the level for installation finishing. At the end, the façade is faced with any decorative panels(siding, block house), the installation of which occurs from bottom to top.
Installation can be carried out both from the inside out and vice versa: first install the external cladding, and then install the thermal insulation from the side of the room. The last option is most preferable in conditions Russian climate- due to the danger of sudden rain. During installation thermal insulation boards It is recommended to protect from exposure to precipitation.
Stone wool slabs should be protected from moisture during storage. Therefore, packs of basalt insulation should be stored strictly under a canopy, or in covered warehouses. Installation is best done after external walls already covered with wind- and moisture-proof film and finishing material. In the case of installation on the outside of the building, it is important to carry out work with grips to eliminate the possibility of the product getting wet during rainfall.
The solution described above from the TechnoNIKOL company is environmentally friendly, fireproof, excellent heat saving stone wool material is easy to implement with your own hands; It is easy to use and will last for many years without repair.
The answer to the question of which insulation is best for a frame house still causes a lot of disagreement among both professionals and ordinary residents.
A frame house is a comfortable and reliable housing with an excellent appearance, the walls of which consist of a frame sheathed finishing materials, and insulation is laid between them.
Which one thermal insulation material is it better to use for a future home?
Should you only insulate the walls to save money, or should you think about further comfortable living in your home?
Let's try to figure it out and find the best solutions.
Why do you need insulation?
As sad statistics say, about 50% of the heat indoors is lost. Most of the population does not even think about the fact that they are throwing money away, although in our time this is quite an impressive amount.
Why is this happening? The reason is clear and simple. During the construction of the building, due attention was not paid to the issue of thermal insulation.
Yes, the customer spends less funds at the construction stage, but in the future he will regret his decision.
After all, it is thermal insulation that ensures comfort in the house and allows you to significantly reduce energy costs, thereby saving the family budget.
Insulation materials provide:
- saving building materials;
- comfortable living in the house;
- reduction in heating costs;
- reduction in air conditioning costs;
- effective sound insulation;
- long-term service life of building structures;
- emissions minimization harmful substances into the environment.
To ensure maximum effect from using insulating materials, you should choose them carefully and wisely, and follow all the advice when working with them.
Now let's talk about whether it is worth insulating the house from the outside or from the inside. Both options have the right to life.
If you want to reduce the thermal conductivity of walls and eliminate problems that may arise in connection with this in the future, you should focus on external insulation.
In this case, you need to select materials for vertical mounting. If you have expressed a desire to insulate the room from the inside, you need to calculate the dew point value for housing. But it is still not recommended to insulate walls from the inside.
When planning home insulation, some people think about do-it-yourself thermal insulation. In this case, certain factors need to be taken into account:
- condition of the base;
- characteristics of the area;
- operating features;
- quality of building materials.
It is worth noting that the services of craftsmen will cost more than thermal insulation on our own, but turning to professionals guarantees a successful result.
In this case, try not to save, as in the future you can save much more.
Now let's move on to no less important issue– choice of insulation. How to understand what is the best insulation for a frame house?
IN frame construction The choice of insulation is one of the most important and serious issues.
Each type of insulation has certain properties. It is important that the thermal insulation serves for many years. Today, several categories of insulation are known:
- natural (organic);
- synthetic (inorganic).
Natural insulation materials have been used since ancient times. TO organic materials include natural substances: peat, straw, shavings, sawdust, clay, tyrsa, etc.
Organic insulation is environmentally cleaner than synthetic insulation.
But it should be noted that for insulation modern houses These materials are rarely used due to low moisture resistance and energy saving.
Inorganic materials include:
- mineral wool;
- wood fiber wool;
- ecowool;
- cork covering;
- foam;
- polyurethane foam;
- expanded clay
Within the framework of the article, it is necessary to consider the advantages and disadvantages of all popular materials for insulation.
Insulation: mineral wool, ecowool and cork
Mineral wool is a high-quality, good insulation material that is very popular today.
For insulation, mats in the form of compressed slabs are used. They are easy to install: easy to cut to the desired size using a saw or knife, fireproof, lightweight, good thermal insulation and sound insulation, durable.
But still, mineral wool also has its drawbacks, the main one of which is the presence of substances harmful to health (formaldehyde).
In order to avoid the penetration of particles into the room when installing mineral wool insulation, the walls from the inside are covered with special films.
Mineral wool is susceptible to the destructive effects of moisture: in this case, half of its thermal insulation functions may be lost.
To avoid this, when insulating walls, openings should be protected with waterproofing materials.
Two types of mineral wool are popular: basalt wool and glass wool.
Basalt wool fibers can withstand quite high temperature(over 1000° C). Basalt wool fireproof, does not absorb moisture, perfectly retains heat in the house.
This type of mineral wool comes in the form of slabs or rolls, which are used not only for insulating frame houses, but also in the construction of stone and brick dwellings.
Glass wool is fireproof, easy to install, can quickly absorb moisture, but just as quickly release it (if there is a special ventilation gap).
Glass wool is safe for human body, but during the insulation process it is worth taking precautions. Resistant to mold.
If you know and follow all the rules, insulation with mineral wool - suitable way to build a good house.
Wood fiber wool is used for houses with high requirements for environmental cleanliness. The thickness of the layer of such cotton wool is from 16 to 20 cm. It has the shape rigid slabs, which are made from cellulose fibers and tree resin.
Ecowool is a natural insulation material, the main component of which is cellulose treated with boric and brown acids.
These substances are non-toxic, so the house will be environmentally protected clean materials. The material does not rot, resists fire, is a good insulator of heat and sound, the thermal insulation layer has no voids, seams, or cold bridges.
The disadvantage of ecowool insulation is mandatory application special equipment. Today ecowool is one of the the best materials for thermal insulation.
Cork is a widely used type. internal insulation frame houses. It is made on the basis of cork oak bark, which has a wide palette of colors and allows the consumer to choose the desired shade.
This coating has a number of advantages: attractive appearance, absolute safety for health, the material is not subject to combustion or absorption unpleasant odors, antistatic, suitable for wet cleaning.
Disadvantage cork covering is quite high cost. The coating can be used to insulate facades and floors.
Materials for insulation: polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam and expanded clay
Polystyrene foam is a rather ancient, but popular insulation material for frame houses. In the last century - the best insulation (but sometimes the only one).
Polystyrene foam has a number of advantages: low cost, lightness, does not absorb moisture, and is easy to use.
When laying polystyrene foam, no additional protection is required (moisture-absorbing films). Due to this, the cost of installing the material is not as high as other insulation materials.
Polystyrene foam has a number of significant disadvantages, the main of which are its flammability (when it ignites, toxic substances are released), low noise insulation, and fragility (requires careful handling and checking for damage).
Still, polystyrene foam as an insulation material is popular among consumers. Most often it is popular when insulating frame houses, for which minimum cost is a key issue.
Polyurethane foam is a type of plastic. It belongs to the category of sprayed substances and has a foamy structure.
Remove polyurethane foam directly onto construction site by mixing several components that enter into a chemical reaction.
This process can be hazardous to health as toxic substances are released during the reaction. Therefore, work must be done in overalls.
The material has high fire resistance, is resistant to changes in temperature and humidity, has a service life of at least 20 - 30 years, and is environmentally friendly for the human body after hardening. The structure of polyurethane foam allows you to choose the density of insulation for your home.
The main disadvantages of this material are the high cost and the need to use special equipment during the insulation process.
Expanded clay is one of the bulk insulation materials for frame houses (granules light weight, which are obtained as a result of firing clay).
The advantages of expanded clay as insulation include:
- absence of harmful toxins;
- sound insulation;
- thermal insulation;
- not exposed to fire;
- does not collapse at low temperatures;
- durability;
- relatively low cost.
Bulk insulation is not resistant to moisture, so only highly qualified craftsmen can work with them. When backfilling, the materials must be compacted well so that they do not settle after a while.
Expanded clay is the ideal material for floor insulation.
How to choose the right insulation?
Let's try to answer the question: what material is better to use for insulating a frame house?
Let us highlight the main criteria when choosing insulating material:
- thermal insulation functions;
- environmental friendliness;
- material price;
- durability;
- fire resistance.
If the main goal when building your house is reliable housing for a relatively small amount, then you should choose polystyrene foam or mineral wool.
If you are concerned about the naturalness of the material, then the best insulation is ecowool, and cork is perfect for internal insulation.
Other insulation materials have more disadvantages and are inferior to these materials.
In addition to the main material for building a house, one should not forget about the use of various films, which are an integral part of the insulation process and help protect the house from environmental influences.
What needs to be insulated in a frame house? Inexperienced customers, in order to save money when building housing, agree only to insulate the walls.
One of the most wonderful options for own housing is a frame house. This is an excellent and comfortable home and is also quite economical to build. However, the matter is not limited to construction. It is necessary to finish the house thoroughly and insulate it, because comfort will depend on this. Among the main features of a frame house, one can highlight the fact that the insulation of the walls occurs directly during construction - this is caused, first of all, by its design.
How to insulate a frame house: choice of materials
Initially, you should decide what material needs to be used as insulation in the wall pie. For this there are the most various materials. The best ones for this activity are:
You can do the insulation of a frame house yourself
Basic requirements for insulation for the walls of a frame house
- It is best to choose insulation from environmentally friendly material so that it does not harm human health.
- It must be resistant to moisture accumulation, as well as fire.
- Ease of installation of insulation on the building frame.
- The ratio of quality and price insulation.
- Fire safety.
- Low thermal conductivity.
- Strength and resistance to mechanical damage.
Wall insulation technologies
They may be different, but among them the main technologies can be distinguished:
- Thermal insulation using slab materials (foam, mineral wool, etc.).
- Sprayed thermal insulation. This type insulation is still quite rarely used due to its novelty. However, it is quite effective. In this case, polyurethane foam is used as insulation. The application process is similar to working with polyurethane foam.
- Backfill technology. IN in this case insulation is carried out using cellulose fiber, as well as other backfill materials.
- Can also be used combined options. The following scheme can often be used: mineral wool is laid inside, polystyrene foam is placed on the outside, and then plaster.
The procedure for external insulation work
When carrying out work, precise insulation technology plays a primary role. Any factors that can provide a positive final result of insulation should be taken into account, including reasons that can lead to a negative result.
- Hanging method of insulation. In this case, the frame is attached to the wall, and waterproofing is attached directly to the surface. It can be pasted and painted. When painting waterproofing, the walls are coated with bitumen after priming. For the pasting option, using bitumen mastic, waterproofing is attached roll material, insulation, waterproofing, glass felt. Then tapes or slabs of roll insulation are attached to the cells of the frame using special glue or mounting dowels.
At the end of the work outside the frame is finished with decorative slabs or panels. As a result, it can be made of fiber cement, composite, plastic, metal, porcelain stoneware and so on.
Foam plastic is the most cheap insulation for walls
The main advantage of suspended insulation is the ventilation system, which eliminates the appearance and accumulation of condensation in the insulating layer.
- Wet insulation method. This method is cheap, but at the same time quite labor-intensive methods. Using polymer glue, insulation boards are attached to the wall, after which the reinforcing mesh is fastened with dowels, and then laid on it. decorative plaster. This coating is also called “light” plaster.
- There is also “heavy” plaster. It will be more complex, but in its reliability and durability it will surpass the “light” one. It is done like this: insulation boards are attached to the wall using dowels, after which the reinforcing mesh is fixed using blocking plates.
Insulating a house with fiberboard slabs
Then comes the first layer of plaster. It dries within 24 hours and they are done. expansion joints. Next comes the second, as well as a leveling layer, in which temperature-shrinkage seams should be present. The last decorative one, where dyes are added, is applied after five days.
- Spraying liquid insulation. This method is the most progressive and modern. Spraying of polyurethane foam is carried out using special installation. The peculiarity is that performance such insulation is an order of magnitude higher, and the cost is equal to average insulation. After polyurethane foam, almost any coating can be used as decoration, including hanging panels.
- Cladding method. This option is the most expensive, but also the most decorative. Cladding with materials can be done on the wall of the building, as well as on top of the insulation. With the second method, the quality of insulation will be much better, but it is necessary to provide high-quality ventilation.
The insulation is applied by spraying
- When performing work, it is important to strictly follow the insulation scheme.
- in multi-layer systems, you need to make sure that there is sufficient ventilation so that the internal insulating layer does not become damp and therefore does not collapse.
Internal insulation of frame house walls
Sometimes situations arise where it is unacceptable. In this case, it is necessary to use internal thermal insulation. For this work, the same materials can be used as outside, however, mineral wool and glass wool are rarely used due to the complexity of installation. In most cases, extruded polystyrene foam is used, as well as sprayed materials: ecowool, polyurethane, penoizol.
Installation of a vapor barrier layer
Sheathing inner surface walls are produced in various ways. You can perform insulation using reinforced plaster, then putty and finally wallpaper or paint.
Insulation of a frame house from the inside
Can also be used finishing panels made of lining, MDF and plastic. The most common option is upholstery with sheets of plasterboard, after which a decorative coating is applied.
Materials such as penoizol and polyurethane foam are also used. Penoizol can be applied to surfaces of various configurations; it is able to fill all irregularities and defects. It is environmentally friendly and resistant to fire, but the main difficulty in its application is that a special foam filling machine is required.
Read about the features in the next article.