Kandyk, or dog's tooth, is an original early spring bulbous plant of the lily family. The Greek name is erythronium, which comes from the word “erythros”, which means “red”, and apparently this was the color of the first plants found. There are 25 known species of erythronium. Habitat - on open areas cool, light, moist forests of the temperate and subtropical zones of the Northern Hemisphere, some species are found in alpine meadows and mountain tundras. Most species grow in North America. Kandyk is distinguished by its unpretentiousness, frost resistance and high decorative compatibility with other bulbous flowers.
Narcissiflora Anemone - Anemone narcissiflora Inhabits high mountain meadows, often on limestone, in Colorado, north-central Wyoming, Alaska and the Aleutian Islands. Also found in central and southern Europe. The basal leaves are deeply dissected with pubescent stems up to 10-40 cm tall. The whitish to lemon yellow flowers appear from early June to mid-August, sometimes turning bright pink on the outside. The flowers have yellow stamens and can be solitary or in numbers from 3 to 8. The fruit is smooth, round with smooth black seeds.
Primula pruhoniciana - Primula x pruhoniciana hort. Variety Betty Greene Primula pruhoniciana - Рrimula x pruhoniciana hort. This name combines a group of varieties distinguished by early and very abundant flowering, rounded shiny leaves, which in some varieties have a brownish tint. Often these varieties and hybrids are classified as Juliae Hybrids. They bloom in March–April. The best varieties: Betty Greene - velvet-carmine flowers, Blue Rihaub - bluish-violet, Flens-burg - light yellow leaves in spring and very large pink-carmine flowers, Snow Blossom - soft cream flowers, etc.
ADONIS (ADONIS) fam. Ranunculaceae The plant is named after the Assyrian god Adon. The decorative qualities of Adonis were appreciated only in late XVII century, and since then it has become a popular ornamental plant in gardens and parks. Homeland - temperate regions of Eurasia. About 20 (45) species are known. Annual and perennial herbaceous plants with simple or branched stems. The leaves are repeatedly pinnately or palmately divided into narrow lobes. The flowers are bright, yellow or red, solitary, located at the ends of the shoots; outer tepals of 5-8, inner tepals of 5-24 lobes; pistils are numerous.
Primula cardifolia Perennial with a short oblique rhizome and a tuft of brownish roots. The height of the plant is about 10 cm. The leaves are long-petiolate, light green, ovate-rounded with a heart-shaped base, large-crowned along the edge. The length of the leaves with petiole is about 10 cm, and leaf blade- about 3 cm. The flowers are violet-lilac, up to 3 cm in diameter, located one at a time on thin pedicels up to 10-15 cm high. Flower tube up to 2 cm long. Flower petals with a deep notch. Flowering begins in April, when the leaves have not yet unfolded, and continues until mid-late May. Sometimes observed in autumn re-blooming However, only a few flowers open. One of the most shade-tolerant and unpretentious primroses in culture. The varieties are united under the name Juliae Hybrids (Dark Juliae, Lilac Juliae, etc.).
Primula Sibthorpii - Primula Sibthorpii Hoffmsgg. (Primula vulgaris subsp. sibthorpii) Grows wild in the Caucasus, the Balkans and Asia Minor. Leaves are obovate, petiolate. The arrow does not develop; cetonose 12-14 cm long; corolla pinkish-lilac, 3-5 cm in diameter. Blooms profusely, 20-25.V for 30-35 days; bears fruit.
Rezuha Arabis - Pink variety (var. rosea hort.) Alpine Arabis - A. alpina L. = Arabis flaviflora Bunge In nature, it grows in the Polar Urals, the Far East, Northern Scandinavia, the highlands of Western Europe and North America. Perennial plant up to 35 cm tall. Generative shoots are ascending, vegetative shoots are strongly branched, pressed to the ground, in the form of thin lashes, forming cushion-shaped clumps that do not die off in the winter. The basal leaves are oval, the stem leaves are heart-shaped, arrow-shaped, stem-embracing, grayish. The flowers are white or pink, up to 1 cm in diameter, fragrant, collected in a racemose inflorescence up to 5 cm long. Blooms in April - May for 25-30 days. Fruits in July. The fruit is a pod. The garden form of Schneehaube (f. schneehaube) is 10-25 cm high. The flowers are white, up to 2 cm in diameter, collected in a racemose inflorescence up to 15 cm long. Blooms in April for 25-30 days. In addition, it has a double variety (var. flore-pleno hort.), which is morphologically not much different from the original one, but its inflorescences are much larger and resemble the inflorescences of gillyflower. Flowers up to 2 cm in diameter. Blooms profusely from early May to mid-June. Pink variety (var. rosea hort.) - see photo, plant up to 20 cm tall, with pink flowers up to 2 cm in diameter. Inflorescences up to 12 cm long. Blooms from the end of April for 30-35 days.
Tulip Tulipa bifolia Multi-flowered tulip Tulipa bifolia A species tulip native to Central Asia. Several flowers on one peduncle. Light aroma. Prefers to be planted in a sunny place. Tulipa turkestanica - The Turkestan tulip is completely different from this one. It has a different shape and color of leaves, a single low peduncle.
Draba evergreen - Draba aizoides L. = Draba affinis Host = Draba beckeri A.Kern. (ssp.) Grows on limestone and dolomite mountain slopes in Western and Eastern Europe at an altitude of 3600 m. Aizopsis group. Reaches a height of 5-10 cm, forming dense, low evergreen thickets of bright green color. The leaves are collected in a rosette, from which a short stem grows. Clusters of bright yellow flowers appear in March - April. Unpretentious look, develops in any soil, but prefers poor, permeable, gravelly, non-acidic soil. Propagated by seeds and shoots. The seeds fall out quickly, so they are collected gradually as they ripen. Sow in April without any pre-treatment. Shoots appear on the 6th day at a temperature of 20 degrees. Seedlings are planted in separate pots and planted permanently in June.
place. Shoots can be propagated in June-August. Suitable for growing on gravel scree, in flower stone walls, in dry and sunny places, in mini rock gardens. It is winter-hardy without shelter, but does not tolerate stagnation of water in the soil. Tolerates light partial shade, but loves sun.
LAMP, or DREAM-GRASS (PULSATILLA) fam. Ranunculaceae Almost all lumbago look organically in landscaped gardens, in group plantings along the edges of pine and larch forests and forested areas, on open lawns. It is promising to grow them on alpine hills and in rocky gardens. Adult lumbagos do not tolerate transplantation. Perhaps at least this consideration will keep you from wanting to dig up a wild specimen. Not to mention the fact that transplanting lumbago from natural places habitation is strictly prohibited.
Noble liverwort - Hepatica nobilis Mill. = Anemone hepatica Homeland - the European part of Russia, Western Europe, grows wild in the deciduous forests of the Moscow region. It grows in the forest zone in forests of various composition: broad-leaved, small-leaved, coniferous, mixed (spruce-broadleaf and spruce-birch). The primary habitat of the liverwort is considered to be broad-leaved forests. This is a non-moral Eurasian species. The plant has a fairly wide ecological amplitude, can withstand significant shading, but can also grow in completely open places, prefers moderate moisture, avoiding damp and excessively moist places. It is little demanding in relation to soil, but prefers places rich in lime, with well-developed litter. It often grows in soils with a slightly acidic or neutral reaction. Low-growing perennial plant up to 15 cm tall. Leaves are basal on long petioles, broadly triangular, three-lobed, leathery, glabrous or pubescent, dark green, young reddish-violet, obtuse or slightly pointed, overwintering under snow. The flowers are solitary, 2-3 cm or more in diameter, with 3-4 calyx-shaped bracts, on long leafless, pubescent peduncles. The tepals are bluish-purple, less often pink or white. It blooms simultaneously with the unfolding of leaves, in early spring for 20 days. Simultaneously with the appearance of flowers, old leaves gradually die off and are replaced by growing new ones. The fruit is a multi-nut with an appendage rich in oil. The liverwort reproduces primarily by seeds. Seed production from 20 to 64 seeds per shoot. After flowering, the pedicels lengthen and the flowers bend to the ground; the fruits are carried away by ants eating the succulent appendage. In natural habitats, seeds can germinate in the fall. In spring, oval green cotyledons up to 10 mm long develop, with a small notch at the top. The first true leaf appears in the growing season following germination. Its plate is dark green, three-lobed, covered with long silky hairs, like a long reddish petiole. The liverwort blooms in different habitats in the 4th to 7th year, in culture - in the 3rd year. IN natural conditions one mature plant can have 5-12 flowers, in cultivation - up to 150. Pollination occurs with the help of beetles and butterflies that eat pollen, since there is no nectar in the flowers. Liverwort is one of the early flowering plants in our forests; it blooms in April - early May, before new leaves appear. Flowering lasts 3-4 weeks, fruit ripening - 1-1.5 months. Generative organs are formed a year before flowering. By the first half of August, all parts of the flower in the bud are fully formed (tepals, anthers on threads, pistils are noticeable). In October, flowering shoots reach 1 cm in length. In culture since 1440. Has many forms. The most interesting are double ones, with dark blue and pink flowers. rich shade. These plants are characterized by a special splendor of flowering.
TURKESTAN PRIMFLOWER
The liverwort blooms in April, simultaneously with the very first spring flowers - coltsfoot, snowdrop galanthus, wolf's bast. Each of spring primroses They have their own tricks that allow them to start flowering without delay in the spring. The liverwort has at least two such tricks. On the one hand, thanks to the leaves that overwinter in a green state, it has the opportunity to take advantage of the very first rays of the sun. On the other hand, in nature she chooses places where there is a lot of sun before the trees unfurl their leaves. The roots of the plant, I note, lie shallow, in a quickly warmed layer of soil, which is also important.
What seems strange at first glance is that the flowers of the coppice bloom all at once, and not one by one, as many other plants do, and fade very quickly. The explanation for this is simple. The plant is in a hurry to bear fruit faster and throw seeds onto the still damp and bare soil. This way they have a better chance of germinating, which guarantees the flower's survival. It is curious that the erect peduncles of the liverwort lie on the ground after setting fruit. Immediately after flowering, the overwintered leaves of the liverwort wither, but to replace them, by mid-May, new ones grow - shiny, leathery.
Thank you for the photo and description
Nothing pleases a gardener more than primroses, which appear one after another on the site. In some places there is still snow, but the lush greenery of plants with cheerful and bright flowers speaks of the awakening of nature in the best possible way.
Perennial primroses with photos and names
Anemone (Anemone)
Crown Anemone with bright large flowersAnemone or anemone, so nicknamed for its sensitive attitude to the slightest breath of wind, is one of the first to bloom. The leaves of the garden trees and shrubs have not yet blossomed, but the anemone flowers are already swaying on tall stems.
Early flowering allows you to grow anemones under trees, near bushes, near the walls of buildings, which will protect the plant from the wind.
Buttercup and oak anemone, the most common types of plants that are grown in summer cottages as primroses. Anemones bloom at the end of April, their flowering lasts for two to three weeks. The color of the flowers of the oak forest anemone is white, and the buttercup anemone pleases with yellow flowers.
Similar to the plant described above and tender anemone with blue flowers. The smallest anemone (about 10 cm) is very popular among gardeners.
Crown anemone, a representative of warm regions, therefore requires the creation comfortable conditions for wintering. It requires shelter from the foliage of broad-leaved trees (maple, oak). The flowers of this plant are larger; red and white, purple and pink.
The above-ground part of all anemone species dies after flowering a month later. Therefore there will be correct location Next to them are flowers with a later flowering period. With overgrown foliage they will cover the ugliness of withered anemones.
The most accessible and easiest way to propagate a flower is to divide the bush into several parts. Without digging up the entire plant, separate a piece of turf and plant it in the right place. Separated anemone bushes have good survival rate.
Seed propagation implies autumn sowing into the ground, or this is done at home, with preliminary stratification of the planting material. In the first case, flowering will occur in the spring of next year.
Snowdrops
Blooming snowdrops The plant is listed in the Red Book, because due to man’s great love for his person, it was practically uprooted from its habitat.
But the gardener has the opportunity to grow it on his own personal plot, and admire its early flowering.
This unpretentious plant may not need replanting for many years, as it has minimum requirements for soil and growing conditions. In addition, these plants do not like their roots being disturbed, but if such a need arises, this should be done together with a piece of turf. There is no need to free the root system from the old soil.
Galanthus, another name for snowdrop, grows well in a shady place. A few hours of sunlight and moist soil is the minimum the plant needs to start flowering. And the cooler the spring weather, the more abundant and longer the snowdrop will bloom.
After flowering, the leaves should be left to wither on their own; during this period the bulb is stored nutrients for full flowering next spring.
The method of propagation by dividing the bush was discussed above, and propagation by seeds will give results no earlier than in four years.
The following species are most often grown in gardens:
- common snowdrop, a low plant with fragrant flowers;
- Elvis's snowdrop differs in height (up to 50 cm);
- Volkov's snowdrop, originally from Russia. This species has the property of growing very quickly, so the bush needs to be divided every three years.
Flowers of all types are drooping, bell-shaped and white.
Scilla
Scilla is a bulbous perennial that covers the ground with low plants with blue star-shaped flowers. It is the density of planting that achieves the effect of a blue carpet, which looks simply amazing against the backdrop of a gray, uncomfortable garden.
Siberian Scilla most common among gardeners as a primrose used for early decoration garden plot. Due to the fact that the plant is hardy and does not require special care, it can grow in its designated bed for up to 5 years. But in order not to weaken its decorative qualities, the minimum norms of fertilizing should still be applied. And they must consist of a complex containing phosphorus and potassium and nitrogen.
Increasing the area occupied by bluegrass will not require much time and expense. It is enough to separate part of the flower along with the soil, without resorting to completely removing the plant, and transplant it to a new place.
The plants are well adapted; with the arrival of next spring, there will be a new island on the site, reflecting the blue of the sky.
Scilla is also grown from baby bulbs, which quickly ripen and are suitable for forming a full-fledged plant at the age of three.
Reproduction often occurs by self-seeding, so single plantings of scilla can become dense thickets.
Tulips are quite widely used by gardeners to create flower beds, flower beds, and are grown specifically for cutting. And primroses include simple early tulips, as well as double early tulips.
This group of plants is characterized by a small height of 25-40 cm, but due to their early flowering they can often be found in early May at their summer cottage. And they were planted for one purpose: to give the garden charm and bright colors. Especially when most of the site is not yet covered with lush spring greenery.
Tulip is a moisture-loving plant, so in dry spring they need watering. They can be combined with fertilizing; they are added in early spring. nitrogen fertilizers, and during budding and after flowering, phosphorus and potassium additives are used.
After the tulip flower has faded, its calyx should be cut off. leaving the peduncle, it and the remaining leaves will help the bulb to stock up necessary elements nutrition for a safe winter and early flowering in the spring of next year.
Flowers that are used to decorate the garden, and early bloomers are among them, can be left in the ground for several years. In this case, autumn planting of flowers should be carried out to a depth of 25 cm, and more densely, and the soil around should be decorated with evergreen perennials. This will create a more picturesque spring flower garden.
Another beautiful perennial, from the bulbous family, which belongs to the primroses. Blooming at the end of April, it looks great in a small flower garden consisting of early flowering perennials.
The flowering periods of hyacinth are divided into three categories:
- early blooming,
- medium flowering,
- late blooming.
Although it should be noted that the difference between the beginning of flowering of the first category and the last does not exceed 10 days.
The inflorescences of early hyacinths are usually blue in color. Next come pink, white, red flowers. The parade of colors will be completed by plants with yellow and orange caps of inflorescences.
The cooler the spring weather, the longer the hyacinth blooms. If at t +10°C it can be three weeks, then with its increase the flowering period will be reduced by a week.
The flower also has requirements for the composition of the soil. The soil must be fertile, neutral and have good structure and drainage properties. Even a slight stagnation of water in the area where the bulbs are located can lead to their death.
The ground underneath autumn planting hyacinths begin to be processed in advance, introducing organic and mineral fertilizers. The addition of humus, ready-made compost, sand, wood ash.
Planting of hyacinth bulbs begins at the end of September. Large specimens are deepened by 15-20 cm, and for small ones 8-12 cm will be enough. The distance between the bulbs themselves should be 10-15 cm and 5-8 cm, respectively.
The method of planting bulbs in sand is also practiced. Sand is poured into the groove. A layer of 2-3 cm will allow you to fix the bulbs in it, pour more sand on top, and fill the remaining height of the groove with earth. This method will prevent rotting of the bulbs, protect them from infections in the soil, and increase the drainage capacity of the soil.
With the onset of cold weather, mulch the plantings.
Spring maintenance work begins with removing the mulch layer and carefully loosening the resulting crust on the surface and applying fertilizer.
- After the sprouts appear, fertilizing with nitrogen fertilizer follows.
- During the budding period, a complex of mineral fertilizers will help the plant form a strong and bright flower.
- Third, mineral supplement, will allow the bulb to stock up on the necessary elements and safely endure the winter cold.
Narcissus is a bulbous, perennial, early flowering plant.
The height of the plant stem is from 5 cm. ( dwarf species) up to 50 cm, which ends in a white or yellow flower.
It is distinguished by its unpretentious disposition, both in relation to the soil on which it grows and to the light level. It can grow well and develop on sandy soil. Loams are also suitable for growing daffodils. But a minimum amount of the fertilizer complex must still be added to the soil before planting.
Choosing a place to plant a flower is not difficult: sunny or shaded. You should know that if you choose the second option, flowering will last longer.
Bulbs are planted in open ground in September, taking into account that the plants need about three weeks to form a root system. Otherwise, the bulbs will be squeezed out from the depths to the surface of the earth, which will lead to their freezing.
Dividing a bush that already exists on a summer cottage can be done during the period when the narcissus leaves begin to fade.
- Having dug up the bush, you need to select the baby bulbs and discard the sick and damaged ones.
- Transplant the bushes you like to a new place, cutting off the above-ground part.
- It is better to leave a small stump so as not to lose the planting.
Primrose
An unpretentious herbaceous perennial that will enliven any corner of your summer cottage with its bright, varied colors.
Preferring shady places, primrose develops safely and blooms under the crowns garden trees and near ornamental shrubs.
The flowers begin to appear in the first days of May and the plant will receive a sufficient amount of heat and light, because the leaves on the trees have not yet blossomed in full force. And on hot days, the foliage will protect the flower from scorching rays.
The soil for planting flowers should be loose, fertilized, without stagnant water. This will save the gardener from having to apply fertilizer every year.
After 3-4 years, it is advisable to replant the primrose bush. The gardener will have the opportunity to increase plantings, and the plant itself will again be provided with a supply of nutrients for several years to come.
The time of replanting is not critical, but it is better to do it when the plant has flowered.
- The flower is dug up and the roots are washed to determine how best to carry out the division.
- Each separated bush should have its own growing point with two or three leaves and a good bunch of roots.
- After transplantation, the plant should be watered and shaded for several days.
Crocuses
Primroses that withstand any spring changes in weather conditions.
For abundant and lush flowering Crocuses need good lighting. And since they appear practically from under the snow, it is possible to grow them close fruit trees and ornamental shrubs. There is no foliage on the trees yet, and the flower will be fully provided with sunlight.
Crocuses are not picky about soil, but it is necessary to add a small complex of nitrogen and mineral fertilizers to the soil before planting.
An even more important step is to improve the soil structure. It must be moisture permeable. Good drainage will eliminate stagnant water, otherwise the bulb will rot and die.
Crocuses are propagated by bulbous children, which are formed next to the uterine corm. Overgrown plantings of flowers are dug up every 3-4 years, the bulbs are sorted by size, dried in the air, but under a canopy. With the arrival of autumn, they are planted in newly properly prepared soil. Usually the timing of this work falls on the third ten days of September.
Muscari
Muscari, a low ornamental plant with a blue inflorescence similar to a bunch of grapes. The bulbous perennial, to which muscari belongs, can be grown in any corner of the summer cottage.
The flower is light-loving, but it can be grown in the trunks of fruit trees, since flowering will end before the foliage creates a shadow over it.
A flower can grow in one place for many years. This involves high-quality soil treatment before planting:
- application of mineral and organic fertilizers,
- improving soil structure.
This will allow the plant to develop without lacking nutrients. Ensuring good soil permeability will protect the bulb from rotting.
The same result can be achieved by pouring coarse sand into the holes for planting flowers. In addition, the lack of contact with the soil will protect the planting material from infections that may be in the ground.
For spring flowering, the plant needs enough moisture, which is formed from melting snow. Subsequently, after the leaves die, annuals will probably be planted in this place, and moisture will flow to the bulbs from their watering.
The flower is propagated by bulblets. After the plant bloomed, the leaves turned yellow and dried out, and the flower entered the dormant phase. During this period, the plant can be dug up and young bulbs can be selected. But this work can be done at another time convenient for the gardener. This will not harm the plant.
The flower is a very winter-hardy plant. Caring for it is simple: loosening and weeding are the main types of work.
Grouse
Imperial hazel grouse Hazel grouse is not a capricious perennial. The original plant, with drooping flowers, makes the gardener want to grow it in his summer cottage.
The first thing to consider when purchasing planting material is their vulnerability. The bulbs have no outer covering and any mechanical damage can cause various kinds diseases.
In any case, before planting they need to be disinfected with a weak solution of ordinary potassium permanganate.
Just like most perennials, hazel grouse grows in one place for several years without transplanting. And this must be taken into account when preparing the soil for planting. Adding organic matter in the form of humus or ready-made compost, substrates that improve access to moisture and air will help the plant quickly get used to its new location.
After flowering, which occurs in the second half of May, the plant still looks decorative for some time, but by the end of June the stem begins to fade. This is the most best time to increase plantings of hazel grouse.
The bulbs are carefully dug out, washed, disinfected in a manganese solution and dried well. Existing bulbs are also planted in the fall, in September. Typically, hazel grouse begins to bloom when the size of the bulb reaches 5 cm in diameter.
So it turns out that growing hazel grouse is not difficult, but it does require patience.
Dicentra is also called "broken heart" A charming plant with many heart-shaped flowers entices the gardener to purchase the flower.
Enough unpretentious perennial regarding the choice of landing site. It will bloom in both sun and shade.
The difference is that in an open place flowering will occur earlier, but will be shorter. In the shade, the plant develops more powerfully and the flowering period increases.
Dicentra has a root system that is located close to the surface of the earth; this requires good drainage, otherwise the fragile roots will suffer from stagnant water. This will inevitably lead to their rotting and, as a rule, the death of the plant. The fragility of the roots requires careful handling of the flower during planting.
The flower is grown on fertile soils, with the addition of ready-made compost, humus, and wood ash.
Propagated by dividing the bush, which can be carried out both in spring and autumn. In the spring, this work is carried out as early as possible so that it does not harm flowering.
Autumn transplantation is less painful for the flower. After the plant withers, it is dug up and the rhizome is cut into several components. Planted in fertilized holes, covered with fertile soil. It should be watered abundantly; dicentra is moisture-loving.
Forget-me-nots
Forget-me-not Alpine Indigo Forget-me-nots are a herbaceous perennial plant with delicate blue flowers, prefers shaded areas with moist soil.
The soil where forget-me-nots will grow should not be overfed with nitrogen-containing fertilizers. This will lead to the growth of the green mass of the plant and weaken its decorative qualities.
Forget-me-nots are grown from seeds. At the summer cottage, in June, they prepare a garden bed. Add nitrophoska (30 g per 1 sq. m.), add half a bucket of humus, carefully dig everything up, level it and water it. Seeds are scattered along small grooves. Sprinkle with a thin layer of sand and compact.
To retain moisture and create optimal conditions For germination, the bed is covered with film. By the end of the second week, it is necessary to check the crops; when shoots appear, the cover is removed. The seedlings need to be thinned out.
In the first year, the forget-me-not forms a small bush, and will bloom the following spring in May. By then it should be planted in a permanent place. Spring care care for the flower consists of watering and fertilizing with mineral fertilizers. In the fall, a nitrogen-containing composition should be added to them.
Despite its tenderness and apparent fragility, forget-me-not is a rather aggressive plant. If its growth is left to chance, it will quickly take over territories that do not belong to it.
Lungwort - Pulmonaria villarsae Lungwort is a low rhizomatous perennial, the main advantage of which is its unpretentiousness in terms of lighting. It can grow even in dense shade.
But partial shade is preferable for her.
The soil for lungwort needs to be slightly acidic and rich in humus. Can grow in one place for about 25 years. But the flower needs thinning, so dividing the bush once every 4 years will solve the problem not only with planting density, but will also provide the summer resident with planting material.
Gardeners value lungwort not only for its bell flowers and its shade tolerance, but also for its decorative foliage. Light or dark green leaves are covered with white spots and specks over the entire surface. In addition, they have the property of changing their color, in which case the specks merge with the color of the leaf.
Caring for the plant is not difficult, keeping the soil moist (but not excessively), one-time fertilizing with a set of mineral fertilizers and autumn pruning of the stems. Although the removal of stems can be left until the spring.
Primroses in the garden: video
No matter how many flowers are planted on the site, the gardener will always have a desire to buy something new. And this is natural - the beauty of fresh flowers pleases.
And primroses are especially pleasing in early spring, when the snow has just melted and there is almost no greenery - and the bright islands delicate flowers have already awakened.
The first long-awaited spring flowers appear in thawed snow patches. In the summer, when there are so many bright colors around, you would hardly pay much attention to them. But after a long winter, even a tiny bud of coltsfoot, grown on bare ground, makes us happy. There are many primroses that can decorate our site. Among them there are some that are still too early to be considered popular.
Adonis spring, or Spring adonis (Adonis vernalis). This is a perennial (150 or more years!!!) early flowering herbaceous plant The Ranunculaceae family was known as a medicinal plant back in the 16th century. They were treated for heart disease. Blooms in April - May for 2 - 3 weeks. Adonis, whose flowers light up when sun rays, is considered a difficult crop to grow by amateur gardeners. Popular names (“yellow flower”, “golden flower”) contain a hint of the color of the flower. In cloudy weather and at night, the flowers close. When growing on the site, it is worth paying attention to the fact that adonis in nature grows better on black earth soils. It is advisable to add a small amount of lime. The place should be well lit; shading can destroy the adonis. Reproduction is difficult due to the low germination rate of seeds (up to 30%), which have an underdeveloped embryo. They need to be sown within one year. Dividing the rhizome is not the best method of propagation, since Adonis may not take root after this. There are several varieties of spring adonis, even with white flowers.
Or anemones (Anemona). Some species of this plant of the Ranunculaceae family replenish the number of primroses. Among them anemone Radde (Anemone raddeana), which grows naturally in the Far East. Mass flowering in April - May for two weeks. The maximum height of the peduncle is 25 cm, usually 10 - 15 cm. The flower with white “petals” has a diameter of about 4 cm. The most popular species is the oak anemone (Anemone nemorosa), which grows in the forests of the middle zone and blooms from the beginning of May. Oak anemone loves loose soil. There is a terry variety “Vestal”, which blooms later, towards the middle - end of May.
Spring whiteflower (Leucojum vernum) like the snowdrop belongs to the Amaryllidaceae family. This bulbous perennial blooms very early, appearing in thawed areas. The flowers are white, the edges of the petals are corrugated, and there is a yellow or greenish spot on the petals. A peduncle up to 20 cm high can hold not one, but two flowers. Leaves appear towards the end of flowering. The plant grows quickly (especially in the partial shade of trees), forming in damp nutritious soil bouquets of blooming primroses. Grows well in low areas. Avoids acidified soils, grows better in nutritious soil mixture. Propagated by freshly collected seeds (flowering will have to wait until 6 - 7 years) and by children (dry out quickly). Nests of bulbs need to be replanted after 5 - 6 years. In summer, white flower plantings must be watered.
Bulbocodium spring, or spring brandushka (Bulbocodium vernum). This is a perennial stemless corm plant (from the Mediterranean, southern Eastern Europe, southern Ukraine) is only 7-8 cm high and has pinkish-lilac flowers. They appear in April - May, flowering lasts about three weeks. Narrow, green leaves with a bluish tint, which grow up to 25 cm long, turn yellow and die by mid-summer. Prefers sunny places, fertile soils. Reproduction by seeds (blooms in 6-7 years) and corms.
(Iridodictyum). A miniature bulbous perennial iris belonging to the Iris family. Flowers appear in April - May. In some species they are aromatic. All types and varieties are decorative, perfect for rockeries and flower beds, where the bulbs are planted on the south side. The color of the flowers is different. This bulbous plant is winter-hardy; most species overwinter without cover. The light-loving plant tolerates partial shading. On fertile soils (neutral) a whole nest of bulbs is formed in three years. Does not tolerate prolonged waterlogging and planting in damp places. The bulbs are left without replanting for 4 - 5 (up to 8) years. In the flower departments of stores you can buy bags of iridodictium bulbs of one color or a mixture. Until planting in the second half of September, store at a temperature of about 18 - 20 ° C. Seed propagation is often used for breeding purposes.
Bulbous snowdrop iris
Marsh marigold (Caltha palusrtis). The name of this plant confirms its craving for damp places: “kaluzha” = “puddle, swamp.” One of the popular names for marigold is “paddling pool.” You can see marigold near water bodies and in damp meadows throughout most of Russia, when its bright yellow flowers bloom from the end of April. simple flowers. There is a garden uniform with white yellow flowers and with golden-yellow double flowers. Flowering lasts about 20 days. After flowering ends, the leaves grow. All parts of marigold are slightly poisonous. The marigold appeared on our site on its own. Not only near decorative pool, but also under… blackberries. This golden flowered plant looks wonderful in spring. Later it dissolves in the greenery of other plants.
Kandyk (Erythronium). This interesting plant, called “dog’s fang” for the color and shape of the bulb, grows in forest edges, meadows and in moist but light forests. Some species are grown by amateur gardeners on their plots. This is, first of all, hybrid erythronium, which blooms in April. Flowering does not last long, no more than two weeks. There are varieties with bright crimson flowers, lilac-pink, white, etc. Their central part has a contrasting color. American erythronium, whitish erythronium and some other species (Siberian kandyk, Caucasian kandyk) are also grown with slight shading on light soils with an acidic reaction. The bulbs are planted and replanted in the second half of July - in August. Protect them from drying out. Kandyk grows without transplanting for up to 6 years, during which time it forms a beautiful clump. Kandyk is not replanted in spring!
Spring crocuses
Merendera three-columnar (Merendera trigyna). This is a very beautiful corm plant, 5-12 cm high. Blooming in April (at the same time as crocuses), it is rarely found in our areas. One of the problems is poor reproduction. Merendera is a cold-resistant crop. Neither spring frosts nor snowfalls kill it. Pink flowers appearing too late- whitish. The diameter of each flower is from 3 to 5 cm. Another species blooms in early spring, Merendera Radde (Merendera raddeana). Her blonde purple-pink flowers resemble crocus flowers. Merenderu is most often propagated by seeds (autumn sowing), which bloom in 3-4 years.
Hellebore (Helleborus). This plant of the Ranunculaceae family is called “Christ’s Rose” in Europe. A rhizomatous perennial with evergreen leaves blooms in April - May. The color of the flowers is white, yellowish with a green tint, burgundy, peach, dark reddish, etc. Hellebore is grown in partial shade. Water moderately, do not plant in damp places or where melt water stagnates for a long time. High frost resistance. Hellebores reproduce by division, less commonly by seeds. Be careful, the plant is poisonous.
(Muscari). This unpretentious perennial bulbous primrose is known to many as “mouse hyacinth” or “viper onion”. Most likely due to the musky appearance and odor of some species. There are several dozen species in the genus. Not all of them can be cultivated in Russia. Muscari is especially good at a young age, until the elongated peduncles fall under the weight of the inflorescences. Flowers are more common (collected in spike-shaped inflorescences) different shades blue color. In our areas, Armenian (Colchian) muscari usually blooms with bright blue flowers and white “teeth.” There are varieties with white, purple and dark blue inflorescences. The inflorescences with smooth transitions of different shades of color are incredibly decorative. Flowering (late April - May) lasts 3 - 4 weeks. The seeds form the lower tiers of inflorescences, which usually consist of 40 or more flowers. A very interesting late-flowering variety “Blue Spike” has inflorescences with up to 170 flowers!!! It is decorative for 20 - 22 days. “Terry” varieties do not set seeds; they need to be propagated only by children. Other species are also popular, for example, muscari grapevine. It is worth considering the heat-loving nature of some species (muscari latifolia). Nests of bulbs are planted every five years. When sowing flowering seeds, you have to wait about three years.
Daffodils. Early varieties of daffodils bloom in late April - early May.
(Hepatica). This charming perennial plant blooms in the Moscow region in the second half of April. In nature, it can be seen on slopes and other dry places freed from snow. Our liverwort has settled among the stones on an alpine hill. Delicate blue, light blue, whitish, pink and violet-blue simple and double flowers visible from afar. The bright yellow stamens are clearly visible on them. The liverwort settles into the area and begins to grow weeds. You can read about the liverwort in the article.
Or galanthus (Galanthus). Primrose belongs to the Amaryllis family. More often they are planted in areas snowdrop white (Galanthus nivalis) or another type, Elwes snowdrop (Galanthus Elwesii) and its hybrids. This bulbous plant may not bloom for the first couple of years as it gets used to its new location. After this, galanthus will invariably bloom in those places where snow lay yesterday. There are no worries with this primrose. It can remain in one place without transplanting for 5 - 6 years. They say it's long frosty winter prolongs the flowering period of galanthus. After flowering ends, the leaves gradually die off. A detailed description of the snowdrop and its care is in the article.
Snowdrop (galanthus)
Or Scylla (Scilla). The earliest of the woodlings - scylla bifolia (Scilla bifolia) with pink, blue and white flowers. Flowers appear soon scylla sibirica (Scilla sibirica) with blue or white flowers. At the same time, the blue and white blossoms Scylla Tubergena (Scilla tubergeniana) and grandiflora Scylla Rosen (Scilla Rosenii). Scillas often become weeds because their seeds are taken away by ants. Scilla grows well in semi-shaded places.
Spring is coming, the first spring flowers are already appearing. After a long winter, spring flowers are especially pleasant and beautiful. This article features five wonderful primroses that bloom earlier than other spring flowers.
Spring has come, in addition to another pleasant topic about bright flowers, I suggest you get acquainted with the early primroses, which are the first to wake up with the approach of this wonderful time of year. After months of cold weather, many people become sensitive to the harbingers of spring, and while some consider crocuses to be the first flowers of spring, there are many small bulbous plants that bloom even earlier. These plants typically have shorter stems and smaller flowers, but when planted in groups they create the same effect in the landscape as bulbous plants larger size, such as tulips and daffodils.
The first spring flowers are Chionodoxa or “Glory of the Snows” Glory-of-the-snow (Chionodoxa luciliae). Chionodoxa is found in several color options, but each has its own characteristics. These are exceptionally frost-resistant bulbs and are easy to grow, as they do not require special attention. Low, charming in their grace and heavenly blue, Chionodoxa is found near the melting snowfields of the mountains, in alpine meadows (at an altitude of 2 km). The beautiful Chionodoxa blooms in early spring, within two weeks. On the thin stalk of its peduncle (up to 15 cm high) there are about 10-15 wide-bell-shaped, upward-looking flowers (with an average diameter of 3 cm). During flowering of Chionodox, their curtain of several bulbs looks like a lush “basket” filled with graceful flowers and lined with their bright emerald leaves. 
Vesennik or Eranthis hyemalis. Yellow cup-shaped flowers that fill the air with a honey aroma. Single flowers appear in early spring, often breaking through the snow, surrounded by graceful green or bronze leaves.
These bulbs can bloom even in January.
Common snowdrop(Galanthus nivalis). Everyone is familiar with the low, modest plant that is the first to come to life after winter in our gardens and forests. It first produces a pair of linear leaves, and soon blooms with drooping white bells. He is not afraid of either snow or winter frosts, nor spring frosts. And now many white bells decorate the first thawed patches. And this sure sign- spring is very close!
One of the earliest flowering plants, sometimes breaks through the layer of snow. These snow-white bell-shaped flowers seem to be impervious to frosty weather.
Iris reticulum(Iris reticulata). Fragrant flowers are usually purple, although there are also varieties with flowers of white, yellow and light blue. The leaves are tender and herbaceous.
Iris reticulum belongs to the earliest irises. This stunted look It blooms very early. And the flowering period lasts from February to early April.
Spring whiteflower(Leucojum vernum). Amaryllidaceae family. It is found in nature along the edges of mountain beech forests in Central Europe, including the Carpathians. Bulbous perennial up to 20 cm tall. The bulb is ovoid up to 2 cm in diameter. The leaves are broadly lanceolate, up to 25 cm long, 1.2 cm wide. Peduncles up to 30 cm long. The flowers are single or paired, on long stalks, with a bract at the base, white, drooping, with a pleasant scent. Petals with green or yellow tips. Blooms from April for 20-30 days. The fruit is a fleshy, almost spherical, three-locular capsule. In culture since 1420. It has varieties, such as Carpaticum, that are larger than the wild form and have yellow spots on the petals.
These were five wonderful primroses that bloom earlier than other popular spring bulbs.