Quince tree - what is important for a gardener to know. We grow quince in our dacha

Japanese quince or chaenomeles can be called one of the most beautiful flowering shrubs. Moreover, it is quite simple to propagate it in your garden using cuttings and seeds. It is easy to increase the number of plants by germinating cuttings and dividing the overgrown bush. How to do this and in what period (spring or autumn) it is better to start propagating quince will be discussed in the article. The corresponding photos are attached.

Features and description of the bush

The Japanese quince or Chaenomeles bush is decorative throughout the year. In spring, the garden is fragrant with its bright orange flowers, in summer its beautiful glossy leaves set off the surrounding plants, in autumn its yellow fruits stand out, and in winter its branches create a kind of cascade of snow-covered, flowing shoots.

Chaenomeles is a heat-loving plant, so it feels better in the southern regions. In cold areas, during snowless winters it may freeze out partially or completely.

Japanese quince should be planted in a sunny place. It grows well in a shaded place, but blooms very poorly. Under normal conditions, the lifespan of the plant is 50-60 years.

Attention! Chaenomeles bushes do not tolerate transplantation well. Therefore, it is better to immediately plant the plant in a permanent place.

Description of the bush:

Japanese quince flowering

1. The shoots are thin, drooping, and occasionally covered with thorns.
2. The width of an adult, overgrown shrub can reach 1.5 m.
3. The flowers, depending on the variety, are white, red, pink, orange, quite large (diameter 2-3 cm), with a delicate aroma. The shoots are almost completely covered in early May.
4. The fruits look like small apples (diameter 2-5 cm). At first they are green, but by the time they ripen they turn yellow.
5. The aroma of the fruit is strong and pleasant.
6. The taste is sour, tart. The pulp is very dense.
7. The seed capsule occupies a significant part of the fruit. Divided into 4 parts by partitions.
8. The seeds are dark brown. Very similar to apple trees.

How to propagate Chaenomeles from cuttings

The advantage of this method is the complete preservation of quince varietal qualities. Cuttings are prepared in early summer. To do this, use strong shoots and cut them into sections with two or three internodes. The chopped parts are immersed for a day in a solution of a root growth stimulator. The second option is to dip the lower cut into the powder of the same root.

The prepared material is planted at an angle in boxes filled with a mixture of sand and peat (3:1, respectively). A greenhouse made of transparent material (polyethylene, glass, etc.) is placed on top. After germination of the cuttings, as evidenced by the appearance of new leaves, the cover is removed.

Attention! The survival rate of Japanese quince cuttings is quite low - 30-50%, so the use of root formation stimulants is mandatory.

At the beginning of autumn, stronger and well-rooted plants can be planted in the garden.

Propagation using seeds

The advantages of this method of quince propagation are obvious:

• ease of implementation;
• high productivity - seed germination 85%;

Japanese quince seeds

Seeds taken from fully ripened fruits are sown in furrows in the planned location in late autumn. The following spring shoots appear. By summer, young plants can be planted in a suitable place in the garden.

Japanese quince can be sown in the spring, at the beginning of March, but it will be more troublesome.

1. The seeds are soaked in water for swelling for several days.
2. Stratify in the refrigerator for a week.
3. Sow one at a time into prepared containers.
4. At the end of summer, young plants are planted in the garden.
5. For the winter, plantings are covered with leaves or spruce branches.

How to propagate by layering

In spring, long lodging shoots are pinned to the ground and covered with earth. During the summer, these places are often watered and additionally hilled. Next spring, plants germinated in this way can be planted. To do this, they are cut off from the mother bush with a shovel or garden pruning shears.

Soil mixed with humus and mineral fertilizers is poured into a prepared hole corresponding to the size of the roots. Immerse the seedling, straighten the roots and carefully sprinkle them with soil. Compact and water. In the future, they are cared for as for other garden plants.

Japanese quince is great for creating a hedge

Is it possible to divide the bush

Actually, the bush itself cannot be divided, but Chaenomeles is characterized by the germination of root shoots. Due to this, the bush spreads. From one quince you can plant about 5-6 shoots. The strongest seedlings are selected and separated from the bush.

Advice. It is best to plant root shoots in the spring. In warm weather, they take root better in a new place.

Despite its simplicity, the method has significant disadvantages:

1. Many offspring have poorly developed root systems, which prevents them from taking root quickly.
2. During the first harvests on bushes grown using this method, the fruits are smaller than usual.

Japanese quince is a versatile plant. It is good in single plantings, in group plantings, and as a low hedge. Extraordinarily aromatic jams and compotes are prepared from its fruits; they are used as aromatic additives for hot drinks and as a seasoning for meat dishes. Considering all the advantages, it is advisable to plant more than one bush in the garden. And anyone, even an inexperienced gardener, can propagate shrubs.

Caring for Japanese quince: video

Japanese quince or chaenomeles is a low-growing deciduous shrub, reaching a height of up to 3 m (in the northern regions it is much lower). It is popular due to both its decorative properties, which attract attention from early spring to late autumn, and the beneficial properties of the fruit.

In addition, quince tolerates shearing well, so landscape design is actively used to create hedges. And if you consider that most species, including hybrid ones, have shoots with sharp spines up to 2 cm long, then such a fence will also cope with security functions.

Quince bushes have a powerful, developed root system, so growing them on loose soils will help prevent erosion or strengthen the slope.

Japanese quince: planting and care

For almost 200 years within Europe, quince was grown exclusively as an ornamental, flowering crop. Even before flowering, the reddish-pink buds look spectacular against the background of emerald green leaves. Japanese quince blooms profusely for 3 weeks; large (4-5 cm in diameter) flowers are closely collected on arched shoots. The color of hybrid varieties differs significantly from the standard reddish-pink: from delicate coral pink to rich garnet red, as well as white. The flowers themselves can be either simple or double. Therefore, Japanese quince in landscape design is a very popular tree loved by gardeners, because thanks to it, the garden is literally transformed and looks very elegant, especially during its flowering period.

It looks great both as a single planting against the background of a lawn and mixboards. Creeping low-growing hybrids are used to decorate the foothills of alpine hills or in rockeries. There are quince species that are grown as bonsai.

More than 500 species of quince are known, but due to climatic conditions, only four are most widespread in our country:

• magnificent quince (chaenomeles excellent, quince excellent) - a low (up to 1 m) bush with large flowers (color depends on the variety): pink, white, orange, red and even two-color

• Quince Cathayan – up to 3 m high, with large leaves stretched upward, flowers white or pink

• Japanese quince low (Chaenomeles Mauleya) is a low-growing (0.5 - 1 m) bush, but at the same time very frost-resistant. Orange-red flowers

• Japanese quince tall (chaenomeles beautiful) - a tall (from 1.5 to 3 m) bush with dense foliage of bright green color with long flowering, up to 20 days

The fruits are apple- or pear-shaped, medium-sized (25-50 g), and practically not consumed raw. The value of the crop lies in its abundance of beneficial properties; in terms of vitamin C content, it surpasses all known fruits and berries (in some varieties, 100 g of fruit contains 180 mg of vitamin C, which is several times higher than that of lemon), for which quince is also called “ northern lemon." In addition, quince fruits are rich in vitamins (B2, B6, B1, E, PP) and microelements (zinc, copper, magnesium, potassium, but especially a lot of iodine and cobalt).

Growing Japanese quince is also popular because it is quite unpretentious and does not require much attention. However, important factors must be observed, such as:

• illumination - to plant Japanese quince, you need to choose a well-lit area - in the shade the plant develops worse, grows more slowly, and does not bloom as profusely. The best soil is soddy-podzolic, loamy or sandy loam, rich in humus, pH around 6-6.5. Quince develops worse on peat soils; alkaline soil provokes the development of leaf chlorosis

Advice! It is better to plant quince in the spring; autumn planting is possible, but not advisable - the plant is heat-loving, and in early cold weather the shrub may die without taking root.

• watering– quince is drought-resistant, watering will only be required if there is a long absence of precipitation. Moderate regular watering is necessary only for young bushes during the period of active growth

• feeding– young plants are not fed in the first year after planting – this can damage (burn) the fragile roots. Subsequently, the quince is fed with mineral fertilizers twice: in the spring - before flowering begins, mainly with nitrogen (it is scattered over the surface of the soil), the second time - after the fruits have formed (complex fertilizer is applied)

• winter care– adult plants overwinter well, withstanding frosts down to -30C, especially if they are well covered with snow. In the fall, young specimens and beautifully flowering varieties are covered with spruce branches or fallen leaves, and covering material (spunbond, lutrasil) is used.

Advice! Low-growing compact bushes can be protected for the winter by covering them with wooden boxes or cardboard boxes.

In summer, the soil around the bush is loosened and weeds are removed. The use of mulch brings good results - it retains moisture, inhibits the development of weeds and optimizes the soil structure. Shredded bark, sawdust, peat or dry grass are used as mulch.

Trimming

Quince tolerates pruning well, the plant quickly recovers, although this process, due to the thorny branches, is not very pleasant. In addition to decorative haircuts, bushes must be trimmed in the following cases:

• sanitary pruning– carried out in the spring, damaged, frozen and dry branches are removed, the cut site is lubricated with garden varnish

• bush formation– up to 3 years, the bush almost does not branch; pruning begins at 4-5 years, carried out in early spring to prevent the bush from thickening and excessively growing in width. Every year you should remove part of the root shoots, leaving no more than 2-3 root shoots for further growth. The most valuable shoots are those growing horizontally, at a height of 20-40 cm. Shoots that grow vertically upward or creep along the ground are removed.
• anti-aging pruning– carried out at 8-10 years of life of the bush. First, you need to thin out the bush, removing all thin, weak, too elongated shoots - leaving only 10-15 of the strongest branches. It is important to take into account that branches that are 3-4 years old bear fruit, so the bush is formed so that they form the majority, and shoots older than 5-6 years are pruned.

Diseases and treatment

Japanese quince is extremely resistant to pests and diseases. An exception is that in cool and damp weather and high humidity, spots may appear on the leaves or necrosis may appear; with the development of fungal diseases, the leaves begin to deform and dry out. Treatment is to treat the plant with copper-soap liquid (100 g of copper sulfate per 10 liters of water) or 0.2% foundationol.

Japanese quince: reproduction and its features

Japanese quince reproduces in several ways:

• seeds– ripe seeds are planted in prepared soil in late February – early March. Germination usually lasts up to 6 weeks, then the seedlings are planted in separate pots. At the end of May - beginning of June, mature seedlings can be planted in open ground. In winter, seedlings must be well protected from frost. For northern territories, it is recommended to plant well-developed, two-year-old seedlings in open ground. Disadvantage of propagation by seeds - seedlings do not retain varietal characteristics, so they are usually used for rootstocks

• cuttings- in the first half of June, in the morning, while it is not hot, strong lateral shoots are cut off with pruning shears, from which cuttings with one or two internodes are cut. You can also use annual cuttings with a “heel” - a small (up to 1 cm) piece of a two-year-old branch. To improve rooting, the cuttings are pre-treated for 24 hours in a 0.001% solution of indolylbutyric acid. The cuttings are planted in a greenhouse, in a substrate of peat and sand (ratio 1:3), deepening at an angle of 30 degrees. At a temperature of 20-25C and high (90%) humidity, rooting occurs in 40 days. By autumn, a young specimen with a developed root system is ready for planting in the ground
• dividing the bush- the simplest but most effective method; in the spring you can get up to 6 root shoots from one bush. From the root shoots, select a shoot with a thickness of 0.5 cm and a length of 10-15, with a good root system
• bends– long lodging branches can take root involuntarily, so in early spring, after loosening the soil, annual shoots are pinned down. In the summer, the allocated shoot is hilled up and watered, and by autumn rooting occurs, after which the cuttings are cut off and replanted

Do you want to grow a charming shrub on your property that will delight you throughout the year with its neat shapes, bright flowers in the spring, and juicy fruits in the summer? Then decorative quince is your ideal choice. It is called differently. This plant is a low spreading deciduous shrub, prickly and quite attractive. Height is from 0.3 to 1 meter, and it can be adjusted during pruning. With the right level of skill, this plant will work well as a low decorative fence or border.

Appearance

Ornamental quince is a genus of flowering plants from the Rosaceae family. It is widely found in the wild in Japan and China. Its leaves are oval, leathery, smooth and shiny, dark green in color, serrated along the edges. The flowers are very large, approximately 2.5-3.5 cm in diameter. When several bushes grow nearby, the spectacle is very impressive.

In central Russia, flowers appear in late May - early June. Flowering is long, very long. You will have plenty of time to admire the magnificent garden. The fruits form and ripen quite early. The plant itself is frost-resistant, despite its roots, it tolerates winter well.

Choosing a landing site

In fact, this is not as whimsical a plant as it might seem at first glance. Decorative quince grows readily in almost any soil. However, when choosing a place for planting, be sure to ensure that it is sunny and protected from cold winds. It is very good if a lot of snow accumulates in this place in winter. Usually these are buildings, securely protected from the winter wind by walls.

Flooded and low areas are strictly not suitable. Chaenomeles tolerates drought well, so if you rarely visit your country plot, then decorative quince will be an ideal option to decorate it and give a finished look to the landscape. But excess water is detrimental to plants. If your site is located in a lowland and the soil contains a lot of clay, then be sure to build embankments, strengthen them, and only then plant shrubs.

The shrub is not too picky about the composition of the soil. However, on alkaline soils it is affected by chlorosis and may die. The ideal option is slightly acidic soils. The plant is small, with a developed root system, which allows it to get food and moisture from the depths, which means it does without additional watering and fertilizing.

Wintering shrubs

Usually, decorative quince overwinters well without additional insulation. The photo shows us that this is a miniature shrub, the branches of which lie almost close to the ground. This is what helps protect them from frost. However, if the winter is very harsh and there is little snow, then branches located above the snow cover may suffer. As a result, they will take a long time to recover or regrow. The plant loses time and is delayed in ripening the fruits.

To preserve the branches as much as possible, bend them to the ground, pressing them with stones. You can fill it with hay on top. Then, even with a small layer of snow cover, the shrub will overwinter well. Additional covering work must also be carried out in those regions where frequent winds blow snow.

Decoration

Usually, in an area where one quince bush has appeared, a hedge of this bush will soon grow, since it is very difficult to refuse such beauty. Decorative quince (photos are given in the article) are most often grouped into a long hedge that acts as a kind of screen. At the same time, there is never a feeling of cramping or thickening. Plants know exactly the limits within which they need to grow and develop.

Get ready for all your neighbors to ask you how much this beauty cost. The question is logical if you take into account the price tags for seedlings of this plant. However, this is just unnecessary. Just ask someone you know for a few fruits with ripe seeds. From seeds it is not difficult to grow as many plants as you need.

This shrub is incredibly beautiful at any time of the year. During the flowering period, the bush seems to be on fire, strewn with bright flowers. And in the fall, like a fairy-tale tree, it is all covered with yellow fruits, very healthy and tasty. They need to be removed before the onset of seasonal frosts. However, we got a little distracted. Let's look at how to grow a plant and care for it.

Growing plants from seeds

We have already talked about several options that you can use so that decorative quince grows on your site. Reproduction occurs by dividing the bush, suckers, cuttings or seeds. If you have ripe fruits of the plant, you can eat the pulp and sow the seeds before winter. The bed must be mulched with manure.

With the onset of spring, the first shoots will appear. During this period, young plants need to be fed with an infusion of mullein diluted in water in a ratio of 1:15. When the seedlings produce 2-3 leaves, it is recommended to pick them out.

Spring work

Material for planting can be prepared in the fall. If you have ready-made seedlings, then place them in the ground, lightly digging in the roots. Place the seedlings in the basement, and there they will calmly wait for spring. If you get ripe fruits in the fall, then plant the seeds in warm soil. With good care, in a year you will have fairly strong seedlings that can be transferred to open ground.

So, how is Japanese decorative quince planted? Photos that show planting and care in sufficient detail usually show us early spring. It is at this time, before the buds bloom, that the seedling needs to be moved to a permanent place of residence. If you are a little late with planting, you can reschedule until the fall. You should not bury the seedling when planting; then you can adjust the ground level using mulch. The distance between rows should be 2.5-3 meters, and in a row you can leave a distance between plants of 1 meter. And if you want to create the effect of a hedge, it is recommended to place the plantings more densely.

Watering and fertilizing

And now you have an ornamental Japanese quince on your site. Planting is completed, now all that remains is to ensure that the bush grows healthy, develops and bears fruit. First, you dug up the ground to a depth of 40-60 cm and applied fertilizer. A root circle is formed around the bushes, which must be well watered. Now you can forget about watering for several weeks. And if the weather is not too hot, then for a month.

The first feeding is carried out during the period of active flowering. If planting was carried out in mid-April, then in about a month. To do this, you can use the following mixture: for 10 liters of water, 15 g of 30 g of urea, 15 g of potassium sulfate. Quince and bird droppings are well tolerated, but you need to be careful with the proportions so as not to burn the roots.

Autumn pruning

When summer ends and the ripe fruits have been removed from the branches, it’s time to make sure that the plants survive the cold period normally. If you are looking for an unpretentious shrub, then the Japanese ornamental quince is an excellent option. Planting and care in open ground comes down to the correct choice of location, preparation of the planting hole, as well as autumn pruning. However, many complain that, despite all their efforts, they are unable to grow beautiful bushes. Such that they do not stick out dry branches in all directions, bloom profusely and bear fruit well.

As a rule, the main mistake is the wrong planting location: the bushes are too shaded, a damp lowland is chosen, or the plant suffers from a draft. If everything is done correctly, it means that you did not pay attention to chaenomelis in the autumn.

Pruning is done after the crop is harvested, before the first frost. Take your pruning shears with you and go out into the garden. It is necessary to correct the even line of bushes planted in a row. It is necessary to remove all dried, broken and old branches, which are clearly distinguished by their dark bark. If there are branches that are very protruding on the sides or are too long and stand out from the overall ensemble, then be sure to remove them. These plants tolerate pruning completely painlessly, and with the onset of the warm season they will definitely win back everything that was taken from them.

Some features

During the summer, you do not need to pick up the pruning shears. At this time, decorative quince is actively growing, blooming and bearing fruit. Pruning will make it possible to keep the bushes in order. Closer to autumn, tillering slows down, so you can carry out preliminary cutting of all injured branches. A more in-depth procedure is performed again after all the fruits have been collected. They cannot be left over the winter. Be sure to wear thick gloves because the bush has thorns.

This plant can make a gardener’s wildest fantasies come true. Single bushes, stunning hedges, as well as unique bonsai - Japanese quince is perfect for creating stunning compositions. It takes time, but it's worth it.

Use of fruits

An amazing plant is an ornamental one. Photos (planting and care, the beneficial properties of delicious fruits are fully justified) will delight you. The gardener does not spend too much effort to get a bush hung with yellow “apples” by autumn. The fruits are great for jam and compotes; they are added to tea instead of lemon. Jam and compote, as well as fruit salads, have good taste.

Chaenomeles is a very useful product for dietary nutrition. It does not contain fat, but at the same time it contains a lot of copper and ascorbic acid, potassium and pectin substances. This is an excellent antioxidant, which also reduces cholesterol levels in the blood and helps lower blood pressure.

Almost every owner of a garden plot wants his garden to be not only beautiful, but also unusual. That is why gardeners have recently begun to grow on their plots not only the familiar apple and pear trees, but also exotic plants. These include an incredibly beautiful shrub called Japanese Quince or Chaenomeles.

This unusual tree, bewitching with its incredible beauty and aroma, will not leave anyone indifferent during flowering. Despite the fact that Japanese quince is an exotic plant, it takes root well and grows in many regions of our country. Even inexperienced gardeners can cope with planting and growing Chaenomeles.

Japanese quince: photo, description, characteristics

Chaenomeles is an ornamental and fruit crop, is a heat-loving plant and grows well in regions with a mild climate. A quince tree can grow up to three meters, and a bush - up to a meter.

The plant is different:

By the end of September, beginning of October, the fruits of Chaenomeles ripen. When mature they can be bright orange or green-yellow color. The outside of the fruit is covered with a waxy coating, which perfectly protects them from spoilage. That is why they can survive even mild frosts on the tree. About half the volume of the fruit is occupied by brown seeds, which in appearance resemble apple tree seeds.

Japanese quince begins to bear fruit in the third year of life. From each bush you can collect from two kilograms of fruit. The fruits, even if they are not yet ripe, are collected before frost. They can ripen when stored at home, but at low temperatures of 3-5 degrees.

Varieties of Chaenomeles

Japanese quince has wide variety of varieties(pictured), which allows you to choose a plant that is suitable specifically for your garden plot.

1. The variety Crimson and Gold or Magnificent Quince is distinguished by a branched bush that grows up to 1.2 m. The plant blooms with dark red flowers with yellow stamens. The shrub does not require pruning and is most often used as a hedge.
2. Chaenomeles Simoni was bred by French breeders. The bush has almost round-shaped lodging shoots, crimson-red inflorescences and green fruits.
3. The decorative variety Jet Trail is distinguished by its often creeping shoots, lack of thorns, arched branches and pale white flowers.
4. The Japanese Quince Vesuvius has a wide crown, but grows no more than one meter. A huge number of its inflorescences are red in color.
5. The Pink Lady variety is distinguished by a wide crown and dark pink or pink flowers. The bush grows up to 1.5 m.
6. Chaenomeles Nivalis grows both in height and width up to two meters. Nivalis blooms with white flowers in May and August.
7. The Holland quince variety has glossy, dark green leaves, a wide crown and orange-red flowers. In August, this variety may re-bloom.

If you want to grow Japanese Quince into a bonsai, then this is best suited for this purpose. Rubra variety plant. Having planted the cuttings at an angle in a suitable container, during further care, in order to give the bush an aesthetic appearance, you will need to prune it correctly.

Features of growing Japanese Quince

Growing Chaenomeles does not present any particular difficulties. When choosing a location for it, you should take into account that the shrub loves well-lit areas. It can grow in partial shade, but it will not bear fruit.

Japanese quince is developing successfully on any soil. It is suitable for poor sandy and damp clay soils. However, they should be moderately moist and rich in humus. Chaenomeles does not tolerate excessively calcareous and saline soils at all.

Most Quince varieties are frost-resistant and can winter without shelter. However, if the winter is harsh and with little snow, flower buds and annual shoots may freeze. Therefore, it is recommended to plant trees in places where a sufficient layer of snow forms. In regions with harsh winters, the plant should be covered with fallen leaves or spruce branches for the winter.

Landing of Chaenomeles

It is best to plant young trees in the spring after the soil has thawed. Autumn planting is also possible during the time of mass leaf fall. However, a heat-loving shrub may not have time to take root before frost and die.

They take root well two-year-old Japanese Quince seedlings. When planting a plant, it is necessary to ensure that the root collar remains at soil level. For plants aged 3-5 years, planting pits should have a depth of 0.5-0.8 m and a diameter of up to 0.5 m.

The soil for Chaenomeles is prepared from leaf soil, pitch and peat (2:1:2). In addition, it is recommended to add 300 grams of potassium nitrate, 200 grams of superphosphate, 500 gamma ash, and 1-2 buckets of humus into the planting hole.

It is best to plant Quince bushes in small groups of 3-5 plants. To prevent adult plants from crowding each other and closing in on each other, the distance between seedlings should be at least one meter.

Features of care

In the first year after planting the plant Regular watering is required. It is especially important to monitor soil moisture during dry summers. To ensure that the soil retains moisture, the soil around young Chaenomeles is mulched with a layer of 3-5 cm. Sawdust or peat are suitable as mulch.

In the first two years after planting, young plants are fertilized in the spring with nitrogen fertilizers and slurry, and in the fall with potassium and phosphorus fertilizers.

In 4-5 years, Japanese quince will begin to bloom and bear fruit. Behind an adult plant special care required:

1. Chaenomeles does not need abundant watering. Once a month will be enough.
2. The plant should be fertilized in the same way as other berry bushes.
3. Every spring it is necessary to cut out old branches lying on the ground that are more than five years old.
4. It is recommended to form a bush annually to prevent it from thickening. The number of branches on a tree should not be more than 10-20. Vertical shoots are cut out. Pruning is done in the spring, even before the buds appear. Autumn pruning can cause the plant to freeze.
5. In winter, it is recommended to protect Quince from the wind. To do this, you can cover it with spruce branches, or even install a snow-retaining shield.

As you can see, caring for Chaenomeles is quite simple and does not require large physical and financial costs. It mainly consists of fertilizing and pruning bushes.

Reproduction of Japanese Quince

The plant can be propagated in several ways:

• seeds;
• cuttings;
• dividing the bush.

Propagation by seeds

This is the most reliable and easiest way to propagate Quince. Large brown seeds are planted in the prepared soil mixture in late February - early March.

Approximately in six weeks seedlings are planted in separate seedling cups. Grown seedlings can be planted in the ground as early as May or June.

Young seedlings require protection from frost during the first winter. If this is not possible, then Quince will need to be planted in open ground only in the spring of next year.

Propagation by cuttings and grafting

The advantage of such propagation is that all varietal qualities of the plant are preserved.

Cuttings should be harvested in early June. It is recommended to cut them early in the morning, in dry weather. When cutting off a cutting, you need to make sure that it has a small piece of last year’s wood, that is, with a “heel”. Cut off shoots are soaked for a day in growth stimulants and inclined planted in a mixture of peat and sand(1:3). Rooting occurs within 30-40 days, provided that the air temperature does not fall below +20C.

In May, a Quince seedling is grafted with a varietal cutting:

1. During the second sap flow (in July or August), varietal shoots of the plant are harvested.
2. A T-shaped cut is made on the bark of the seedling (rootstock), the edges of which are folded back.
3. A varietal shoot with a bud is inserted under the bark.
4. The plants are pressed tightly against each other, tied and treated with garden varnish.

The survival rate of the eyes is checked after three to four weeks. Next spring the bud should sprout a new shoot and the bandage can be removed.

Dividing the bush

Quince bushes produce numerous root shoots, and over time they grow in all directions. Due to such offspring, the plant can grow even on a steep slope.

The ideal time to divide the bush is the end of spring and the end of autumn. Root shoots for planting should have a thickness of 0.5 cm and a length of 10-15 cm. From one bush you can separate 5-6 offspring.

Prepared shoots are planted vertically in a permanent place. In the future, caring for them consists of regular watering and mulching the soil under them with shavings, wood chips or humus.

The disadvantage of this method of propagation is that the root system of young shoots is poorly developed, and some seedlings need to be grown at home. The fruits of young plants are initially smaller than usual.

Control of diseases and pests of Japanese quince

The main pest of Chaenomeles is aphids. Its appearance can be a real disaster for the plant. Therefore, when it is detected, the bush must be immediately treated with special means.

With high air humidity in damp and cool weather, favorable conditions are created for the appearance of various fungal diseases:

• with necrosis and various spots, the leaves begin to deform and dry out;
• with cercospora, various brown spots appear, which fade over time;
• With ramularia, brown spots are visible on the leaves.

Effective methods of control are the use copper-soap liquid and 0.2% baseazole. Less dangerous is spraying the bushes with onion infusion. To do this, 150 grams of husk are infused in 10 liters of water for 24 hours. The plants are treated with the resulting infusion every five days.

Japanese quince, which is easy to care for, can be planted as a single plant, in small groups or along the edge of a garden path, forming a hedge from it. But this shrub is valued not only for its unpretentiousness and beautiful flowering. Quince fruits contain many different biologically active substances and a whole complex of vitamins. These remarkable qualities place Chaenomeles among the valuable fruit and berry crops.

Those who own garden plots on private property try to grow a beautiful and unusual garden.

Therefore, more and more often you can find not only pears or apple trees, but exotic plants.

These include the magnificent shrub - Japanese quince.

Origin

This is a small tree that blooms luxuriantly and emits a unique aroma.

Although this plant came to us from another country, it gets along well in many regions of Russia.

Quince has another name - Chaenomelis.

Caring for quince does not require much effort, both physical and financial. The most important thing is to fertilize the bush and prune it at the right time.

Reproduction

Seeds

Quince can be propagated by seeds easily and simply.

1. To do this, prepare the land and sow in February or early March.
2. After a week and a half, the emerging sprouts are distributed into their individual containers.
3. Seedlings are planted outside in May or June.

Are there any special features of growing during the cold season?

In winter, seedlings need to be protected from frost. Or is it better to postpone planting until next spring.

Cuttings

Reproduction by cuttings or grafting has one significant advantage - the preservation of varietal qualities.

Vaccination

A Japanese quince seedling in the spring should be grafted with a varietal cutting:

1. From the second half of summer, a shoot of a varietal plant is harvested.
2. A cut is made in the bark of the seedling in the shape of the letter T, and its edges are folded back.
3. A shoot with a bud from a varietal bush is inserted into the hole.
4. The plants are squeezed tightly, tied tightly and covered with a special varnish.

Whether the plant has taken root or not will be known after 3-4 weeks. Next spring, if everything goes well, the bud will sprout. The bandage is no longer needed; it is removed.

Quince grows very strongly with the help of root children. Thanks to them, the plant will be able to stay even on a steep slope.

Therefore, it should be divided towards the end of spring and autumn. To plant a quince from the root shoots, it must be able to reach a thickness of half a centimeter and a length of 15 cm. One bush produces about 5 children.

The disadvantage of this method of propagation is the unstable root system. Seedlings can be weak and are nursed at home. Planted plants bear less fruit, but only for the first time.

Pests

The main and frequent pest of quince is aphid. It becomes a real disaster for the plant. If it does appear, the bushes are immediately treated with products intended for this problem.

If the weather is damp and cool, the quince may be attacked fungal diseases.

When fighting these diseases it is customary to use copper-soap liquid or. Some water the plants and treat the leaves with onion infusion.

Quince in the landscape

The plant is the leader among its flowering counterparts. It is used for landscaping parks, gardens, and squares. Quince easily tolerates urban conditions; gas pollution is not a hindrance for it. It is added to rockeries, borders, and alpine slides.

In recent years, quince has been gaining great popularity. Its fruits are increasingly used in various recipes. It is an excellent decoration not only for private gardens, but also for large cities.

Properties of quince: benefits and harms

The fruits of the quince plant contain a huge amount of useful substances, which is why they can cause harm to the human body.

The product can be used when:

The plant has contraindications:

• The fruits should not be consumed by people whose professions involve speech, because quince worsens the condition of the larynx.
• It is not recommended to consume the fruits for people suffering from constipation.
• The fruit is contraindicated for pleurisy.