What is a pallet in a warehouse? What is a pallet? Wide and short pallets

1. What are they?
2. Types of pallets
3. Pallet standards and grades
4. Application
5. How to choose a pallet
6. Where to buy?

Any commercial and industrial operations involve the movement, transportation and storage of goods. In order not to spoil the raw materials or finished products During transportation and storage, it is important to secure them correctly. In this case, you cannot do without special pallets - auxiliary tools standard sizes and forms intended for loading and unloading operations.

What are they?

Pallets or pallets are rigid bases, platforms for installation, movement, storage and transportation of large units of cargo. An empty pallet weighs about 20 kg, the load capacity of such a stand reaches 1000 kg or more. The goods placed on them are secured with straps, stretch films or strong tapes. The work is carried out using mechanical loaders.

There are disposable and reusable pallets. The first ones are made from fragile materials, such as cardboard. They can withstand no more than 1-2 uses, quickly break down and must be disposed of. Reusable pallets are produced according to unified standards from inexpensive wood, synthetic resins or metal.

Types of pallets

The design of the structures can be two-way or four-way. The loader can only engage the former on both sides, which have grooves in them. The latter can be pryed from all sides.

Single deck pallets have a single working platform. Double deckers can be turned over - both sides are suitable for installing loads.

Depending on the type of raw material, pallets are:

1. Wooden. These designs are inexpensive. Their production does not take much time and labor. Before cutting, the material undergoes sanitary and protective treatment from biopollution. Finished pallets have several degrees of strength. They are environmentally friendly, wear-resistant, and can be repaired if necessary. There are disadvantages: low level of moisture and biostability. Structures require frequent sanitization.
2. Plastic. Manufactured by casting from synthetic resins. Advantages: much lighter than wooden ones, more practical, last longer, easy to clean, have good impact resistance. Disadvantage: high cost.
3. Metal. Made from steel and aluminum profile. These stands can withstand high temperatures and have a large load capacity. Metal pallets are rarely used for long-distance transportation, as they are much heavier than their counterparts. They are used for storing and moving goods, various cargoes inside warehouses.
4. Cardboard. For production, pressed corrugated cardboard is used. Most often, these stands are used when transporting goods.. One-time use, as the material quickly gets wet and deforms.

To handle non-standard cargo, special pallets with high walls, racks or boxes are produced. For transportation by railways There are pallets with additional fastening equipment: fistings, island superstructures, folding walls.

Pallet standards and grades

All pallets have uniform dimensions and are marked with markers indicating their origin.

Europallet

The design has mandatory dimensions of 800×1200×145 mm. Several supports, usually on the right side, have the EUR and EPAL marks burned into them, surrounded by an oval. On the left side there is a marking with information about the manufacturer and other data. Upper part Euro pallets consist of five strips - wide and narrow, which alternate. The lower one is made of three: one wide and two narrow on the sides. There are chamfers at the corners of the structure.

Finnish pallet

Certified pallets with parameters 1000×1200×145 mm. On the right legs there is a FIN code in a rectangle. On the central supports there are company marks and an indication of the production date. The upper part of such pallets is made up of 7 boards: after two narrow ones, one wide one. The lower part is identical to Euro pallets. Chamfers are required for such models.

Cargo pallet

The pallets produced comply with the standards. The thickness of the boards is about 22 mm. There is no branded coding on the legs.

American pallet

The dimensions of the stands are 1200x1200x145 mm. The thickness of the planks is 6 mm. The upper part is made of seven fragments of the same width - no more than 100 mm. The lower tier consists of three boards.

Domestic pallets

According to the requirements of GOST 9557-87, Russian pallets have the same dimensions and number of nails as European ones. The difference is the absence of proprietary encodings. Pallets regulated by GOST 9078-84 are preserved. The only requirements they meet are parameters 1200×1000 mm and 1200×800 mm. Everything else is not regulated.

European standards provide for mandatory herbal treatment of pallets and affixing codes to them. Methods used:

• fumigation: spraying chemical compounds, destroying microorganisms;
• chamber drying: keeping pallets in chambers with high temperature and low humidity levels.

The fact that the pallets have passed standard quarantine and are biologically safe is indicated by the mark in the form of a spikelet and the code of the processing method.

Most structures are used many times, so the pallets gradually wear out. Minor defects are allowed during their production. There are several grades of pallets in terms of quality:

• highest: completely new or used 1-3 times, strong, free of darkening, splitting, cracks and other defects, meeting all parameters for the number, thickness and width of boards;
• first: strong, clean, undamaged, not repaired pallets that meet all standards;
• second: the boards may have stubborn dirt, discoloration, slight damage along the edges, and minor cracks that do not pose a danger to the overall integrity. These are the same type of pallets that have been repaired but are suitable for use.

Application

Pallets are produced for short-term and long-term storage, movement, transportation of complete units of cargo. They save time and effort when counting and loading, and help avoid damage or loss of products. Industrial enterprises, logistics, wholesale and retail, construction industry.

It is convenient to use pallets at home. This is especially true wooden structures. New or used copies can be used in garden construction, house or apartment. They are used for arranging verandas, makeshift sidewalks, creating street or home furniture, construction of gazebos, swings, children's playhouses, sandboxes. If you approach the matter creatively, showing ingenuity, then with the help of an ax, hammer, varnish, paint, and other materials and tools, you can make garden parquet, tables, benches, stands, wall partitions, fences, sofas, cabinets, cabinets, shelves, clothes hangers.

How to choose a pallet

It is necessary to select pallets based on the purposes for which they will be intended. For transportation and moving standard goods Wooden ones are more often used: standardized or without markings. For food products, it is advisable to choose Euro pallets that have passed sanitization way chamber drying. Disinfection chemicals can be dangerous, as residues of toxic compounds remain on the surface of the wood.

For long-term storage of extremely heavy loads in warehouses, they traditionally choose metal structures. They are less susceptible to deformation and do not collapse in high humidity conditions.

For non-standard cargo, it is better to choose plastic pallets. They withstand sudden changes in temperature and are insensitive to severe frosts, moisture. They usually transport complex equipment, valuable, fragile or easily breakable goods.

When transporting containers, it is necessary to calculate the number of pallets in advance, taking into account the volume of vans. When storing products in several tiers, you need to take into account the load on bottom rows. To overweight the number of stands did not increase the total, it is better to choose the lightest ones - from compacted cardboard.

For making garden furniture, floor bases and other useful things, strong wooden pallets of the highest and first grades that have undergone sanitary treatment are suitable.

Where to buy?

To receive a large batch of pallets, contact the supplier company or directly with the manufacturer. Wholesale purchases are cheaper.

Several pallets for household needs can be found for free by visiting thematic forums and classifieds sections on the Internet. You need to remember that you will have to deal with already used structures, so check their suitability.

Many trading enterprises And transport companies They are trying to get rid of this container. By contacting such a company, you can purchase pallets at a nominal price or free of charge. If you're lucky, almost new.

1. Certified Euro pallet (EUR pallet).

Size 800x1200x145mm. It is mandatory to have the EUR brand mark in an oval, burned into the right supporting legs of the pallet. The remaining legs also bear markings indicating the manufacturer (PKP, FS, DB, etc.) and digital information (series, year of manufacture). The upper part of the Euro pallet consists of five boards, alternating in order: wide (145mm), narrow (100mm), wide, narrow, wide. The lower part consists of three boards (narrow, wide, narrow) with chamfers. It is mandatory to have chamfers on the corners of the Euro pallet.

2. Certified finpallet (FIN-pallet, Finnish pallet).

Size 1000x1200x145mm. It is mandatory to have the FIN brand mark in a rectangle burned on the right supporting legs of the pallet. The central legs are also marked with digital information indicating the manufacturer's code and production date. The upper part of the finish pallet consists of seven boards, alternating in order: wide (120mm), two narrow (100mm), wide, two narrow, wide. The lower part consists of three boards (narrow, wide, narrow) with chamfers. It is mandatory to have chamfers on the corners of the finishing pallet.

3. Non-disposable cargo pallet 800x1200mm.

Size 800x1200x145mm, board thickness 20-22mm. There is no company mark, the design is identical to the design of the Euro pallet.

4. Non-disposable cargo pallet 1000x1200mm.

Size 1000x1200x145mm, board thickness 20-22mm. There is no company mark, the design is identical to the design of the finpallet.

5. Eurobox (EUR-box)

Metal cage with a metal base in the form of a Euro pallet, size 800x1200x800mm. It has a plate with an embossed EUR stamp in an oval.

Pallet varieties

If you ship manufactured goods abroad or use production lines with strict requirements for the pallets used, then it is likely that you will need certified European or Finnish pallets. They are manufactured in accordance with GOST standards adopted in European countries, as evidenced by the presence of a stamp on each pallet. Based on their condition, these pallets are divided into three grades:

1. Top grade

• practically new, white, strong pallets;
• no chips or cracks;
• were used no more than three times.

2. First grade

• white, strong pallets;
• no chips or cracks;
• have not been repaired.

3. Second grade

• allowed slight dirt, and darkening of wood over time;
• small cracks and chips are allowed (but no more than 3cm in width and 30cm in length);
• Some of them may be after renovation.

For work in the domestic market

Any pallet is usually suitable for work on the domestic market - the choice of a specific type and grade depends entirely on the manufacturer. In addition to certified Euro and financial pallets, there are non-disposable cargo pallets of the following types:

1. Non-certified Euro pallet 800x1200x145mm<

• the dimensions and design are absolutely identical to certified Euro pallets, including all tolerances and chamfers;
• screw nails are used;
• board thickness 22mm;
• It differs from a certified Euro pallet in the absence of a company mark.

2. Pallet 800x1200x145mm, first grade

• the design is similar to Euro pallets, but the sizes of boards and bars can vary;
• screw nails are used;
• board thickness 20-25mm;
• the corners of the pallet were chamfered;
• does not have significant stains or darkening of the wood over time.

3. Pallet 800x1200x145mm, second grade

• the design is similar to Euro pallets;
• Both screw and construction nails can be used;
• board thickness 20-25mm;
• the distance between the flooring boards is no more than 50 mm;
• Minor contamination and darkening of the wood over time are allowed.

4. Pallet 800x1200x145mm, third grade

• the main dimensions of the pallet are 800x1200 mm, other dimensions may vary and do not have a single standard;
• board thickness 15-25mm;
• there are no chamfers on the corners of the pallet;
• construction nails were used;
• Contamination and darkening of the wood over time are allowed.

5. Pallet 1000x1200x145mm

• in size and design they are made similar to certified financial pallets;
• chamfers may be missing;
• regular nails can be used instead of screw nails;
• board thickness 15-25mm.

6. Special types of pallets

• plastic standard EUR;
• wooden standard CP;
• Triplett;
• metal EUR boxes.

Using pallets

Pallets are widely used in many countries. When using pallets, we recommend paying attention to the following:

• There are two main types of pallets: Euro pallet and standard pallet. The size of a Euro pallet is 800mm x 1,200mm, and a standard pallet is 1,000mm x 1,200mm.
• A 20-foot container can be loaded with 11 “Euro pallets” or 9-10 standard pallets in one tier (see figure).
• A 40-foot container can be loaded with 23 - 24 "Euro pallets" or 20-21 standard pallets in one tier (see figure).
• Wooden pallets must be strong enough to support the weight of three tiers.
• Cardboard boxes should not protrude beyond the edges of the pallet.

Pallet(aka pallet, aka pallet, she's the same pallet And pallet) - a flat rectangular stand for a load, in which there are recesses (approaches) at the bottom for the grips of a forklift and protrusions for attaching slings (when moving in a suspended state).
PALLET PLT, PLL

What are pallets for?
Losses from the use of pallets

Pallets allow you to store cargo efficiently and carefully and have quickly replaced old forms of packaging, such as boxes, boxes, and barrels. The use of pallets in freight transportation allows the formation of enlarged cargo units. It is inconvenient to transport cargo in small containers or in bulk; this increases the time of loading and unloading and during transport it is difficult to fix it motionless; the goods may break and become unusable. At the same time, a similar volume of the same products packed on a pallet creates....

In addition to regular, flat pallets, there are special pallets for transporting valuable, fragile or simply non-standard cargo. As a rule, these are standard pallets, which, using sets of special parts, are equipped with racks, shelves, drawers, frames, corner profiles and lattice walls. In railway (sometimes also in road) cargo transportation, special pallets are also used - flats, tilts, bolsters. These are huge pallets the size of a loading platform, equipped with fittings (eyes for....

Pallet weight. Volume and dimensions of pallets.

The requirements of the international standard UIC435-2 do not specify the weight of Euro pallets due to the fact that they are made from different materials and can be combined. The weight of most wooden pallets varies from 15 to 20 kg, double-deck - up to 40 kg. In practice, the customs declarant often has to blindly determine the weight of these pallets, called the tare weight. He defines the weight of pallets as the difference between gross weight and net weight. Let's look at a specific example: there are 1380 polyvinyl chloride bags on 24 pallets in a carriage....

History of pallets. Reasons for the popularity of pallets

The “great-grandfather” of the modern pallet was the skid, which was used in American factories back in the early twentieth century. It was a wooden shield, to which two boards were attached at the sides at the bottom. With the development of loading devices, the skid design changed and improved. In 1925, another shield was nailed to the bottom of the boards, and the prototype of the pallet acquired a completely recognizable appearance.

What is a pallet or pallet? What does PLT mean?

• Pallet(aka pallet, aka pallet, she's the same pallet And pallet) - container, flat rectangular stand for cargo with a rigid platform for forming a large cargo unit. A pallet is designed to store cargo on it and move it using various mechanical means. The design of the pallets has recesses or entries for gripping forklifts and other lifting devices, as well as protrusions for attaching slings in cases where cargo is moved in a suspended state.
  This word comes from English PALLET(pallet) and is abbreviated in the documentation as PLT, PLL. The “Russian Spelling Dictionary” of the Russian Academy of Sciences hints to us that there is only one letter “l” in the word pallet, but we will write it as it is more familiar to ordinary people).
  In freight transport Pallets are used to form so-called enlarged cargo units. What is it? Here is a chocolate candy - transporting it alone is inconvenient and troublesome. A box containing 20 candies is more convenient and profitable to carry. A box with boxes of chocolates is even more profitable: you can reload and transport 800 chocolates at once. The next stage of enlargement will be a pallet on which there are 20 boxes with boxes of chocolates. This will allow you to move and reload 16,000 candies at a time. This is already a full load of chocolates, and not a bunch of chocolates in bulk. Finally, the standard 20ft container, which holds 11 pallets, is the pinnacle of this cargo evolution.

What are pallets for? What are the benefits or losses associated with using pallets?

• Pallets allow you to store cargo efficiently and carefully and have quickly replaced old forms of packaging, such as boxes, boxes, and barrels. The use of pallets in freight transportation allows the formation of enlarged cargo units. It is inconvenient to transport cargo in small containers or in bulk; this increases the time of loading and unloading and during transport it is difficult to fix it motionless; the goods may break and become unusable. At the same time, a similar volume of the same product packed on a pallet creates a larger unit of goods, which is convenient to manipulate when moving and securely fastened in the cargo space for safe transportation.

• Benefits of using pallets:

  • Loading and unloading operations using pallets are carried out much faster. Filling a container or unloading cargo without them will require the involvement of many loaders who need to be paid. To handle palletized cargo, you need one forklift and one worker. The savings in time, money and nerves are obvious.
  • The degree of security when transporting cargo on pallets is much higher. The cargo is placed within the boundaries of the pallet and, if it is securely and tightly tied, it does not crumble or become deformed. Access to cargo placed on pallets is significantly difficult, this is an additional guarantee of its safety.
  • The use of pallets in certain situations has become mandatory. Thus, the Safety Rules for Maritime Transportation require that general cargo subject to packaging must be formed into enlarged cargo units. They are transported on two and four-way pallets.
  Losses from the use of pallets:
  • The use of pallets reduces the usable volume of cargo space.
  • Pallets add additional weight to the load, which can amount to more than a ton for a single truck carrying 33 pallets.
  • The pallet is not free, it has its price.
  • Used pallets must be returned to the place of new loading or disposed of while fighting for the environment

Classification of pallets. Pallets and their types

• There are many types of pallets, but there are main types into which they are classified. To choose the optimal type of pallets for yourself, you need to take into account all the nuances of their upcoming use.
  • Open pallets, also known as Euro pallets.
    Home distinctive feature The advantage of these pallets is that their design allows them to be taken from either side. They are most popular in Europe, which is why they got their second name. True, such pallets are not very popular in the UK and Ireland. These pallets are designed in the form of a block, with strips located at the bottom on both sides and in the center, which allows them to be lifted from all four sides. Thus, cargo handling is greatly simplified, because almost all models of forklifts can work with such pallets.
  • Block pallets, also known as GKN pallets.
    Equipped with a bottom bar along the entire perimeter. The design is block, except for the bottom bar on all sides, there is also a bar in the center. It is convenient to take such pallets from any side using forks or any type of equipment, the only exception being those models whose forks are of the support type. To make the pallet slide more easily along the rack, surface grinding is used. Such pallets are most widespread in the United Kingdom.
  • Longitudinal pallets
    These pallets have several other names: they are called stringer, grocery, block, pallets with a bottom bar, in America they are called GMA pallets, and in Canada they are called CPC pallets. The design of these pallets is block-based; on the side there is a longitudinal strip on which cutouts are made specifically for forks. If necessary, they can be picked up with a pitchfork from all four sides. In order to move such pallets in a horizontal plane, you can use both electric and manual models of your warehouse equipment. To a greater extent, such pallets are used in Asia, Africa and North America.
  • Closed pallets
    Such pallets are picked up with forks only from both sides. The design is block, equipped with slats on the sides and in the center. Any model of warehouse equipment can work with these pallets, with the exception of those with support forks. Such pallets are also most widely used in Asia and Africa.
  • Roller pallets
    They are also loading containers or roller containers. These are metal structures equipped with rollers and side rails. Thanks to the rollers, they can be moved on flat floors not only with the help of equipment, but also manually. Empty pallets are easy to fold and transport. As a rule, they are used in everyday work in production workshops with various parts.

  Pallet classification

  • According to service life. There are disposable pallets, which are recycled or destroyed after use, and reusable pallets, which are used repeatedly. Reusable pallets are designed to last for a long time without deteriorating.
  • By the number of fork passes. Double-way pallets are picked up only from two opposite sides.
    Four-way ones are more universal; picking up is possible from any side.
  • According to the material of manufacture.
    The most common ones are wooden.
    Wood is an environmentally friendly and clean material, easily disposed of and recycled, and cheap. Wooden pallets are very easy to repair.
    Plastic pallets are more practical and reliable than wooden ones, they weigh less, are easier to store, do not absorb moisture, do not rot, and do not require special treatment. They are simply recycled. But they are more expensive.
    Metal ones are the most durable and powerful. Used for the longest period. They are heavy, which affects ease of use, and are susceptible to corrosion.
    In addition, pallets made of combined materials are used.
  • By the number of platforms for placing cargo.
    Single-deck pallets allow you to place cargo on only one side. Double deck pallets have two decks: top and bottom. Due to this, the pallet can be turned over. It is more convenient to stack such pallets on top of each other without the threat of damage to the cargo.
• 
  For special cargo there are special pallets.
  Valuable, fragile, non-standard-sized cargo is transported on standard pallets, where racks, shelves, boxes, frames, corner profiles, lattice walls, etc. are erected. Special pallets - flats, tilts, bolsters - are used for transporting goods by rail, sea and sometimes by road. They are huge pallets that are made to fit the dimensions of a railway cargo platform. They are provided with fittings, i.e. fastening elements for chains and cables with which the load is attached to them. Special pallets can have folding walls, end sides, frame superstructures, full walls, half the height of a standard container. Each type is used depending on the nature of the cargo being transported.
• 
  How to choose a pallet.
  If you need pallets, first decide on the material. Depending on the material, pallets are made of wood, metal and plastic. As a rule, wooden ones are the most universal and they are made from coniferous wood or deciduous wood (birch).
  Once you have decided on the material, you need to decide on their size. The size is selected depending on the size of the product package, but if the goods are intended to be delivered for export, you can only choose from two standards - 1200x800 and 1200x1000. These are pallets that are used by companies engaged in foreign trade activities.
  If you need Euro pallets, we recommend that you first clarify the conditions for clearing customs. Very often there is a requirement for mandatory phytosanitary treatment of all wood products and pallets are no exception. If necessary, please indicate in your request. Firstly, you will initially be correctly calculated the cost of the order, and secondly, the supplier will clarify whether he provides such services or not.
  After choosing the sizes, you need to decide on the design. If you need to place goods on both sides of the pallet, the order must be placed on double-deck pallets, if only on one side - single-deck pallets. If the loader must grab pallets from 4 sides - 4-way, if only two sides are enough - 2-way.
  It happens that the Customer does not have standard pallets (pallets) of standard sizes or design for his goods, in which case the manufacturer needs to provide drawings of the containers that you need specifically for your cargo.
  As for the packaging itself and placing the goods on a pallet, the packaging of cargo items depends on the wishes of the customer and the technical conditions of transportation and storage of cargo.
  Basic packaging recommendations can be formulated as follows: if the cargo must be completely protected, protective pallet packaging is needed with the product completely wrapped in shrink film. If not, securing it with straps is enough.

Pallet weight and pallet dimensions. Pallet volume. Pallet specifications

How is the load attached to the pallet? Height and weight of cargo on a pallet.

History of pallets. Reasons for the popularity of cargo pallets

• • The “great-grandfather” of the modern pallet was the skid, which was used in American factories back in the early twentieth century. It was a wooden shield, to which two boards were attached at the sides at the bottom. With the development of loading devices, the skid design changed and improved. In 1925, another shield was nailed to the boards below, and the prototype of the pallet acquired a completely recognizable appearance.
  • A powerful stimulus for the development of palletization of cargo transportation was the Second World War, and more specifically, the entry of the United States into it. The situation required the most organized possible dispatch of a huge amount of military and humanitarian cargo around the world, and male workers during these years, of course, were in short supply. The use of pallets has reduced the need for loaders and increased the throughput of warehouses and warehouses. And although pallets were used to a greater extent in the Pacific region, Europe also appreciated the benefits of this type of packaging.
  • Most EU countries require that wooden pallets imported into their territory have a phytosanitary certificate confirming that they have undergone phytotreatment. After undergoing disinfection according to Standard No. 15, special markings are applied to the pallets and fastening materials - a registration number assigned by the national service for quarantine and plant protection, as well as the country code and the designation of the disinfection method (HT - heat treatment - heat treatment, KD - kiln-drying - chamber drying, MB - methyl bromide - treatment with methyl bromide).
  • GOST standards for pallets in Russia have not changed since the times of the USSR. Experts came to the conclusion that the maximum load capacity of pallets (1 ton) stated in GOST is underestimated. The new Euro pallet can normally withstand loads weighing 1500 or even 2000 kg. However, there are other factors to consider. Firstly, the carrying capacity of the vehicle, which cannot be exceeded. So, when the truck is fully loaded with standard pallets (33 pieces), the permissible load on one pallet will be only 800 kg. Secondly, the power of most forklifts and similar warehouse equipment, which is not designed to weigh more than 1800 kg.
  • In transport documents for international cargo transportation, you are often required to indicate how many pieces of cargo you have - COLLI; in CMR and TIR they are usually abbreviated to CLL. This term means a separate cargo (transport) piece - any cargo that can be loaded and unloaded as one whole: boxes, bags, crates, cans transported without pallets, as well as cargo on a pallet. Thus, if 5 pallets and 12 boxes are loaded into a container or truck, then 17 collies can be indicated in the transport documents. (from French colis - box, bale, package, piece of luggage)

  Reasons for the popularity of cargo pallets:

  Safety precautions when loading and transporting pallets

  • • When loading/unloading pallets, they must be placed in such a way that there is clearance for the forklift. If pallets are simply pushed, they may tip over or break.
    • Depending on the type of cargo and transportation conditions, an individual scheme for placing cargo on a pallet must be developed. For example, barrels of oil are placed on a pallet in only one tier, and a larger indentation than usual is made from the edge of the pallet. If these conditions are not met, there is a high risk of the barrel walls rubbing against each other during transportation.

  Cardboard pallets

  • Cardboard pallets or cardboard pallets are a type of container made from thick, thick cardboard. Pallets made of multilayer corrugated cardboard are especially durable. Cardboard pallets have limitations on loading capacity. A standard cardboard pallet can accommodate loads weighing up to 700 kg, but some types can easily withstand a load of several tons.
  • 
    Compared to other pallets, cardboard pallets have a number of advantages:
    • The pallet may have a laminated surface;
    • Cardboard is a 100% pure environmental material that is easily and completely recyclable and can be reused;
    • Cardboard pallets are very light, which in turn significantly saves transportation costs;
    • Do not require thermal, phytosanitary, or other types of treatment;
    • Moisture resistant;
    • Complies with hygiene standards, recommended for food packaging and pharmaceutical products;
    • Very economical in storage, taking up 9 times less space than wooden pallets.
    • Applicable without any restrictions worldwide;
    • The use of cardboard pallets does not harm the environment and has a positive effect on the company's image.

  • The secret to the strength of cardboard pallets

    The secret to the strength of cardboard pallets lies in their design. This is a very successful combination of pallet supports, which are U-shaped profiles made of cardboard with sleeves (cardboard sleeves) inserted inside, and honeycomb cardboard panels as platforms, the surface of which is laminated. Often, corrugated cardboard, perforated sheets, and cardboard corners are used instead of panels. The pallet elements are glued together with glue.
    The cardboard pallet can be made entirely from recycled materials and is 100% recyclable.
    A standard europallet made of cardboard can withstand a significant dynamic load of even one ton, while itself weighing 4 times less - about 5.5 kg. If the operating rules are followed, it can be used up to 5 times.

    Shapes and sizes

    • Cardboard pallets can be of a standard shape or made to order according to customer requirements. Options can be manufactured with precise dimensions for maximum loading of any type of transport.
    • Various types of panels can be used - corrugated cardboard, cardboard corner, etc.;
    • Manufactured in any size;
    • Ideal for use on belt conveyors;
    • May be part of the final product packaging.
    The number of bushings in the supports can be different, and their number is adjusted depending on the requirements for strength and load capacity. The dimensions of the height of the pallet support in automated production can be a minimum of 400 mm, a maximum of 1200 mm in height; in manual production, the dimensions are not limited. In addition, they can be made in a self-adhesive version.

    Weight of cardboard pallets

    Cardboard pallets are the lightest among pallets. If a wooden pallet weighs approximately 15-25 kg, then a cardboard pallet weighs 3-6 kg. The light weight of these pallets is a huge advantage when transporting them by land and air.

    Cardboard pallet is an environmentally friendly product

    Cardboard pallets are environmentally friendly and safe. Fully recyclable and can be made from recycled materials. Does not require fumigation. The processing process is very cheap, production is simple. Accepted without any restrictions all over the world.

    Strength

    Leading independent laboratories have conducted tests on the strength of cardboard pallets under various conditions and under various loads. Studies have shown that 4-support pallets are capable of withstanding a static load of 10 tons without much damage.

    Production of cardboard pallets

    The technology for producing cardboard pallets is so simple and fast that it eliminates the need to keep them assembled for storage in warehouses. They can be assembled. The poles can be supplied with a special self-adhesive surface for simple yet durable mounting. If necessary, you can assemble a truckload of cardboard pallets in an hour.
    Automated lines for the production and supply of cardboard pallets are also used. One operator is enough to service the entire production. The process is fully automated; the components are a special roll of cardboard that is fed onto a conveyor. At the same time, production facilities are capable of producing various forms of pallets, and the modular design allows flexible response to customer requirements. This production produces up to 10 pallets every minute.

    Who uses cardboard pallets?

    Increasingly stringent requirements for protection, environmental protection, sanitary standards in the field of hygiene and health make cardboard pallets one of the most popular options for transporting goods, especially for products from the food and pharmaceutical industries. They have also become the most ideal option for sea and air transportation in many European countries, Japan, the USA, and China.

  Pallet terminology

  • Pallet place.(pallet space)
    The cargo placed on a pallet, without protruding beyond its edges, is called a cargo unit or pallet space. A pallet space is a special case of a cargo space.
  • Cargo space.(colli)
    A unit of cargo accepted for transportation, consisting of individual containers (packaging) and its contents, excluding access to the cargo. CLL is a pallet, a box, a bundle, and a bale.

1. Certified Euro pallet (EUR pallet)
Size 800x1200x145mm. It is mandatory to have the EUR brand mark in an oval, burned into the right supporting legs of the pallet. The remaining legs also bear markings indicating the manufacturer (PKP, FS, DB, etc.) and digital information (series, year of manufacture). The upper part of the Euro pallet consists of five boards, alternating in order: wide (145mm), narrow (100mm), wide, narrow, wide. The lower part consists of three boards (narrow, wide, narrow) with chamfers. It is mandatory to have chamfers on the corners of the Euro pallet.

2. Certified finpallet (FIN-pallet, Finnish pallet)
Size 1000x1200x145mm. It is mandatory to have the FIN brand mark in a rectangle burned on the right supporting legs of the pallet. The central legs are also marked with digital information indicating the manufacturer's code and production date. The upper part of the finish pallet consists of seven boards, alternating in order: wide (120mm), two narrow (100mm), wide, two narrow, wide. The lower part consists of three boards (narrow, wide, narrow) with chamfers. It is mandatory to have chamfers on the corners of the finishing pallet.

3. Non-disposable cargo pallet 800x1200mm
Size 800x1200x145mm, board thickness 20-22mm. There is no company mark, the design is identical to the design of the Euro pallet.

4. Non-disposable cargo pallet 1000x1200mm
Size 1000x1200x145mm, board thickness 20-22mm. There is no company mark, the design is identical to the design of the finpallet.

5. Eurobox (EUR-box)
Metal cage with a metal base in the form of a Euro pallet, size 800x1200x800mm. It has a plate with an embossed EUR stamp in an oval. If you ship manufactured goods abroad or use production lines with strict requirements for the pallets used, then it is likely that you will need certified European or Finnish pallets. They are manufactured in accordance with GOST standards adopted in European countries, as evidenced by the presence of a stamp on each pallet. Based on their condition, these pallets are divided into three grades:
1. Top grade
- practically new, white, strong pallets;
- no chips or cracks;
- have been used no more than three times.
2. First grade
- white, strong pallets;
- no chips or cracks;
- have not been repaired.
3. Second grade
- slight contamination and darkening of the wood over time are allowed;
- small cracks and chips are allowed (but no more than 3cm in width and 30cm in length);
- some of them may be after repairs.

All types and sizes of pallets

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Pallet (other names: pallet, pallet, pallet, pallet)- This is a flat stand for a rectangular load. It has recesses at the bottom for gripping by a loader and protrusions for slings, designed for moving in weight. Pallets are used in freight transportation, using them to form enlarged cargo units. UGE represent a certain amount of goods, fastened in some way, and are used to speed up loading and unloading operations.

Types of pallets

There are several types of pallets, one of the most common is Euro pallets. Standard Euro pallets have dimensions of 1200x800x145. The upper part consists of 5 boards: 3 wide (145 mm), 2 narrow (100 mm), alternating in width. The lower part consists of three boards: two narrow on the sides, wide in the middle. The pallet stands on 9 legs, the outer ones have dimensions of 78x100x145 mm, the middle ones - 78x145x145 mm.

The dimensions of a standard Euro pallet correspond to the internal dimensions of the containers. On the right legs of the pallet there is always a branded EUR stamp in an oval. The most common are wooden pallets. Standard Euro pallet sizes are determined by the international standard UIC435-2.

Currently, pallets are made from wood, plastic, chipboard, and metal. Pallets vary in weight. The weight of a 1200x800 Euro pallet is not specified by the standard, so they can be made from various materials. The most common wooden pallets weigh from 15 to 20 kg, the weight of wooden double-deck pallets is up to 40 kg. The weight of a 1200x800 Euro pallet made of wood depends on its species. For the transportation of light loads, for example, clothing, lightweight wooden pallets of the same dimensions are used. The weight of a lightweight Euro pallet 1200*800 ranges from 8-10 kg. Such a pallet will support a weight of up to 2.5 tons in a static state and up to 1 ton in motion. The maximum permitted load capacity of a standard Euro pallet is 2 tons.

Loads can be attached to a pallet in three ways:

1. special laying, in which the load is held by its own weight, suitable for heavy objects (for example, bags of sugar, flour, gold bars);
2. tying with fastening tapes, the tapes must be durable (can be metal, polymer, woven);
3. wrapping the cargo with a special film, most often stretch film. The maximum height of a Euro pallet with cargo is 1.8 m.

How many pallets fit in a container?

Since the size of a standard pallet is 1200x800x145 mm, this allows you to load 11 euro pallets into a standard 10-ton container in one tier. The width of the container does not allow pallets to be placed in two rows equally (along or across the body), so 7 pallets are placed across the first row, and 4 pallets are placed along the body in the second row.

A 20-ton container includes 25 euro pallets. Just like in a 10-ton container, one row of pallets is placed across the body, so you can put 15 pieces, the second - along, another 10 pieces.

In a standard truck with a length of 13.6 m, you can place 32 Euro pallets if they stand with the long side across the body (16 rows of 2 pallets - 0.8 x 16 = 12.8 m) or 33 if the pallets stand with the short side - in “threes” (11 rows 3 pallets 11x1.2=13.2 m). In the second case, the load will stand stronger.

Containers of any other size are loaded according to a preliminary calculation according to the size of a standard pallet and the parameters of the vehicle according to the same principle. The load on the pallet should not protrude beyond the edges. Wooden Euro pallets must be strong to support the weight of the load.